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III. LABORATORY AND DIAGNOSTIC EXAMINATIONSHEMATOLOGYOctober 24, 2014EXAMINATION RESULTNORMAL VALUESINTERPRETATION

Hemoglobin140120.00 150.00 g/LNormal. Red blood cells carry oxygen from thelungsto the rest of the body. They also carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs so it can be exhaled. If the RBC count is low (anemia), the body may not be getting the oxygen it needs. If the count is too high (a condition calledpolycythemia), there is a chance that the red blood cells will clump together and block tiny blood vessels (capillaries). This also makes it hard for your red blood cells to carry oxygen.

Hematocrit0.420.40 0.54Normal. This test measures the amount of space (volume) red blood cells take up in the blood. The value is given as a percentage of red blood cells in a volume of blood. For example, ahematocritof 38 means that 38% of the blood's volume is made of red blood cells. Hematocrit andhemoglobinvalues are the two major tests that show if anemia or polycythemia is present.

Leukocytes No. ConcentrationSegmentersLymphocytesMonocytesEosinophilsBasophilsStabs

9.84

0.670.270.050.015.00 10.00 x 10^ 9/L0.40 0.600.25 0.400.01 0.120.01 0.050.0050.01 0.05

White blood cells protect the body against infection. If an infection develops, white blood cells attack and destroy the bacteria, virus, or other organism causing it. White blood cells are bigger than red blood cells but fewer in number. When a person has abacterial infection, the number of white cells rises very quickly. Segmenters or neutrophils are the primary cells that respond to a bacterial infection. High levels of your neutrophils usually represent and ongoing infection, an inflammation, physical stress and malignancy, caused by some drug, etc. Low lymphocytes count indicates that the body is low on infection resistance. This means the body is susceptible to infections like tumors and cancer. Low lymphocytes count can also lead to the damage of various body organs.

Thrombocytes316150.00 440.00 x 10 ^9/LNormal. Platelets (thrombocytes) are the smallest type of blood cell. They are important in blood clotting. When bleeding occurs, the platelets swell, clump together, and form a sticky plug that helps stop the bleeding. If there are too few platelets, uncontrolled bleeding may be a problem. If there are too many platelets, there is a chance of ablood clotforming in a blood vessel. Also, platelets may be involved in hardening of the arteries

BLOOD CHEMISTRYOctober 24, 2013ELECTROLYTESEXAMINATIONRESULTNORMAL VALUESINTERPRETATION

S. SODIUM141136.00 145.00 mmo/LNormal. This portion of the test shows the amount of sodium present in the blood. The kidneys work to excrete any excess sodium that is ingested in food and beverages. Sodium levels fluctuate with dehydration or over-hydration, the food and beverages consumed, diarrhea, endocrine disorders, water retention (various causes), trauma and bleeding.

S.POTASSIUM3.173.50 5.00 mmo/LDecreased. This may be seen in the following conditions: Gastrointestinal disorders associated with diarrhea and vomiting; Hyperaldosteronism; Deficient potassium intake (rare); As a complication of acetaminophen overdose; In diabetes, the potassium level may fall after someone takes insulin, particularly if the person has not managed their diabetes well.; Low potassium is commonly due to "water pills" (potassium-wasting diuretics); if someone is taking these, their doctor will check their potassium level regularly.; Additionally, certain drugs such as corticosteroids, beta-adrenergic agonists such as isoproterenol, alpha-adrenergic antagonists such as clonidine, antibiotics such as gentamicin and carbenicillin, and the antifungal agent amphotericin B can cause loss of potassium.

BLOOD CHEMISTRYOctober 25, 2014EXAMINATIONRESULTNORMAL VALUESINTERPRETATION

FBS6.574.11-5.89 mmo/LElevated. High levels of glucose most frequently indicatediabetes, but many other diseases and conditions can also cause elevated blood glucose.Moderately increased blood glucose levels may be seen in those withpre-diabetes. Left un-addressed, pre-diabetes increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Some other diseases and conditions that can result in an elevated blood glucose level include: Acromegaly; Acutestress (response to trauma,heart attack, andstrokefor instance); Chronic kidney failure; Cushing syndrome; Excessive food intake; Hyperthyroidism; Pancreatic cancer; and Pancreatitis

Creatinine48.445-84 umol/LNormal. Creatinine, done along with BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen), may be ordered routinely as part of comprehensiveorbasic metabolic panel, during a health examination. It may be ordered when a person has non-specific health complaints, when someone isacutelyill, and/or when a doctor suspects that a person's kidneys are not working properly. If the creatinine and BUN tests are found to be abnormal or if someone has an underlying disease, such asdiabetes, that is known to affect the kidneys, then these two tests may be used to monitor the progress of kidney dysfunction and the effectiveness of treatment.

SGPT (ALT)11Up to 32 u/LThe alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test is typically used to detect liver injury. It is often ordered in conjunction with aspartate aminotransferase (AST)or as part of aliver panelto screen for and/or help diagnoseliver disease.

Total CholesterolTriglyceridesHDL (High Density Lipoprotein)LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein)

190 8546

12715-200 mg/dL