ETFE sunshading layer

ETFE cushions

Air supply tubes

ETFE Profiles

Trussed columns with crossbeams and braces

Curtain wall with structural isulated glass

Sandwich panels to protect climate cascade

Nozzles

Curtain wall withstructural isulated glass

Column bases

Existing structure

Air supply

Air supply

Air supply

Shunt for transporting air

Shunt for transporting air

ETFE Clamping profiles

Del Seminars on Building Technology (AR1A075) 2013/14-Q3/4 The CASCADE TWINS

Tom Bleijswijk 1524402 group 47

A.Structural design The exis ng structure of the Neudefl at, exist out of concrete columns, walls, beams, fl oors, core(fi g. 1.2) with a fl oor height of 3000mm and an open fl oor plan. Due to the low fl oor height, there is li le space to incorporate al the climate installa ons in the within the ex-is ng building. Therefore a self-supported structure is added around the building to make a new façade. The new facade needs to be 16 storeys high and at least 600mm wide. This new façade exist out of trussed columns with crossbeams, placed 2 meters from each other. Braces in the corners provides stability for the new structure. The facade will func on as a shell with a width of 700mm which can have diff erent characteris cs for the diff erent func- ons in the facade and/or in the Neudefl at (fi g. 1.5). Most of the elements of the EWF-con-

cept are integrated in this new façade along with the associated installa ons (air ducts). As a group, our research ques on was : how the climate cascade can be integrated visible to the public and/or users in the façade, while keeping the performance at a maximum?

Therefore, the ground fl oor of the Neudefl at is open for public to increase the social value of the building and to make people aware of the EWF-concept (climate cascade in par cular). To showcase the EWF concept, there is need for a transparent insulated material with diff er-ent characteris cs for each zone (fi g.1.5). In this the ETFE-cushion has many advantages in comparison with glass. The insula on-value is higher, the material is lightweight, transpar-ent and extra layers of ETFE can provide shading and/or gaining energy. So I chose to make the outer layer of the façade from 1st fl oor to the roof, out of ETFE-cushions. The inner layer of the new façade is an aluminum curtain wall with insulated glass. At the place of the climate cascade an extra aluminum curtain wall with structural insulated glass is added, to keep the performance at a maximum.

Even though the structure of the exis ng Neudefl at remains the same, I make use of the current unused space. Due to the concrete beams of the construc on, the fl oor height is rather low. The empty space beneath the fl oor will be used for a hea ng and cooling sys-tem. The so called Giacoklima ceiling works as radiator with water tubes. This system works faster than concrete core ac va on, because it doesn’t need thermal mass to operate. The system makes use of underground energy storage, just like the EWF-system in the new façade. In this way the structure(fl oors, materials), façade(ETFE, curtain wall) and climate system(EWF-components, fl oors) work together as an integrated design.

B. Construc on designFirst, the load-bearing structure, put in its place. The columns are placed in a footer and connected to their own concrete founda on. The steel columns are connected by hollow crossbeams for stability. The trussed columns of the new façade are connected with the cur-rent concrete fl oor with a simple moun ng anchor. The new façade is just ‘leaning’ against the exis ng Neudefl at, so no forces are transferred between old and new. All the other components of the new façade are directly connected to the load bearing structure. (fi g. 1.6)The ver cals of the curtain walls are mounted to the column and the horizontals to the crossbar. Insulated Sandwich panels connected to the column and curtain wall close of the climate cascade. Air supply tubes are mounted to the crossbar and later to the pillow. Next, the aluminum ETFE profi les are a ached to the outside of the column. The ETFE-cushion are being put in place and later clamped with a profi le (fi g.1.3). Finally, air is blown into the cushions.

An important star ng point for the façade was to keep the performance of the climate cas-cade to a maximum. The climate cascade operates best without ridges, bumps or other dis-trac ons. Therefore I chose to make a curtain wall with a T-profi le with structural glazing in it. This ensures a smooth surface, so the water can fl ow down easily. The insulated sandwich panels on the transverse edges are only interrupted by the pump and air duct . Together with the structural glazing they form smooth boxes. On the south-west façade, the ETFE-cushions have an extra layer. This layer can be blown up and func on as sun shading to protect the climate cascade.

The suspended ceiling with the hea ng and cooling system, consists out of elements of 600mm by 600mm. They are connected to the exis ng fl oor with hangers. The ceiling sys-tem itself consists in a metallic or plasterboard false ceiling. In the upper part a thermal ac va on consis ng of pipes and thermal diff users allows to control the temperature on the surface, transforming it in a hea ng and cooling system. The thermal diff users in anodized aluminium are glued to the panels. The water circula on occurs trough a circuit of plas c pipes (geoclima, 2014).With hooks the panels can be opened for inspec on.

For maintenance, walkable steel grids are placed on the crossbars on some places in the façade. Via the steel grids, the user can go into the new façade to inspect the ducts of the EWF-concept. The horizontal ducts lie on the steel grids and go through the openings of the crossbar. The ver cal ducts are fi xed to the cross beams with a lug.

C. Climate design The climate design is mostly base on the Earth Wind & Fire- concept, developed by Ben Bronsema.(fi g. 1.8) This system provides, with nearly zero energy, natural ven la on for the whole building. The system exist out of 3 elements (climate cascade, solar façade, ventec-roof) but all the func ons can work individually. The placing of the elements came forward a er researching the EWF-concept and the research ques on. (fi g. 1.5) The Climate cascade is situated in the north façade at the square. The solar façade needs to catch sun and will be placed in the south façade. The Ventec-roof is logically placed on the roof.

For the natural ven la on, outside air is directed on the top of the new façade to the cli-mate cascade. Air is coming in and cooled or heated with water droplets with a constant temperature(13C). The fresh air is now transported to the shunt ducts next to the climate cascades. These ducts go 6 fl oors up on both sides. At every fl oor, a duct on both sides is going around the façade to blow fresh air in the offi ces.(fi g. 1.9) The old empty sha s in the Neudefl at will func on as exhaust shunts for the dirty air. The exhaust air is going down-wards and transported to the solar façade. Here the air is heated up by the sun load on the facade and leaves the building at the top, because of the stack-eff ect.

A hea ng-cooling system is placed underneath the fl oors. This suspended radiant ceiling system can cool or heat up very fast and is connected with the hot-cold storage of the EWF-system, but s ll has its own circuit.

In summer the ETFE-cushions insulate the building and gain energy by the pv-foil over the cushions on the south side of the building. The shading membrane protects the climate cascade from overhea ng. The radiant cooling system will cool all the spaces. In winter the façade will func on as a kind of double skin façade. It creates a buff er zone to keep the building warm and the heat load low. Addi onal hea ng will be done with the radiant ceiling system (fi g. 1.10).

There the performance of the climate cascade have to be maximum, the insula on needs to be proper. The double layered ETFE has a be er insula on value than double insulated glass and besides that it’s cheaper and it’s very lightweight. Another advantage is the main-tenance of the ETFE. There is none, the cushions become clean a er a rainy day. To protect the climate cascade from the sun I did research for the sun shading in the ETFE –cushions. There were a couple possibili es. Shading with nitrogen, shading with balloons and shading with a membrane in the cushions. The fi rst two where the most transparent but have not be proven yet. So I chose the membrane print on a ETFE-layer which responds to the sun to protect the climate cascade (fi g.1.4)

D. Peer Review

Florian Nelemans- 1511661The design is about realising a shell around the building that hosts the diff erent parts of the earth wind and fi re system. The placing of the solar chimney and the climate cascade are done very well. The solar chimney on the south facade and the climate cascade north. It’s good to create awareness to the users or pedestrians and there for the use of ETFE to show what sys-tems are in the double facade. On the other hand the use of ETFE limits the view for the users of the building. The double facade is a clear solu on that is able to host diff erent technical solu- ons, it’s a well integrated design. The most important detail of your design, how is this double

facade a ached to the building is lacking quality, you have to improve that. The climate, construc on and structure diagrams explain very well how the systems work. On the other hand your A1 poster is really full and doesn’t show in a blink of an eye what your project is about. The exploded view is really nice, so I would make that bigger. Try to organize your poster in a way that je guide people to watch at certain images, for instance the exploded view. Most of the other diagram are important for your story but maybe smaller. One last thing you can do is look at line weights.

Heini Wanders - 15240483All the elements of the EWF-concept are placed nicely in the new shell. In the details you need to take a look at the space between you curtain wall and the fl oors. This is space that’s needs to be air ght and sound proof. You have enough space to fi ll it up with some insula on material, but you can also use the space for other purposes like light,cables wires etc. for the offi ces. Also the detail of the bo om of the climate cascade needs some inspec on. Try to organize your diff erent components in the way it looks more logical and solid.

E. Refl ec on A er the peer reviews I took a closer look at the details of the façade. Especially at the ver -cal ones. I decided to use the space between old and new to. Led lights are placed in a 45 degree angle to light up the climate cascade. In this way the awareness will increase from inside and outside. When light shines up it, the awareness of the cascades even increases. The same space is used for necessi es for the offi ce equipment. Cables, wires etc. are placed underneath a steel grid along the façade. The steel grid can be pulled out for maintenance and inspec on, in this way the space becomes mul func onal.

In my fi rst design the water reservoir of the climate cascade was placed in the façade. A er the peer review and conversa ons with Ben Bronsema, I found out that the water reservoir should be 60cm high. This huge amount of water has a lot of weight and it creates also a lot of dirt. A er considera ons I decided to transport the water via a duct to the ground reser-voir to solve this problem.

For the presenta on I made some adjustment on the poster. To guide the audience I have made a kind of story about the development of the new façade.

F. Conclusions The introduc on of the EWF-concept took me a long me to fi gure out hoe the system ex-actly worked and what to do with it. At the end I think, the new structure around the exis ng building is a prac cal solu on to host all the elements in. This solu on can be adapted on more buildings in the future. The placement of the EWF-concept in the facade also brought up some troubles for the outer skin. The ETFE-cushions can work, but I’m doub ng about the transparency of the material and what you can really see through the cushions. I was trying to reach my fascina on about a waterfall in the façade just like the Bri sh pavilion in Seville . However, experience in prac ce will show. In comparison with the old façade, the new one requires a lot more material. Research has to be done, what’s more effi cient in the end. Maybe, the new façade could exist out of fewer components to make it cheaper. Looking back to the research ques on, I think I managed to answer it. Because of the EWF-elements in the façade the awareness increases a lot. It’s an Invi ng facade at the square, with the intriguing climate cascade as a kind of waterfall. The Neudefl at is ready for a new life as a symbol of renewel.

1+2| Climate cascade: protect and awareness

Placing of the EWF-elements Zonering of the new facade

3| make use of space and sun 4| Solar facade: allow the sun

Sunshading & insulatedETFE cushions

Highly insulated

Awareness of the Climate Awareness of

Solar facade

layered ETFE cushions

enter light

- -

Penetrate sun enter light in

N N

Protect /

1

2

3

4

Climatecascades

Shunt

Shunt

Air supply

Air supply

the fresh air is transported around the building

Shunt

Exhaust air

Exhaust air

Shunt

Solar facade

5000

10000

4000

4000

5000

load bearing walls/columnsstability coreconcrete beamspan direction

load bearing walls/columns

New selfsupporting structure around the building

Keep the existing construction Self supporting facade structure

Low floor height No space for installations Remove facade, keep construction

3000 mm

800 mm

wind bracingload bearing new strucure

new facade

2000

2000

20002000

2000

2000

Place climate elements in new facadeAdd selfsupporting structure around the building

Extruded aluminium profile(attach to trussed column)

Lid profile

Base seal

ETFE layer(2-5 layers)

Cap seal

Aluminium clamping profile

To much sun: membranes are blown up and overlapping

No sun:membranes not overlapping and light enters

bufferzone

hot-cold storagein the ground

air supply cooled & dehumidified by climate cascades

air supply heated &humidified by climate cascades

cooling withradiant ceiling system

cooling withradiant ceiling system

ETFE-insulate-shading-gaining energy-reduce heat gain

ETFE-insulate- reduce heat load

hot-cold storagein the ground

heat pump heat pump

Sun heats up solar facade

Shunt in existing unused shaft

Because stack effect air is transported to the solar facade

Air inlet at floor height

hot-cold storagein the ground

Air is cooled/heated by waterdro-plets with a constant temperature of 13C

Air captured at the top is transported to the climate cascades

fresh air18°C

exhaust air

Air suct out of building by ventec roof

1 2

3 4

Fig. 1.2

Fig. 1.5

Fig. 1.3 Fig. 1.4

Fig. 1.6

Fig. 1.7

Fig. 1.9 Fig. 1.10

Fig. 1.8

ETFE- Cushions structure ETFE- Cushions shading

Build up of the facade

Place new self-suppor ng trussed columns

A ach curtain wall with glass to the columns and cross-beams. Sanwich panels close of the climate cascades

A ach the aluminum ETFE profi les with air supply tubes to the load bearing structure and blow up the cushions

Connect with cross beams and braces (stability)

Exploded view of the assembly of the facade and structure

Climate system in new facade Summer & winter situa on

Earth wind and fi re: Natural Ven la on

Impression of the new facade at the Neude square

Invi ng facade at the square, with intriguing climate cascade as a waterfall. The ground fl oor has a public character. This will be strengthened by the benches which hung between the columns. The Neudefl at is restored as symbol of renewel: increased social & economical value.

Diff erent characters/zones of the new facade

New facade structure around the buildingFig. 1.1

The new facade asks for diff erent requirements. The diagrams shows the diff erent zoning of the facade. Each zone askes for an other type of approach according to the func ons behind/or in the new facade.