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TRANSCRIPT
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DENTAL CASTING
ALLOYDental Material Laboratory
FKG-UPDM(B)
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TERMINOLOGY
Noble metalsbasic for inlay,crown,and
bride,metal ceramic alloyscorrosion
resistance in oral ca!ityc"emical stable#
Precio$s metals
c"emical stability# %emi&recio$s metals#
Base metals non noble elements,
com&onents of dental castin alloy&"ysical
&ro&erties,control of t"e ammo$nt and ty&eof o'idation#
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FOUR NOBLE METALS
%il!er
Gold
Palladi$m
Platin$m
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CLASSIFICATION OF DENTAL
CASTING ALLOYS
lloys ty&e by f$nction
*y&e + soft
*y&e ++ medi$m *y&e +++ "ard
*y&e + e'tra "ard
lloys ty&e by descri&tion
ellow old
."ite old
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CLASSIFICATION BY ADA 1984
/i" Nobel 0/N 1 23 4 $
Noble0N 1 56 4 $
Base Metal0PB7 56 4 $
8L%%+F+8*+9N 9F D:N*L LL9% B
+%90;6# *P: +++ /+G/ %*=:NG*/
2# *P: + :?*= /+G/ %*=:NG*/
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KARAT AND FINENESS
*"e @arat system s&ecifies t"e old
content of an alloy based on &arts of old &er
52 &art of t"e alloy#
:'52 @arat old is &$re ;33 4 old# Finenesst"e $nit t"at describe t"e old
content in noble metal alloys by t"e n$mber
of &arts of old &er ;333 &arts of alloys#
:'&$re ;33 4 old "as a fineness of ;333
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PROPERTIES OF DENTAL
CASTING ALLOYS
Biocom&atibility
8orrosion resistance
*arnis" resistance
llerenic com&onents in castin alloys est"etics
*"ermal &ro&erties
Meltin rane Porcelain bondin
Finis"in of cast metal
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DENTAL CASTING ALLOYS
+ncl$de t"e old and non old#
Noble and base metals alloys f$ll metal and
&artial !enneers#
;#%il!er A Palladi$m lloys
."ite colored&redominantly sil!er in
com&osition#
Palladi$m at least 56 4 %il!er tarnis" resistance
8astin tem&erat$res are in t"e rane of
yellow old alloys
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5# Metal 8eramics lloys
ll t"e alloys "a!e to bond to dental
&orcelain
8oefficients of t"ermal e'&ansion com&atiblewit" dental &orcelain
%olid$s tem&erat$re is s$fficiently "i" to
&ermit t"e a&&lication of low f$sin
&orcelains
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NOBLE METAL ALLOYS FOR
PORCELAIN BONDING
old-&latin$m-&alladi$m old content
ranin $& to 4
old-&alladi$m-sil!er old based alloys
between >C4 and 4 old, $& to >6 4&alladi$m,55 4 sil!er
old-&alladi$m old content 22-66
4,&alladi$m >6-26 4
&alladi$m-sil!er "i" sil!er le!elsdiscoloration (yellow,reen,or brown)
"i" &alladi$m &alladi$m content $& to
4
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BASE METAL ALLOYS FOR
PORCELAIN BONDING
nic@el-c"romi$mnic@els le!els $& to 3
4,c"romi$m content ;>-55 4 ( small amo$nt
of berylli$m 5 4)
cobalt-c"romi$m
only for remo!abledent$re frame wor@s, contain 66-
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TYPICAL COMPOSITION OF SOME MODERN NOBLE
METAL DENTAL ALLOYS
*y&e + old $ > 4,8$ < 4, ;3 4,Pd 3,6 4
*y&e ++ old $ 4,8$ 4, ;2 4,Pd ; 4
*y&e +++ old $ 6 4,8$ C 4, ;; 4, Pd
>,6 4 *y&e +++ Low old $ 2< 4,8$ 4, >C 4,
Pd < 4
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*y&e +++ sil!er-&alladi$m $ -, 8$ -, 3 4,
Pd 56 4
*y&e + old $ ,6 4 *y&e + low old $ 6< 4,8$ ;2 4, 56 4,
Pd 2 4
*y&e + sil!er-&alladi$m$ ;6 4, 8$ ;2 4,
26 4, Pd 56 4
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
1. Type I gold
- melting range 943-960 0 C
- density 16.6 gm/cm 2
- yield strength 103 Mpa
- hardness 0 !"#
- elongation 36 $
2. Type II gold
- melting range 924-960 0 C
- density 1%&9 gm/cm 2
- yield strength 16 Mpa
- hardness 101 !"#
- elongation 3 $
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># Type III gold
- melting range 932-960 0 C
- density 1%&% gm/cm 2
- yield strength 20' Mpa
- hardness 121 !"#
- elongation 39 $
4. Type III lo( gold
- melting range 43-916 0 C
- density 12& gm/cm 2
- yield strength 241 Mpa
- hardness 13 !"#
- elongation 30 $-
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%. Type III sil)er-palladi*m
- melting range 1021-1099 0 C
- density 10&6 gm/cm 2
- yield strength 262 Mpa
- hardness 143 !"#
- elongation 10 $
6. Type I! gold
- melting range 921-943 0 C
- density 1%&2 gm/cm 2
- yield strength 2'% Mpa
- hardness 149 !"#
- elongation 3% $-
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'. Type I! lo( gold
- melting range '1-932 0 C
- density 13&6 gm/cm 2
- yield strength 3'2 Mpa
- hardness 16 !"#
- elongation 3 $
. Type I! sil)er -palladi*m
- melting range 930-1021 0 C
- density 11&3 gm/cm 2
- yield strength %'2 Mpa
- hardness 220 !"#
- elongation 20 $-
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MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
;# 8o-8r % ;3 M&a, *% 3 M&a, :lonation ;,<4, /ardness 2>5 /N, M: 55>,6 M&a';3 <
5# Ni-8r % ,
4, /ardness >33 /N, M: ;5 M&a';3 <
3. Co-Cr-#i % 23 M&a, *% M&a, *% < M&a,:lonation 4, /ardness 5
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CASTING SHRINKAGE
*"e s"rin@ae occ$rs in t"ree staes
;# *"e t"ermal contraction of liE$id metal#
5# *"e contraction of metal in"erent in itsc"ane from liE$id to solid state#
># *"e t"ermal contraction of solid metal#
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REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURE
ALLOYS
*y&e + old alloys
8o-8r 34 8r
Ni-8rt"e most often $sed beca$se relati!e
easy of castin and finis"in# 8o-8r-Ni a !ariation on t"e traditional 8o-
8r alloys,Ni is $sed to form strent"enin
&"ases#
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WROUGHT ALLOYS
%*+NL:%% %*::L%
."en ;5->3 4 8r is added to iron#
:lement ot"er t"an iron, carbon, and 8r#
=esintance
tarnis" and corrosion
8r59>
o'ide layer#
*/=:: *P:% 9F %%
;# F:==+*+8 ( 8r ;;,6-5 Ni - 8 3,53 )
5# U%*:N+*+8 ( 8r ;# M=*:N%+*+8 ( 8r ;;,6-; Ni 3-5,6 8 3,;6-
;,53)
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F:==+*+8 %*+NL:%% %*::L%
*"ese alloys desinated by merican +ron and
%teel +nstit$te series 233 %%#
*"is series
martensitic %% Good corrosion resistance
M=*:N%+*+8 %*+NL:%% %*::L%
8orrosion resistance 7
/i" strent" and "ardness
- Used for s$rical and c$ttin instr$ments
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U%*:N+*+8 %*+NL:%% %*::L%
*"e most corrosion resistant alloys
Used for ort"odontic wires,endodontic
instr$ments and crowns in &ediatric dentistry Greater d$ctility
- :ase of weldin and solderin
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SEKIAN
TERIMA KASIH