LABORATORY SAFETY

Chemical Hazard Label

What is a MSDS sheet?

A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is designed to provide both workers (students and staff at SHS) and emergency personnel with the proper procedures for handling or working with a particular substance (chemical or element).

MSDS's include information such as physical data (melting point, boiling point, flash point etc.), toxicity, health effects, first aid, reactivity, storage, disposal, protective equipment, and spill/leak procedures. These are of particular use if a spill or other accident occurs.

NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL

HEALTH

SPECIAL

REACTIVITY(STABILITY)

FLAMMABILITY

NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL

2 34 0

LeastSerious

4

MostSerious

4

0

Flammable vapor which burns readily

Substance is stable

Health Hazard 4 Very short exposure could

cause death or serious residual injury even though prompt medical attention was given.

3 Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury even though prompt medical attention was given.

2 Intense or continued exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury unless prompt medical attention is given.

1 Exposure could cause irritation but only minor residual injury even if no treatment is given.

0 Exposure under fire conditions would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible materials.

Flammability 4 Will rapidly or completely

vaporize at normal pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily.

3 Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient conditions.

2 Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high temperature before ignition can occur.

1 Must be preheated before ignition can occur.

0 Materials that will not burn.

4 Readily capable of detonation or of explosive decomposition or reaction at normal temperatures and pressures.

3 Capable of detonation or explosive reaction, but requires a strong initiating source or must be heated under confinement before initiation, or reacts explosively with water.

2 Normally unstable and readily undergo violent decomposition but do not detonate. Also: may react violently with water or may form potentially explosive mixtures with water.

1 Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures or may react with water with some release of energy, but not violently.

0 Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and are not reactive with water.

Special Hazards This section is used to denote

special hazards. There are only three NFPA 704

approved symbols: OX This denotes an oxidizer, a

chemical which can greatly increase the rate of combustion/fire.

SA This denotes gases which are simple asphyxiants. The only gases for which this symbol is permitted are nitrogen, helium, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon.

W The use of this hazard symbol is optional.Unusual reactivity with water. This indicates a potential hazard using water to fight a fire involving this material. When a compound is both water-reactive and an oxidizer, the W symbol should go in this quadrant and the OX warning is placed immediately below the NFPA diamond.

Other Symbols Some organizations use other symbols, abbreviations, and words in the white Special Hazards

section. NFPA 704 permits the use of additional symbols, but they must be placed outside of the NFPA diamond. The following symbols are not compliant with NFPA 704, but we present them here in case you see them on an MSDS or container label.

ACID This indicates that the material is an acid, a corrosive material that has a pH lower than 7.0

ALK This denotes an alkaline material, also called a base. These caustic materials have a pH greater than 7.0

COR This denotes a material that is corrosive (it could be either an acid or a base).

This is a another symbol used for corrosive

The skull and crossbones is used to denote a poison or highly toxic material. See also: CHIP Danger symbols

The international symbol for radioactivity is used to denote radioactive hazards; radioactive materials are extremely hazardous when inhaled.

Indicates an explosive material. This symbol is somewhat redundant because explosives are easily recognized by their Instability Rating.

NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL

Avoid water.

May detonate

with heat or ignition.

Severe health risk.

Burns readily.(Label for Diborane, B2H6)

Table Salt

Table salt (NaCl) has a slight health but no fire or reactivity danger

1

0

0

Xylene

Xylene (a flammable liquid) is a moderate health and high fire danger, but a low concern as far as reactivity.

2

3

0

Sodium Chromate

Sodium Chromate has an extreme health hazard, no fire hazard, and is moderately reactive.

0

4 2

NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL

Complete Label for Phosphine (phosphorus hydride, PH3)

MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet

On file for all purchased chemicals.

Includes all information shown on a chemical label and more.

Different formats are used by different chemical companies.

MSDS