karumbalai project

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    What is a slum?

    Urbanization poses several socio-economic

    and environmental problems for cities in India and one

    among them is the rise of slums. A slum represents ahabitat unit with defective physical, social, and

    economic living conditions

    A heavily populated urban area characterized by

    substandard Housing and Squalor. On areas of poor

    housing often characterized by Muti-occupance

    overcrowding.

    Madurai Total Slums : 208

    Slum Relocation

    MYTH: Relocating slum residents to housing projects on

    the outskirts of the city solves the slum problem.

    REALITY: Resettling slum residents far from their original

    homes and job opportunities is not usually viable. The

    economic and social disruption costs are too high.

    What are slums?

    Habitations located on disputed as well as unused

    government, municipal and private land and

    characterized by a serious lack of basic amenities and

    sanitation with dense and overcrowded housing

    conditions.

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    A Slum is taken to mean hutting areas with

    squalid surroundings where:

    Huts are erected in a haphazard manner without proper

    access.

    Minimum basic amenities are lacking

    Protected water supply and drainage arrangements do

    not exist.

    SLUMS Its Roots

    Poverty Prospects in rural areas

    Bigger opportunities in cities Preference on labor market than agriculture Unemployment Improper Government Policies

    Ignorance by Local Bodies

    Reasons of slums:

    Change in agricultural scenario

    No prospects in rural areas

    Bigger opportunities in cities

    Preference on labor market than agriculture

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    Results ofSlums

    Slums = Poverty

    Poor Living conditions

    No Education

    Very poor hygiene conditions

    Poor health care

    A fact reveals that:

    Slum Population all over

    India is 40,297,341 (40 million).

    4% of total Indian population lives in slums

    Almost quarter of Indian metro cities live in slums.

    Sadly 5million of these populations are young children

    (0-6 age group).

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    Occupation in slums

    l Self-employed in primary sector activities: 0.96

    l Non-government salaried employment : 0.15

    l Business 4.46

    l Wage labor and other than own account

    workers 0.42

    l Self-employed professional and worker 5.71

    l Non-earners 3.74

    l Union government employment 7.19

    l State government employment 4.36

    Alarming growth ofSlums in India

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    Initiatives:

    Different Governments have different ways to handle

    the problem of growing slums.

    Various NGOs are also taking initiatives to help govt in

    dealing with this issue.

    Agencies like Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Mission

    (JNNURM) and Slum Rehabilitation Authority (SRA) plan the

    Rehabilitation of the slums in metros.

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    Karumbalai- Introduction

    Karumbalai is a famous developing

    slum in Madurai situated near Anna Bus

    stand. With a wide no of Community people

    living in this locality, this area comprises of

    nearly 2000 poor houses. Spread in all four

    directions it is named by the name

    S.M.Colonyfrom the year 1968. It is a smallunity based slum setting an example for other

    people throughout the State.

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    The Scenetic view of Karumbalai

    History

    In the past 50 years before it was a big pool

    .Thirumalai Nayak used this place to produce

    sugar for his construct his palace .So this

    place was called as Karumbalai .After

    construct that palace our local government

    gave this place to wakf board (minority

    Muslim organization )that time some of the

    rural migrated people occupied this place for

    their residents .After this slum clearance

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    board gave this place to the migrated people

    .Mostly the people migrated from

    kallupatti,virudhunagar ,usilampatti,Andhra

    Pradesh ,tirunelveli,kovilpatti etc

    Total population in Karumbalai

    Caste Male Female

    Sc 1724 1712

    MBC 165 157

    BC 1214 1183

    0C 5 7

    TOTAL 3108 3052

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    SHG (Self Help Groups)

    There are three self help groups namely;

    Tamil Annai Gents Group

    Roja Ladies group

    Kalanjiyam Groups

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    Occupation of people in Karumbalai

    Most Males at this region work as

    masons,carpenters,tailors and run small

    petty shops

    Generally men work as coolie on

    temporary basis.

    Most females work as sweepers, house

    maids/servants in various areas in and

    around the slum

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    SEED- The NGO Sheltering the needs of

    the poor children

    Seed believes in bringing out the potential of

    each child by individual care and attention. So

    many children from among the urban poor

    drop out because of lack of support at home

    and in school. Seed provides the critical

    support necessary for the children to realizetheir potential and succeed - compete on par

    with children from more advantaged classes.

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    Health status

    No visible health hazard or malnutrition.

    But due to their low income and livingconditions there are chances of

    unbalanced diet, which may lead to

    malnutrition and associated diseases.

    Sanitation

    No separate toilet facility.

    Corporation has constructed a common

    toilet. But it is not used properly.

    People themselves have constructed a

    toilet for them.

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    Water Facilities

    Only non drinkable water is available

    Access to purified water is less.

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    Major caste groups in Karumpalai

    There are no of caste groups are here

    .the majority caste are

    yDalits

    yDevar

    yNadar

    yVellalars .

    Major conflict between the castes

    Actually Devar community is the

    dominant community in this area so when the

    festival and celebrating time they use to fight

    with other caste people .And the Dalit

    peoples needs for their basic rights so they

    use to argue with other dominant castes so it

    made a conflict at that time .then each and

    every community has their own temples

    .when the festival time they use to fight .even

    murder also happened once in a year .so

    police always protect and supervise this area

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    .this area comes under E2 anna nagar police

    station .there are number of cases as for this

    conflicts .

    Religious profile

    There are three major religion are

    following here .the majority religious people

    are hindus .you can see lots of hindu temples

    in Karumbalai. The semi majority religious

    people are muslims .there is one sarasans

    mosque and jamath also here .they have build

    Arabic teaching school here .the emerging

    religion here is Christianity .they are

    spreading their religion through the Sunday

    service ,summer camps and weekly twice

    religious meeting .

    Political profile

    Here there are many political parties are

    there .The majority parties are DMK, ADMK,

    VCK .Now the counselor of Karumbalai

    belongs to DMK party.Ward member now is

    Mr.V.Karuppiah .

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    Personalities we meet while visit

    Mr.V.Karuppiah ward counselor

    Mrs .palaniammal Head mistress ofkarumaplai primary school

    Mrs.Indira Gandhi Head of the self help

    group

    Mr.Thamari selvan co-ordinator of seed ngoMrs. Indira sub-inspector of police

    Major disadvantages in a Slum

    oIn addition to their primarily informal-

    sector

    incomes, the residents of these settlements

    suffer from multiple disadvantages:

    opublic services are inadequate,

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    oaccess to health care, education and

    socio-political decision-making processes

    is limited

    oand the protection of public security is

    seldom guaranteed by public authorities.

    Conclusion

    For a long time, the neglect, eviction or

    forced resettlement ofinformal settlers

    was the only response of developing

    countries tothe continuing urbanization

    process.

    There is now aninternational consensus

    that comprehensive improvement of the

    living conditions in informal settlements

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    (slum upgrading) is necessaryin order to

    create conditions for long-term poverty

    reductionand to gradually raise the

    quality of life in poor neighborhoods.

    We shall not finally defeat AIDS,

    tuberculosis, malaria or any of the other

    infectious diseases that plague the developing

    world until we have also won the battle for

    safe drinking water, sanitation and basic

    health care.

    Kofi Annan,

    Former United Nations Secretary-General

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    Caste groups

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    Political parties

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    Major worshiping places in karumbalai

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    Educational instutions

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    Ration shop

    Youth welfare organisation

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    On the field .

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