Kondicionalne rečeniceKondicionalne rečeniceCONDITIONALS (TYPE 1, 2 AND 3)

Kondicionalne rečeniceKondicionalne rečeniceSu složene rečenice koje koristimo

da bi govorili o situacijama koje su moguće u sadašnjosti ili budućnosti (Tip 1), o zamišljenim situacijama u sadašnjosti ili budućnosti (Tip2) ili o zamišljenim situacijama u prošlosti (Tip 3).

Sastoje se iz dve proste rečenice od kojih jedna izražava uslov, a druga rezultat.

Conditional Type 1Conditional Type 1If + present simple / will + inf.Lisa has lost her watch. Sue tells her:

“If I find it, I’ll let you know.”If rečenica uvek izražava uslov (“ako

ga nađem”), a druga rezultat (“javiću ti”).

Tip 1 izražava situaciju koja je realna, moguća u sadašnjosti ili budućnosti.

Na srpski se prevodi kao:Ako+ prezent / futurAko ga nađem, javiću ti.

PrimeriPrimeriIf we invite Bill to the party, we

___________ (have to invite) his friends too.

If I catch the early bus, I ___________ (not be late) for the exam.

If I see Kate today, I _____________ (tell) her the good news.

Conditional Type 2Conditional Type 2If + past simple / would + inf.If I found a wallet in the street, I would

take it to the police station.Tip 2 izražava situaciju koja nije realna:

ovde se samo zamišlja uslov i rezultat, ne očekuje se da se to i desi.

Iako koristimo prošlo vreme, ne govorimo o prošlosti, već o zamišljenoj situaciji u sadašnjosti ili budućnosti.

Srpski: Kad bi / potencijal (bih, bi) ili Da + prezent / potencijal

Kad bih našao novčanik na ulici, odneo bih ga u policiju.

Da nađem novčanik na ulici,...

PrimeriPrimeriIf there __________ (be) an election

tomorrow, who would you vote for?They would be offended if I

____________ (not go) to their party.If they offered me the job, I

_____________ (take) it.If we caught the 10.30 bus, we

______________ (arrive) too early.

U if rečenici uvek koristimo past simple. U drugoj rečenici, umesto would, moguće je upotrebiti might/could.

If you took more exercise, you would feel better (=I’m sure of it.)

If you took more exercise, you might feel better. (=it’s possible that you would feel better.)

If it stopped raining, we would go out.If it stopped raining, we could go out.

(=we would be able to)

Type 2 (nastavak)Type 2 (nastavak)Često je nerealna situacija koja se

zamišlja, suprotna od stvarne.Sarah wants to phone Polly, but

she can’t do this, because she doesn’t know her number. She says: “If I knew her number, I would phone him.”

U stvarnosti, ona ne zna broj telefona. Ovaj kondicional odnosi se na sadašnjost.

PrimeriPrimeriTom would read more if he had

more time. (= but he doesn’t have more time.)

We wouldn’t have any money if we didn’t work. (=but we work.)

If I didn’t want to go to the party, I wouldn’t go (= but I want to go.)

It would be useful if you could drive. (= but you can’t.)

I wish I knewI wish I knewI wish (“želeo/la bih”) je izraz koji

izražava žaljenje govornika što situacija u sadašnjosti nije onakva kakvu bi želeli.

I wish I knew his phone number. (= I don’t know it and I regret this.)

It’s raining! I wish I had an umbrella.Iako se iza I wish koristi past simple,

zapravo se govori o sadašnjosti:Pada kiša! Želela bih / Bar da imam

kišobran.

PrimeriPrimeriDo you ever wish you could fly? (Da

li nekad poželiš da umeš da letiš?)It rains a lot here. I wish it didn’t

rain so often. (Ovde često pada kiša. Bar da ne pada tako često.)

I wish I didn’t have to work tomorrow, but unfortunately I do. (Bar da ne moram da radim sutra, ali nažalost moram.)

I wish I had something to read. (Bar da imam nešto da čitam.)

If I were / if I wasIf I were / if I wasPosle if i wish, može se koristiti

were (past tense od glagola to be) u svim licima. Tako se može reći:

If I were you, I wouldn’t buy that coat. Ili If I was you...

I would go out if it weren’t so cold. Ili if it wasn’t...

I wish Carol were here. Ili Carol was here.

Conditional TConditional Type 3ype 3If + Past Perfect / would have + past

participleIf the road had not been icy, the

accident would not have happened.Za razliku od kondicionala 2,

kondicional 3 odnosi se na prošlost, tj. na zamišljenu, nerealnu situaciju u prošlosti.

I didn’t see you when you passed me in the street. (realna situacija u prošlosti). If I had seen you, I would have said hello. (nerealna)

Uporedi:I’m not hungry. If I was hungry, I

would eat something. (sada)I wasn’t hungry. If I had been

hungry, I would have eaten something. (u prošlosti)

Srpski: Da + perfekt / potencijal2: Nisam gladna. Da jesam, pojela

bih nešto.3: Nisam bila gladna. Da sam bila, pojela bih nešto.

Past Perfect se koristi iza I wish na isti način:

I wish something had happened = I’m sorry that it didn’t happen.

I wish I’d known Gary was ill. I would have gone to see him. (Bar da sam znala da je Gari bolestan. Otišla bih da ga posetim.)

I feel sick. I wish I hadn’t eaten so much cake.

NapomeneNapomeneUmesto would have, možemo

koristiti i could/might have:If the weather hadn’t been so

bad, we would have gone out.... we might have gone out.

(perhaps we would have gone out.)

... we could have gone out. (we would have been able to go out.)

PrimeriPrimeriSkraćeni oblik i za would i za had glasi ‘d:

If I’d seen you, I’d have said hello.I decided to stay home last night. I’d

have gone out if I hadn’t been so tired.If he’d been looking where he was

going, he wouldn’t have walked into the wall.

The view was wonderful. If I’d had a camera with me, I’d have taken some photographs.