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Imperialized Nigeria

Great Britain

http://www.giervalk.bravepages.com/GreatBritain/Great-Britain-Map-1.jpg

An island Northwest of Continental Europe

Ireland located to the west

First arrived in Nigeria in 1539

Queen Victoria as leader Frederick Lugard – chosen

governor

(1900) 36,686,000 people

Imperialist Country

Nigeria

In West Africa; Chad & Cameroon in east, Niger to the north, and coast on Gulf of Guinea

Claimed as British colony in 1914

Sir George Taubman Goldie as leader

(1900) 16,000,000 people

Imperialized Nation

Map of Africa, 1914

http://www.compuhigh.com/demo/worldhist/lesson10.html

Why Nigeria?

British had thirst for raw materials in Africa Abundant resources =

industrial growth Tin, cotton, cocoa,

groundnuts, palm oilWanted to secure oil and

ivory trade to gain coastal power

Aimed for economic and political control

Nigeria was key to imperialistic expansion

http://www.refugees.org/uploadedImages/Investigate/Publications_and_Archives/World_Refugee_Survey/Maps/

Nigeria.jpg

Political & SocialEconomic & Geopolitical

British sought to overtake Nigerian military

Could go through diplomatic figures to gain power

Wanted to bring European influence Nigeria was a mix of

various tribes, languages, traditions

Wanted to establish forts and trading ports off coast Competing for trade and

bigger empire in AtlanticSaw new markets in Africa

as great opportunityIntended to draw borders

of land and gain Niger River Delta Major trading port for chief

export palm oil

Why Nigeria?

Geopolitics of Nigeria

Nigerian land was easy to acquire for British

Some rulers signed treaties of protection with Britain and accepted residents Those who rebelled were defeated

by militaryRoyal Niger Company gained

control of palm oil tradeBerlin Conference granted

protectorate of Niger River delta

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_DeabNDTNx68/SVPr7EKXy6I/AAAAAAAAAlY/162HX8mmP-4/s1600/

NigerDelta.gif

Imperializing Nigeria

1. Great Britain took over Nigerian military forces and negotiated with diplomats to create treaty of protection

2. 1885 Royal Niger Company formed under Sir George Taubman Goldie; aimed to add Niger River to British Empire

3. 1901 Nigeria declared British protectorate

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/

Sir_George_Dashwood_Taubman_Goldie_by_Sir_Hubert_von_Herkomer.jpg/220px-

Sir_George_Dashwood_Taubman_Goldie_by_Sir_Hubert_von_Herkomer.jpg

Sir George Taubman Goldie

Resistance Efforts

Some Nigerians opposed British interferenceAfricans as a whole tried combining military forcesBritish Conquest of Benin (1897)

Completed British occupation of Southwest Nigeria Massacre of British consul and his party sparked incident

Anglo-Aro War (1901) Began after increased tension between Aro leaders and British

colonists“His chances of effective resistance have been steadily

dwindling…Thus the African is really helpless against the material gods of the white man, as embodied in the trinity of imperialism, capitalistic exploitation, and militarism.” – Edward Morel, The Black Man’s Burden

Geopolitical Economic

1901 Nigeria became British protectorate

1914 Claimed as a British colony Divided into 2 provinces –

Northern and Southern Nigeria

Economy and education excelled in south more so than north

Trade with Britain turned out uneven Nigeria exported

valuable resources to benefit British

Remained wealthy in natural resources

Economy weakened

Results of Imperialism

Political Social

Utilized strong military style of government Colonized through this

methodBritish missionaries

worked with/against Nigerians along coast

Nigerians adapted to British customs British education system English language Christianity

Improvement of transportation and technology

Separation of tribesFreedom for some

slaves

Results of Imperialism

Bibliography

Anderson, Becky. "Imperialism in Africa: Britain." Chico Unified School District - CUSD Main - CUSD Homepage - CUSD Homepage. 1997. Web. 18 Oct. 2010. <http://www.cusd.chico.k12.ca.us/~bsilva/projects/imperialism/anderson.htm>.

Black, Linda, Larry S. Krieger, and Phillip C. Naylor. "Imperialism." Modern World History. By Roger B. Beck. Evanston: McDougal Littell, 2009. 779-84. Print.

"Britain Benin Conquest 1897." OnWar.com - Wars, Military History, International Relations. Web. 25 Oct. 2010. <http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/uni/uk/18/fbenin1897.htm>.

"Imperialism Case Study: Nigeria - CDA's World History Wiki." Welcome to CDA's World History Wiki Updates - CDA's World History Wiki. Web. 19 Oct. 2010.

<http://cdaworldhistory.wikidot.com/imperialism-case-study:nigeria>. "Nigeria - THE COLONIAL ECONOMIC LEGACY." Country Studies. Web. 18 Oct. 2010.

<http://countrystudies.us/nigeria/53.htm>. "Nigeria: Extension of British Control." Library of Congress Country Studies. June 1991.

Web. 19 Oct. 2010. <http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+ng0028)>.

Williams, Richard. "British Imperialism and Its Influence on Politics in Nigeria." Associated Content - Associatedcontent.com. 12 Jan. 2009. Web. 19 Oct. 2010.

<http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/1364260/british_imperialism_and_its_influence.html>.