LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION

FROM SMALLEST TO LARGEST

CellTissueOrgan

Organ SystemOrganism

TYPES OF CELLS (THERE ARE OVER 20 KINDS)

Epithelial cells Gland cells Hormone secreting

cells Storage cells Barrier function cells Ciliated cells

Contractile cells Blood cells Sensory cells Neuron cells Lens cells Pigment cells Nurse cells

TISSUES – ARE FORMED BY MANY CELLS COMING TOGETHER.

THERE ARE FOUR MAIN TYPES OF TISSUES:

Epithelial Tissue - cells of epithelial tissue pack tightly together and form continuous sheets that serve as linings in different parts of the body. Examples: skin, inside of mouth, etc.

Connective Tissue - connective tissue adds support and structure to the body. Examples: tendons, ligaments, blood, bone, etc.

Muscle Tissue - contains the specialized proteins actin and myosin that slide past one another and allow movement. Examples: skeletal, smooth, cardiac

Nerve Tissue - has the ability to generate and conduct electrical signals in the body. Examples: nerves

ORGANS: A STRUCTURE THAT CONTAINS AT LEAST TWO DIFFERENT TYPES OF TISSUE FUNCTIONING TOGETHER FOR A COMMON PURPOSE

THERE ARE MANY TYPES OF ORGANS

Liver Kidneys Heart Skin

Brain Lungs Spleen Pancreas

ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Pancreas Liver Kidney Small Intestine Large Intestine

PANCREAS

Produces enzymes to help digest our food. It adds the enzymes to the small intestine

after our food leaves the stomach Produces insulin which controls blood sugar

levels

LIVER

Keeps blood sugar level constant

Filters harmful substances from the blood

KIDNEY

Filters waste products (Urea) from the blood and sends them to the bladder

Helps retain water

SMALL INTESTINE

Digests food and absorb nutrients into the blood stream.

LARGE INTESTINE

Absorbs water from our waste before it leaves the body.

BODY (ORGAN) SYSTEMS - ARE COMPOSED OF TWO OR MORE DIFFERENT ORGANS THAT WORK TOGETHER TO PROVIDE A COMMON FUNCTION.

OUR BODIES HAVE 11 ORGAN SYSTEMS: CIRCULATORY SYSTEM, NERVOUS SYSTEM, SKELETAL SYSTEM, ENDOCRINE SYSTEM, REPRODUCTIVE, MUSCULAR, IMMUNE, URINARY (EXCRETORY), RESPIRATORY, SKIN, AND DIGESTIVE SYSTEMS.BODY SYSTEMS WE WILL DISCUSS: Respiratory Digestive Circulatory Skeletal Muscular Endocrine Nervous

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Function? Obtain oxygen and

transfer it to the blood

Get rid of carbon dioxide

Dependence? Depends on

circulatory system to transport oxygen and CO2

Depends on nervous system to regulate breathing

All systems depend on it for oxygen and getting rid of CO2

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Function? Obtain nutrients

from food Get rid of waste

Dependence? Depends on

circulatory system to transport food to all cells

Depends on nervous system to regulate muscle contraction of stomach, intestines

All systems depend on it for food and energy needs

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

SKELETAL SYSTEM

MUSCULAR SYSTEM

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Parts Thyroid gland Adrenal gland Pancreas

Function? Controls chemical

reactions by releasing hormones from glands.

Examples: Growth and development, blood sugar levels, adrenaline,

Dependence on other systems? Controls breakdown

of food Depends on

circulatory system to transport hormones

NERVOUS SYSTEM

NERVOUS SYSTEMS

Parts Brain Spinal Chord Nerves

Function Receive information

from senses, process it, and send signals to respond

Dependence Skeletal system

protects it Digestive system

provides food for energy

Controls muscle contraction, and just about everything else

CHICKEN

Muscle Tendons Skin Bone Bone marrow – if you can break the bone Layer between skin and muscle Layer between muscle and bone Fat

ORGANISMS - ENTIRE LIVING THINGS THAT CAN CARRY OUT ALL BASIC LIFE PROCESSES.

Bacteria Amoeba Mushroom Sunflower Human

WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO IN ORDER TO SURVIVE

Getting energy Respiratory system – gets oxygen Digestive system – gets nutrients from food

Getting rid of waste Respiratory system – gets rid of carbon dioxide Digestive system – gets rid of stuff we don’t use

from our food Urinary system – gets rid of waste products from

the rest of our body Regulating bodily functions

Regulating bodily functions Nervous system – brain controls heart beat,

breathing, contraction of stomach and intestines and many more

Endocrine system – releases hormones which control chemical reactions in our body

Muscular Skeletal Digestive Reproductive Respiratory Circulatory

(cardiovascular)

Nervous Urinary Immune Skin

(integumentary) Endocrine Lymphatic

BODY SYSTEMS TO CHOOSE FROM

Respiratory Digestive Cardiovascular (circulatory) Skeletal Muscular