King Edward III25 January 1327 – 21 June 1377

Ekaterina Balandina

Group 743

Anastasia Savinova

Group 741

• Name: King Edward IIIBorn: November 13, 1312 at Windsor CastleParents: Edward II and Isabella of FranceRelation to Elizabeth II: 17th great-grandfatherHouse of: PlantagenetAscended to the throne: January 25, 1327 aged 14 yearsCrowned: January 29, 1327 at Westminster AbbeyMarried: Philippa, Daughter of Count of HainaultChildren: Seven sons and five daughters, plus at least 3 illegitimate (by Alice Perrers)Died: June 21, 1377 at Sheen Palace, Surrey, aged 64 years, 7 months, and 6 daysBuried at: Westminster AbbeyReigned for: 50 years, 4 months, and 25 daysSucceeded by: his grandson Richard II

Early Life

Edward III invades Scotland

• the Second War of Scottish Independence

• won a decisive victory over the Scots at Halidon Hill in 1333

• Edward Balliol on the throne of Scotland

Dynastic Background for the Hundred Years’ War

Philip III(1270-1285)

Philip IV(1285-1314)

Charles of Valois

Louis X(1314-1316)

Charles IV (1322-1328)

Philip V(1316-1322)

Isabella Edward II

Edward III

Philip VI (1328-1350)

The Hundred Years’ War (1337 – 1453)

Philip VI of FranceEdward III of England

Sluys (1340)

• From 1337 until 1341 was a sea-battle off Flemish port

• The French tried to prevent King Edward and his troops landing

• The first great victory of English Navy• Both Kings were forced to make a truce

• Lasted 6 years

Truce - перемирие

Battle of Crecy (1346)

• It took place on 26 August, 1346 near Crecy in northern France

• English army – 15000, French army - around 30,000 to 40,000

DESICIVE ENGLISH VICTORY

The Black Prince

the Order of the Garter (1344)

Siege of Calais (4 September 1346-4 August 1347)

Battle of Poitiers (1356)

• In 1355, the Black Prince provoked the French King John to renew the war

• September 19, 1356

• Hundreds of prisoners were captured, including King John

DESICIVE ENGLISH VICTORY

May 25, 1360

David II leading Scotland

The lady whom we saw has not uncomely hair, betwixt blue-black and brown. Her head is clean-shaped; her forehead high and broad, and standing somewhat forward. Her face narrows between the eyes, and the lower part of her face is still more narrow and slender than the forehead. Her eyes are blackish-brown and deep. Her nose is fairly smooth and even, save that it is somewhat broad at the tip and somewhat flattened, yet it is no snub-nose. Her nostrils are also broad, her mouth fairly wide. Her lips somewhat full, and especially the lower lip. Her teeth which are fallen and grown again are white enough, but the rest are not so white. The lower teeth project a little beyond the upper; yet this is but little seen. Her ears and chin are comely enough. Her neck, shoulders, and all her body and lower limbs are reasonably well shapen; all her limbs are well set. Moreover, she is brown of skin all over, and much like her father; and in all things she is pleasant enough, as it seems to us."

The sword of Edward III

•The great two-handed iron sword of The great two-handed iron sword of King Edward III still survives to the King Edward III still survives to the present day in the royal collectionpresent day in the royal collection

•The sword can be seen in St. The sword can be seen in St. George's ChapelGeorge's Chapel

•The sword hangs by a portrait of the The sword hangs by a portrait of the king depicted with the crowns of king depicted with the crowns of England, Scotland and FranceEngland, Scotland and France

•The earliest record of the sword The earliest record of the sword appears in an Inventory of all the appears in an Inventory of all the Vestments, Ornaments etc of the Vestments, Ornaments etc of the Chapel, taken in the eighth year of the Chapel, taken in the eighth year of the reign of his grandson and successor reign of his grandson and successor King Richard IIKing Richard II

The Black Death It first reached England in 1348Three of Edward's children were to die during the outbreak of bubonic plague in 1348In the aftermath of the Black Death there was inevitable social upheaval

The Death of Edward III

In September 1376 the king was unwell and was said to be suffering from an abscess. He made a brief recovery but, in a fragile condition, suffered a stroke at Sheen on 12th June, 1377

T h a n k y o u f o r y o u r a t t e n t i o n !

Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!