k.s. buck collier. nicet level iii fire protection engineering technology/water based systems...
TRANSCRIPT
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Basics of Fire Sprinkler Design
K.S. “Buck” Collier
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NICET Level III Fire Protection Engineering Technology/Water Based Systems Layout.
Have worked in industry 28 years. January 1986 to December 1999 employed by Commonwealth Sprinkler Company
February 2000 to present employed by K & E Fire Sprinkler
K.S. Collier
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Water SupplyOccupancyBuilding Construction
Elements with Largest Impact on Sprinkler Design
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Basic Definition- The water that is available to the building/job site. The design of the sprinkler system is based on this available water
Varies from project to project Can be public or private Public- Locality provides water flow data
◦ Some perform hydrant flow test◦ Some provide calculated information
Private- designs will include tank and pump
Water Supply
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The three elements of the water supply are:
Static PressureResidual PressureWater Flow
Water Supply
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Static Pressure: The pressure available with no water flow
Residual Pressure: The pressure available with a water flow Flow: The amount of gallons per minute of the water flow
These three make up the Water Supply Curve
Water Supply
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Water Supply Curve
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Occupancy Determines Hazard Classification Light Hazard (Schools, Office Buildings, Restaurant Seating Areas,
Hospitals)
Ordinary Hazard Group I (Parking deck, restaurant service area, beverage
manufacturing) Group 2 (Repair garages, mercantile, barns, chemical
plants, piers, wood shop)
Extra HazardGroup 1 (Aircraft hangers, printing, saw mills,) Group 2 (Flammable liquid spraying, Manufactured home
assemblies, plastic processing)
Occupancy
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The Fire Hazards are based on fuel load
Each Fire Hazard has its own design criteria
Design Criteria are the requirements to which the sprinkler system design is based
Occupancy
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Water Density Coverage per Sprinkler Spacing per Sprinkler Remote Area
Design Criteria
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Water Density= Gallons per minute (GPM) per sq. ft. covered by the sprinkler
Light hazard= .10 gpm per sq. ft.Ordinary hazard
Group 1= .15 gpm per sq. ft.Group 2 =.20 gpm per sq. ft.
Extra HazardGroup 1 = .30 gpm per sq. ft.Group 2 = .40 gpm per sq. ft
Design Criteria
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Coverage per Sprinkler (max. square footage)
Light hazard= 225 sq. ft.
Ordinary hazard= 130 sq. ft.
Extra Hazard= 100 sq. ft.
Design Criteria
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Spacing for a Standard Sprinkler (max.)
Light hazard= 15’-0”
Ordinary hazard= 15’-0”
Extra Hazard= 12’-0”
Design Criteria
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Remote Area- The area that must be proven, by hydraulic calculations, that if all sprinklers activate, the piping and supply can provide the required pressure and gpm
Light Hazard- minimum of 1500 sq. ft
Ordinary Hazard- minimum of 1500 sq. ft
Extra Hazard- minimum of 2500 sq. ft.
Design Critera
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Hazard Comparisons
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Construction of Building Effects Design of Sprinkler System◦ Sloped Ceilings
Impact reaction time of sprinklers thus requiring an increase in remote area size by 30%.
1500 sq ft. +30% (450 sq. ft.) = 1950 sq. ft.◦ Unconditioned Spaces
Dry System required for unconditioned spaces Dry Systems impact reaction time of sprinklers thus
requiring and increase in remote area size by 30%. 1500 sq ft. +30% (450 sq. ft.) = 1950 sq. ft.
Building Construction
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Example: seasonal restaurant seating area◦ Heated flat ceiling
1500 sq ft remote area◦ Unheated flat ceiling
1500 sq ft. +30% (450 sq. ft.) = 1950 sq. ft. remote area
◦ Unheated sloped ceiling 1500 sq ft. +30% (450 sq. ft.) = 1950 sq. ft. +30%
(585 sq. ft.) = 2535 sq. ft. remote area
Building Construction
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Thank you for allowing me to give this brief presentation on Basics of Fire Sprinkler
Design
Sincerely,K.S. “Buck” Collier
February 5, 2014
ASCET Central Virginia Chapter