KNOM20011

Optical Internet

and

Network Management

2001. 5. 25.

Minho KangProfessor and OIRC Director

Information and Communications Univ.

KNOM20012

Contents

Introduction to Optical Internet

GMPLS over DWDM

Korean National R&D Programs

Conclusion

KNOM20013

Background▣ Exponential Growth of Internet Traffic

◈ X23 of voice traffic (2005)◈ Anything over Internet

Web, email, ftp, e-commerce … VR, Home Networking, Internet Appliance, Wearable computer

◈ Bottleneck of today’s Internet-speed, QoS

▣ Revolution of Optical Networking◈ Bandwidth/ fiber : 50 Tb/s ◈ Bandwidth doubling every 6 months-exceeding Moor’s Law◈ Advancing Components : optical switch, optical amplifier, wav

elength converter

▣ New Era of Networking◈ Simplified Architecture, Lower cost, Scalable capacity

KNOM20014

Optical Internet▣ Optical Internet Definition

◈ IP/DWDM networks

◈ Nortel, Sprint, Frontier, CANARIE

◈ Network link layer connections are dedicated wavelengths on a DWDM optical fiber directly connected to a high performance network router Replaces traditional ATM and SDH

▣ Significant Reduction in Cost◈ Capital cost saving up to 50-90%

◈ Operating cost saving up to 60%

KNOM20015

Unique Characteristics of Internet Traffic▣ Self Similar in time and space

KNOM20016

Unique Characteristics of Internet Traffic(2)▣ Asymmetric Data Flows

◈ Due to the Presence of Large Server Farms(MS, Netscape)) that generate large amounts of data as web pages

◈ 2:1 in BB, 20:1 in edge network-RealVideo, Broadcast.com

◈ Optical Internet can take advantage of this asymmetry-Dynamic RWA Savings approach 50%

▣ Short Session period

▣ Many Nodes

KNOM20017

DWDM Revolution▣ Flurry of DWDM Product Announcement

◈ In excess of 100 channels Dramatic bandwidth increase in installed fiber

◈ Long-Haul Backbone Deployment first

◈ Recent Metro Network application Ciena, Nortel, Cambrian, …. Bandwidth efficiency is of less issue- cheaper

▣ Optical multiplexing◈ Traditional-SDH Time division multiplexing, ATM

◈ Changing scenario-DWDM

KNOM20018

1550nm 1300nm 800nm

1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200nm

Operating range

10 m8

10 m-14

Wavelength

Acoustic Radio InfraredVisible

Ultraviolet X-ray Gamma ray

Cosmic rays

Visible light

Wavelengths for Optical Networks

KNOM20019

Vocie,Video, data, multimedia...Vocie,Video, data, multimedia...

IPIP

Sonet/SDHSonet/SDH

WDMWDM(or Fiber)(or Fiber)

Applicationslayer

Switching/routing layer

Transport layer

Optical layer

Layered Architecture of IP over xxx

HDLC /HDLC /SDLATMATM

IPoSIPoS

Open optical interfaceOpen optical interface

IPoWIPoWIPoAIPoA

Gigabit Ethernet/Fiber Channel

Gigabit Ethernet/Fiber Channel

KNOM200110

Optical Network EvolutionIP

POS/POLpoint-to-point

WDM optical layer(virtual fiber)

IP

MPLS

circuit-switched WDM

optical layer(connection-oriented)

IP

packet-switchedWDM

optical layer(connection-less)

Phase I Phase II Phase III

- Issues- Information

Transfer

- Connectivity

- Issues- OADM/OXC- IPoW- Call control

- Issues-optical burst switching- Fast optical switching

KNOM200111

Characteristics of IPoW▣ Simplified interface between the IP network layer

and the physical layer◈ Intermediate SDH Frame

Complete compatibility with existing SDH networks

New “Fast IP”, “Slim SDH”,”SONET lite”are being defined

◈ Intermediate Standard LAN Frame e.g. Gigabit Ethernet(GbE) / Frame Relay(FR)

A new GbE frame is being defined

◈ MPLS-wavelenghs are treated as very low level point-to-point links for packet transmission Carry out restoral and path protection at IP layer

▣ Evolution toward Connectionless Network

KNOM200112

Advanced IPoW Protocol▣ Fast provisioning of Network Resources

▣ Statistical Sharing of Resources◈ Variable Length Packet or Burst Support

▣ Secure the optical network transparency◈ Speed, data format

▣ Limited use of optical buffers at optical layer◈ No optical RAM yet

◈ Existing electrical buffer needs o/e/o converters which restricts the transparency

KNOM200113

Router

OpticalEthernet

LAN

Optical Internet Network

Core IPoW Network

ManagementProtection Re-routing

DWDM

Router

SDH/WDMRing

LANEnterpriseNetwork

AccessRouter

AccessRouter

EnterpriseNetwork

DWDM

KNOM200114

Optical Packet over WDM▣ Optical Packet Networks

◈ High Speed in optical network Maybe a natural move to circumvent potential bottleneck of

electronic processing DWDM network has surpassed 6 Tb/s over several 1,000 km

capability

◈ From circuit to packet Flexibility in networking , VPN configuration Aggregation of granular traffic

◈ Technological challenges Optical packet synchronization, optical RAM, and other optical

device issues, optical WDM layer protection/restoration

KNOM200115

Optical Switching▣ Optical circuit switching

setup delay : round trip time Limited number of wavelength, fiber no good for bursty & short session

▣ Optical packet switching Buffer is necessary for statistical sharing tight coupling of header and data Container for small parcel- high overhead

▣ Optical burst switching Good compromise for today No need of Buffer, cut-through switching Network reconfiguration time of 10 ms

KNOM200116

Protocol Comparison▣ optical packet switching vs. JET-based OBS

KNOM200117

Issues of Optical Internet▣ Current Technology Issues

◈ GMPLS ◈ Optical Burst Switching◈ RWA Algorithm◈ Optical Ethernet

▣ and Packet switching on optical channel layer Optical packet header processing Optical buffer, wavelength converter, switching Optical network protection, routing, control Scalable Architecture, Traffic management, QoS Network emulation……………………………….

KNOM200118

ContentsEvolution of Optical Internet

GMPLS over DWDM

Korean National R&D Programs

Conclusion

KNOM200119

MPLS over WDM(1)▣ Need of IP protocols to support different levels of

QoS◈ especially in more demanding real time video◈ MPLS is one technology that is gaining wide accepta

nce as a means for enabling IP to behave in a connection-oriented fashion

▣ Several standards activities for the marriage of MPLS and WDM into a unified structure for the Internet◈ Traditionally, the Internet treats the protocol layers

below IP layer of little interest Collapsing functions across layers

KNOM200120

MPLS over WDM(2)▣ MPLS is analogous to cell or packet switching in v

irtual circuit oriented networks◈ Such as ATM or X.25 networks for switching from hop to hop

◈ MPLS is a circuit switching system at OSI layer 3 LIB(label information base) of MPLS-LSR is mapped one-to-one to F

EC(forward Equivalence Classes)

▣ WDM networks is emerging in the market◈ OXC, or optical wavelength switch, makes mesh network possi

ble and establish light paths between any pairs.

◈ Future OXCs may have wavelength conversion capabilities and will make dynamic set up of light paths that require end-to-end wavelength continuity

KNOM200121

Issues of MPLS over WDM(1)▣ WDM Network Management

◈ MPLS control plane requires up-to-date status status information on the physical plant of the network Currently the interface between a client equipment(such as a

LSR) and the network elements of a DWDM transport system is not standardized

New agreements to use the SDH protocol header (overhead ) byte and DCC are needed

◈ If payload is not framed by SDH (such as GbE), a new mechanism needs to be developed

KNOM200122

Issues of MPLS over WDM(2)▣ Automatic Provisioning

◈ Currently the configuration and provisioning of WDM links and light paths are done manually

Takes weeks or months to complete

◈ As network evolves from p-t-p and ring network to p-t-mp mesh topology

An automatic provisioning mechanism is needed to effectively manage the network, especially if a service provider wants to offer bandwidth or light path on demand

KNOM200123

Issues of MPLS over WDM(3)▣ Dynamic Wavelength Assignment

◈ Necessary to support traffic engineering function and automatic restoration and recovery and to associate MPLS labels with wavelengths In static networks, heuristic algorithms based on graph coloring

are used to minimize the number of wavelengths required to support the offered load

In dynamic networks, reassigning existing light paths to new wavelength is one way to reduce the number of wavelengths,

◈ And will require the OXCs to be able to adaptively reconfigure the LIBs and make their neighbors aware of any change that occur

KNOM200124

Issues of MPLS over WDM(4)▣ Protection and Restoration

◈ Mesh networks with multiple wavelengths offer more flexibility in designing protection and restoration mechanisms

The important issue is how to incorporate these into the MPLS control plane to enhance the reliability options and provide QoS for IP

◈ Integration network layer protection mechanisms into a network that already has protection and restoration capability at the lower layers requires for interoperability

KNOM200125

Issues of MPLS over WDM(5)▣ End system Identification and Network service

discovery◈ To associate IP labels with wavelengths, a discovery

procedure must be established

◈ Information on who, where, what, and usage status

◈ Furthermore, a method of conveying the discovery information ,before MPLS control and signaling channel is established, must be developed

KNOM200126

Issues of MPLS over WDM(6)▣ MPLS control channel and signaling protocols

◈ One or more control and signaling channels between the LSRs and WDM NE must be set up

for distribution of topology status information, monitoring physical layer status and allocation an/de-allocation of bandwidth

▣ Many alternatives- control channel location, ways to establish, protocols(RSVP and CR-LDP for signaling and BGP,IS-IS, and OSPF for routing)

◈ Debates more on signaling protocols RSVP- proven, deployed technology, improvement on scalability CR-LDP- more reliable since it run over a dedicated TCP connectio

ns

KNOM200127

Issues of MPLS over WDM(7)▣ Signaling parameters

◈ End point identification Should every NE have an IP address? How small should the granularity be?

◈ bandwidth characteristics and light paths attributes Encoding, capacity, priority and protection

◈ QoS support Type of protection, priority in restoration, preemptibility, path disc

overy, availability rate, etc

◈ Bandwidth actions Creation, deletion, query, etc

KNOM200128

Issues of MPLS over WDM(8)▣ Security

◈ Protocols and procedures need to be established to maintain a trusted and secure link for the control channel,

In addition to protecting the data channel

◈ Relatively easy to gain physical access to a fiber link Can be defeated by anti-jamming techniques in the control channel

or by enabling the network to identify attacks and update its topological information to route traffic.

▣ IP routers vs optical switches◈ OXCs and LSRs perform similar functions

Should one develop a fat or dumb OXC?

▣ UNI vs NNI◈ Router-to-router connections are really NNIs◈ Necessary to define NNI specifications if optical network is no

t composed of a single transparent cloud

KNOM200129

Optical Internet Network Control▣ From User’s Perspective

◈ Most important aspect of a communication network is the ability to connect to the receiver

◈ Bandwidth on Demand

▣ From Operator’s Perspective ◈ Most important aspect is the ability to control the operation of

the network◈ Optical VPN

▣ Optical Internet Control Plane- Optical MPLS approach Transfer control information (signaling units) between elements in

network Control information includes signaling messages to establish and

terminate connections, and other information such as directory service and credit card messages

KNOM200130

Traffic Engineering (TE)▣ Goal

◈ To facilitate efficient and reliable network operations while simultaneously optimizing network resource utilization and traffic performance

▣ Traffic Engineering Performance Objectives◈ Traffic Oriented

Enhance the QoS of traffic streams Minimization of packet loss, delay, maximization of throughput, enfo

rcement of service level agreements

◈ Resource Oriented The optimization of resource utilization : prevention of over utilizatio

n and congestion Load balancing : an important network performance optimization po

licy

KNOM200131

Issues of Optical Internet Traffic Engineering▣ Scalability enhancements

◈ Routing and link state management such as Label-Switched Path(LSP) hierarchy and link bundling

▣ Route selection ◈ Constraints such as signal impairments, wavelength

convertibility, add/drop interface availability, delay and administrative policy

▣ Traffic grooming and/or splitting◈ Minimize terminating equipment costs

▣ Multicast routing with sparse light-splitting ▣ Diverse routing

◈ For traffic protection and restoration

▣ Standard development on traffic engineering using GMPLS▣ Test-bed implementations and network trials

KNOM200132

Generalized MPLS (GMPLS)

▣ Goals◈ A single network-wide control plane to

distribute optical transport network topology state set up optical channel trails

◈ Support traffic engineering functions and enable protection and restoration capabilities

◈ Simplify the integration of optical switches, optical transport, and label switching routers

▣ Extends the MPLS control plane to the optical and TDM domains

▣ Does so by treating circuits, lambdas, fibers, and bundles as labels

KNOM200133

Generalized MPLS (GMPLS)

▣ Goals◈ A single network-wide control plane to

distribute optical transport network topology state

set up optical channel trails

◈ Support traffic engineering functions and enable protection and restoration capabilities

◈ Simplify the integration of optical switches, optical transport, and label switching routers

▣ Extends the MPLS control plane to the optical and TDM domains

▣ Does so by treating circuits, lambdas, fibers, and bundles as labels

IP Layer

Optical Layer

GMPLSControl & Management

Flexible TransportService

Convergence of IP and Optics

Ref : Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Architecture <draft-many-gmpls-architecture-00.txt> Feb. 2001

KNOM200134

On going good Solution & Our Solution▣ On going good solution

◈ Replace traditional ADM and use Intelligent Optical Cross-Connects (OXCs) (implementing MPLS-based control plane)

◈ The idea here is to reuse the intelligence of MPLS TE (and associated constraint based routing) at the optical layer

Service layer

Transport layer

“Rich”IP

“Intelligent”ON

QoS -TrafficEngineering

Restoration -BandwidthManagement

I PIP

ATMATM

SONETSONET

DWDMDWDM

PacketIP/GMPLS

PacketIP/GMPLS

LayerLayer

33

22

11

00

DWDMDWDM

LayerLayer

3/23/2

1/01/0

Service layer

Transport layer

“Rich”IP

“Intelligent”ON

QoS -TrafficEngineering

Restoration -BandwidthManagement

I PIPIPIP

ATMATMATMATM

SONETSONET

DWDMDWDMDWDMDWDM

PacketIP/GMPLS

PacketIP/GMPLS

LayerLayer

33

22

11

00

DWDMDWDMDWDMDWDM

LayerLayer

3/23/2

1/01/0

GMPLS control plane

Our Solution

Ref : Daniel Awduche, et.al, “Multiprotocol Lambda Switching: Combining MPLS Traffic Engineering Control with Optical Crossconnects,” IEEE Comm. Mar. Mar. 2001.

KNOM200135

GMPLS Architecture/FrameworkArc

hitectu

re/F

ram

ew

ork

Data

Pla

ne

TDM Wavelength Waveband Fiber

Optical

Shim Label

DLCI Label

VC Label

POS, GE

Frame Relay

ATM

Control

Pla

ne Signaling

Routing

CR- LDP,RSVP- TE

OSPF- TEIS- IS- TE

Signaling andRoutingestensions forthe Opticallayer

Generalized Label

Refs : Generalized MPLS - Signaling Functional Description <draft-ietf-mpls-generalized-signaling-04.txt> May. 2001. Generalized MPLS Signaling - CR-LDP Extensions <draft-ietf-mpls-generalized-cr-ldp-03.txt> May. 2001.Generalized MPLS Signaling - RSVP-TE Extensions <draft-ietf-mpls-generalized-rsvp-te-03.txt> May. 2001.

KNOM200136

Functional Diagram of GMPLS Control Plane

TE policy Manager

TEDatabase

CR- LDP orRSVP- TEExtension

BandwidthManager

OSPF or IS- IS

TE- extensions

PathSelection

Link Management

Ref : Using Two Octets for Bandwidth Values in OSPF and ISIS extensions for Traffic Engineering <draft-ma-ospf-isis-te-00.txt> Feb. 2001

KNOM200137

IP Routing Considerations (1/2)

▣ Traditional IP networks – destination based shortest path first routing (ex RIP, OSPF, IS-IS)◈ Drawback : traffic independent and does not support

diverse routes◈ Equal Cost Multi-Path Routing (ECMP) – no load

balancing (no feedback between traffic load and the routing algorithm)

▣ Optimized Multi-Path Routing (OMP)◈ Utilize and extends a link state routing protocol to

periodically broadcast link loading information◈ Split the traffic load among multiple near-equal cost

paths

KNOM200138

IP Routing Considerations (2/2)

▣ MPLS◈ The routing and forwarding functions in IP are separated◈ Constraint based routing : perform multi-path load balancing

of IP traffic Computing the shortest-cost-path on an auxiliary graph formed by de

leting heavily loaded links of the topology

◈ Manipulate the Forwarding Equivalence Class (FEC) to fine-split the LSPs and achieve more effective load balancing

▣ Traffic Engineering (IP over re-configurable WDM)◈ Affected through wavelength circuit configuration that adapts t

he IP network (virtual) topology to evolving traffic pattern◈ By exploiting the WDM layer’s reconfigurability, we can chang

e the IP network’s virtual topology to better match the ensuing traffic demand pattern

KNOM200139

Integrated IP/WDM Traffic Engineering Framework

▣ MPLS-TE algorithm◈ Balances load between LSPs for a given node pair, until it h

its the max-flow (min-cut capacity)◈ The load balancing capacity of MPLS-TE alone, however, is

bounded by the underlying virtual IP topology

▣ WDM reconfiguration algorithm◈ Drive a new IP virtual topology based on the traffic deman

d matrix collected from the IP/MPLS router measurements◈ Not an adequate tool for IP traffic load balancing mainly du

e to the coarse and fixed wavelength granularity

▣ Integrated IP/WDM Traffic Engineering◈ The traffic engineering on layer 2.5/3 ad WDM reconfigura

tion are mutually complementary◈ Linking MPLS load balancing and WDM reconfiguration t

ogether in a well-coordinated way

KNOM200140

Integrated Traffic Engineering Workflow with MPLS/MPλS for IP/WDM

1) IP trafficMeasurement

Analysis

3)BandwidthDemand

Projection

IP/MPLSReachesMin-CutLimit?

WDM/MPSAttempts

Reconfiguration?

2) IP/MPLSLoad

Balancing

5) VirtualTopologyDesign

TopologyDesign

Successful?

Too manyFailed

Designs?

7) CapacityUpgrade

Recommendation

6) VirtualTopologyMigration

Yes

No

NoYes

Yes

YesOptimization

Ref : John Y. WEI, et.al, “Network Control and Management for the Next Generation Internet,” IEICE Trans. Comm. Oct. 2000.

KNOM200141

ContentsEvolution of Optical Internet

GMPLS over DWDM

Korean National R&D Programs

Conclusion

KNOM200142

MIC Optical Internet Development ProgramTelecommunications Review Vol. 11, No. 2, 2001. March-April, pp. 1-13

▣ Period :2001-2005

▣ Budget: 180 B Korean Won

◈ Ministry of Info. and Comm.: 99B Won

◈ Industries: 81B won

▣ Target Key Technologies

◈ OI network and system integration Network and system configuration, Test bed, Standards

◈ Switching and routing 10 G Ethernet, 1 Tb/s router, basic optical packet router

◈ Optical transmission Tb/s WDM system and WXC system, 40 Gb/s TDM

◈ Optical access ATM/WDM/Hybrid WDM-TDMA PON, OI Access system

◈ Optical components and accessories

KNOM200143

OI Key Technology Vision forDevelopment and Commercialization

Telecommunications Review Vol. 11, No. 2, 2001. March-April, pp. 1-13

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1T-WDM

160G OXC 1.2T OXC T OXC

All

Optical

Network

1 T400 G

광중계 기술 30nm EDFA30nm EDFA 80nm EDFA80nm EDFA >120 nm Optical Amplifier>120 nm Optical Amplifier

네트워크기술 이종혼합망 광전인터워킹망

FTTC

FLC Hybrid PON WDM-PON

FTTH

10G 80G

광가입자전송 기술

1Gigabit Ethernet

10 Gigabit Ethernet

GbE 기술

수십G

라우터수백G

라우터

Tb/s

라우터광패킷 기반광 라우터

라우터 기술

개방형 광인터넷망

5.2 T OXC

전광통신망

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1T-WDM

160G OXC 1.2T OXC T OXC

All

Optical

Network

1 T400 G

광중계 기술 30nm EDFA30nm EDFA 80nm EDFA80nm EDFA >120 nm Optical Amplifier>120 nm Optical Amplifier

네트워크기술 이종혼합망 광전인터워킹망

FTTC

FLC Hybrid PON WDM-PON

FTTH

10 80G

광가입자전송 기술

1Gigabit Ethernet

10 Gigabit Ethernet10 Gigabit Ethernet

GbE 기술

수십G

라우터수백G

라우터

Tb/s

라우터광패킷 기반광 라우터

라우터 기술

개방형 광인터넷망

5.2 T OXC

전광통신망

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

ATM-PONATM-PON

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1T-WDM

160G OXC 1.2T OXC T OXC

All

Optical

Network

1 T400 G

광중계 기술 30nm EDFA30nm EDFA 80nm EDFA80nm EDFA

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1T-WDM

160G OXC 1.2T OXC T OXC

All

Optical

Network

1 T400 G

광중계 기술 30nm EDFA30nm EDFA 80nm EDFA80nm EDFA >120 nm Optical Amplifier>120 nm Optical Amplifier

네트워크기술 이종혼합망 광전인터워킹망

FTTC

FLC Hybrid PON WDM-PON

FTTH

10G -80G

광가입자전송 기술

1Gigabit Ethernet

10 Gigabit Ethernet10 Gigabit Ethernet

GbE 기술

수십G

라우터수백G

라우터

Tb/s

라우터광패킷 기반광 라우터

라우터 기술

개방형 광인터넷망

5.2 T OXC

전광통신망

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1T-WDM

160G OXC 1.2T OXC T OXC

All

Optical

Network

1 T400 G

광중계 기술 30nm EDFA30nm EDFA 80nm EDFA80nm EDFA >120 nm Optical Amplifier>120 nm Optical Amplifier

네트워크기술 이종혼합망 광전인터워킹망

FTTC

FLC Hybrid PON WDM-PON

FTTH

10 80G

광가입자전송 기술

1Gigabit Ethernet

10 Gigabit Ethernet10 Gigabit Ethernet

GbE 기술

수십G

라우터수백G

라우터

Tb/s

라우터광패킷 기반광 라우터

라우터 기술

개방형 광인터넷망

5.2 T OXC

전광통신망

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

ATM-PONATM-PONATM-PONATM-PON

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1T-WDM

160G OXC 1.2T OXC T OXC

All

Optical

Network

1 T400 G

광중계 기술 30nm EDFA30nm EDFA 80nm EDFA80nm EDFA

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1T-WDM

160G OXC 1.2T OXC T OXC

All

Optical

Network

1

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1T-WDM

160G OXC 1.2T OXC T OXC

All

Optical

Network

1 T400 G

광중계 기술 30nm EDFA30nm EDFA 80nm EDFA80nm EDFA >120 nm Optical Amplifier>120 nm Optical Amplifier

네트워크기술 이종혼합망 광전인터워킹망

FTTC

FLC Hybrid PON WDM-PON

FTTH

10G 80G

광가입자전송 기술

1Gigabit Ethernet

10 Gigabit Ethernet10 Gigabit Ethernet

GbE 기술

수십G

라우터수백G

라우터

Tb/s

라우터광패킷 기반광 라우터

라우터 기술

개방형 광인터넷망

5.2 T OXC

전광통신망

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1T-WDM

160G OXC 1.2T OXC T OXC

All

Optical

Network

1

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1T-WDM

160G OXC 1.2T OXC T OXC

All

Optical

Network

1 T400 G

광중계 기술 30nm EDFA30nm EDFA 80nm EDFA80nm EDFA >120 nm Optical Amplifier>120 nm Optical Amplifier

네트워크기술 이종혼합망 광전인터워킹망

FTTC

FLC Hybrid PON WDM-PON

FTTH

10 80G

광가입자전송 기술

1Gigabit Ethernet

10 Gigabit Ethernet10 Gigabit Ethernet

GbE 기술

수십G

라우터수백G

라우터

Tb/s

라우터광패킷 기반광 라우터

라우터 기술

개방형 광인터넷망

5.2 T OXC

전광통신망

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

ATM-PONATM-PONATM-PONATM-PON

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1T-WDM

160G OXC 1.2T OXC T OXC

All

Optical

Network

1

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1T-WDM

160G OXC 1.2T OXC T OXC

All

Optical

Network

1 T400 G

광중계 기술 30nm EDFA30nm EDFA 80nm EDFA80nm EDFA

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1

T400 G

광중계 기술 30nm EDFA30nm EDFA 80nm EDFA80nm EDFA

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1T-WDM

160G OXC 1.2T OXC T OXC

All

Optical

Network

1 T400 G

광중계 기술 30nm EDFA30nm EDFA 80nm EDFA80nm EDFA >120 nm Optical Amplifier>120 nm Optical Amplifier

네트워크기술 이종혼합망 광전인터워킹망

FTTC

FLC Hybrid PON WDM-PON

FTTH

10G -80G

광가입자전송 기술

1Gigabit Ethernet

10 Gigabit Ethernet10 Gigabit Ethernet

GbE 기술

수십G

라우터수백G

라우터

Tb/s

라우터광패킷 기반광 라우터

라우터 기술

개방형 광인터넷망

5.2 T OXC

전광통신망

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1T-WDM

160G OXC 1.2T OXC T OXC

All

Optical

Network

1

상용화 연도

전송용량

망구성

다중화 방식

회선분배기술

2000 2005 2010 2015

fixed ring

> 3 Tera

flexible rings

Flexible Mesh

10G ETDM 40G - ETDM> 3T Systems

160G WDM 1T-WDM

160G OXC 1.2T OXC T OXC

All

Optical

Network

1 T400 G

광중계 기술 30nm EDFA30nm EDFA 80nm EDFA80nm EDFA >120 nm Optical Amplifier>120 nm Optical Amplifier

네트워크기술 이종혼합망 광전인터워킹망

FTTC

FLC Hybrid PON WDM-PON

FTTH

10 80G

광가입자전송 기술

1Gigabit Ethernet

10 Gigabit Ethernet10 Gigabit Ethernet

GbE 기술

수십G

라우터수백G

라우터

Tb/s

라우터광패킷 기반광 라우터

라우터 기술

개방형 광인터넷망

5.2 T OXC

전광통신망

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

40 Gigabit

Ethernet

ATM-PONATM-PONATM-PONATM-PONATM-PONATM-PONATM-PONATM-PON

OXC

development

Multiplexing method

Network Configuration

Transmission Capacity

Network architecture

Commercialization

year

Optical Access Technology

GbE technology

Router technology

Optical amplifier

Open optical network

Hybrid network O/E Interworking network All optical network

10 Gb/s rout

er

Dozens of

routers

1Tb/s

router

100 Gb/s ro

uter

Optical packet based

Optical router

KNOM200144

Optical Internet Research Center▣Implemented by MOST and KOSEF

◈ Engineering Research Center of Excellence

◈ 2000.7- 2009. 2

◈ 18B Korean Won

▣Research Target◈ 2000.7 – 2003. 2 : Study on 1Tb/s optical MPLS Internet router

which optically switches IP packet-flow

◈ 2003. 3 – 2006. 2 : Study on 10 Tb/s optical packet Internet router which optically switches IP packets

◈ 2006. 3 – 2009. 2 : Study on self-routing, 100Tb/s all optical packet Internet router

KNOM200145

OIRC Participants

OIRC

UniversitiesICU: 8 Labs

SNU, Korea U., Soongsil U, Dongeui U.

University of Melbourne

Research LabsETRI

Korea Telecom

Australian Photonics CRC

IndustriesKorea Telecom, Haedong, Telion,

Horim, Ace Electronics, Litron, ZenPhotonics, ITec

Nortel Networks (Canada) Virtual Photonics (U.S.A.)

KNOM200146

Contents

Evolution of Optical Internet

GMPLS over DWDM

Korean National R&D Programs

Conclusion

KNOM200147

Conclusion(1)▣ What was Quick is now Slow

◈ Bandwidth on Demand, Pay-per-Use Provisioning time for high speed services Maximize carriers’ revenue and optical bandwidth marketplace

◈ MPLmS, OBS Bridge IP/MPLS layer and optical/transport layer Bridge electrical control and optical transport Beyond the simple integration of optical interfaces into terabit router

s

▣ What was distant is now Near◈ Ultra-Long-Haul DWDM system

Transcontinental 6 Tb/s per fiber

◈ New Networking paradigm Lattice Networks

KNOM200148

Conclusion (2)▣ The Speed of Change-OFC2000, OIW2000

▣ Two Facets of optical Internet◈ IPoW in the core network

◈ Optical Ethernet in the LAN and MAN GbE and 10GbE signals transported over WDM networks De-facto standard for gigabit Internet connectivity

▣ A New Era◈ No more Bell Heads vs. Net Heads

Only organizations that marry IP and WDM will succeed Distance is no more limiting factor in network design How much bandwidth is enough?

◈ Optical Virtual Private Network, Network Darwinism

KNOM200149

1st OIRC Workshop (Aug 23-24, 2000)