Khethiwe MdluliECE 8814/02

Kennesaw State University

• Georgia Performance Standards• Essential Questions• The phases of matter

-solid-liquid-gas

• Physical properties• Chemical properties• How is matter measured

– Mass– Weight– GravityStructural components of matter

-Atoms -Elements

-Molecules -MetalsConcentration gameReferences

• S5P2: Students will explain the difference between a physical change and a chemical change.

Essential Questions

What is matter?What is matter?

How can matter change?How can matter change?What is a property?What is a property?

Matter

• Matter is anything that takes up space. A compass, computer, and map are a few of the material things, or things made ofmatter in the world.

Matter is everywhere. It occupies space and it has mass.

Matter

Solid Liquid Gas

http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/scienceopticsu/powersof10/

These phases are distinguished by the arrangement of particles

(atoms and molecules) in each kind of matter.

SOLID The particles of a solid are arranged in a rigid structure. Every solid has a precise shape and volume.

LIQIUD The particles of liquids are a little further apart than those of solids. Liquids have a precise volume, but a variable form.

GAS The particles of a gas have no fixed position. They are constantly moving

Melting and Boiling PointsTemperature in Celsius

0 2000 4000 6000

Melting and BoilingPoints

carbon

iron

table salt

water

Substances

Properties

• There are 2 types of properties:Physical and Chemical. Brandon can tell one kind of matter from another by observing its properties.

Physical Properties

• Bob’s favorite food is blue pyramid and smells like cookies.These are examples of physical properties.

http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/states_of_matter

/• Matter has physical properties and chemical properties.

• Physical properties of matter– Color– Ductility– Malleability– Hardness– Smell

Chemical Properties

If you burned your reading book it would break down into substances, such as hydrogen and carbon, that could not be combined again. (But of course we would never do that!!)

Chemical properties of matterChemical properties are only observable during a chemical

reaction.

• Flammability (wood, gasoline)

• Reactivity with oxygen (rusting

Mass

• A physical property that every elephant possesses is mass. The amount of mass in a shark will never change when the object is moved from place to place.

Gravity

• The greater the mass of an object, the more strongly it attracts other objects. The weight of a T rex would be heavier on earth than on the moon, because the earth’s mass is larger than the moon’s

Weight

A physical property that is related to mass is weight. The weight of a bird may change if it is moved to Uranus because weight is determined by gravity.

Atoms

Atoms are the basic building blocks of all the chalk around you. It is the smallest particle of matter that can enter into chemical combinations with other particles.

Elements

Elements are pure substances, made from one type of atom. soda can be broken down into many elements but nitrogen can not be broken down.

Molecules

Atoms make up molecules. Molecules make up a hairy eagle.

Metals

Gold, silver, copper, and iron are examples of metals. A gold diamond is shiny because of its metal properties.

Properties of Metals

Gold conducts heat and electricity. Nickel can be hammered into thin sheets without breaking. Platinum can be pulled into wire.

Nonmetal

The helium in my Christmas balloon is a nonmetal. The Oxygen in the air is not shiny because of its nonmetal properties.

Properties of Nonmetals

A dog cannot conduct electricity. A snap dragon cannot be hammered into thin sheets. A snicker cannot be pulled into wire because they are not metals.

Metalloids

• Metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals.

• Silicon is a metalloid that can be found in many materials such as the sand on Lake Tahoe the glass in my vase and certain plastics that make up my favorite toy, car.

http://www.quia.com/cc/2202.html

Concentration game

References

• http://www.unr.edu/cnetc/multimedia/ppt/shelly-1.ppt

• http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_intro.html

• http://www.nyu.edu/pages/mathmol/textbook/whatismatter.html

• http://www.quia.com/custom/2202main.html •  http://www.kolath.com/wav/wfall6.wav