kyle vander heiden. unit 3: the new nation chapter 6: the constitution and the new republic ...
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AP UNITED STATES HISTORY3RD QUARTER PROJECT
Kyle Vander Heiden
Unit 3: The New Nation Chapter 6: The Constitution
and the New Republic Chapter 7: The Jeffersonian
Era
Political Constitutional Convention (May-Sept. 1787)
55 delegates from 12 states at Independence Hall Virginia vs New Jersey
Virginia Plan (James Madison): legislature consisting of upper and lower houses; number of representatives based on population and money
New Jersey Plan (William Patterson): one house legislature with more power; equal voting for every state
Based on Compromise Commerce Compromise: federal government regulates
commerce 3/5 Compromise: slaves count as 3/5 a person Slave Trade Compromise: no action taken on slavery for
20 years Great Compromise: executive is single person chosen by
electoral college; legislature is bicameral with lower house based on population and upper house gets 2 representatives from each state
Political (cont.)
Federalists vs. Antifederalists George Washington inaugerated April 30, 1789 Bill of rights added to the Constitution in 1791 Presidential Cabinet is formed Federalists became a political party headed by Alexander
Hamilton Republican Party formed in opposition to Federalist party Bank of the United States started in 1791 Jay’s Treaty: established American sovereignty over
northwest and formed a trade relationship with Britain Pinckney’s Treaty: America gained right to use Miss. River
from Spain; changed boundary of Florida; required Spain to prohibit Indians in Florida from attacking America
Political (cont.)
Washington’s Farewell Address John Adams (Federalist) won election of 1796 Alien Act Sedition Act Thomas Jefferson (Republican) won election of
1800 Judiciary Act of 1801 Jefferson reelected in 1804 James Madison elected in 1808 Hartford Convention: New England considered
secession because of unhappiness with the War of 1812
Ideological
Federalism: belief in strong federal government Alexander Hamilton
Antifederalism: belief in weak federal government Thomas Jefferson
Religious
The Second Great Awakening Accelerated growth of many different
religions Spread to African Americans and Native
Americans
Artistic
Americans were looking to establish a unique national culture
Noah Webster: created an American dictionary
Washington Irving: famous author of the time
Technological
Some advances in medicine Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin
in 1793 Steamboat invented Turnpikes built across nation
Economic
National debt cut in half by Jefferson National bank established in 1791 Increase in shipping
Social
Rise in education 3/5 Compromise Large cities began to appear and
grow such as Philadelphia and New York
Supreme Court Cases
John Marshall: prominent Supreme Court justice of the time; established the importance of the Judiciary Branch
Marbury v. Madison: established the use of judicial review by the Supreme Court
People
Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson George Washington James Madison John Adams John Marshall Lewis and Clark William Henry Harrison Henry Clay John Calhoun Andrew Jackson John Jay
Foreign
Louisiana Purchase for $15 million Impressment used by Britain to gain soldiers Britain claimed right to search American
ships for deserters America enacted embargo in response to
conflict between France and Britain Non-Intercourse Act: prevented trade with
France and Britain Conflict between white settlers and Native
Americans (William Henry Harrison vs Tecumseh)
Foreign
War of 1812 Britain invaded Washington D.C. on Aug. 24, 1814
and burned it Battle of New Orleans won by Andrew Jackson after
peace treaty was signed Treaty of Ghent ended war on Dec. 24, 1814 Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817): disarmament of
Great Lakes Barbary Wars fought against Barbary pirates
from North Africa Naval battles Resulted in formation of the Navy Department in
1798
Unit 7: The Gilded Age Chapter 16: The Conquest of
the Far West Chapter 17: Industrial
Supremacy Chapter 18: The Age of the
City Chapter 19: From Stalemate to
Crisis
Political
Rise of political machines in urban areas Higher voter turnout and increased voter loyalty two
political parties Stalwarts and Half-Breeds: competing Republican factions James Garfield (Republican) elected 1880 Chester Arthur took office after Garfield was assassinated Pendleton Act: first national civil service act Grover Cleveland (Democrat) elected 1884 Benjamin Harrison (Republican) elected 1888 Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890) McKinley tariff Grover Cleveland reelected 1892
Political
Rise of p0pulist ideals “Cross of Gold” speech delivered by
William Jennings Bryan in opposition to gold standard
William McKinley (Republican) elected 1896
Currency Act of 1900 confirmed gold standard
Ideological
Populism began with farmers and quickly gained popularity Free Silver System of subtreasuries Abolition of the national bank Direct election of U.S. senators Regulation and government ownership of railroads Graduated income tax Inflation of money
Social Darwinism The Self-Made Man
Religious
No major religious factors during this time
Artistic
Rocky Mountain School Romanticizing the West Realism: art and literature movement
showcasing society and poverty Modernism: portrayed social
realities, glorified the ordinary Ashcan School
Technological
Invention of automobile Henry Ford
Invention of airplane Wright Brothers
Expansion of railroads Movies grew in popularity Telegraph
Economic
Growth of steel industry Bessemer process used to turn iron to steel
Assembly Line Large corporations emerged Stock market began Consolidation of Corporations
Horizontal Integration Vertical Integration
Laborers began to strike and demand better working conditions
Economic
Unions including the AFL and the Knights of Labor emerged
Mass consumption because of cheaper prices and higher wages
Panic of 1893 Debate over the gold standard and
free silver
Social
Many Chinese people migrated to California Worked as unskilled laborers Anti-Chinese sentiment Chinese Exclusion Act stopped Chinese
immigration Urbanization Poverty and crime prominent in large cities Rise in leisure because people had more
time Sports, movies, music, literature
Growth of public education
Supreme Court Cases
No major supreme court cases during this time
People
Henry Ford Samuel Gompers (AFL) John D. Rockefeller/ Andrew Carnegie William Tweed (Tammany Hall) James Garfield Chester Arthur Grover Cleveland Benjamin Harrison William McKinley William Jennings Bryan
Foreign
Indian Relations Government policies towards tribes
changed Fighting between white settlers and
Indians Battle of Little Bighorn Wounded Knee Massacre
Dawes Act (1887): eliminated tribal ownership; promoted assimilation