Kingdom Protista

Chapter 20

Kingdom Protista – “Catch all”

Eukaryotes Unicellular and Multicellular Autotrophic or heterotrophic Some have cell walls Many have structures specific for movement.

Types of Protists

Animal like Protists Plant like Protists Funguslike Protists

Animal-like Protists

Typically heterotrophic, motile, unicellular Live in water but can be found in moist soil Grouped by method of locomotion

Phylum Zoomastigina: Zooflagellates

Move by flagella Live symbiotically

Examples:-

1. Trichonympha collaris – termites

2. Tyrpanosoma brucei – tsetse fly cause sleeping sickness

Sarcodines

Amoeba Unicellular Move by psuedopods

“false foot” Feed by phagocytosis Can cause dysentery

Phylum Ciliophora: Ciliates

Paramecium Use cilia for feeding

and movement. Discharge trichocysts

to disable prey Reproduce sexually

and asexually

Phylum Sporozoa

Nonmotile parasites Form sporesExample:- Plasmodium vivax causes malaria Infected female Anopheles mosquito Cells bursts, high fever and severe chills

Malaria

Plantlike Protists

Chlorophyll and accessory pigments allow algae to harvest and use the energy from sunlight.

Gullet

Chloroplast

NucleusEyespotFlagella

Carbohydrate storage bodies

Pellicle

Contractile vacuole

Euglenophytes: Euglena

• Unicellular

•Moves by flagella

•Heterotrophic or autotrophic

LABEL IN YOUR NOTES!

Diatoms

Produce cell walls rich in silica (Si – the main ingredient in glass)

Dinoflagellates

Half are photosynthetic and the other half are heterotrophic.

Two flagella that cause it to spin like a top

Warm surface waters cause “blooms”

Red tide can paralyze humans

Plant like Protists - Algae

Live in water and photosynthesize (produce much of the earths oxygen)

Named for the type of chlorophyll and accessory pigments they contain - Green, golden brown, brown, and red

Produce food that maintain communities in oceans and fresh water

Chemicals from algae are used to make plastics, waxes, paints, deodorant. Also used to make ice-cream, salad dressing, pudding, or a candy bar.

Red, Brown, and Green Algae

Red Algae:- live at great depths due to their efficiency in harvesting light energy. Red algae contain chlorophyll a and reddish accessory pigments called phycobilins.

Brown algae:- contain chlorophyll a and c, as well as a brown accessory pigment, fucoxanthin.

Green Algae:- share many characteristics with plants, including their photosynthetic pigments and cell wall composition.

Unicellular Green AlgaeChlamydomonas

Chlamydomonas

Colonial Green AlgaeVolvox

Filamentous Green AlgaeSpirogira

Multicellular Green Algae

Fungus like Protist

Lack chlorophyll Absorb dead and decaying organic matter. Not classified as true fungi as they do not contain

chitin their cell walls.Examples:-1) Slime molds are fungus like protists that play key

roles in recycling organic material2) Oomycetes thrive on dead or decaying organic

matter in water and are plant parasites on land.