1. lonely planet PHRASEBOOKkNGUAGE IN THE LAND OF MORNING CALM

2. QUICK REFERENCEHello. annyong haseyoGoodbye. annyonghi kyeseyoExcuse me. shille hamnida s2il (for attention)Excuse me. choesong hamnida (apologising)Thank you. komapsumnidaYes./No. ne/anioDo you speak English? yong-6 haseyo?I dont understand. modaradurossoyoWheres the ...? ...i/ga odi issoyo?Straight ahead. dokparo kaseyoTo the left/right. wentchoguro/ oruntchoguro kaseyo ISBN 1 -74059-166-6 USA $7.99 UK 4.50 781740"59l669 3rd Edition

3. KOREAN PHRASEBOOK xx. Hm. & * J.D. Hilts, e tc a a w a, v.V fl > ^ -1 fl ^ fl a- A A A *- -r T-1 rfl -rl

4. Korean phrasebook3rd edition - March 2002Published byLonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd ABN 36 005 607 98390 Maribyrnong St, Footscray, Victoria 3011, AustraliaLonely Planet OfficesAustralia Locked Bag 1, Footscray, Victoria 3011USA 150 Linden St, Oakland CA 94607UK 10a Spring Place, London NW5 3BHFrance 1 rue du Dahomey, 75011 ParisCover illustrationjenny chonsa doing a bit ofdung san by Patrick MarrisISBN 1 74059 166 6text Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd 2002cover illustration Lonely Planet Publications Pry Ltd 200210 987654 21Printed by The Bookmaker International LtdPrinted in ChinaAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in aretrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical,photocopying, recording or otherwise, except brief extracts for the purpose ofreview, without the written permission of the publisher.Lonely Planet, the Lonely Planet logo, Lonely Planet Images, CitySyncand ekno are trade marks of Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd. Other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Although the authors and Lonely Planet try to make the information as accurate as possible, we accept no responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by anyone using this book.

5. Acknowledgments 3About the AuthorsMinkyoung Kim is a Seoul native who studies at KoreaUniversity, focusing on the field of English education.Jonathan Hilts-Park is a California native who has lived inSeoul since graduating from the University of California atIrvine in the 1990s, and is pursuing graduate studies at YonseiUniversity focusing on public health issues in Korea. Sinceworking together at Koreas EBS radio and television network,where Minkyoung was a production assistant and Jonathanworks as a news commentator and developer of Englisheducational programs, they have collaborated on a numberof publishing projects. They welcome comments on theirwork, which can be forwarded to Lonely Planet Publications.From the AuthorsMinkyoung and Jonathan wish to thank their friend ElizabethHarriman for sacrificing her time proofreading so much ofthis book, and hope shell be satisfied with a free copy anda nice meal at the restaurant of her choosing. They wouldalso like to thank their family and friends who acted assounding boards for their ideas, as well as Minkyoungsroommate Alexia for not getting angry about the manylate night calls when deadlines were approaching. Finally,they would like to thank the Lonely Planet staff for theirunderstanding and patience when Jonathan had an emergencyappendectomy right before deadline.From the PublisherThe Korean phrasebook was like wandering up one of Koreasmajestic forested mountains. Annelies Mertens worked devotedlyfrom the temple of editing and was attended by SeniorEditors Karina Coates and Karin Vidstrup Monk. AdrienneCostanzo ran a careful eye over these pages. Emma Koch andDavid Burnett stood guard against destroyers of fonts, andAndrew Tudor rendered valuable technical assistance. Designers

6. AcknowledgmentsYukiyoshi Kamimura and Belinda Campbell calmly craftedand laid out the manuscript, taking over from Patrick Marris.Patricks world-renowned illustrations supplemented the text,and he also detailed the colourful view from the summit onthe front cover. Senior Designer Fabrice Rocher guided thesedeft brush strokes and Natasha Velleley brought the map to theworking party. Publishing Manager Jim Jenkin oversaw all thisand proclaimed it the little book of calm. Thanks also to Kim Young Ok and Robert Joseph Dowlingwho wrote the previous edition of the Lonely Planet Koreanphrasebook, from which this edition developed.

7. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.History & Linguistic Spoken Communication 16 Influences 10 Abbreviations Used inWritten Korean 12 This Book 16WJrMglllJtiiyAJLiJJI BVowels 17 Stress 25Making Syllables 19 Intonation 25Consonants 20 Transliteration System 25Word Order 27 Modals 47Articles 28 Adjectives 50Nouns 28 Adverbs 52Pronouns 30 Questions 52Particles 30 Yes& No 54Demonstratives 37 Negatives 54Verbs 38 Conjunctions 55You Should Know 57 Cultural Differences 67Greetings & Goodbyes 59 Age 68Civilities 59 Occupations 69Forms of Address 59 Feelings 70First Encounters 62 Breaking the LanguageMaking Conversation 63 Barrier 71Nationalities 66emJIJkWrUHIJUFinding Your Way 73 Subway 82Addresses 75 Boat 83Buying Tickets 76 Taxi 83Air 77 Car 85Bus 78 Bicycle 89Train 79

8. ACCOMMODATIONFinding Accommodation 91 Complaints 96Booking Ahead 92 Checking Out 97Checking In 93 Renting 98Requests & Queries 95 Paperwork 99Looking For 101 Telecommunications 105At the Bank 102 Sightseeing 108At the Post Office 104Where to Go 113 Arranging to Meet.... .118Invitations 115 Dating & Romance... .118Nightclubs & Bars 116Questions & Answers 121 Talking with Parents 122Family Members 122 Talking with Children 124 INTERESTS & ACTIVITIESCommon Interests & Skiing 132 Hobbies 125 Golf 133Types of Sport 126 Games 134Talking about Sport 127 Art 134Going to the Match 128 Music 135Soccer 129 Cinema & Theatre 136Keeping Fit 131 Staying in Touch 139Tennis & Table Tennis 132 Writing Letters 139Politics 141 Environment 143Social Issues 142 Drugs 144MH!MJJI7TcWWiLooking For 145 Toiletries 151Making a Purchase 146 For the Baby 152Bargaining 147 Stationery & Publications 152Souvenirs 148 Music 153Clothing 149 Photography 154Materials 150 Smoking 155Colours 150 Sizes & Comparisons 156

9. Contents i 7Through the Day 157 Typical Korean Dishes 164Breakfast 158 Self-Catering 169Snacks 159 At the Market 171Vegetarian & Special Meals 160 Drinks 175Eating Out 161 In the Bar 176MSldUihlllJHAMCamping 179 Geographical Terms 185Hiking 180 Fauna 186At the Beach 182 Flora & Agriculture 187Weather 184!IJJh!WlAt the Doctor 189 Alternative Treatments 195Ailments 191 Parts of the Body 196Womens Health 193 At the Chemist 197Special Health Needs 194 At the Dentist 198Disabled Travellers 199 On Business 202Gay Travellers 200 Tracing Roots & History 203Travelling with the Family 201 Religion 205Cardinal Numbers 209 Fractions 215Counting Markers 212 Useful Amounts 215Ordinal Numbers 214Telling the Time 217 Festivals & Celebrations 225Days of the Week 218 Birthdays 228Months 219 Christmas & New Year 229The Korean Calendar 219 Christenings & Weddings 231National Holidays 222 Toasts & Condolences 231 General 233 Health 238 Dealing with the Police 234 ENGLISH-KOREAN DICTIONARY.

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11. INTRODUCTIONKorean is the official language of both South and North Korea.Currently around 77 million people speak Korean. The majorityof them, nearly 50 million, are in South Korea while approximately 22 million are in North Korea. At least another fivemillion speakers are part of the Korean diaspora, includingmillions of speakers in northern China. There are many in theformer Soviet Union, not only in the Russian Far East, butalso in Central Asia. Japan and North America are also hometo hundreds of thousands of Korean speakers, as are parts ofEurope, South America and Australia. Korean is part of the Ural-Altaic family of languages (whichincludes Turkish, Mongolian and Manchu) and was brought tothe peninsula by Altaic peoples during Neolithic times. Strongsimilarities between Korean and Japanese grammar make thetwo seem so closely related that some linguists feel they shouldbe in a class by themselves. Over time, the Korean vocabularyhas also been influenced considerably by Chinese and English. There are five main dialects of Korean in South Korea, withthe dialects boundaries closely following provincial borders.The dialect of the capital region, Seoul and the surroundingKyonggi-do (Gyeonggi-do) Province, is considered standard. InNorth Korea, the dialect in the capital Pyongyang (Pyeongyang)plays the same role. The media in both countries have helpedcreate a uniform language, but regional differences remain strong.Accents can be used as a way to identify a persons province oforigin, which sometimes reinforces inter-regional tensions. Regional dialects differ primarily in terms of intonation andword endings. Generally, the farther away from the capital, thestronger these differences are. Only on the island province ofCheju-do (Jeju-do), in the far south, is the proliferation of non-standard vocabulary so strong that the local speech is difficultfor non-locals to understand. Often locals will adopt a morestandard form of Korean when speaking with someone fromoutside the region, especially international visitors.

12. 10 History & Linguistic Influences Linguistic differences between the official varieties in theO two Koreas have not been particularly dramatic. Kim Daejungs so-called Sunshine Policy saw a relative flourishing of trade and exchange between the South and the North, and there were very few communication problems. In many ways, theO difference between the two standard forms of Korean is probably similar to the degree of difference between North American and British English, with minor vocabulary and spelling differences. Also, Chinese characters are rarely used in North Korea. HISTORY & LINGUISTIC INFLUENCES The Korean language itself reflects the history of both North and South Korea. Long coveted by the neighbouring Chinese, Japanese, Mongolians and Russians, the Korean peninsula has been seen by its neighbours as a channel for cultural exchange, a buffer against invasion, and a staging ground for imperial conquest. Through it all, the resilient and pragmatic Koreans have managed to thrive, but not without their neighbours having a great impact on their history, culture, economy and even language. But Korea has also experienced a great deal of cultural exchange with these neighbours. Over the centuries, the threat of occupation or absorption by China, Japan and Mongolia has made the Korean people strive to maintain their unique cultural heritage. It has not been easy. Korean folklore tells us that the Korean language existed from the days when Tan-gun (Dan-gun), the semi-deity whose mother was a bear, founded the country in 2333 BC. Different forms of proto-Korean (or Old Korean) existed in the three major kingdoms of early Korean history, Shilla (Silla), Koguryo (Goguryeo), and Paekche (Baekje), but became uniform when the Shilla Kingdom conquered the other two in the 8th century.

13. History & Linguistic InfluencesChinese InfluenceImperial China saw Korea as a loyal little brother, its right-handman, and the two enjoyed a great deal of positive interchange.Korea flourished as a conduit between China and Japan for theflow - especially from China to Korea to Japan - of culture,religion, technology, and social and political institutions. Chinese cultural and political influence can be seen in thenumber of Korean words of Chinese origin, approximately70% of all Korean vocabulary, although the two languagesare linguistically distinct. In many ways, the use of Chinese inKorean and Japanese is similar to the use of Latin by Europeansin the post-Roman era. Koreas elite class, called yangban(o^lL!")* were trained in Chinese classics, and civil serviceexams were conducted using Chinese characters. Even nowadays,technical words are typically formed by stringing togetherrelevant Chinese characters.Japanese InfluenceThe strong similarity between Korean and Japanese grammarappears to many linguists to reflect both voluntary and forcedmigrations from Korea to Japan over a millennium ago. Japansnearly half-century occupation of Korea led to a small numberof borrowed words, including those from other countries thatwere filtered through Japan, such as arubaitii (O|-.s ti|-0|^.),part-time job, from the German word Arbeit, work. In the first half of the 20th century, Japanese military occupiers sought to wipe out any vestiges of a unique Korean culture,including replacing the Korean language with the Japaneselanguage. Korean language instruction was eventually banned,and virtually all Koreans were required to change their Koreannames to Japanese ones. Koreans reverted back to usingKorean language and Korean names immediately after liberationfrom Japanese military rule in 1945, but many elderly peopletoday still maintain some Japanese language ability.

14. 12 Written Korean American Influence Americas media and economic domination since WWII, not to mention its strong military presence in Korea since the Korean War (1950-53), have led to hundreds of words of purported English origin in everyday use in Korean. Words like haendupon (!!!?), mobile phone (lit: hand phone), bippi (HH| UU|), beeper/pager and baengmiro (^i Dl S-j), rear-view mirror (lit: back mirror) have made their way into everyday Korean. Pure Korean Since liberation from the Japanese at the end of WWII, both North and South Korea have engaged in manipulation of the Korean language for nationalistic purposes. Foreign words in Korean were at one time discouraged by the South Korean regime of Park Chunghee, and the teaching of all but the most basic Chinese characters was once stopped for a period of time. In North Korea, virtually nothing is written in Chinese characters, and the North Korean rulers have succeeded in systematically replacing most foreign words even Korean words of Chinese origin with new words composed ofpure Korean components. A good example can be found in the Korean words for ice cream. Koreans originally referred to it as aisukurim (0|-0 |^l3), the Hangulised (see below) form of the English word. The North Koreans, on the other hand, coined a new pure Korean term for the dessert, 6rumposung-i (^ "H-M^O |), literally ice-flufty-thing. However, many North Koreans still use the original term, as do all South Koreans. WRITTEN KOREAN Korean was originally written using Chinese characters made up of complex pictographs, meaning that only the educated elite were literate. King Sejong the Great, considered Koreas finest and wisest ruler, headed the creation of a simple script that the masses could easily learn and use. Hangul (lit: Korean letters) was officially adopted in 1446.

15. Written Korean The decision to create a simple writing system for the masseswas born from incredible foresight and democratic vision.The creation of the alphabet followed scientific principles thatclosely match linguistic thought today. With the original 28characters, it was said that any conceivable sound could bewritten. Hangul is one of the principle reasons the two Koreasare among the most literate countries in the world, both withliteracy rates approaching 100%. Both North and South Koreanstake enormous pride in their unique alphabet. Hangul has since been simplified to include ten vowels and 14consonants. Whereas Chinese characters represent morphemes- elements having a meaning or grammatical function thatcannot be subdivided into further elements - and Japanesecharacters represent independent syllables, each character inKorean represents a sound by itself, making Hangul the onlytrue alphabet native to East Asia. Korean was traditionally written the same as Chinese: topto bottom in columns running from right to left. It canstill be written this way although, due to Western influence,its now generally written from left to right, in rows goingfrom top to bottom. Most Korean is written in Hangul only,although South Korean newspapers and some textbooks mix inChinese characters. Many syllables, from everyday words suchas san (uJ")> mountain or kang (S"), river, as well as mostpersonal and place names, can be represented by Chinesecharacters called hantcha (1_^F). North Koreas Juche (self-reliance) philosophy has led them to eschew Chinese charactersalmost completely. South Koreans are currently taught a minimum of 1000everyday Chinese characters. Even if one is not adept at readingand writing them, knowing their pronunciation as roots isimportant. Virtually every Chinese character is written only oneway in Hangul (unlike Japanese, in which one Chinese charactercan have multiple spellings). Chinese characters represent onlySino-Korean words - Korean words of Chinese origin - notpure Korean words, which can be written only in Hangul.

16. INTRODUCTIONKOREAN CHINA NORTH Sea of Japan (East Sea)

17. ->n Kongnung Yellow -ngju) DIALECTS Hamgyong Pyong-an Hwanghae Central JAPAN Chungchong Cheju East Kyongsang Cheju-d0 5^^m_l00 km Island Chin a S *4airline terminal 2 che-i chdngsadomestic terminal kungnae chdngsaWhens the next flight to ...? ...e kanun daum CHI pihaenggiga onje issoyo?How long does the flight take? pihaeng shigani olmana dwaeyo? u|t!JA|^O|What time do I have tocheck in at the airport? myoshie chekiiinul a|o|| haeya dwaeyo?Wheres the baggage claim? chim buchinun goshi odieyo? OCC3L?My luggage hasnt arrived. che jimi ajik anwassoyo

80. At CustomsI have nothing to declare.I have something to declare. shin-go hal goshi issumnidaDo I have to declare this? igotto shin-go haeya hanayo?This is all my luggage. ige che chim cnonbu imnida 0|7|| x||Thats not mine. kugon che goshi anindeyo HZJ *i|I didn t know I had to declare it. shingo haeya hanunjul morugo issossumnidaBUS tH^Korea has five major types of buses:shinae bosu AILH tH regular metropolitan buses that go from one district of the city to another; some go to nearby citieschwasdk bosii QM H-| ^ first-class metropolitan buses usually servicing the same routes as shinae bosu (AlL|tH^), as well as long-distance routes to the suburbs or to destinations like the airport; twice as expensivemaul bosu D|-#tHr^: cheaper buses that snake through the local neighbourhoodkosok bosii ZL^U-j^: long-distance inter-city buses that crisscross the countrychik aeng bosii ^1H! ^H rural inter-town buses running between major towns and stopping at local bus stops in betweenWith the exception of deluxe buses servicing destinations thatoverseas visitors are likely to visit, most of the buses have mapsand destinations printed in Korean only.

81. Wheres the bus stop? bosu chong-yujang-i odieyo? tH:Which bus goes to ...? myoppon bosuga ...e kayo? % i tH7[ ...oDoes this bus go to ...? ibosu ...e kayo? 0| tH^How often do buses come? bosuga myoppunmada *H ? I- wayo? SJ-S.?Please let me off here! naeryojuseyo! LH 21What times ...e kanun bosuthe ... bus? myoshi-e issoyo? next taiim first chot last majimakCould you let me knowwhen we get to ...? .. .e tochak halttae chege ...0 chom allyojushillaeyo? a %Where do I get the bus for ...? ...e kanun bosu odiso tayo? ..M 7he- tHr^TRAIN 7x[Korea has an extensive network of affordable and comfortabletrains. Theyre fast and extremely punctual. There are varioustypes of trains:saemaul-ho 4|d|.# the more expensive, but comfortable, express trains that hit only a few cities on their cross-country journeymugunghwa-ho -x-^Srli cheaper but not quite as fast; stop at more stationstone-il-ho #^S cheaper still, but stop at most stations, so they take longer to make their journey

82. What station is this? yogiga musun yogieyo?Whats the next station? taum yogi odieyo? O|D|0||fi?How many stops until...? ...kkaji myot chonggojang namassoyo?Does this train stop at...? igicha ...eso soyo? 0|The train is delayed. kichaga yonchak toelgoshimnidaThe train is cancelled. kichaga chwiso doe-ossumnidaHow long will it be delayed? olmana yonchak dwaeyo?How long does the trip take? olmana orae kanayo? 211Is it a direct route? ige chikhaeng nosonieyo? 0|7||Is that seat taken? ijari imja issoyo? 0| ^rI want to get off at... ...eso naeriryogo haniindeyoId like to store my luggage. chim pogwanhami issossumyon hanundeyo

83. Place Names TO KYONGJU OR GYEONGJU?South Korea is blessed with an excellent public transportsystem and an extensive road and highway network, allwell-marked in Korean, English and even Chinese characters. iBut one thing that any English-speaking traveller will quicklynotice is that the English isnt always consistent. The official oRomanisation system has changed many times, so you mightsee variations in the spelling of place names. Here are someof the more popular destinations:1984 system 2000 system Variations HangulChungchong- Chungcheong- Choongcheong- namdo namdo namdoCheju-do Jeju-do Chejoo-do, Jejoo-doChinju Jinju Chinjoo, JinjooCholla Jeolla Junra, Jeonra 34Inchdn Incheon InchonKangnam Gangnam GahngnahmKangnung Gangneung GangreungKangwon-do Gangwon-do Gangweon-doKimpo Gimpo Kimpo, GeempoKwangju Gwangju Kwangjoo,Kyongbokkung Gyeongbok- Gyeongbok- gung goongKydnggi-do Gyeonggi-do Kyungki-doKyongju Gyeongju Kyongjoo, GyeongjooKyongsang-bukdo Gyeongsang- Gyeongsang- bukto bookdoPydngyang Pyeongyang PyongyangPusan Busan BoosanPuyo Buyeo BooyeoSeoul Seoul SoulShinchon Sinchon ShinchonSoraksan Seoragsan Seolagsan

84. 82 Subway TO KYONGJU OR GYEONGJU? 1984 system 2000 system Variations Hanguf Taegu Daegu Taegoo, Daegoo, CM? Daigoo Taejdn Daejeon Taejun, Daejun, Daijun Tdksugung Deoksugung Deogsoogoong Tongdaemun Dongdaemun Dongdaemoon Tongnimmun Dongnimmun Dogribmoon, Doglipmoon Ulsan Ulsan Woolsan SUBWAY S Koreas major metropolitan areas all have clean and modern subway systems. Seouls network is one of the longest in the world. All of the subway systems are bilingual (Korean and English) or even trilingual (with Chinese characters) and are colour coordinated, so that theyre extremely convenient and easy for getting around. entrance number 1 ilbon chulgu subway chihachol subway entrance chihachoripku subway line chihachol noson subway station chihacholyok ticket counter pyo paniin-got ticket vending machine pyo chapan-gi transfer point karatanun-got SEOULS SUBWAY line 1 (dark blue line) ilhoson line 2 (green line) ihosdn line 3 (orange line) samhoson line 4 (blue line) sahosdn line 5 (purple line) ohos6n line 6 yukoson Iine7 chilhosdn line 8 palhoson National Rail line kukchol

85. Boat 83BOAT uH 3Boats are no longer a common form of transport in Korea, ^although youll need to take one if you travel to some of the Qbeautiful islands along the west and south coasts. International >ferries between Korea, Japan and China are economical - but qmuch slower ways to travel. ^Where does the boat leave from? paega odiso chulbal haeyo?Is this a sightseeing boat? ige yuramsonieyo? 017J|How many islands doesthis boat go to? ibaega somul 0| myokkaena kochogayo? #[Can I take my car on the boat? charul pae-e shilkko *[ kalsu issoyo? -sTAXIThere are two kinds of taxis: regular taekshi (^jAl) and moreexpensive deluxe taxis, mobom taekshi (S.^ ^j A|). As regular taxis legally can take only four passengers (not including the driver), a third type of taxi has popped up, the so-calledchombo taekshi (S-2-^J Al), jumbo taxi, a kind of minivan. Taxi drivers who dont speak English have a number to callto hook you up with someone who will translate.Is this taxi free? itaekshi muryo-eyo? 0|Please take me to ... ...e kajuseyoHow long will it take to get there? olmana kollyoyo?How much is it to go to ...? ...kkaji kanunde olma-eyo?How much do I owe you? olma-eyo?

86. Please dont pick upanother passenger. hapsung haji maseyoIts OK to pick upanother passenger. hapsung hashodo dwaeyoInstructionsPlease continue. kyesok kajuseyoThe next street to the left/right. ibone chwahoejon/uhoejdn haejuseyoPlease slow down. chonchonhi kajuseyo ! ! ^1Please wait here. yogiso kidaryo jushillaeyo?Stop here. yogiso sewojuseyoStop at the corner. motung-ieso sewojuseyo TAXI TACTICS As Korean taxis are very cheap, taxi drivers try to find ways to boost their earnings. Driving as fast as possible seems to be the preferred method, but picking up multiple fares is another. Even with passengers already in the car, taxi drivers might slow down for would-be passengers on the side of the road, who shout their destination to the driver. The taxi driver will pick up that fare if he or she is going in the same direction as the person(s) already in the car. This practice is called hapsung (U^), and although technically illegal, its quite common. It offers no sav ings benefit for the passengers, but can dramatically increase the likelihood of getting a taxi at busy times. Be prepared to shout out your destination or you may be standing around for a long time.

87. QCAR x[^x[Driving in Korea is not for the fainthearted, especially in big citieswhere beginner drivers abound and buses and taxis often ignoretraffic laws. Driving in the countryside is relatively more pleasant.Where can I rent a car? odiso cha rentu O| D| A-J x[ sy e halsu issoyo? th ^ 210] 2. ?How much is it daily/weekly? harue/iljuire *^o /H ^^ o olmaeyo?Does that includeinsurance/mileage? pohom/mailliji poham haesoyo? tl^H M 2.7Wheres the nextpetrol station? taiim juyusoga odi issoyo? 0]CWhat kind of fuel does this take? musun yollyorul ssoyo?Please fill the tank. kaduk chaewojuseyoId like ... litres. ... rito no-6juseyodiesel dijelLPG elpiji(unleaded) petrol (muyon) hwibalyu

88. Please check the ... ... chom chekii M3. haejuseyo oil o-il tyre pressure taio amnyok e|-o|cH i water naenggaksuCan I park here? yogi chucha haedo dwaeyo?How long can we park here? yogi dlma-dong-an chucha halsu issoyo?How much does it costto park here? chucha hanunde olmaeyo?Does this road lead to ...? igil daragamyon 0| ...e kal-su issoyo? ...oWheres the express way? kosoktoroga odieyo? ocos.?What major street is it near? chuwie kun-giri issoyo? PARKING PROBLEMS :|iecdu^e of ike dsirorioroical1 price 6f real estcite^ liirge buildings are designed With massive above-ground |jarkirii sfruehjtres, or with giant parkihg llftis that e6ver fijly 2 or ^ square meteri of land, but rise up TCJ flbors 6r more.

89. air e-o CHIOHbattery baetoribrakes bureikuclutch kullochidrivers licence unjonmyonhojungengine enjinfuel (all types) kirumgarage chagoheadlight heduraituindicator panghyang jishigi; gambagiinternational kukche myonhojung drivers licencelights (interior) pul/shillaedungmain road chuyodorooil o-ilpuncture pongkiiradiator rajieta/ radieitoroadmap torojidoseatbelt anjonbeltuself-service selpu sobisuspeed limit chehan-soktotollbooth yogum naenun-gottyres tai-6unleaded petrol muydn hwibalyuwindscreen amnyuriCar ProblemsWe need a mechanic. chongbi-gong-i pilyo haeyoWhat make is it? onu hoesa cha-eyo? O in s| A|- *|-0i| fi?What model is it? musun model cha-eyo? ^-^ S.% *|l| fi.?What year is this car? myonnyonhyong chVeyo? ^ * S *|-0||a?

90. The car broke down at... ...eso chaga kojang nassoyo ... o A-j x7 j- m *J- ^ oj 2..The batterys flat. baetoriga nagassoyo "H E| | 71- MThe radiators leaking. ji rajietaga saeyoI have a flat tyre. taio-e pongku nassoyo E|-o|cHoi| ^h bd;CH2.Its overheating. kwayol/obohitii dwaessoyo ^rii /-2. u-| 3| J= fji O| 3..Its not working. chaktong-i andwaeyoIve lost my car keys. cha yolsoerul iroboryossoyoIve run out of fuel. kirumi dorojossoyo 7|#o| aotaoifl.H^^^HT ROAD SIGNS ^^^HB BEWARE OF CHILDREN BUS-ONLY LANE DANGER FALLING ROCKS o}7HX|Q^ FOG ZONE FREE PARKING NO PARKING ONE-WAY rl S Al ON LEFT TURN ARROW ONLY 5jAj^A| ON RED LIGHT ONLY PAID PARKING PEDESTRIANS PROHIBITED SLOW STOP TOW-AWAY ZONE TURN WHEN SAFE

91. Bicycle I 89BICYCLE Between crowded pavements and busy streets, there isnt muchroom for bicycles in the city, and in many neighbourhoodsits dangerous to ride. However, Korean parks have lately beendesigned with cycling in mind. Its also not a bad way to movearound in rural areas. Bike rentals can be hard to find, but goodmulti-speed bikes can easily be purchased.Is it within cycling distance? chajdn-goro kalsu innun korieyo?Is there a bike path? chajon-go doroga issoyo?Where can I hire a bicycle? chajon-go odiso rentu halsu issoyo?Where can I find second-handbikes for sale? chunggo chajon-go odiso kuhalsu issoyo?I have a flat tyre. taio-e pongku nassoyoHow much is it for . ...e dlma-eyo? .oil the afternoon ohudong-an the day haru an hour han shigan the morning ojondong-an

92. 90 Bicycle chajon-go bicycle path chajon-go doro brakes bureiku gear stick kid sutik go cycling chajon-go tayo handlebars haendul helmet helmet inner tube tyubuH lights raitu^ mountain bike sanak chajon-go padlock chamulsoe pump pompu puncture pongku racing bike kyongjuyong chajon-go saddle anjang tandem i-inyong chajon-go wheel pakwi

93. ACCOMMODATIONWestern-style hotels can be found just about anywhere in Korea.They range from cheap (but clean) small rooms that are alsoused for late-night rendezvous or by businessmen too drunk togo home on their own, to expensive deluxe hotels where you canexpect every employee to speak English. Camping has only recently started to gain popularity, andmost people travelling to national parks or beaches still tend tostay in motels or minbak (EJ ^J"), small family-run facilities thatcater for people on holiday.FINDING ACCOMMODATION -Im looking for a rul/ul chakko ... #/# issoyo camping ground kaempujang guesthouse minbakchip hotel hotel II motel motel/yogwan/ yoinstik 0=j l ^ youth hostel yusu hosutel ^ 2^:1See In the Country, page 179, for specific words and phraseson Camping.Where can I find ... hoteri odi ... SH 0| 0] D|a ... hotel? issoyo? good choun nearby kakkaun clean gaekkutanWheres the cheapest hotel? kajang ssan hoteri odi issoyo? Oj C-l

94. 92 Booking Ahead Whats the address? chusoga ottdke dwaeyo? 7 r O) S ?il Please write down the location. wichi chom chogojuseyo 1 M 3 0] DID YOU KNOW When giving an address or telephone number to someone, Koreans will write in any colour but red. Red ink conveys a message of unfriendliness. BOOKING AHEAD Id like to book a room, please. pang yeyak haryogo hanundeyo Do you have any rooms/beds available? pang issoyo? double dobul single shinggul How much for ...? ...e olma-eyo? ...0 one night haruppam of-- (three) nights (sam)bak a week ilchuil two people tu saram Ill/Well be arriving at... ...e tochakhal ...0|| yejong-ieyo oi| o | oj| S.. My names ... che irumun ...(i)eyo * 0|#-B ..

95. Checking In 93Can I pay by credit card? kiireditu kaduro kyesan dwaeyo?Do you accept travellerscheques? yohaengja supyo padayo? YES OR NO OR YES OR NO? Keep in mind that answering questions in Korean and in English can be somewhat different. A Korean may answer yes or no depending on agreement or disagreement with the question. This can be confusing when the question itself is negative. An English speaker might answer the question, Youre not a student? with no (meaning No, Im not.), but a Korean might answer yes (meaning Yes, thats right.).CHECKING IN *I|5L ]Larger motels and hotels will provide beds in every room(Western-style rooms), but smaller places may have rooms withno bed (Korean-style rooms), instead offering yo (-2.), sleepingmats to sleep on. In winter, when the ondol (-^-il), heatedfloors are turned on, the floor is extremely comfortable.Do you have a roomwith two beds? chimdae dugae innun bang issoyo?Do you have a room witha double bed? dobul chimdae innun bang issoyo?

96. 94 Checking In Do you have a Western-style room? yangshik bang issoyo? Do you have a room with sleeping mats? yo kkalgo chanun bang issoyo? Sorry, were full. choesong hajiman namniin bang-i opsoyo oh Id like ... ...ro/iiro halkkeyo /o^. mn^.. to share a room kachi ssunun bang a single room shinggul rum I/We want a ... bang-uro room with a ., halkkeyo bathroom yokshiri innun 21-c- shower shawoshiri innun TV tellebijon innun view chonmang-i choun cable TV keibul tibiga naonun Can I see it? pang chom polsu issoyo? Are there any others? tarun bang-un opsoyo? Wheres the bathroom? yokshiri odie issoyo? Is there hot water all day? onsu harujong-il nawayo? When is the hot water on? onsuga onje nawayo?

97. Requests & Queries 95Is there a discount for(children; students; senior citizens)? (orini/haksaeng/kyongno) harin issoyo?Its fine. Ill take it. chonneyo. ibang-uro #MI-2.. 0| Ql halkkeyo 1N&.REQUESTS & QUERIES &=?Wheres the bathroom? yokshiri odi issoyo?Is breakfast served? achim shiksaga nawayo?Does it come with aWestern breakfast? soyangshik achim shiksaga nawayo? L-r^rS?Is there somewhere towash clothes? setak-hal goshi issoyo? ^l^tti" :Can we use the telephone? chonhwa ssodo dwaeyo?Do you have a safe whereI can leave my valuables? kwijungpumdurul noul pogwanham issoyo?Do you change money here? yogiso hwanjon halsu 01 7 IM FSIs there a message for me? chege on meshiji opsoyo? *M D1IAI*ICan you call a taxi for me? taekshi chom *%M pullojushillaeyo?Please wake us at (seven). (ilgopshie) gaewojuseyo

98. 96 Complaints Could we have ...? ... jushilsu issoyo? an extra blanket tamnyo hanjang to a mosquito net mogijang our key pang yolsoe Ive locked myself out of my room. yolsoe opshi pangmunul chamgiigo nawaboryossoyo COMPLAINTS n? I cant open/ close the window. changmuni an yollyoyo/dachoyo I dont like this room. pang-i mame anduroyo ] #CH2.. The toilet wont flush. hwajangshil muri annaeryogayo Can I change to another? tarun bang-tiro omgilsu issoyo? Its too ... nomu ... cold chuwoyo dark oduwoyo expensive pissayo light/bright palgayo noisy shikkurowoyo small chagayo

99. Checking Out 97 is ... is not clean. i ...nun/un o| ...&/ gaekkiitajiga anneyo SMI a. blanket tamnyo pillowcase pegaennitt HI 2131 pillow pegae uiPH sheet shitu MB CHECKING OUT What time do we have to check out? onje pang-til piwoyadwaeyo? Im/Were leaving now. chigum donayo We had a great stay, thank you. yorogajiro komapsumnida Id like to pay the bill. kyesan halkkeyo Can I pay with a travellers cheque? yohaengja supyo padiiseyo? Theres a mistake in the bill.H1F kyesanso-e chalmot to&i goshi innun-got katayo Can I leave my backpack/ bag/suitcase here until tonight? onul bamkkaji paenang-ul/ kabang-ul/chim-ul yogi nwadwodo do^lkkayo? Well be back in (three) days. (sam)irane tora-olkkeyo

100. 98 Renting RENTING S In Korea, renting apartments or homes for short-term stays is virtually unheard of. Renting individual rooms in boarding houses, however, is quite common, and can be arranged through pudongsan (-t"-!-), real estate offices, for a small fee. Boarding houses, or hasukchip (^r^1 tl), are easy to find, especially around universities, and they are a great place to meet local Koreans. Some motels will also rent out rooms for extended periods of time, at a discount. Do you have any rooms to rent? pang pillilsu issoyo? Could I see it? chom polsu issiilkkayo?a How much is it per ...? ...e olma-eyo? .. .0|| S Drll ? week ilchuil U^U month handal tit i!" Id like to rent it for (one) month. (han)daldong-an pillilkkeyo A SMILE WILL DO Cultural differences will pop up right and left when you eome to Korea, and one that is particularly bewildering to Westerners is the tendency for Koreans (especially middle-aged or older) to smile when theyve mqde a mistake. Many Westerners misinterpret the smile to mean the person is not taking the mistake or its consequences seriously. But smiling is actually a show of embarrassment, and is generally meant to defuse anger in a difficult situation.

101. Paperwork 99apartment apatuboarding house hasukchipcondo pilla ^ 2-1-dormitory kisuksa 7|^A|-furnished kagu wanbidoen 7ft fu|!house chip I*partly furnished kaguga 7ft7f- pubunchogiiro putun M^real estate office pudongsanroom pang o1"studio apartment wonrum (lit: one-room)time-share kondo BE.unfurnished kaguga omnun 7ft7(- ftl^-PAPERWORK >HAs a foreign visitor, virtually any document youll have tofill out will be in English or bilingual. There may be someodd occasions, though, where youll have to provide personalinformation on a form thats in Korean only.name irum/songmyongaddress chusodate of birth saengnyonworil/ saeng-ilplace of birth chulsaengjiage nai/yollyongsex songbyolnationality kukchokreligion chonggyoprofession/work chigopmarital status kyolhon yumu single mihon married kihon divorced ihon

102. identification card shinbunjung -fci-nr-s" passport number yokwonbonho 0=j ^ Si 5. visa bija u|Xr drivers licence unjonmyonhojung te-S 2! ^ # customs segwan M ^r immigration ipkuk kwalli; ?J^ ^B.|; ipkuk shimsa tJ^ -fejA|- purpose of visit pangmun mokchok ^^ ^-^Z reason for travel yohaeng mokchok 0^|[j s.x^JZ visiting relatives chinchok pangmun; j ^ ^"-^; chinji pangmun j ^| ^>^5 visiting the kohyang pangmun mi)1 Qtt5 homelandU holiday yohaeng 0^ |ij^ business saop A(-

103. AROUND TOWNKorea boasts 5000 years of history, as its many palaces, temples,gates and other cultural sites attest. It seems theres an historicalmarker on every street corner. At the same time, Korea is atechnological leader with excellent public transport and highlyefficient banking and postal systems.LOOKING FOR .Wheres ...i/ga odi .op[o]z.a/an/the ...? issoyo? art gallery misulgwan bank unhaeng cinema yonghwagwan city centre shinae (downtown) jungshimga consulate yongsagwan embassy taesagwan hotel hotel market shijang museum pangmulgwan police station kyongchalso post office ucheguk public telephone kongjung jonhwa public toilet hwajangshil telephone centre chonhwaguk tourist information kwan-gwang office annaeso

104. 1 02 At the Bank AUTHORISED PERSONNEL ONLY CLOSED ENTRANCE EXIT NO ENTRY NO PHOTOGRAPHY NO SMOKING OPEN ... PROHIBITED SMOKING AREA TOILET MEN WOMEN WATCH YOUR HEADQ AT THE BANK % Banking in Korea tends to be done electronically, with the help of automatic teller machines that are found almost everywhere. Most banks will have at least someone who can help you in English. The local currency is called won (!). Youll have to get used to carrying around lots of bills as even the largest denominations still represent modest amounts of money. Koreans bypass the need to carry lots of bills by using supyo (^S), a kind of cheque that can come in fixed denominations (especially 100,000 won) or can be created in specific amounts.

105. At the Bank 103I want to change ...rul/ul pakkuryogo ..Ml(a) ... hanundeyo .?Where can I find out whats on? musunhalkoriduri innunji ^- U" odiso arabolsu issoyo? O D| A-j ^or# ^ 510]2_-?I feel like ship oyo ... & pi fi. a stroll sanchaek hago ^^i ^[! dancing chum-chugo going for a kopi/sul coffee/drink mashiro kago DrAl^ 7r

116. 114 Where to Go I feel like going kago shipoyo to a/the ... bar/pub sul mashiro cafe kopi-shobe cinema yonghwagwane concert kong-yonjang-e karaoke bar karaoke ba nightclub naitii-e opera opera-e restaurant shiktang-e theatre kukjang-e traditional chontong chatchibe teahouse traditional music kugak kong-yone performance

117. InvitationsINVITATIONSWhat are you doingthis evening? onulbame mwo haseyo?What are you doingthis weekend? ibonjumare mwo haseyo?Do you know a goodrestaurant (thats cheap)? odi (ssago) choun umshikchom opsoyo?Would you like to go for a drink? sul mashiro kalkkayo?Would you like to go for a meal? papmoguro kalkkayo?My shout. (Ill buy.) chega salkkeyoDo you want to come to the{music style; name of artist}concert with me? {...} kong-yone kachi kashillaeyo?Were having a party. uri pati-rul halkkoeyoCome along. kachi kayo G) O ANNYONG ANY OL TIME Korean doesnt have a separate greeting for morning, noon, afternoon and evening. At all times of the day annydng haseyo (ef^oHia), hello, is appropriate.

118. 116 Nightclubs & Bar Responding to Invitations Sure! mullonijo! i Yes, Id love to. ne, tang-yonhi kayajo Ml, Yes. Where shall we go? ne. odi kalkknyo? Ml. No, Im afraid I cant. choesong hande mot kalgot katayo What about tomorrow? naeirun ottaeyo? NIGHTCLUBS & BARS M-0| ^&[ #S Districts of big cities that cater to foreign residents usually have some Western-style dance clubs. Lately, Latin dancing has gained quite a few followers. Drinks are generally expensive, and if you decide to sit down at a table, be prepared to order some fruit or French fries (called anju (2.^), or side dishes) at astronomical prices. Are there any good nightclubs? choun naitii issoyo? # urol - How do you get to this club? i naitu-e ottoke 0| i^Ol^o kayo? Do you want to dance? chum chushillaeyo?

119. Nightclubs & Bars 117Im sorry, Im a terrible dancer. choesong hande, cho chum |^-iEKII, X jal mot chwoyo H" zfz ^-J S..Come on! dsoyo!What type of music doyou prefer? otton umagul choa haseyo?I really like (reggae). chdn (rege) umagul choahaeyoWhere can we dancesome (salsa)? (salsa) chum chulsu innun-got issoyo?Do you want to go to anorae-bang? (see page 113) noraebang kashillaeyo?Do you have to pay to enter? ipchangnyo issoyo?No, its free. anio, muryo-eyoYes, its ... ne, ...wonieyo Ml, ...This place is great. yogi nomu choundeyo 0^ 71 LIm having a great time. nomu chaemi issoyoI dont like the music here. yogi umagi maume anduneyoShall we go somewhere else? tarun gosuro kalkkayo?

120. 118 Arranging to Meet ARRANGING TO MEET In Korea, its rare to pick someone up at their home. Instead, the two parties will arrange to meet at a well-known location near the place they plan to visit. Because of long subway or bus commutes to get back home, its customary not to stay out too late (eg, past 10 pm). What time shall we meet? myoshie mannalkkayo? Where will we meet? odiso mannalkkayo? Lets meet at (eight oclock) at {name of place}. (yodolshi)e {...}eso (_(*| id a| )o {... }o A- mannayo Agreed/OK. kuroke haeyo Ill pick you up at (nine). (ahopshi)e teriro olkkeyo See you later/tomorrow. ittaga/naeil poeyo Sorry Im late. nujoso choesong haeyo DATING & ROMANCE t||O| ea|- Korea is a conservative country where different standards for the mens and womens behaviour still apply. A womans reputation is often closely guarded whereas men have considerably more freedom. Casual sex is not common in Korea, and excessive talk about sex is considered offensive by many people.

121. Dating & Romance 119The DateWould you like ... mannasoto go see a movie ydnghwaradoor something ...? kachi polkkayo? f|77r.2.? tomorrow naeil tonight onulbam at the weekend chumareYes. (Id love to.) ne Ml.Im afraid Im busy. choesong hande, nomu pappasoyoWhere would you like to go? odi kago shipuseyo?Can I see you again? onje do polsu issulkkayo?

122. 120 Dating & Romance Classic Rejections Im sorry but Id rather not. choesong-hande, an-doel-got kanneyo Im here with my boyfriend/girlfriend. namjachin-gurang/ yojachin-gurang kachi wassoyo Stop hassling me. kumanhaseyo Excuse me, I have to go now. choesong hande, chigiim odi kabwaya dwaeyo Im not interested. kwanshim opsoyo

123. FAMILYFamily cohesion is important in Korea, with most young peopleliving at home long after they would have moved out in Westerncountries. Living with ones parents until marriage is the norm.Although many senior citizens now prefer to remain livingindependently, three-generation families are very common, asthe oldest son and especially his wife end up caring for theelderly parents.QUESTIONS & ANSWERSAre you married? kyolhon hashossoyo?Im ... chonun ... divorced ihon haessoyo o|s.5jjcHS. married kyolhon haessoyo separated pyolgojungieyo g7H#0|0||S single mihonieyo |^0|0||SHow many children do you have? chanyoga mydnmydng-iseyo?I dont have any children. chanyoga opsoyoI have a daughter/son. dal/adul hanmyong issoyo FAMILY TIES Marriage prospects among Koreans are limited by the fact that, in traditional Confucian culture, its considered incestuous to marry someone with the same surname. Given that there are only a few hundred surnames in Korea and over 20% of the population uses the surname Kim, and 15% Lee, this certainly limits marriage prospects.

124. 122 Family Members FAMILY MEMBERS 7m Reflecting the importance of family relations, Koreans have very specific words for various relatives. Here are the more common kinship terms: baby agi boy namja-ai brother hyongje children chanyo dad (inf) appa daughter dal family kajok father (pol) abdji father-in-law (speaker is f) shi-aboji (speaker is m) chang-inorun girl yoja-ai grandfather haraboji grandmother halmoni husband nampyon mother omoni mother-in-law (speaker is f) shi-omoni A|CH^U| (speaker is m) changmonim mum/mom omma sister chamae son adul wife anae TALKING WITH PARENTS Korean parents love to dote on their children compliments will be most welcome. When is the baby due? chulsan yejdng-iri onje-eyo? Is this your first child? chot agieyo?

125. Talking with Parents 123How old are your children? chanyodure naiga o| ottoke dwaeyo?Does he/she attend school? hakkyo tanyoyo?Do you have grandchildren? sonju issuseyo?Whats the babys name? agi irumi mwo-eyo? o|#o|Is it a girl or a boy? darieyo, adurieyo?Hes/Shes very big forhis/her age. naie pihae kuneyo L-rO|O||What a cute child. nomu kwiyoundeyoHe/She looks like you. taJmannundeyo IF IT LOOKS LIKE A DUCK Although many Koreans will give themselves an English moniker when learning the language, their use doesnt usually extend to formal settings. Nevertheless many Koreans try to make Korean names easier for foreigners to read or pronounce, sometimes by manipulating the spelling. When a syllable in someones name sounds like a word in English, he or she may be tempted to use that words spelling in his or her name. So a person named songddk (^ej) might be tempted to spell his name Sung-Duck, and yongju (^^) might be tempted to write her name as Young-Jew. Its possible to see members of the won (!), yu (#) and pak or park (both are ^1) clans writing their surname as One, You and Bach.

126. 124 Talking with Children TALKING WITH CHILDREN o|-o|#4 Small children who are just beginning to learn English are often delighted to show off their command of Hello! and How are you?. You should expect that some children will be very shy about talking with a non-Korean. Note that the form of speech used in the phrases below is specifically for talking to children; using these verb endings when talking to an adult may cause offence. Whats your name? irumi mwoya? 01 # 01 How old are you? How many siblings do you have? hydngjega myonmyong-iya? How old are they? myossarinde? Do you go to school or kindergarten? hakkyo tanyo, yuchiwon tanyo? Is your teacher nice? sonsaengnim choa? or? Do you like school? hakkyo taninun-got chonni? Do you learn English? ydng-6 paeuni? We speak a different language in my country so I dont understand you very well. urinara-esonun yong-6 ssugittaemune, nan 71 mi sou t[ hangungmal dial motae

127. INTERESTS & ACTIVITIESINTERESTS & ACTIVITIES ^One of the questions youll almost certainly be asked by Koreansyou first meet is What are your hobbies?. Koreans are keen onjoining hobby-oriented clubs, especially at school. Clubs may rangefrom hiking and sports to language study. Going to your Koreanfriends English study group is a great way to meet other Koreans.COMMON INTERESTS& HOBBIESWTiat are your hobbies? chwimiga mwd-eyo? ^|D17 [Do you like ...? ...rul/ul choahaseyo? ,I like ... ...rul/ul choahaeyoI dont like... ...rul/ul shirohaeyo art misul cooking yori hanun-got dancing chum chunun-got films yonghwa gardening chong-wonil hiking tungsan music umak photography sajin playing sport undong hanun-got fe 3d reading tokso shopping shopping talking iyagi hanun-got the theatre yon-guk travelling yohaeng watching TV tellebijdn ponun-got writing kul ssugi

128. I 26 Types of Sport TYPES OF SPORT ^i* S# Korea is a place where both indigenous and Western sports enjoy immense popularity. Koreans have embraced Western sports such as soccer, skiing, swimming, basketball, baseball and golf. Accordingly, when it comes to sports vocabulary, Korea tends to hangulise English terms: a strike is a siituraiku (B| ), and a goal is a gol (#). What sport do you [play? musun undong haseyo? -t- -irl1 shi a? I play/practise/do .. . chonun ...rul/ul * haeyo ^H aerobics eorobik archery yanggung athletics yuksang baseball yagu off basketball nonggu cycling ssaikul football (soccer) chukku ^^L (ice) hockey (aisu) haki karate karade kendo komdo ^ (Japanese fencing) kung fu kunghu ^^ martial arts musui ?# meditation myongsang skiing suki .3 swimming suyong taebo taebo E(jM taekwondo taekwondo Tai Chi taegukkwon El)^5! tennis tenisii E-)|L-|^ volleyball paegu "Hni1 yoga yoga 2.7(-

129. Talking about Sport [ 127TALKINGABOUT SPORT oopt[yDo you like sport? undong choahaseyo?I like watching it. poniin-gosun choahaeyoWhat sports do you follow? otton undong-e kwanshimi issiiseyo?I follow... ...e kwanshimi issoyo ...oilWhats your favourite team? onii tirnul cheil choahaseyo?Whos your cheil choahanunfavourite ...? ...ga/i nugueyo? player sdnsu sportsperson undong sdnsu TAEKWONDO Together with ssirum HH), a traditional form of wrestling, faekwondo (EH ^S.) is one of the two representative sports of Korea. Taekwondo is a version of unarmed combat designed for the purpose of self-defense that has been taught for hundreds of years in Korean military academies. Nowadays its studied by men and women all over the world for exercise, mental well-being, and personal safety, and it has become an Olympic sport. It makes scientific use of the body to promote mental and physical conditioning, and like other martial arts, its a discipline that promotes character as much as physical capabilities.

130. I 28 Going to the Match GOING TO THE MATCH Koreas national and municipal stadiums are generally easily accessed by public transport, especially the subway system. Some sporting events also take place on college campuses. Koreans go to matches to have fun, and they get caught up in the chants and songs as much as the game itself. Even when two teams are long-time rivals, theres hardly ever any violence. Would you like to go to a match? kyonggi boro kalkkayo? =l 71 -& Wheres it being held? odiso hanundeyo? CH *-! M 1 How much are the tickets? pyoga olma-eyo? What time does it start? onje shijak haeyo? Whos playing? nuga kyonggi haeyo? Who do you think will win? nuga igilgot katayo? Who are you supporting? nugu pyoniseyo? Im supporting ... chon ... pyonieyo Whos winning? nuga igigo issoyo? Whats the score? chomsuga ottoke dwaeyo? How much time is left? shigani olmana namassoyo? referee shimpan seat chwasok/chari ticket pyo/tiket ticket office maepyoso

131. Soccer 129 THEY MAY SAY cho sonsu shillyogi choayo Hes/Shes good. cho sonsu shillyogi pyolloneyo Hes/Shes no good. taedan-han ... (i)neyo! What a ...! gol goal hitu hit paesu pass shut shot chongmal chal hanundeyo! What a great performance! chongmal koengjanghan kyonggi yossdyo! That was a really good game! nomu chiru haeyo! What a boring game!SOCCERThe 2002 Korea-Japan World Cup has spurred a tremendousamount of interest in soccer. Korea has long had one of the bestnational teams in Asia, and matches against other countries particularly against rival Japan - are major television events.Do you follow soccer? chukkue kwanshim issuseyo?Whos at the top of the league? onii timi songjdgi cheil choayo?Who plays for (the Tigers)? (taigoju)e otton sonsuga issoyo?My favourite player is ... chonun... sonsurul cheil choahaeyo

132. He played brilliantly in thematch against (Japan). (ilbon) daehang kyonggieso chongmal chal haessoyo IT Scha.coach kochicorner konocup kopfan(s) paen(dul)free kick puri kikfoul paulgoal gol/goringoalkeeper golkipokick off kigopuleague rigu; kyonggi-yonmaengmanager maenijooffside opusaidupenalty polchom/penoltiplayer sonsuto score chomsu naeyoto shoot goriil chayo i but many people dont realise that there are hundreds of varieties besides the usual pickled cabbage fuelled with ground red pepper. You can also find kimchi made from cucumbers, radishes and just about any other vegetable imaginable. For the less adventurous, there are also non-spicy types. Traditionally, kimchl-making was a way to preserve vegetables to ensure proper nutrition during harsh winters, but its now eaten year-round to add zest to any meal. Many Koreans - and foreigners living in Korea - find themselves addicted to the stuff!

161. Snacks 159SNACKSIn large cities, youll find outdoor stands selling cheap, freshlymade snacks. Many pavement stands offer light meals as well,with enclosed seating (heated in winter) to stay out of the elements a great place to run to when youre caught in the rain. brown-sugar-filled pancake pung-oppang p fish-shaped cake with sweet red bean filling kyeranppang small cake with egg inside twigim li tempura (deep-fried vegetables, seafood, etc) dokpokki rice cakes cooked in red pepper paste sundae &H Korean-style stuffed sausage

162. 160 Vegetarian & Special Meals VEGETARIAN & *H | ^a| 2.[ Sr> #aj SPECIAL MEALS Despite its Buddhist influence, Korea is not an easy place for vegetarians or vegans. While its easy to find food that doesntq contain beef, pork, poultry, eggs or even dairy products, itsO harder to track down meals with absolutely no seafood. The2 concept of kosher is not familiar. Im vegetarian. chon chaeshikchu-iiija-eyo I dont eat meat. chon kogirul anmogoyo I dont eat chicken, fish or ham. chon takkogi, saengson, haemul anmogoyo I cant eat dairy products. chon yujepumul anmogoyo Do you have any vegetarian dishes? kogi andurogan umshik Does this dish have meat? i umshige kogiga 01 durogayo? ~~ Can I get this without meat? kogi baego haejushilsu issoyo? Does it contain eggs? kyerani durogayo? Im allergic to (peanuts). chon (dangkong)e S alleriigiga issoyo 9^ Is there a kosher restaurant here? chuwie yutaeinshik shiktang issoyo? Is this organic? igot yugi nongbobiiro chaebae doeossoyo?

163. Eating Out 161EATING OUT ^1^1^IEating out in Korea can be done on any budget. Small family-runrestaurants offer full meals, including side dishes, called panchan(}]), for just a few dollars. Fast-food restaurants are also affordable. Formal dining in foreign restaurant chains has become verypopular, with many such establishments offering set menus. Foreign chains usually offer English-language menus and atleast one server will speak English. Korean chains often havemenus with photographs, or freakishly realistic models of thefood they serve, located in the window. DINING DECORUM Korean restaurants often have seats available on the floor or at a table. The floor seating will be on a slightly elevated section of the restaurant, and you must take your shoes off to go in there. Lower-priced restaurants are often light on service, especially when it gets busy. Customers often pour their own water and get out their own cutlery. If you end up in the seat closest to the container with the spoons and the chopsticks, you should make sure to hand a set to every person at your table. When passing food or drinks around the table, offer food with both hands for politeness. This is especially true When pouring someone alcohol. When drinking, mtike sure to fill up the glasses of the people next 1a you - with two hands, of course - when ihey get empty. jA table for (five), please. (tasonmyong) chari juseyoCould you recommend something? mwo chuchon haejushillaeyo?Wed like non-smoking/smoking, please. kumydnsoguro/hubyonsoguro juseyo

164. 162 Eating Out May we see the menu? menyu chom katta jushillaeyo? Ill have what theyre having. chobundiirirang katun menyuro juseyo Whats in this dish? i umshige mwoga diirdssoyo? Is this dish spicy? i finishing maewoyo? Can you make it less spicy? tol maepke haejushilsu issoyo? Id like some more of this side dish. ibanchan chom to jushilsu o| issoyo? Do you have an English menu? yong-oro doen menyu issoyo? No ice in my drink, please. orum opshi juseyo DUTCH TREAT ^fi6h p^ing opt lor q meal or drjhks; traditibna% ih^ ^Icjer or highef-placed friencj or colleague vyjayla typically pay, although the others v^oOtcl go through the. motions of fighting for the chance to pay the tab. Generally, the person planning to pqy would also choose the restaurant Nowadays, Agoing Dutch has: .become the norm among the younger generation/ although a small group of friends that meets regularly may take turns paying for meals. "<

165. ^^^B Eating Out [[ 163Please bringa/an/some ... katta jushillaeyo? iW ^4! &H 2.? ashtray chaettori *HSO| bill kyesanso 7i}A| chopsticks chokkarak ^J 7 [^ i cup kop g I fork poku 13 j ^ glass of water mul M (with/ (drum opshi; (^-s- ftlOll ^H without ice) 6rumn6-6s6) ^^ ^OjA-)) ^ knife naipii ur0|H plate chopshi ^ A| spoon sukkarak ^^r^" toothpicks issushigae 01 ^ A17 Hfresh shinsonhan !!!salty tchan ^spicy mae-un H -g-stale/spoiled shingshinghaji motan cJ-c!or7:| -g-sj-sweet tan El- Food is ordered in servings, especially with dishes consisting mostly of meat. serving for one irinbun servings for two i-inbun servings for three saminbun servings for four sa-inbun servings for five o-inbun

166. 164 Typical Korean Dishes TYPICAL KOREAN DISHES cfl&* ] %M# Korean food is heavy on rice and vegetables and light on meat. A lot of foods are very spicy, but plenty of them are mild as well. If youre open-minded, youll find plenty of Korean cuisine you cant do without. Meat Dishes kalbi IN I pork or beef ribs; the classic Korean barbecue. Its prepared in front of you and comes with rice and vegetables. Its often eaten by wrapping rice and a piece of rib meat in lettuce. kalbitchim U*IS steamed ribs; a little on the expensive side, but tasty pulgogi %eJL7 marinated barbecued beef; cooked on a burner in front of you. A favourite food when people go out to drink. samgyopsal ^ # fried pork slices; thinly cut and fried in front of you, it comes with rice and vegetables. A good meal when drinking soju, but not for fighting heart disease. sanjdk #3 Korean-style shish kebab; marinated meat on a skewer sogalbi &* beef ribs (see kalbi) twaeji-galbi SWIM pork ribs (see kalbi) Soups & Stews kongnamulguk H bean sprout soup; a very light soup with yellow Korean bean sprouts kalbitang beef rib soup (see kalbi) kimchi tchigae [ kimchi stew; Koreas version of bachelor food, this easy-to- make dish is basically a mixture of kimchi and whatever else you have lying around mae-untang dHtt^ spicy fish soup; its name literally means spicy soup

167. Typical Korean Dishes I 165 manduguk stuffed dumpling soup (see mandu in Light Meals, page 166) miyokkuk n|R seaweed soup; a favourite morning starter in many Korean homes. You also eat this on your birthday. I samgyetang boiled chicken stuffed with ginseng; Koreans eat this as a way to boost energy. It often comes with a shot of ginseng wine oni the side. ; sollongfang beef and noodles in hot beef-bone broth; a favourite lunch, thats filling but not heavy sundubu tSt-t-t- spicy tofu stew; brought to your table still boiling in the pot it; was cooked in, it contains a hearty mix of soft tofu, egg, and small shellfish, with a side dish of rice tangsuyuk Ut1^ sweet and sour pork; if youve never heard of this, we cant toenjang tchigae miso stew; to6njangk (! h) is similar to Japans miso sauce,^^gxcept a little more pjmgent