landscape principles
DESCRIPTION
Landscape Principles. Concepts & Applications. By Andy TenHuisen June 2002 Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office. Principles of Landscape Design. Balance Simplicity Focalization Rhythm & Line Scale & Proportion. Which do you like?. Why do you like that one? - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Landscape PrinciplesConcepts
& Applications
By Andy TenHuisen
June 2002
Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office
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Principles of Landscape Design
1. Balance2. Simplicity3. Focalization4. Rhythm & Line5. Scale & Proportion
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Which do you like?
• Why do you like that one?• What makes it different from the other?• Does this relate anything at all to a haircut?
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Why don’t you like this house?
• How do you tell another person why you dislike this house?
• Can you put into words what needs to be done to improve this house’s curb appeal?
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Let’s take a look and find out what words you can use to better
describe what you like
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Balance
• Means “equilibrium”• Visual weight of the landscape is equal• Unbalanced objects cause the viewer to be
uneasy and confused• Two types of balance can be used in the
landscape
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Symmetrical Balance
• Mirror image• Used more for formal
architecture• Visual weight is
balanced
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Which house has symmetrical balance?
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Asymmetrical Balance
• Visual weight is balanced but not mirror images
• Used more in informal architecture
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Home landscapes lacking balance are unappealing
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Simplicity
• Should be soothing to the eye; not busy• No competing objects• Minimal plant variety• No scalloped bed lines; gentle curves• Repetition• Mass Plantings
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Repetition
• Repeating shapes helps maintain simplicity
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Mass Plantings
• Large beds of one plant variety achieve simplicity
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Simple Design
• Using minimal plant variety
• Gentle curving bed lines
• Repetition
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What characteristics of simplicity are achieved here?
• Curved bed lines• Minimal plant variety• No competing objects• Not busy
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Focalization
• Visual importance• One item appears to dominate• Don’t have competing focal points• Draws attention
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Front Door
• The front door should be the focal point of the landscape
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Accenting the Front Door
• Using brass kick plate• Use lights and lighting
fixtures• Sidewalks lead eye to
door
• Using porticos• Stained glass• Vertical elements• Small flower beds
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Front Doors
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Where’s the front door?
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Rhythm & Line
• What is rhythm?• How to achieve rhythm?• What lines are we concerned with?• Sequencing?
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Rhythm
• Landscapes have rhythm just as music has rhythm
• Music has a beat (count)• Music has repetition of notes in the same
scale • Landscapes have rhythm by a repetitious
count of textures/form/color
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Rhythm
• Repeating plant form/color/texture throughout the entire landscape
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Rhythm
• Tying areas together• Continuity• Gradual changes
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Line
• What the eye follows• Everything has a line• Tree outlines• Bed lines• Patios & Decks• Buildings• Gradual changes of line are most appealing
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Lines
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Bed lines
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Vertical Lines
• Vertical lines draw attention
• Create a sense of tension and nervousness
• Tend to exaggerate
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Horizontal Lines
• Horizontal lines create a sense of warmth and tranquility
• Do not draw attention
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Sequencing
• Positioning objects according to size• Small – medium – large• Provide a smoother line for the eye to
follow• Provide views of all plants• Help create horizontal lines
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Sequencing
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Lacking Rhythm & Line
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Scale & Proportion
• Large objects dwarf other objects
• Large objects tend to be overpowering and cause uneasiness
• Large objects used with large structures create proportion
• Small objects create a feeling of warmth and serenity
• Small objects enhance or exaggerate other objects
• Dwarfed plants should be used with smaller landscapes
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Proportionately Correct
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Incorrect Scale
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Large plants in front of house help dwarf the house
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Review of Principles
1. Balance2. Simplicity3. Focalization4. Rhythm & Line5. Scale & Proportion
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Symmetrical Balance
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Asymmetrical Balance
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Unbalanced
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Simplicity
• Gentle curves and lines• Repetition of plants• Mass plantings
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Simplicity
• One focal point• Same texture• Horizontal lines
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No Simplicity
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Focalization
• One focal point• No competing
elements• Vertical lines help
draw attention• Changes in form
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Rhythm & Line
• Bed lines tie areas together
• Horizontal lines create a feeling of warmth
• Repetition provides continuity
• Simplistic designs create rhythm
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Scale & Proportion
• Using plants in size relationship to complement rather than offend
• Larger plants are overpowering and create uneasiness
• Smaller plants generate warmth
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Let’s take a look at some more desirable landscapes
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Let’s take a look at some designs lacking good landscaping
principles
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Conclusion
• Remember landscaping is an art• Principles should be followed to create a
sense a beauty• The most exquisite landscapes generally are
the most simplistic in design• The brain imports information from senses.
Don’t overwhelm the brain with excessive visual inputs!
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The End!