la ciencia observa english
DESCRIPTION
Prsesentación sobre cómo la ciencia lee e interpreta el UniversoTRANSCRIPT
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Unit 1
Science watches and measures the Universe
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What is the Universe?
The Universe is everything existing
Everything existing in the Universe only can be
matter or energy
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What is matter?
● Matter is everything that takes up space and has mass
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What is energy?
Energy is everything that can work
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What is Sciencie?
● Science is the knowledge based on observation, experimentation and logic reasoning.
● The scientific method is the way Science works: watching, measuring, predicting, checking...
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What is ”to measure”?
● The properties of matter that can be measured are called magnitudes
● Ejemplos: length, volume, surface area,...
● Base Magnitudes define themselves. Example: length.
● Derived Magnitudes are defined from a combination of the base magnitudes. Example: speed.
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To measure is to compare a propertie of an object with a standard
● The unit of measurement is a reference or standard.
● Example: the metre.
● The measure instrument counts how many times are the standards in the object.
● Example: tape measure.
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The International System of Measurements
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Multiples and submultiples
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Derived units
The derived units are obtained from a combination of the base units. They are used to measure surface area, volume, speed, density, etc. These units are the square metre, cubic metre, metre per second, etc.
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Properties of matter :Mass
● The mass is the amount of matter in a body.
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Weight
● Weight is the force generated by the gravitational attraction of the Earth on a body.
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Volume
● Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object.
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Surface Area
● The surface area is the space occupied by the length and width of a body.
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Density
● The density is the relationship between the mass and the volume of a body, that is, how concentrated the mass is in a specific volume.
d = m/v
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What is matter made off?
● All matter is made up of atoms.
● An atom is the smallest particle of matter which can exist alone.
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The structure of an atom
● Proton● Electron● Neutron● Quarks
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How are atoms organised?
● Molécules: are made up of two or more atoms.
● Crystals: consist of atoms or molecules arranged in a regular, organised structure.
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Elements in the Universe● All atoms in the Universe
are made up of the same particles, the only difference is the number of particles.
● The number of protons in the nucleos of an atom is the atomic number.
● Chemical Element is a substance that contains one type of atom, so all atoms have the same atomic number.
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How are elements classified?
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Elements and compound substances
● Chemical Element is a substance that contains one type of atom. It cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical reaction..
● The combination of elements produce millions of compound substances.
● Each element has its own chemical symbol. To describe molecules a chemical formula is used.