korea s experience building intellectual property awareness and economic development won-kil yoon...
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Korea’s Experience Building Intellectual Property Awareness
and Economic Development
Won-Kil Yoon
Director
Technical Cooperation Division
Korean Intellectual Property Office
Cairo, March 18, 2010Cairo, March 18, 2010
Contents
Major Policies of KIPO and its Role in the Economic Development of Korea
Development of IP System in Korea
Korea’s Economic Development
Conclusion
Korea in brief
Republic of Korea (ROK) – The Land of Morning Calm
※ North Korea – Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK)
★ Land: the eastern end of the Asian continent
• 1000km long and 216km wide
• Population : 48.6 million(2008)
• Capital : Seoul
★ Language: Korean + ‘ 한글★ National flag: Taegeukgi
★ National flower: Mugunghwa (Rose of Sharon)
★ Religion: Buddhist (23.2%), Protestant (19.5%),
Roman Catholic (6.6%), others
★ Olympic(1988, Seoul), World Cup(2002)
More info: www.visitkorea.or.krMore info: www.visitkorea.or.kr
3
Korean Economy: Current Status
IndexNum
(KOR/World)Unit Rank
Ratio
Trade Volume (2007) 728,335728,335/28,012,600
Million USD 11th 2.6%
Export (2007) 371,489371,489/13,898,600
Million USD 11th 2.7%
GDP (2007) 969.9969.9/54,347 Billion USD 13th 1.8%
Primary Energy Consumption (2006) 225.8225.8/10,878.5 1 Million TOE 10th 2.1%
Electricity Production(2006) 402402/18,930 TWh 10th 2.1%
Science and TechnologyCapacity (2008)
11.24 OECD index 12thNumber of Patent
Applications (2007)174,896/1,854,41
6No. 4th 9.4
%
World Ranking: About 11th, World share: 2%- GDP, Energy consumption, Trade scale… (Source: World Bank’s World Development Indicator 2009)
World’s 4th in terms of Number of IPR applications
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Korea’s Economic Development (1)
$20,045 in 200713th largest in the world
5-Year Economic Development Plan
<GNP Per Capita Growth Trend >
6,742
FinancialCrisis
Around 8%
Above 10%
10,307
Miracle on the Han River
5
Korea’s Economic Development (2)
• The Korean War (1950-1953) : Destruction of industrial faculties• GNP Per Capita : $87 • High population density, lack of natural resources
• GNI Per Capita in 1970: $282 (113th in the world), Kenya $215, Zimbabwe $285, North Korea $436
• Small domestic market, weak technology foundation
• The Korean War (1950-1953) : Destruction of industrial faculties• GNP Per Capita : $87 • High population density, lack of natural resources
• GNI Per Capita in 1970: $282 (113th in the world), Kenya $215, Zimbabwe $285, North Korea $436
• Small domestic market, weak technology foundation
1961: One of the Poorest Countries in the World1961: One of the Poorest Countries in the World
• After 1970, average annual economic growth rate: 12.2% • Major success factors
- Government’s will and planning, diligence and entrepreneurship of people, Social atmosphere respecting science, technology, and invention
In 1970, the 5-year Economic Development Plan started yielding desired results
1970: Start of Economic Development1970: Start of Economic Development
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Farming population: 60% of the total population
Supply of resources almost wholly dependent on foreign aid.
1960s
• Export-oriented economy
1970s
• Promotion of labor-intensive industries (Textile, Shoes, Plywood)
1980s ~
• Heavy and chemical industries (Cars, Ships, Steel, Oil, Chemical)
• Systematic promotion of science and technology
Before the 1960sBefore the 1960s
1960s and beyond1960s and beyond
Korea’s Economic Development (3)
7
1980s
• Implementation of National R&Ds, such as TDX; and establishment of
more private research centers
1990s
• Fostering of the IT industry, such as semiconductor and communication
equipment manufacturing
1980s
• Implementation of National R&Ds, such as TDX; and establishment of
more private research centers
1990s
• Fostering of the IT industry, such as semiconductor and communication
equipment manufacturing
1960s
• 1966: Establishment of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology
(KIST)
• 1967: Establishment of the Ministry of Science and Technology
1970s
• Construction of the Daedeok Research Complex, which is the center of
science and technology research, a specialized cluster for R&D
1960s
• 1966: Establishment of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology
(KIST)
• 1967: Establishment of the Ministry of Science and Technology
1970s
• Construction of the Daedeok Research Complex, which is the center of
science and technology research, a specialized cluster for R&D
Laying the foundation for science and technology development
8
The Korean Economy: past and present (1/2)
9
- Opening Markets- Restructuring Industry Sectors
2008
Services
Agriculture-Fisheries
Manufacturing
1960
Manufacturing
Agriculture-Fisheries
Services
The Korean Economy: past and present (2/2)
Changes in Industrial Structure
10
LG Electronics, Samsung Electronics
22.3 (1)Air-conditioners
Samsung Electronics, LG Electronics.
14.3 (1)Refrigerators
Hyundai Heavy Industries,Doosan Engine Co.,STX Heavy Industries
59.6 (1)Large diesel engines for ships
Hyundai Heavy Industries, Samsung Heavy Industries, Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co.
80.0 (1)LNG carriers
Hyundai-Kia Motors, GM Daewoo
9.8 (4)Automobiles
Samsung Electronics, LG.Philips LCD 46.5 (1)TFT-LCDs
Samsung Electronics,Hynix Semiconductor
49 (1)Semiconductors
CompanyWorld market share% (Rank)
Product
Petrochemical products
LG Chem, SK 45 (1)
Industrial Power of Korea: some facts…
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ⅡⅡ Development of IP System in Korea
History of IP Administration (1)
1961
• Enactment of Modern IPR laws and regulations
• Patent, utility model, trademark, industrial design
1980s
• Supplementary IPR laws and regulations to meet international
standards
1990s
• Development of automated IP administration system
• Large increase in the strategic utilization of IPR
2000 ~
• Expanding International cooperation on IPR
• Enhanced IPR enforcement
1961
• Enactment of Modern IPR laws and regulations
• Patent, utility model, trademark, industrial design
1980s
• Supplementary IPR laws and regulations to meet international
standards
1990s
• Development of automated IP administration system
• Large increase in the strategic utilization of IPR
2000 ~
• Expanding International cooperation on IPR
• Enhanced IPR enforcement13
History of KIPOHistory of IP Administration (2)
1908: Enactment of the Patent Decree
1977: Establishment of KIPO as an independent office under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry
1998: KIPO moved its headquarters from Seoul to Daejeon
2006: KIPO was transformed into an enterprise-style, performance-based government agency
1949: Establishment of the Patent Bureau under
the Ministry of Commerce and Industry
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Director General for Planning
and Coordination
IndustrialProperty Policy
Bureau
InformationPolicyBureau
CustomerSupportBureau
Trademark and Design
Examination Bureau
Machinery, Metalsand Construction
Examination Bureau
Chemistry andBiotechnologyExamination
Bureau
Electric andElectronic
ExaminationBureau
Audit and Inspection Officer
Spokesperson
International IntellectualProperty Training Institute
Intellectual Property Tribunal
Seoul Branch Office
Commissioner
Human Resource Development Division/ General Service Division
Spokesperson
Examination Quality Assurance Officer
Information andCommunications
ExaminationBureau
Commissioner
Deputy CommissionerInternational IntellectualProperty Training Institute
Seoul Branch Office
Organization of KIPO
15
KIPO Personnel
Regular staff: 1,548(‘10.2)
Examiners :838
- 712 for patents and utility models
- 126 for trademarks and industrial designs
※ 392 have PhDs in various technical fields.(36.3%)
Trial examiners: 148
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Korean IP Applications
Designs 6,018 10,394 18,731 20,097 29,859 36,867 51,039 56,296
Trademarks 11,037 15,755 28,031 46,612 85,062 107,137 122,384 127,139
Utility Models
8,373 9,064 22,401 25,895 68,822 40,804 32,908 17,226
Patents 3,261 5,303 12,759 28,132 90,326 104,612 166,189 167,904
Total 28,689 40,516 81,922 120,736 274,069 289,420 372,520 368,565 17
PCT Applications & Requests for PCT International Search
Number of PCT applicationsNumber of requests for PCT international search
18
Based on the number of registrations at each office
Based on the number of registrations at each office Based on the nationality of patent holdersBased on the nationality of patent holders
[Source: WIPO World Patent Indicator, 2009)[Source: WIPO World Patent Indicator, 2009)
Number of valid patents by nation (2007)
19
Ranking Top 3rd in the World!
Statistical Overview
World’s 4th in Number of IPR applications
Number of requests for PCT International Search
World’s 4th in Number of applications under the Patent Cooperation Treaty
Number of patentsin force per 100,000 inhabitants
20
Relationship between IPR applications & economic growth (1)
• Advancement in Technology Increase in patent applications
• 1% Increase in patent applications 0.11% economic growth
• Rate of increase in patent applications is closely related to
economic growth
rate increase.
• Advancement in Technology Increase in patent applications
• 1% Increase in patent applications 0.11% economic growth
• Rate of increase in patent applications is closely related to
economic growth
rate increase.
Report of the Korea Development Institute (KDI)Report of the Korea Development Institute (KDI)
21
IPR competency in ranking top 4th Korea’s Economic Advancement
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000`
250,000
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2008
Nu
mb
er
of
ap
plic
atio
ns
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
GD
P (
bill
ion
do
llars
)
No. of applicationsGDP of Korea
Synchronization between No. of applications and economic growthSynchronization between No. of applications and economic growth
Relationship between IPR applications & economic growth (2)
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ⅢⅢMajor Policies of KIPO and its Role in the Economic Development of Korea
Intellectual
property
Neo-IPRs
Patents (including plant varieties)
Utility models
Industrial designs
Trademarks
: Korean Intellectual Property Office : Ministry of Culture and Tourism
Industrial
property
Copyright
Computer programs
Layout Designs of SemiconductorIntegrated CircuitsDesign layout of semiconductorintegrated circuits
Prevention of unfair competition
Protection of trade secrets
Traditional knowledge
Geographical indicators
IP Administration in Korea
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Overview of KIPO’s IPR Policies
3. Raising IP experts 4. Protection of IPR2. Creation and utilization
of strong patents
• IP capacity building for SMEs and
Universities
• Timely support in technology
development and commercialization
• Raising IP specialists in SMEs
• Raising student and women inventors
• Seizing counterfeit goods
• Enhanced IP Protection Awareness
1. Building IP Awareness
Providing IP information services (KIPRIS)
Providing training opportunities in IP
Upgrading industry competence by IPRUpgrading industry competence by IPRUpgrading industry competence by IPRUpgrading industry competence by IPR
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KIPOnet: Brief Introduction
Paperless and fully computerized IPR systemConsists of 48 subsystems
KIPOnet is a fully integrated IP automation system. It handles applications and various aspects of internal administration on all kinds of IPRs
KIPOnet is a fully integrated IP automation system. It handles applications and various aspects of internal administration on all kinds of IPRs
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Korea has one of the highest e-filing rates in the world
It was the world’s first Internet-based e-filing system for patent applications.
An IP automation plan was established in 1995.
The development phase lasted three years.
200200
77 100
80
60
40
USA EU Republic of Korea Japan
32%32%49%49%
97%97%97%97%
%
Launch of the KIPOnet
27
Major Features of KIPOnet System
28
Work-at-Home SystemWork-at-Home System Work-at-Home SystemWork-at-Home System 24X7 Non-Stop Service24X7 Non-Stop Service24X7 Non-Stop Service24X7 Non-Stop Service
1. Quality-focused Examinations1. Quality-focused Examinations
Quantity QualityQuantity Quality Paradigm Shift:
Change in corporate IP strategy
The focus is on strong, high-quality IPRs rather than the quantity of
applications.
Policy Direction on IPR (1/5)
Transforming into an IP nation in the 21st century.
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2. EXCEL (EXamination exCELlence) Plan2. EXCEL (EXamination exCELlence) Plan
Measures to optimize the examination infrastructure
Putting emphasis on vigorous search of non-patent literature
Improving the automatic machine translation system
Measures to enhance examination quality Implementing an individual self-diagnostic system for examination quality
Establishing new examination divisions dedicated to newly emerging integrated technologies
Measures to maximize efficiency in examination qualitymanagement
Systemizing standard operating procedures for searches and examinations in each examination bureau
Implementing a Responsible Management System, where director generals and directors take full responsibility for the quality of the examination results of their
respective bureaus and divisions.
Policy Direction on IPR (2/5)
30
3. Customer-tailored Patent Examination System3. Customer-tailored Patent Examination System
Three-track Examination System
Accelerated Examination: Within 3 months of the date of the request for examination
Customer-deferred Examination: Within 3 months of the date specified by the customer
Customer-tailored patent examination system
AE
CE
RE
- Customers can choose an accelerated track, a regular track or a customer-deferred track.
Accelerated Examination
Regular Examination
Customer-deferredExamination
Policy Direction on IPR (3/5)
31
4. International Cooperation under the new IP5 Framework4. International Cooperation under the new IP5 Framework
Work-Sharing among the IP5 offices
Work-sharing: a way of tackling examination backlogs
Policy Direction on IPR (4/5)
Bilateral cooperation and the PPH
•Support for SMEs, * Cooperation on IPR education,
•Establishing experts meetings * Exchange of staff and examiners,
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5. Developing country support using IP5. Developing country support using IP
Policy Direction on IPR (5/5)
Cooperating with WIPO based on Korea Funds-in-Trust Establishment of the Korea Funds-in-Trust at WIPO(2004) -To support developing and low income countries in strengthening their IP capacity
About 2 Million USD has been spent in 22 fields
Practical support through educational programs on the use of IPR, technology transfer
IP-based support programs
Objectives: To help local communities increase their income through the utilization of IP
To provide technological solutions to the basic necessities of life
One Village One Brand
Objectives: To increase product sales volume through the creation of brands
Pilot project (2008): designing a brand and securing a trademark for East Timor coffee
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Conclusion
① Quality focused Examinations and International cooperation ① Quality focused Examinations and International cooperation
② Creation and promotion of strong IPRs② Creation and promotion of strong IPRs
③ Advancing domestic and foreign protection of IPRs③ Advancing domestic and foreign protection of IPRs
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Thank you شكرا جزيال
Won-Kil YOONDirector, Technical Cooperation
DivisionKorean Intellectual Property Office
(KIPO)Tel. +82 (42) 481-8254Fax. +82 (42) 472-9313
E-mail: [email protected]