Knoxville External Video Survey:Background & Status Report

Tennessee Model Users Group Meeting

October 24, 2007

Why conduct the survey ?

Background: Why conduct the survey? Why a video camera license plate matching method?

Knoxville Survey Specifics Station Locations Volumes Date / Time Cameras Data entry Database Matching Program Reports – Stay tuned !

Why conduct the survey ?

Background: Why conduct the survey? Why a video camera license plate matching method?

Knoxville Survey Specifics Station Locations Volumes Date / Time Cameras Data entry Database Matching Program Reports – Stay tuned !

Why conduct the survey ?

Preparation for major model update and LRP Significant discrepancy between external flows in the

Statewide Model vs. the Knoxville Regional Model

TDOT Statewide Model vs. KRTDM External Travel Comparison

External Trips of Knoxville Region

ADT

Auto ADT(% of Total ADT)

Truck ADT (% of Total ADT)

Ext-Ext Auto(% of Auto

ADT)

Ext-Ext Truck(% of Truck

ADT)

2000 Knoxville Model 328,571262,575(79.9)

65,996(20.1)

52,698(20.1)

15,864(24.0)

2003 Statewide Model 364,348310,952(85.3)

53,396(14.7)

76,658(24.7)

43,291(81.1)

Order-of-magnitude cordon line volumes more realistic in KRTDM: 323,316 cordon line ADT in 2006.

Considerable more travel through the Knoxville region in the Statewide Model.

Much higher percent of trucks traveling through the Knoxville region in the Statewide Model

External Station Locations

I-75 South

I-40 West

I-75 North

US 11 East

I-81 North

I-40 East

ADT Comparisons by External Stations

9001 I-40 40,830 46,892 42,1909002 Hwy 61 5,320 6,756 5,0909003 HWY 62 6,179 7,404 7,0389004 I-75 42,360 52,234 42,1209005 HWY 116 4,110 1,964 3,9009006 Hwy 33 8,000 7,046 7,3739007 HWY 131 1,650 n/a 1,2909008 US 11 W 5,504 6,777 5,5309009 HWY 375 1,661 n/a 1,6609010 US 11 E 21,059 21,569 21,5309011 Hwy 341 2,214 n/a 2,2449012 Hwy 66 4,189 n/a 4,1029013 I-81 37,200 44,312 33,8029014 US 25E 11,760 10,335 11,0509015 US 25E 7,965 4,472 8,0609016 I-40 29,430 30,463 28,7209017 US 25W 4,450 19,420 3,8909018 US 411 5,170 6,241 6,6349019 HWY 339 1,495 n/a 1,6509020 US 321 7,180 10,566 6,3809021 US 441 7,271 5,585 6,3739022 US 129 896 1,762 1,0229023 US 411 8,821 9,277 13,5299024 Hwy 72 8,410 6,968 5,5109025 US 11 4,046 4,936 3,5379026 I-75 43,180 42,369 40,5329027 HWY 322 1,660 n/a 1,4909028 Hwy 322 656 n/a 6609029 HWY 72 1,585 2,684 1,8609030 US 70 0 0 4,550Total 324,251 350,030 323,316

External

Station

ID

Name2006

AADT

2000 Knoxville

Model

2003 Statewide

Model

KRTDM volumes at external stations generally more accurate than Statewide Model

Total Trip Comparisons by External Station & Vehicle Class

AUTO (O+D) Truck (O+D)2000

Knoxville 2003

Statewide Percent

Difference 2000

Knoxville2003

StatewidePercent

Difference 9001 I-40 31031 37671 21% 9799 9221 -6%9002 Hwy 61 5054 6587 30% 266 169 -36%9003 HWY 62 5994 7388 23% 185 16 -92%9004 I-75 28805 40143 39% 13555 12091 -11%9005 HWY 116 3987 1961 -51% 123 3 -97%9006 Hwy 33 7360 6577 -11% 640 468 -27%9007 HWY 131 1551 0 -100% 99 0 -100%9008 US 11 W 5064 6471 28% 440 306 -30%9009 HWY 375 1561 0 n/a 100 0 n/a9010 US 11 E 20217 21421 6% 842 148 -82%9011 Hwy 341 2126 0 -100% 88 0 -100%9012 Hwy 66 4064 0 -100% 125 0 -100%9013 I-81 26412 35915 36% 10788 8397 -22%9014 US 25E 11172 10180 -9% 588 155 -74%9015 US 25E 7407 4332 -42% 558 140 -75%9016 I-40 18247 21677 19% 11183 8786 -21%9017 US 25W 4272 19391 n/a 178 29 n/a9018 US 411 4757 4795 1% 413 1445 250%9019 HWY 339 1390 0 n/a 105 0 n/a9020 US 321 7036 10566 n/a 144 64 n/a9021 US 441 7125 5513 -23% 146 72 -51%9022 US 129 869 1756 102% 27 6 n/a9023 US 411 7762 9161 18% 1059 116 -89%9024 Hwy 72 7569 6803 -10% 841 165 -80%9025 US 11 3560 4860 37% 486 76 -84%9026 I-75 30226 30900 2% 12954 11469 -11%9027 HWY 322 1627 0 -100% 33 0 -100%9028 Hwy 322 629 0 -100% 27 0 -100%9029 HWY 72 1554 2667 72% 31 18 -43%9030 US 70 4147 14219 243% 173 35 -80%Total 262575 310952 18% 65996 53396 -19%

External

Station

ID

KRTDM: More trucks crossing the cordon line

Statewide: More auto trips crossing the cordon line

At major stations, volumes are in the same “order-of-magnitude”.

External-External (EE) Trip Comparisons by External Stations

EE AUTO (O+D) EE Truck (O+D)Knoxville

ModelStatewide

ModelPercent

Difference 2000

Knoxville Statewide

ModelPercent

Difference 9001 I-40 7014 14116 101% 2692 6085 126%9002 Hwy 61 128 51 -60% 26 4 -85%9003 HWY 62 64 74 16% 12 1 -92%9004 I-75 6022 10453 74% 2790 11251 303%9005 HWY 116 24 26 8% 6 1 -83%9006 Hwy 33 342 1073 214% 80 186 133%9007 HWY 131 8 0 -100% 2 0 -100%9008 US 11 W 32 287 797% 6 168 2700%9009 HWY 375 0 0 n/a 0 0 n/a9010 US 11 E 1022 12 -99% 226 91 -60%9011 Hwy 341 168 0 -100% 40 0 -100%9012 Hwy 66 144 0 -100% 32 0 -100%9013 I-81 8258 17053 107% 3158 7556 139%9014 US 25E 7194 2120 -71% 460 133 -71%9015 US 25E 7194 2120 -71% 460 133 -71%9016 I-40 5128 13103 156% 2330 7217 210%9017 US 25W 0 0 n/a 0 0 n/a9018 US 411 34 26 -24% 8 27 238%9019 HWY 339 0 0 n/a 0 0 n/a9020 US 321 0 0 n/a 0 0 n/a9021 US 441 26 608 2238% 4 40 900%9022 US 129 4 42 950% 0 2 n/a9023 US 411 120 42 -65% 30 36 20%9024 Hwy 72 288 517 80% 66 134 103%9025 US 11 20 122 510% 4 68 1600%9026 I-75 8076 14710 82% 3366 10158 202%9027 HWY 322 622 0 -100% 20 0 -100%9028 Hwy 322 622 0 -100% 20 0 -100%9029 HWY 72 56 103 84% 10 0 -100%9030 US 70 88 0 -100% 16 0 -100%Total 52698 76658 45% 15864 43291 173%

External

Station

ID

By station, the % differences of external trips are high, even at the major stations.

Much of this is due to the larger number of external trips in the Statewide Model across the board.

Percent of External-External (EE) Auto Trips – External Stations

2003 Statewide Model 2000 Knoxville ModelAll External Auto Trips

External-External (EE)

EE Auto Trip Percent

All External Auto Trips

External-External (EE)

EE Auto Trip Percent

9001 I-40 37,671 14,116 37.47% 31,031 7,014 22.60%9002 Hwy 61 6,587 51 0.77% 5,054 128 2.53%9003 HWY 62 7,388 74 1.00% 5,994 64 1.07%9004 I-75 40,143 10,453 26.04% 28,805 6,022 20.91%9005 HWY 116 1,961 26 1.33% 3,987 24 0.60%9006 Hwy 33 6,577 1,073 16.31% 7,360 342 4.65%9007 HWY 131 n/a n/a n/a 1,551 8 0.52%9008 US 11 W 6,471 287 4.44% 5,064 32 0.63%9009 HWY 375 n/a n/a n/a 1,561 0 0.00%9010 US 11 E 21,421 12 0.06% 20,217 1,022 5.06%9011 Hwy 341 n/a n/a n/a 2,126 168 7.90%9012 Hwy 66 n/a n/a n/a 4,064 144 3.54%9013 I-81 35,915 17,053 47.48% 26,412 8,258 31.27%9014 US 25E 10,180 2,120 20.83% 11,172 7,194 64.39%9015 US 25E 4,332 2,120 48.94% 7,407 7,194 97.12%9016 I-40 21,677 13,103 60.45% 18,247 5,128 28.10%9017 US 25W 19,391 n/a n/a 4,272 0 0.00%9018 US 411 4,795 26 0.54% 4,757 34 0.71%9019 HWY 339 n/a n/a n/a 1,390 0 0.00%9020 US 321 10,566 0 0.00% 7,036 0 0.00%9021 US 441 5,513 608 11.03% 7,125 26 0.36%9022 US 129 1,756 42 2.39% 869 4 0.46%9023 US 411 9,161 42 0.46% 7,762 120 1.55%9024 Hwy 72 6,803 517 7.60% 7,569 288 3.80%9025 US 11 4,860 122 2.51% 3,560 20 0.56%9026 I-75 30,900 14,710 47.61% 30,226 8,076 26.72%9027 HWY 322 n/a n/a n/a 1,627 622 38.23%9028 Hwy 322 n/a n/a n/a 629 622 98.89%9029 HWY 72 2,667 103 3.86% 1,554 56 3.60%9030 US 70 14,219 0 0.00% 4,147 88 2.12%Total 310,952 76,658 24.65% 262,575 52,698 20.07%

External

Station

ID

Name Both models have external trips generally where you would expect them.

At major stations, Statewide model has higher %’s of external auto trips.

Percent of External-External (EE) Truck Trips – External Stations

2003 Statewide Model 2000 Knoxville Model

All External Truck Trips

External-External (EE)

EE Truck Trip Percent

All External Truck Trips

External-External (EE)

EE Truck Trip Percent

9001 I-40 9,221 6,085 65.99% 9,799 2,692 27.47%9002 Hwy 61 169 4 2.37% 266 26 9.77%9003 HWY 62 16 1 6.41% 185 12 6.49%9004 I-75 12,091 11,251 93.06% 13,555 2,790 20.58%9005 HWY 116 3 1 32.36% 123 6 4.88%9006 Hwy 33 468 186 39.73% 640 80 12.50%9007 HWY 131 n/a 0 n/a 99 2 2.02%9008 US 11 W 306 168 54.88% 440 6 1.36%9009 HWY 375 n/a 0 n/a 100 0 0.00%9010 US 11 E 148 91 61.44% 842 226 26.84%9011 Hwy 341 n/a n/a n/a 88 40 45.45%9012 Hwy 66 n/a n/a n/a 125 32 25.60%9013 I-81 8,397 7,556 89.98% 10,788 3,158 29.27%9014 US 25E 155 133 85.91% 588 460 78.23%9015 US 25E 140 133 94.73% 558 460 82.44%9016 I-40 8,786 7,217 82.14% 11,183 2,330 20.84%9017 US 25W 29 n/a n/a 178 0 0.00%9018 US 411 1,445 27 1.87% 413 8 1.94%9019 HWY 339 n/a n/a n/a 105 0 0.00%9020 US 321 0 0 n/a 144 0 0.00%9021 US 441 72 40 55.37% 146 4 2.74%9022 US 129 6 2 31.95% 27 0 0.00%9023 US 411 116 36 31.11% 1,059 30 2.83%9024 Hwy 72 165 134 81.25% 841 66 7.85%9025 US 11 76 68 89.17% 486 4 0.82%9026 I-75 11,469 10,158 88.57% 12,954 3,366 25.98%9027 HWY 322 n/a n/a n/a 33 20 60.61%9028 Hwy 322 n/a n/a n/a 27 20 74.07%9029 HWY 72 18 n/a #VALUE! 31 10 32.26%9030 US 70 35 0 0.00% 173 16 9.25%Total 53,332 43,291 81.17% 65,996 15,864 24.04%

External

Station

ID

Name At major stations, %’s of external truck trips are much higher in the Statewide Model vs. the KRTDM.

Major O-D Differences between KRTDM and Statewide Models: Ex-Ex Auto Trips

Major O-D Differences between KRTDM and Statewide Models: Ex-Ex Truck Trips

Order-of-magnitude aggregate cordon line volumes more realistic in KRTDM: 323,316 cordon line ADT in 2006. Same holds true at individual stations.

Considerable more travel through the Knoxville region in the Statewide Model.

Much higher percent of trucks traveling through the Knoxville region in the Statewide Model.

KRTDM: More trucks crossing the cordon line.

Statewide: More auto trips crossing the cordon line.

At major stations, Statewide model has higher %’s of external auto trips.

At major stations, Statewide model has much higher %’s of external truck trips.

Summary of KRTDM-Statewide Model Comparison of External Travel

Why conduct the survey ?

Background: Why conduct the survey? Why a video camera license plate matching method?

Knoxville Survey Specifics Station Locations Volumes Date / Time Cameras Data entry Database Matching Program Reports – Stay tuned !

Alternative Methods Roadside Interviews

Great data at reasonable cost. However…. Very dangerous; on-site law enforcement a virtual necessity Some states have outlawed it or have strict policies against it.

Indiana’s Attorney General gave a legal opinion that method violates legal conditions for pulling over traffic

Always unpopular – Expect a mad phone call from the Mayor’s Office

License Plate / Post Card Survey Poor quality data for lots of reasons …

Requires fast data reduction and timely cooperation with State BMV, which rarely happens

Should have cooperation of multiple state BMVs, which rarely happens Respondent memory lapse in the intervening weeks Poor response rate and likely biased – No sample control

Alternative Methods License Plate Matching using Digital Automated Character

Recognition Advantages:

No interruption in the flow of traffic Relatively safe Capture rate of trucks is relatively high vs. License Plate / Post Card Method Out-of-state vehicles are captured in the in the sample No need for timely cooperation with BMVs No memory lapse No sample control issues

Disadvantages: Detailed trip information is lost Hyper-expensive due to the cost of high-end camera equipment with character

recognition software Severe limitation on the number of stations

Alternative Methods License Plate Matching using Video / Surveillance Camera

Technology and Human Data Reduction Advantages:

No interruption in the flow of traffic Relatively safe Capture rate of trucks is relatively high vs. License Plate / Post Card

Method Out-of-state vehicles are captured in the in the sample No need for timely cooperation with BMVs No memory lapse No sample control issues Reasonable cost

Disadvantages: Detailed trip information cannot be collected Practical limit to the number of stations

Knoxville Survey Specifics

Background: Why conduct the survey? Why a video camera license plate matching method?

Knoxville Specifics Station Locations Volumes Date / Time Cameras Data entry Database Matching Program Reports – Stay tuned !

I-40 WestRoane-Cumberland County Line

I-75 NorthAnderson-Campbell County Line

I-40 EastJefferson-Cocke County Line

I-81 NorthJefferson-Hamblen County Line

US 11 EastJefferson-HamblenCounty Line

I-75 SouthLoudon-Monroe County Line

Locations of Survey Stations

Video camera Survey conducted:September 18, 20077am – 7pm

I-40 West 42,200 ADT24-Hour Trucks 37%6am-6pm Trucks 61%

I-75 North 42,100 ADT24-Hour Trucks 41%6am-6pm Trucks 44%

I-40 East 28,700 ADT24-Hour Trucks 41%6am-6pm Trucks 61%

I-81 North 33,800 ADT24-Hour Trucks 38%6am-6pm Trucks 64%

US 11 East 21,500 ADT24-Hour Trucks 10%6am-6pm Trucks 14%

I-75 South 40,500 ADT24-Hr Trucks 28%6pm-6am Trucks 45%

Cordon Line Traffic Volumes & Trucks %’s

Note: All numbers are subject to change. Counts will be verified against videotapes and vehicles classifications re-calibrated based on visual verification.

Cameras

One camera-per-lane powered by marine batteries

Standard video and surveillance equipment

Records to videotape or digital tape and converted to DVD

Tedious, but the human eye beats automated character recognition.

90%+ recognition of all auto plate characters

65%+ recognition of all truck plate characters

Data Entry

Database & Matching Program

Database & Matching ProgramProgram allows matches for

any time slices

User-specified elapsed time between each station pair

Makes probabilistic “wild card” matches when there are unrecognized characters

User-specified treatment of missing plates

Reports will …

For unobserved hours sample data are expanded using off-peak match rates by vehicle class; user-experimentation allowed

Trip tables will be by… Time-of-day periods to match

model Auto, Single-Unit, and

Combination Trucks Additional vehicle class detail is

possible

Status Report

Data entry about one-third complete Scheduled completion for data entry -

Thanksgiving Report Delivery – Year End

thank you !