kirk schneider american electric power tulsa, oklahoma aeic annual load research conference reno,...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Kirk Schneider American Electric Power Tulsa, Oklahoma AEIC Annual Load Research Conference Reno, Nevada September 10-13, 2006 System Load Calculation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649ed05503460f94bde5da/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Kirk Schneider
American Electric Power
Tulsa, Oklahoma
AEIC Annual Load Research Conference Reno, Nevada
September 10-13, 2006
System Load System Load Calculation for AEP-Calculation for AEP-
TexasTexas
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• What We Did
• Why We Did It
• How We Did It
• What We Found
• So What?
Introduction
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The American Electric Power System
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•ERCOT became single Control Area 7/31/01
•Companies stopped checking tie lines.
•Installed IDRs on a Number of Tie-Lines
•Verified IDR Data for generation and tie-lines
•Rate filing for TCC and TNC later this year.
•Update loss studies.
•Update demand studies
What We Did
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What is System Load?
• Total power consumption on system
• Measure Power Received from Generators
• Measure Power Flow at Interconnect Points
• Can directly measure load, but not losses
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“Top-Down” System Load Calculation
I
II
G
G30
0 M
W
20
0 M
W
10 MW
20 M
W
40 MW
Generation: 300 + 200
Interchange: -10-20
+40 --------
Net Load: 510 MW
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“Bottom-Up” Load Calculation
I
II
G
G
Load: RES 190 COM + 100 IND + 60 WHL + 140
Losses: + 30 ------------------Load: 520 MW
UFE: - 10 MW
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Power Consumption in North American Grid
• No Boundary Metering
• Power is consumed the instant it is generated
• Power Consumed = Power Generated
• Power Consumed = Power used + power “lost”
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ERCOT Transmission System
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ERCOT System Load
• Connected to grid with 3 DC ties
• System Load = generation + power
imported over DC ties – power exported
over DC ties
• SYSTEM LOAD = GENERATION – NET
INTERCHANGE
• EPS Meters on Generation and DC Ties
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AEP-Texas System Load
• Texas Central Co. (South Texas)
• Texas North Co. (West Texas)
• TCC ~ 30 Gens, 50 Interconnects
• TNC ~ 20 Gens, 40 Interconnects
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Texas Central Transmission System
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Texas North Transmission System
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•Demand Studies
• Σ Sales * Loss Factor = Estimated System Load
•Loss Studies
• Losses = System Load – Σ Sales
• Transmission Settlements
• Unbilled Sales
• Checks and Balances
• All Assume System Load is Correct
Why AEP Needs System Load
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•About 12 complete – meter and CT / PTs
•About 24 meter only using existing CT / PTs
•Accuracy of Meters
•Leveraging Existing Metering In South Texas
How did We Implement AEP-Texas Tie-Line Metering?
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TCC Ties to South Texas EC
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How Are We Collecting and Analyzing the Data?
•Collecting Data Using MV-90 System
•Data Validation
•Analyzing Data Using SAS
•Sent to CEAS System
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PROBLEMS!
• Gaps in IDR Data
• Suspicious Looking Data
• Missing Meters
• Problems Getting Data from ERCOT
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SCADA to the Rescue!
• PI Database Installed Oct 2004
• Analog Measurements
• Accessible with ODBC or OLE
• SAS Table Containing SCADA Data
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Data Validation
•Use SCADA Data to Validate IDR Data
•SCADA Strengths Complement IDR Data
•Use SCADA Data to Fill IDR Data Gaps
•Examples
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Everything’s All Right – Generator 1
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Everything’s All Right – Generator 2
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Everything’s All Right – Tie 1
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Everything’s All Right – Tie 2
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Good Enough – SCADA at opposite end of line
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Better than Nothing – SCADA at opposite end, load along
line
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Load Outside Boundary of Meters
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Gap In IDR Data - Generator
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Gap in IDR Data - Line
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SCADA Goes “Flat-Line” for Short Period – Gen
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SCADA Goes “Flat-Line” for Short Period – Line 1
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SCADA Goes “Flat-Line” forShort Period – Line 2
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SCADA Goes “Flat-Line” for Short Period – Line 3
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SCADA Goes “Flat-Line” for Long Period – Line 1
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SCADA Goes “Flat-Line” for Long Period – Line 2
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SCADA Goes “Flat-Line” – Long Period - Gen
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SCADA Resolution Problem – Small Line
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SCADA Resolution Problem – Line
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Time-Synch or Resolution??
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No SCADA Available – Wholesale POD’s
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General SCADA Failure – Example 1 Gen
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General SCADA Failure – Example 2 Gen
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General SCADA Failure – Example 3 Line
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General SCADA Failure – Example 4
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General SCADA Failure – Example 5 Line
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Suspicious Generator Data
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Impact on System Load Calc
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Meter Configuration
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Using Alternate SCADA Points
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IDR Data vs. SCADA
• IDR Strengths
•True integrated values
•Distributed data collection
•Lower cost than SCADA
• SCADA Strengths
•Time synch extremely accurate
•Data available real-time
•Multiple backup measurements
• Together Provide Very Reliable, Accurate Data
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Top Down vs. Bottom UpSummer
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Top Down vs. Bottom Up Winter
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Top Down System vs. Bottom Up At Meter
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System Losses
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Percent Losses
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Summary of Results
• SCADA Bailed Us Out
• Strengths of IDR Data and SCADA Complementary
• Customer Load Aggregation Matches System Load
• Able to Perform Loss Study
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So What?
• We Can Measure AEP-Texas System Load
• Two Measurements Better Than One
• Understand Your System Load Data
• Accurate System Load = $$$
• Let’s Work Together Again!