kahalam decemberr 2020 pages...4 c£m-[n-imcn tamdm≥ tam¿ _tk-en-tbmkv i¿±n-\mƒ ¢oankv...

$: Kahalam Decemberr 2020 pages...4 c£m-[n-Imcn tamdm≥ tam¿ _tk-en-tbmkv I¿±n-\mƒ ¢oankv ImtXm-en m_mh {]n‚¿ B‚v ]ªn-j¿ ssd‰v dh. sPbnwkv ]md-hnf tIm¿ F∏n-kvtIm-∏m$
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2

66666

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c£m-[n-Imcntamdm≥ tam¿ _tk-en-tbmkvI¿±n-\mƒ ¢oankv ImtXm-en°m_mh

{]n‚¿ B‚ v ]ªn-j¿ssd‰v dh. sPbnwkv ]md-hnf tIm¿ F∏n-kvtIm-∏m

FUn-‰¿dh. ̂ m. jo≥ ]me-°p-gn

No v̂ FUn-‰¿dh. ̂ m. t_mhkv amXypt^m¨: 9447661943 [email protected]]{Xm-[n-] kanXndh. tUm. tPm¨ ]Sn-∏p-c-°¬dh. ̂ m. tPmk^v h≈n-bm´vdh. ^m. tPmk^v ]qh-Øpw-X-d-bn¬dh. ^m. Koh¿Kokv hen-b-Nm-ß-ho-ń¬dh. ^m. h¿Kokv hn\-bm-\μv H.-sF.kntUm. sI. hn. tXma-kvIpńdh. kn. tUm. B¿{Z Fkv.sF.kn.dh.- kn. tUm. ARvPen sXtckv Un.Fw.tUm. tj¿fn Ãph¿´v{io. cmPp amXyp

D]-tZ-iI kanXn{io. tP°_v ]p∂qkvdh. ̂ m. hn¬k¨ X´m-cp-Xp-≠n¬dh, ^m. tXmakv Iøm-e-°¬tUm. tXma-kvIpń ]\-®n-°¬{io. t_m_n F{_lmw

k¿°p-te-j≥ amt\-P¿dh.- ^m. tXmakv apI-fpw-]p-dØv - 9446703056

Ih¿ & teHu´vFingraph - 9387811920

t^mt´m{Km v̂kvtXmakv amXyp s\√pthen¬

{]n‚nwKvsk‚ v tacokv {]kv, ]´w, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw˛4

hnemkwss{IkvXh Iml-fw , ka-\zb ]mÃ-d¬ sk‚¿sk‚ v tacokv Imº-kv, ]´w, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw˛4

Unkw_¿ 2020 hmeyw 81 e°w 12

D≈S-°w

FUn-t‰m-dn-b¬

]nXr-samgn

66666

77777tbip

ssZh-Øns‚

shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ apJw

99999

Ih¿ tÃmdn

Ih¿ tÃmdn

tbipssZh-]p-{Xt\m{]hm-N-It\m?

1313131313Ih¿ tÃmdn

a\p-jy-\m-Ip∂ ssZhw

1111155555

5

a\pjymhXmcw

Ih¿ tÃmdn

2121212121k`bnse {][m\

Xo¿∞mS\ tI{μßƒ˛10

C‰enbnse ]mZph

2525252525tIm¨{Kkn\p

thWwImbI¬]NnIn’

3333322222

B\pImenIw

lmt\m°v kmln-Xyhpw]pXn-b-\n-b-a -{K-Ÿ-ßfpw

3535353535

]T\w

]pXp-h-’-c-Øn¬Hcp aI-c-hn-f°v Hm¿Ω

\nco-£-Ww

3838383838^o®¿

kmlnXywNcn{XØn\p

aptº \S∂t∏mƒ

4141414141

tImdlv ZmØm≥ A_odmw

{KŸ\ncq]Ww

4444444444ImenIw

t\XrXzw Hcp ]Zhnb√;{]h¿Ø\amWv

4444455555

6

ssZhsØ I≠ CS-b-∑m¿Zi-e-£-°-W-°n-\m-fp-Iƒ ac-W-Øns‚ \ng¬ hoW Xmgv-h-c-bn-em-Wn-

t∏mƒ. kzX-{¥-ambn, H∂n-t\bpw `b-s∏-Sm-sX, a\p-jy≥ s]mXp-\n-c-Øp-I-fn-

te°pw s]mXp-C-S-ß-fn-te°pw bm{X sNbvXn´v Hcp h¿jw ]n∂n-Sp-∂p. tImhn-

Uv-˛19 F∂ alm-amcn a\p-jy-a-\-kp-Isf `b-Øn¬ Iogvs∏-Sp-Øn-bn´v \mfp-

Iƒ Gsd-bm-bn. Hcp km[m-cW PohnXw F∂v km[y-amIpw F∂v bmsXmcp

\n›-b-hp-an-√msX a\p-jy≥ h√mØ Bi-¶-bnepw Ac-£n-Xm-h-ÿ-bn-ep-am-

Wv. CXn-\n--S-bn-emWv {InkvXp-akv IS-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xv. bqZ-bm-bnse t_Xvse-sl-

an¬ tbip P\n-°p∂ kμ¿`-Ønepw kam-\-amb \ncm-ibpw Ac-£n-Xm-h-

ÿbpw \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. kz¿§w Xpd∂v ame-mJam¿ Cd-ßn-h-cp-

tºmƒ I¿Øm-hns‚ alXzw CS-b-∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬ {]Im-in-®-t∏mƒ Ah¿

hfsc `b-s∏-Sp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. ZqX-∑m¿ Ah-tcmSv ]d-bp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p “`b-

s∏-tS≠ CXm, kI-e-P-\-Øn\pw th≠n-bp≈ henb kt¥m-j-Øns‚

kZzm¿Ø Rm≥ \nßsf Adn-bn-°p-∂p. Zmho-Zns‚ ]´-W-Øn¬ \nßƒ°mbn

Hcp c£-I≥, I¿Øm-hmb {InkvXp, C∂p P\n-®n-cn-°p-∂p”. Ah-sc `bw

hn´p-am-dn. Ah¿ t\sc ]p¬°q-´n-te°v t]mhp-I-bm-Wv. ]p¬°q-´n¬ InS-°p∂

tbip-hns\ Ah¿ I≠p. Ah¿ aS-ßn-t∏m-bXv ssZhsØ al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Ønbpw

kvXpXn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠m-Wv. hn\o-X-lr-Z-b-tØmsS tbip-hns\ I≠p-

ap-́ pI F∂p-≈Xv \ΩpsS Pohn-X-Ønse kp{]-[m\ \nan-j-am-Wv. Pohn-X-Øn¬

Hcn-°epw ad-°p-hm-\m-ImØ Hm¿Ω-I-fmWv tbip-hns\ apJm-apJw ImWp-∂-

Xn-eqsS \ap-s°-√m-h¿°pw e`n-°p-∂-Xv. tbip-km-∂n[yw \ap-°m-g-amb hnizm-

ky-Xbpw Ft∂°pw \ne-\n¬°p∂ ssZh-kvt\-lhpw hmKvZm\w sNøpw.

Ahs‚ hm°p-Iƒ \ΩpsS lrZ-bmg-ß-fn-te°v {]th-in-°p∂p. AXp \Ω-

fnse \∑sb DPz-en-∏n-°p-∂p. tbip bYm¿∞-Øn¬ \sΩ £Wn-°p-∂Xv

\ΩpsS Pohn-X-Ønse Xpd-°-s∏-SmØ GSp-I-fn-te-°m-Wv. \mw Xpd-∂p sN√p-

tºmƒ AhnsS Ahs‚ km∂n-[y-Øns‚ AS-bmfw ImWm≥ Ign-bpw.

ssZhsØ al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Ønbpw kvXpXn-®p-sIm≠pw aS-ßn-t∏mb CS-b-∑m-cpsS

Pohn-X-Øn¬ AXmWv kw`-hn-®-Xv. ssZh-kvt\-l-Øns‚ hnim-e-X-bn¬ Ah¿

Dƒt®¿°-s∏-´p. BSp-I-fp-sSbpw ta®n-en-S-ß-fp-sSbpw \Sp-hn¬ Ah¿ Xs∂

]cn-an-X-∏-Sp-Ønb aßn-b-Xpw, aS-ßn-bncn-°p-∂-Xp-amb Pohn-X-Øns‚ D≈-d-I-

fn-te°v {]Imiw IS∂p sN∂p. B ]cn-an-Xn-Isf Ah¿ \nan-

j-ßƒ sIm≠v AXn-Po-hn-°p-∂Xpw ssZh-a-lXzw {]tLm-jn-

°p∂ t{]£n-X-cp-ambn Ah¿ Xocp-∂p.

CS-b-∑m¿ A\p-`-hn® kam-\-amb A\p-`hw \ΩpsS Pohn-X-

Ønepw \mw B{K-ln-°-Ww. \ap°p Np‰nepw tbip-kvt\-l-

Øns‚ {]` hnS-c-Ww. tbip-hns‚ Icp-W-bpw, Zb-bpw, \oXn-

bpw, {]m¿∞-\-bpw, kvt\l-hp-sa√mw tbip-hn-te°v \nc-¥cw

\sΩ BI¿jn-°-Ww. Aßs\ ssZhw \ap°v G‰hpw kao-]-

ÿ-\m-I-Ww. ssZhw \ap°v kao-]-ÿ-\m-Ip-∂-Xns‚ AS-bm-f-

amWv {Ink-Xp-a-kv. Np‰p-ap≈ temIw apgp-h≥ \mw tbip-hns\

I≠p-ap-́ p∂ CS-ß-fm-I-Ww. tbip-km-∂n-[y-Øns‚ km{μ-Xbpw

ASp-∏hpw {InkvXp-a-kn-eqsS \ap°v A\p-{K-lamI-Ww.

Gh¿°pw {InkvXp-akv Biw-k-Iƒ!

7

temIØn\v im¥nbpw kam[m\hpw {]Xymibpw

\¬Ip∂ {InkvXp-akv ho≠pw kam-K-X-am-Ip∂p. tImhnUv

alm-am-cn -bn¬ \n∂pw tamNn-X-am-Ip-hm\pw km[mcW

PohnXØnte°v IS∂phcm\pw am\hcmin apgph≥

{]XymitbmsS ImØncn°p∂ ImeamWnXv. {]hm-N-I-

{KŸsØ D≤-cn®v kphntijI≥ tbip-{InkvXphns‚ P\-

\-sØ°pdn®v ]d-bp-∂-Xv C]-Im-c-am-Wv. “A‘-Im-c-Øn-¬

ÿnXnsNbvXncp∂ P\ßƒ henb {]Imiw I≠p.

acWØns‚ taJebnepw \ngenepw hkn®ncp∂h¿°mbn

Hcp Zo]vXn DZbw sNbvXp” (aØm. 4/14). {InkvXphpw {InkvXp-

akpw temI-Øn\v \¬Ip∂ kz¿§ob0 A\p`qXntbmSv

Xpe\w sNøm≥ as‰m-∂pan√t√m!

`qan-bn-te-s°m-gp-Inb ssZh-kvt\-l-Øns‚ am\p-jnIcq]-

amWv ]p¬Iq-ń¬ ]nd∂ DÆntbip. “Fs¥∂m¬, Ah\n¬

hnizkn°p∂ Gh\pw \in®pt]mImsX \nXyPoh≥

{]m]n°p∂Xn\pth≠n, Xs‚ GIPmXs\ \¬Im≥

X°hn[w ssZhw temIsØ A{Xam{Xw kvt\ln®p”(tbml. 3/16). ssZhw a\p-jy-\mbn ]nd--∂p F∂p≈Xv

ImXemb {InkvXob hnizmkkXyamWv. a\pjy¿°v

kt¥mjhpw kam[m\hpw Blzm\w sNbvXpsIm≠mWv

amemJam¿ c£Is‚ Xncp∏ndhn DZvtLmjn®Xv. ùXoI

kmlNcyßƒ am{Xa√ a\pjys\ kt¥mjn∏n°p∂Xv.

]ns∂tbm, tbip{InkvXphneqsS e`yamIp∂ kam[m\hpw

im¥nbpw, AXn¬ \n∂v DZv`hn°p∂ k∑\ pw bYm¿∞

kt¥mjw {]Zm\w sNøp∂p. kvt\ln°pIbpw IcpXpIbpw

]ckv]cw Dƒs°m≈pIbpw sNøptºmgmWv bYm¿∞

kam[m\w {]IminXamIp∂Xv.

am\-h-Ip-esØ F√m Ime-L-´-Ønepw `bw ]n≥Xp-S-cp-

∂p-≠v. ]I¿®hym[n, ]ń-Wn, {]IrXnt£m`ßƒ, bp≤w

{Inkva-kns‚{]Xym-i-bn¬

ho≠pw temIw

8

CsX√mamWv AXn\v \nZm\w. `b-Øns‚ \Sp-hn¬ kz¿§w

\ap°v \¬Ip∂ hmKvZm-\-amWv CΩm-\p-th¬ ˛ “ssZhw

\tΩmSp IqsS”. am\-h-Ip-e-Øn\v kam-[m-\-Øn-\mbn CXnepw

henb hmKvZm-\hpw kΩm-\hpw \¬I-s∏-´n-´n-√. CXns‚

Dujvafamb Hm¿ΩbmWv {InkvXpakv. ssZhw \sΩ ad-°p-

∂n-√. {]Xnk‘nIfnepw {]XnIqeßfnepw \mw X\n®√.

k¿ΔNcmNcßsfbpw krjvSn®v ]cn]men°p∂ k¿Δ

i‡\mb ssZhw Xºpcm≥ \sΩ tN¿Øp]nSn°p∂p.

tImhnUv˛19 krjvSn® {]tXyI ]cnXÿnXnbnepw Cu

kvt\lhpw IcpXepw \sΩ BhcWw sNøp∂p F∂ kXyw

\ap°v ad°mXncn°mw. Cu kvt\lhpw IcpXepw Dƒs°m≠v

\ap°p apt∂dmw. Gh¿°pw {InkvXpakns‚ A\p{Klßfpw

]pXph¿jØns‚ BiwkIfpw.

9

ssZhhpw a\p-jy-\p-amb tbip-{InkvXp

hns‚ Bf-XzsØ Bg-ambn Adn-bp-hm≥

ssZhw Hcp-°p∂ Ah-k-c-amWv Cu BK-a-\-

Imew. hnizm-k-Øns‚ IÆp-Iƒ°p -am-{Xsa

tbip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ bYm¿∞ hy‡nXzw ImWp-

hm≥ Ign-bq. a\p-jys‚ kzm`m-hnI Nn¥-

Iƒ°pw, _u≤nI At\z-j-W-ßƒ°pw Hcp-

Imcyw a\-kn-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bmØt∏mgmWv

Dƒ°-Æp-Iƒ Xpd-∂p-Im-tW-≠-Xv. hnizmkw

Dƒ°-Æm-Wv. a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ hnhn[ L´-

ßfpw Ah-ÿ-Ifpw a\-kn-em-°p-hm≥ kzm`m-

hnI_p≤n ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-∂n-S-Øt√ hnizm-k-

Øns‚ IÆpIƒ-Xpdt°-≠-Xv. bp‡n-bpsS

XpS°w apX¬ AXv kw`-hn-°Ww. Hmtcm

imkv{X-Øn\pw AX-Xn-t‚-Xmb \nb-X-amb

am¿§-tc-J-Iƒ D≠v. AXn-eqsS k©-cn-°p-tºmƒ

am{Xsa Ah a\-kn-em-Ip-I-bp-≈q. AXn-kq-£va-

amb AWp-°sf ImWm≥ AXn\p tijn-bp≈

D]-I-c-W-ßƒ thWw, \·-amb IÆp-Iƒ

sIm≠v km≤ya-√. kzm`m-hnI ImgvN-Iƒt]mepw

Nne-t∏mƒ A_-≤-Øn-te°p \bn-°mw. kp{]-

kn-≤-amb kmZr-iyw˛ Ccp≠ shfn-®-Øn¬I≠-

hm-g-ØS ]mºmWv F∂v sX‰n-≤-cn®v Ae-dn-°-c-

bp∂ a\p-jys‚ {]Xn-I-c-Ww. shfn®w F√m-

h¿°pw Bh-iy-am-Wv. AXp -I-Æp-Iƒ°p-am-{X-

a-√, _p≤n°pw at\m-`m-h-ßƒ°pw, Bflo-I-X-

bv°pw, imkv{X-Øn-\pw, ùXo-I-Im-cy-ßƒ°pw

F√mw. a\p-jys‚ ùXoI taJ-e-t]m-se-Xs∂

hnim-ehpw {]m[m-\y-ta-dn-b-Xp-amWv Ahs‚

Bflo-I-ta-J-e. Pohn-X-Øn¬ Bflo-I-Xew

Gsd {][m-\-s∏-´-Xp-X-s∂. Bflo-I-˛ ùXo-I-

`m-hßƒ ka-{K-ambn a\-kn-em-°p-hm\pw Hcp-

t]mse sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-hm\pw Ign-b-Ww. Ch

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ c≠√ ˛ H∂ns‚ hyXyÿ

A¿∞-X-e-am-Wv. ]Ww Hcp-h\v {]ikvXn°pw

kpJ-tem-ep-]-Xbv°pw D]m-[n-bm-sW-¶n¬ as‰m-

cp-h≥ AXv kaq-l-kr-jvSn-°p≈ G‰w \√

tijn-bm-bn- Im-Wp-∂p.

Ih¿ tÃmdn

B¿®p-_n-j∏v tUm. tXmakv am¿ Iqdn-temkv

10

DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v: Cub-Sp-Ø-k-a-bØv

C¥y-bnse G‰w {]i-kvX-amb Sm‰m- k¨kns‚

kmc-Yy-Øn¬ \n∂p ]Sn-bn-d-ßnb cØ≥ Sm‰m-

bpsS Pohn-Xhpw \ne-]m-Sp-Ifpw a\-kn-em-°p-

hm≥ CS-bm-bn. Ata-cn-°-bn¬ \n∂pw B¿°n-

sS-°-®-dn¬ _ncp-Z-hp-ambn FØnb At±lw

km[m-c-W-°m-c-\mb Hcp sXmgn-em-fnsbt∏mse

kz¥w Iº-\n-bn¬ tPmen-sN-bvXp. ]n∂oSv R.J.D.Sm‰ hnc-an -®-t∏mƒ At±lw cØ-s\-bmWv

Bÿm-\-tØ°v Ah-tcm-[n-®-Xv. ]n∂o-S-t±-l-

Øns‚ \qX-\-ß-fmb kao-]-\-ßƒ a\p-jy-\p-

ambn _‘-s∏´ k¿Δ-ta-J-e-Ifpw B IpS-°o-

gn¬ sIm≠p-h-cm≥ klm-bn®p. 21 h¿jw Cu

{]ÿm-\-ß-fpsS Aa-cØv {]h¿-Øn®v 1991 ¬

ÿm\-ta-ev°p-tºmƒ 10,000 tImSn BkvXn-bn¬

\n∂v 475721 tImSn-bmbn h¿≤n-∏n-®p. A¥m-cmjv{S

{_m‚p-I-fmb sSSven, PmKzm¿, em≥t{Sm-h¿, tImd-

Ão¬ F∂nh Gs‰-Sp-Øp. F{X-e£w Bfp-

Iƒ°p - tPmen, C¥y-bpsS kº-Øv hy -

hÿbpsS apt∂‰w. km[m-c-W-°m-cs‚ Pohn-

XsØ kzm[o-\n-°p-∂p. Ip™p-ßƒ°p≈

t]mj-Im-lmcw XpS-ßn, BUw-_c Imdp-Iƒ

hsc tN¿Øp-h-®-t∏mƒ ]WØn\v “kap-l-kr-

jvSn-bpsS C‘\w” F∂ t]cv e`n-®p. Rm≥ ]d-

bm-\m-{K-ln-®Xv GXp-h-kvXp-hns‚ aqeyhpw apey-

Nyp-Xnbpw \n›-bn-°p-∂Xv AXv ssIImcyw

sNøp∂ a\-km-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v hy‡n-bpsS

hfsc {][m-\-s∏´ LS-I-amWv a\-kv, Bflo-I-

`m-hw, kz`m-h-hn-ip≤n XpS-ßn-b-h.

A©v cq]-bp-ambn temtd-t‰m -tIm¨h‚ v

hn´ aZ¿ sXtc-kmbv°v Xt‚Xm-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-

∂Xv Ipcn-in¬ F\n°p Zmln-°p∂p F∂p

]d™ Bfl-\m-Y-\m-bn-cp-∂p. 173 cmPy-ß-fn¬

]mh-s∏-´-h-cpsS ip{iq-jbv°v `c-W-I¿Øm-°ƒ

Xs∂ AΩsb hnfn-®p-h-cp-Øn. Imcy-ßƒ ka-

{K-X-bn¬ a\-kn-em-°p-tºmƒ am{Xsa A¿∞w

D≠m-hq. ̀ mKo-I-amtbm, kzIm-cy-am-tbm, kzm¿∞-

]-c-amtbm bmYm¿∞y-ßsf kao-]n-°m-Xn-cn-

°m≥ {i≤n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

ss{IkvXh Pohn-X-Øns‚ BWn-°√v

ssZho-I-sh-fn-]m-Sm-Wv. ssZhw Xs‚ kvt\lw

\nanØw {]]-©sØbpw AXn -ep≈ ka-

kvXhpw-, hy‡n-]-c-ambn krjvSn®p; kvt\lw

]¶p-h-bv°p-∂-Xn\v a\p-jy-s\bpw. a\p-jyt\m

{]]-©tam C√mØ Hc-hÿ Nn¥n-®p-t\m-°pI.

F{X A¿∞-iq-\y-am-Wv. ssZhw krjvSn® Cu

alm {]]-©-Øns‚ Dƒ°mºv Adn-bp-hm\pw

hnI-kn-∏n-°p-hm\pw Ah a\p-jy˛ {]]-©-k-lm-

bn-bmbn Xocp-hm\pw Ign-bp-∂-X-c-Øn¬ C∂v

hf¿∂n-cn -°p-∂p. ssZhsØ Adn-bp-hm\pw

ssZhoI _‘-Øn-te°v FØp-∂-Xn\pw a\p-

jy\p ssZhw km≤yX sImSp-Øp. G‰w \√-

Xpw, {]tbm-P-\-{]-Zhpw Blvfm-Z-I-c-hp-ambXns\

a\p-jy\p kzbtah kzoI-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ Hcp

{]h-WX. F∂m¬ Ft∏mgpw Aßs\ kzoI-cn-

°-W-sa-∂n-√. Xs∂ t]meokv ]nSn-°p-sa∂pw

Xs‚ kzmX{¥yw l\n®v I¬Xpd-¶n-em-°p-

sa∂pw Adn-bm-sa-¶nepw a\p-jy≥ sX-‰p -sN-

øp∂p. F∂m¬ _lp-`q-cn-]£wt]cpw \∑sb

kvt\ln-°p-Ibpw Xn∑sb Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. BZy-a-\p-jys‚ hmkw ssZh-tØm-sSm-

∏hpw ]q¿Æ-amb ssZhm-\p-{K-l-Ønepw Bbn-

cp-∂n´pw Ah≥ ssZh-km-an]yw Dt]-£n®v sX‰p-

sNbvXv \njvImkn-X-\m-bn. ssZhoI kman-

]ysØ°mƒ XmXvIm-en-I-am-bn-s´-¶nepw a\p-

jy≥ Xn∑ CjvS-s∏-´p. Xn∑-bpsS kpJ-tem-ep-

]-Xn-bn¬ apgp-In. F∂m¬ Xs‚ Omb-bnepw

kmZr-iy-Ønhpw krjvSn-°-s∏´ BZm-ans\

ssZhw c£n-°p-∂p. Ah-\p-th≠n a\p-jy-\mbn

]nd-°p-∂p. Ahs\ c£n-°p-∂p. Xs‚ H∏w

Ah\p ]dp-Zokm kt¥mjw \¬Ip-∂p. ssZh-

an-s√-¶n¬ a\p-jy-k-t¥m-j-an-√. ssZhw \tΩm-

Sp-IqsS D≠m-IpI F∂-XmWv kt¥m-j-Øns‚

Imc-Ww. \tΩm-Sp-IqSn Bbn-cn-°p∂ ssZh-sØ-

°p-dn-®mWv \mw Ct∏mƒ [ym\n-°p-∂-Xv.

a\p-jy≥ \∑-bn-te°pw ssZho-I-X-bn-

te°pw B`n-ap-Jy-ap≈-h-\m-Wv. ImcWw Ah\p

BXy-¥nI \∑sb Xnc-kvI-cn-°mt\m \ncm-I-cn-

°mt\m Ign-bn-√. Hcp ]s£ km[m-c-W-°m¿

sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse F√m-hcpw ssZh-Øn-te°p

Xncn-b-W-sa-∂n-√ ˛ F∂m¬ Ahcpw \ne-\n-

ev°p∂ Hcp Imcy-sØ-bmWv apdp-sI-]n-Sn-°p-

∂X,v Ah-cpsS _p≤n°v AXv kzoIm-cy-am-Wv.

km[m-c-W-°m¿ kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xns\ \nt£-[n-°p-

∂-h¿ \n-tj-[n-°p-∂hbv°v km¿Δ-{XoI ̀ mhhpw

k\m-X-\-Xzhpw kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p. CXp a\p-jy-_p-

≤n-bpsS {]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv. Ah\p kzbsa

Ahs\ X≈n-∏-d-bm≥ Ign-bn-√ F∂Xv. DZm-l-

c-W-Øn\v ssZhm-ÿn-XzsØ \ncm-I-cn-°p∂ Hcp-

h≥ B \n-cm-I-cn-°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-

∂p-≠v. As√-¶n¬ Ah-\-ßs\ ka¿∞n-°p-hm≥

Ign-bn-√. s]mXpsh a\p-jy≥ ssZh-hn-izm-kn-

bmWv. Ah\p ssZh-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-

hm-\mWv IqSp-X¬ _p≤n-ap-t´-≠Xv˛ ImcWw

F√mw ssZhm-ÿn-Xz-Øn-te°p hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂p.

a\p-jy≥ ssZh-Øn-te°p kzbsa BI¿jn-°-

s∏-́ n-cn-°p-∂XpsIm≠pw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb ka-

ky-Iƒ°p ssZhsØ IqSmsX DØ-c-ßƒ C√

F∂ Xncn-®-dn-hnepw Ahs‚ Ign-hn-\-∏p-d-amb

]eXpw kw`-hn-°p-tºmƒ A¿∞w tXSp-∂n-S-

ambpw ssZhw BIp-tºmƒ ssZhm-t\z-jWw a\p-

jy-krjvSn apX¬ D≈-Xm-Wv F∂v kΩ-Xn-

t°≠nhcpw. Xs‚ hnizm-kw-sIm≠v Bsc-

sbms° hniz-kn-∏n°mw F∂-X√ ˛ Xs‚

PohnX-w A¿∞-]q-cn-X-am-°p∂ A\p-̀ hw Ahs\

[\y\pw kwXr-]vX\pw B°p-∂p. AXn\vssZhw

AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-am-Wv. Cßs\ ssZhmt\zj-

W-Øn¬ hm¬ao-I-amb DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ D≈ Hcp

11

kwkvIr-Xn-bmWv `mc-X-Øn-\p-≈-Xv. F{Xtbm

al-Xzhpw t{ijvT-hp-amWv AXv. ]p√nepw

]qhnepw, XqWnepw Xpcp-ºnepw ad-™n-cn-°p∂

ssZh-sØ-∏‰n Cu \mSns‚ amap-\n-am¿ \sΩ

]Tn-∏n®p: “Cuim-hmkyw CZw k¿Δw” F∂Xv

D]-\n-j-Øns‚ BZy-]-√-hn-bm-Wv. ssZhw \nd-

™p-\n¬°p-∂ {]]©w˛ k¿ΔXpw Ah-\mWv

F∂ DZm-Ø-`mhw.

ss{IkvXh hnizm-k-Øn¬ ssZhw a\p-

jys\ tXSp∂ kXy-am-Wp-≈-Xv. Xm≥ krjvSn®

a\p-jy-\p-am-bp≈ _‘w F∂pw ]pe¿Øp∂

ssZhw. a\p-jys\ X∂n-te°p BI¿jn-®p-sIm-

≠n-cn-°p∂ ssZhw. ss__n-fn¬ ImWp-∂Xv

a\p-jy≥ ]m]w sNbvXv ssZh-km-∂n≤yw Dt]m-

£n-®p-t]mbn F¶nepw Ah-s\-tXSnt∏mIp∂

ssZhsØbmWv. a\p-jy-\nse A]m-c-amb \∑-

I-fn¬ hnizmkw D≈ ssZhw. Xs‚ hcp-Xn-°p-

\n¿Øp-I-b√ ˛ Hc¿∞-Øn¬ Xt∂mfw hf-cp-

hm≥ a\p-jy\v kzmX¥yw \¬Ip∂ ssZhw. a\p-

jys\ hniz-kn-°p∂ ssZhw. CXp a\p-jy≥

Nn¥n-s®-SpØ Hcp ssZh-Nn-{X-a√

˛ ssZhw X∂-Øm≥ Bcm-sW∂v

Ncn-{X-Øn¬ sXfn-hm-bn- Im-Wn®p

X∂n-cn-°p-∂p. a\p-jy-\p≈ ssZh-

Nn{Xw ]e-t∏mgpw Hcp kp∏¿ams‚

Nn{X-am-Wv. AXn-am-\p-joI Ign-

hp≈, F√mw sNm¬∏-Sn -bn¬

\n¿Øp-∂, F√m-h-tcbpw ASn-a-I-

fm-°p∂, B⁄m-\p-h¿Øn-bm-°p-

∂, A¤pX kn≤n-sIm≠v F√mw

\nb-{¥n-°p-∂, FXn-cm-fn -Isf

\njvI-cpWw C√m-Xm-°p∂, F∂p-

th≠ Fs¥√mw am\p-jnI hnti-

j-W-ß-fpt≠m Ah-bpsSsb√mw

superlative form. Ncn{X-Øn¬ a\p-jy-

\p -ambn _‘-s∏-Sp∂ ssZhw

hyXy-ÿ-\m-Wv. ssZhw Bsc∂v

ssZh-amWv ]d-tb-≠-Xv. a\p-jy≥

hnizm-ktØmsS ]n≥sN-∂m¬ Cu

ssZhsØ I≠p-ap-́ p-hm≥ ˛ A\p-

-̀hn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. {InkvXp-akv

AXm-Wv. k¶¬∏-ßtfm a\p-jy-

_p-≤n -bpsS Is≠-Ø-ep-Itfm

A√˛ ]®-bmb a\p-jys‚ IÆp-

Iƒ°p apºn¬ Ah-X-cn -°p∂

ssZho-I- Im-cp-Wyw. a\p-jy-s‚

k¿Δ -[m-c-W-I-sfbpw D√w-Ln-

°p∂ ssZh-Øns‚ khn-tijX.

hn. eq°m-bpsS kp-hn-tij

Øn¬ at\m-l-c-amb hnh¿Æ-\-

amWv \mw ImWp-I. AhnsS c≠v

cmPm -°-∑m -sc -bmWv \ap°p

ImWm≥ Ign-bp-I˛ tdmamN{I-

h¿Øn kok-dns‚ AwKo-Im-c-ap≈

tltdm-tZ-kv˛ P\-ßsf AS°n `cn-°p-∂-h≥;

[mcmfw ]S-bm-fn-Iƒ D≈-h≥; cmP-sIm-́ -c-Øn¬

kpc-£n-X-Xz-Øn¬ Ign-bp∂ hy‡n; Xn∂p-Ip-Sn®v

D∑-Ø-\m-Ip-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-h≥; F√m-hcpw

X\n°p th≠n \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p˛ Xm≥ tI{μo-Ir-

X-am-bn k¿ΔXpw. CXn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-ÿ-amb

as‰mcp cmPm-hns\ \ap-°p-Im-Wm≥ Ign-bp-∂p.

1) Ah≥ ]nd∂p hoWXv Imen-I-fpsS Iq´n¬

2)Ahs‚ kpc-£n-X-Xz-Øn-\mcpw Imh-em-bn-́ n-√.

3) amem-J-am-cpsS hyql-amWv Ah-\p-≈-Xv.

4)Ah\v Io‰p-io-e-I-fmWv icocw ad-bv°m-\p-≈-Xv.

5)Ah≥ ]p¬sØm-́ n-bn¬ InS-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXm-

bXv Ah≥ `£-W-am-sW∂v sXfn-bn-°p-

∂p.A¥y-A-Øm-g-k-a-bØv CXm-Wt√m kw`-

hn-®-Xv.

Ncn-{X-Ønse ssZh-Øns‚ kz`m-h-am-WnXv.

CXv Icp-W-bp-tS-XmWv; kvt\l-Øn-t‚-Xm-Wv;

Bscbpw tXmev∏n-°p-∂-Xns‚tbm Iogvs∏-Sp-Øp-

∂-Xn-t‚tbm A√˛ kzbw tXm¬°p∂ ssZhw;

12

a\p-jy-s\ -X-t∂m-sSm∏w hf¿Øp∂ ssZhw. hn.

sFd-t\bkv ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse God’s glory is manbeing fully alive.

ssZhw \ΩpsS `mKhpw `mK-t[-b-hp-am-Wv.

Cu ssZho-I-X-bn-te°v Bg-s∏-Sp-hm≥ a\p-jy\p

Ah-Im-i-ap-≠m-Ip∂p F∂-XmWv ]c-am-{]-[m-\-

amb Imcyw. ssZhw a\p-jy-\m-bXv \sΩ ssZh

a°ƒ B°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn-cp∂p. CXn\v ]uckvXy

k`-I-fpsS Z¿i-\-Øn¬ Deification F∂mWv ]d-

bp-I. “God became man so that man may become God”St. Athanasius: hn. sFd-t\-bkv. “God become whatwe are in order to make us what He is himself”. BZ-

Øns‚ ]m]w ssZh-sØ-t∏mse BIm≥ {ian-

®-Xn-em-bn-cp-∂-t√m. kmØm≥ IpSne X{¥-ßƒ

sa\-™v Ahs\ ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂pw AI-‰n-b-

t∏mƒ Ahs‚ B B{K-lhpw ssZhw km[n-®p-

sIm-Sp-Øp. CXv km≤y-am-bXv ssZhw a\p-jy-

\m -b -Xp -sIm -≠m -Wv . AXmWv tbip -

{InkvXphns‚ a\p-jym-h-Xm-cw. Cu henb ssZh-

{]-Xy£w \mw a\-kn-em-°p-tºmƒ ssZh-Øn\p

a\p-jy-tcm-Sp≈ kvt\l-amWv ImWp-hm≥ Ign-

bp-I. \mw A\p-Zn\ Pohn-X-Øn¬ IqZm-i-I-fn-

eq-sSbpw {]m¿∞-\-bn-eq-sSbpw hnip≤ hN\

hmb-\-bn-eq-sSbpw ssZh-Øn-te°v H∂m-I-Ww.

\ΩpsS kmam\y _p≤n-°p -a-\-kn-em-°p-

hm≥ _p≤n-ap-´p≈ H∂mWv ssZhØns‚ X\-

Xmb Cu khn-ti-jX. ZpjvS -cp -sS -taepw

injvTcpsS taepw Hcp-t]mse kqcys\ DZn-∏n-

°p-∂-h\pw ag-s]-øn-°p-∂-h-\pw. sX‰n-t]m-b-

hs\ tXmfn-te‰n XncnsI sIm≠p hcp∂ Zo¿L-

£-a-bpsS {]Xo-Iw, t\ml-bpsS s]Íw t]mse

F√m-Øn\pw CSw sImSp-°p∂ CS-b-\mb

ssZhw. CXv A\p-̀ -hn-®-dn-tb≠ ssZhoI-X-bmW,v

A√msX Pohn-X-hp-ambn _‘-an-√mØ a\pjy

_p≤n-bpsS bp‡n-bn¬ Is≠-Øp∂ ssZh-a-√.

shfn-]m-Sns‚ ssZhw Iq´m-bva-bpsS ssZh-am-Wv.

ssZhw Hcp IpSpw-_-am-Wv. _‘-ß-fpsS A\p-`-

h-amWv ssZhØn¬ D≈X.v AXp-sIm≠mWv

ss{IkvX-h¿ C{Xbpw D]-hnbpw Imcp-Wy-{]-hr-

Ønbpw sNøm≥ ap∂n-ń-dßp∂Xv. kzbw sNdp-

Xm-hp∂, C√m-Xm-Ip-∂, kzbw `£-W-am-Ip∂

ssZhw. hn. AΩ-t{X-kym-bpsS {][m-\-amb Hcp

B]vX-hmIyw Hm¿°p-∂p˛ “Let God be God”ssZhsØ Domesticate sNø-cp-Xv. AXm-bXv

\ΩpsS coXn-Iƒ°pw Pev]-\-ßƒ°pw tNcp-∂-

co-Xn-bn¬ sacp-°m≥ {ian-°-cp-Xv. \mw C∂p- Im-

Wp∂ ssZh-Øns‚ t]cn-ep≈ B{I-a-W-ß-fpw,

òI-c-{]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw tNcn-Xn-cn-hp-Ifpw ]c-tem-

IØv e`n-°p-sa∂p ]d-bp∂ ùXo-I-amb kpJ-

hm-KvZm-\-ßfpw C{]-Imcw ssZhsØ am\p-joI

_p≤n -bnepw cmjv{Sob apX-se-Sp -∏p -

Iƒ°pth≠nbpw Zpcp-]-tbm-Kn-®XpsIm≠pw

]Whpw a‰p kzm[o-\-ßfpw hgn Ch t\Sn FSp-

°m≥ {ian-®-Xp-sIm-≠p-am-Wv. ssZh-Øns‚ khn-

tijX Ah≥ kvt\l-am-sW-∂-Xm-Wv. B

kvt\lw ssZhw ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hp-amb ssZh-am-sW-∂p≈ shfn-]m-Sm-Wv.

ssZh-Øns\ßs\ ]nXm-hm-Im≥ Ignbpw, ssZh-

Øn-s\-ßs\ a\p-jy-\m-Im≥ Ign-bpw, ssZh-

Øn\p Fßs\ amXm-hns‚ DZ-c-Øn¬ Dcp-hm-

Im≥ Ign-bpw XpS-ßnb tNmZy-ßƒ taep-≤-cn®

bp‡n am{X-amb kao-]-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw hcp-

∂-h-bmWv. Chbv°p bmYm¿∞y-hp-ambn Hcp

_‘hpw C√. ss{IkvX-h-cm-b-h¿ tbip-{In-

kvXp-hns\ Bg-Øn¬ Adn-b-Ww. Ah-\p-ambn

hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘w t\S-Ww. ]cn. {XoXz-

Øn¬ Aßs\ hkn-°p-hm≥ I-gn-bpw. \ap°v

tbip-\m-Y≥ amXr-I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ AXn¬

\n∂pw F{Xtbm hne-tb-dn-b-XmWv Ah-\n-eqsS

]cn. {XoXz-Øn-te°pw B Iq´-bva-bn-te°pw

{]th-in-°p-hm\pw Pohn-°p-hm\pw Ign-bp-I.

]cn. {^m≥knkv am¿]m∏-bpsS “\mw

F√mw ktlm-Z-c -ßƒ” ˛ Fratelli tutti F∂

Nm{InI teJ\w Cu ssZhoI Bhn-jvIm-c-

Øns‚ _mly-amb cq]-am-Wv. \ap°p a‰p-≈-h-

cn¬ tbip-hn-s\bpw tbip-hn¬ a‰p-≈-h-scbpw

ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂p. CXv hnπ-hm-fl-I-amb Z¿i-

\-am-Wv. hn. aZ¿ sX-tckm ]dbpw Rm≥ hnip≤

Ip¿_m-\-bn¬ ]mh-s∏-́ -h-tcbpw ]mh-s∏-́ -h-cn¬

tbip -hn -s\bpw ImWp -∂p. AsX tbip -

AXpt]mse \ap°p ssZhsØbpw ssZh-Øn¬

\sΩbpw kwtbm-Pn-∏n-°p-∂p. a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-

Øns‚ G‰w \√-^-e-am-Wn-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v

]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp c£-am-{X-a-√ ˛ adn®v

ssZho-I-X-bn-ep≈ Hcp A\p-`h-am-Wv a\p-jym-

h-Xmcw. \ΩpsS ]q¿Æ-Xbpw al-Xzo-I-c-Whpw

kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv Cu henb Xncp-\m-fn-em-Wv.

]nXm-hns‚ Cu kvt\l-Øn¬ tbip-{InkvXp

\sΩ ebn-∏n®v ]cn. Bflmhp \sΩ D÷z-en-∏n-

°p∂ henb kwKaw. De-bnse Xobn¬

t{]m÷z-en-°p∂ Ccp-ºp-I-£Ww t]mse˛

Xobpw Ccpºpw th¿Xn-cn-°m-sa-¶nepw kz`m-h-

Øn¬ H∂m-bn-Xo-cp-∂p. F{X-a-l-Ø-cw.

13

ssZh-]p-{X\msW¶n¬ {]hm-N-I-\m-Im≥

]‰n√ Ft∂m {]hm-N-I-\m-W-¶n¬ ssZh-]p-{X-\m-

Im≥ ]‰n-s√t∂m D≈ ap≥hn-[n-bmWv tNmZy-

Øns‚ ]n∂n-se-¶n¬ sX‰n. AXp-sIm≠v F√m

{]hm-N-I-∑mcpw ssZh-]p-{X-∑m-cm-sW∂v sX‰n-

≤-cn-°m\pw ]mSn-√. ]ns∂ ssZh-]p-{X-s\-∏-‰n-bm-

sW-¶n¬ ]e-ssZ-h-]p-{X-∑m-cn-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬, D≠m-

Im≥ km[n-°m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ hfsc kp\n-›n-X-

ambn ]dbmw: ssZh-]p-{X≥ {]hm-N-I≥ Xs∂-

bm-sW-∂v. F∂m¬ Cu tNmZy-Øn\v as‰mcp

kμ¿`-ap-≠v. AXv tbip-hns\ kw_-‘n®v

CubnsS {]N-cn-°p∂ Nne hmZ-ap-J-ß-fm-Wv.

tbip-hns\ Hcp {]hm-N-I-\mbn kzoI-cn°mw

F∂m¬ ssZh-]p-{X-\mbn kzoI-cn-°m-\m-In√

F∂v hmZn-°p∂ Nne A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ. CXns‚

]n∂nse Dt±iy e£y-ßƒ F¥m-sW∂v hy‡-

a-√. Ah F¥m-bmepw ss__n-fn-s‚ shfn-®-

Øn¬ tbip Bcm-sW∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°m-\mWv

ChnsS {ian-°p-∂-Xv.

tbip-hns\ ]‰n Adn -bm-\p≈ G‰hpw

{][m\ t{kmX- p-Iƒ kphn-ti-j-ßƒ Xs∂-

bm-W-t√m. Ch tbip-hns‚ hm°p-Ifpw {]hr-

Øn-Ifpw Fgp-Xn-t®¿Øv cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂

kphn-ti-j-ß-fn-eqsS tbip Bsc∂v ÿm]n-°p-

I-bmWv sNøp-∂Xv F∂v BZyw t\m°mw. ka-

b-{I-a-Øn¬ BZyw Fgp-X-s∏-´Xv F∂-Xn\v

]WvUn-X¿°n-S-bn¬ A`n-{]mb hyXymkw

C√mØ Imcy-amWv am¿t°mkv Fgp-Xn-b-k-kp-

hn-ti-j-amWv BZyw cNn-°-s∏-´Xv F∂-Xv. F.-

Un. Fgp-]-Xn\v apºv CsX-gp-X-s∏´psh∂v hy‡-

dh. ^m. ^nen∏v sNº-I-t»cn

Ih¿ tÃmdn

14

am-Wv. F¥mWv Cu kphn-tij cN-\-bn¬

am¿t°m-kns‚ e£yw? kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ BZy

A[ym-b-Øn¬ Xs∂ (1.1) am¿t°mkv Xs‚

{KŸw F¥m-sW∂v hy‡-ambn ]d-bp-∂p.

ssZh-]p-{X-\mb tbip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ kphn-

ti-j-Øns‚ Bcw-`w.

A¿Yw hy‡-amWv tbip-{In-kvXp-hns\

ssZh-]p-{X-s\∂v Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv, tbip

ssZh-]p-{X-s\∂v ÿm]n-°p-I-bmWv Xs‚ kphn-

ti-j-Øns‚ e£y-sa∂mWv am¿t°mkv

ChnsS ]d-bp-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v tbip {]hm-

NI-\-s√∂v A¿Y-an-√. 8.27-˛28 ¬ tbip injy-

tcmSv tNmZn-°p-∂p, Rm≥ Bsc-∂mWv Bfp-Iƒ

]d-bp-∂Xv? Bfp-I-fpsS A`n-{]mbw ]e-Xm-Wv.

kv\m]-Itbm-l-∂m≥, Genbm, {]hm-N-I-∑m-cn¬

Hcp-h≥ Fs∂m-s°-bp≈ A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ Ah¿

tbip-hns‚ ap∂n¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p. F∂m¬ Cu

adp-]-Sn-Iƒ tbip-hns\ Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn√

F∂v hy‡w. AXp-sIm-≠m-Wt√m Xs‚ injy-

∑m-cpsS A`n-{]mbw Bcm-bm≥ tbip Xøm-dm-

Ip-∂-Xv. tbip tNmZn-°p-∂p, F∂m¬ Rm≥

Bsc-∂mWv \nßƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv? ]t{Xm-kns‚

adp-]Sn Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. \o {InkvXp-hmWv

(8,29). Cu adp-]-Sn-°p-tijw as‰mcp DØ-chpw

tbip Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. Cu DØ-c-Ønepw

tbip ]q¿W-\mbn Xr]vX-\m-sW∂v tXm∂p-∂n-

√. ImcWw Cu DØcw \¬Inb ]t{Xm-

kns\∏‰n {]iw-km-cq-]-Øn¬ tbip H∂pw ]d-

bp-∂n√ F∂p am{X-a-√, ]t{Xmkv ]d™ Cu

Imcyw Bcpw Adn-b-cp-sX∂v tbip B{K-ln-°p-

I-bpw sNøp-∂p.

{InkvXp-hmWv tbip F∂p ]d-™m¬ AXv

kXy-a-t√. kXyw Xs∂-sb-¶nepw Ft¥m IqSn

tN¿°m-\p-≠v. F¥m-WXv? Xs‚ ]oUm-\p-`-h-

Øn-s‚bpw ac-W-Øn-s‚bpw shfn-®-Øn¬ tbip-

hns‚ ]q¿WX shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-XmWv icn-bmb

adp-]-Sn. AXv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv iXm-[n-]-\m-Wv.

Cu a\p-jy≥ kXy-ambpw ssZh-]p-{X-\m-bn-cp∂p

(15,39). CXmWv BZyw Fgp-X-s∏´ kphn-ti-j-

Øns‚ A¥n-a-amb km£yw. tbip ssZh-]p-

{X-\m-Wv.

Ah-km\w Fgp-X-s∏´ kphn-tijw tbml-

∂m-s‚-Xm-W-t√m. AXv ssZhamb hN-\sØ (1.1)

Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v Bcw-`n®v tbip-hns‚

injy-\mb tXma-kn-s\-s°m≠v ssZh-ata F∂v

kwt_m-[\ sNøn-®p-sIm≠v Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-

∂p. Fs‚ I¿Ømhpw Fs‚ ssZh-hpta (20.28).

ho≠pw Xs‚ cN\m e£yw Fs¥∂v hy‡-

am-°n-s°m≠v tbml-∂m≥ ]d-bp-∂p. F∂m¬

Ch Xs∂bpw Fgp-X-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv tbip

ssZh-]p-{X-\mb {InkvXp-hm-sW∂v \nßƒ hniz-

kn-°p-Ibpw Aßs\ hniz-kn-°pI \nanØw

\nßƒ°v Ahs‚ \ma-Øn¬ Poh≥ D≠m-

Im\pw th≠n-bmWv (20.31).Chn-sSbpw cN-\-bpsS

e£y-amWv kphn-ti-j-I≥ FSp-Øp-]-d-bp-∂-Xv.

F∂m¬ tbip {]hm-N-I-\-s√∂v CXn¬ \n∂v

FØn-t®-cm≥ ]mSn-√. tbip {]hm-N-I-\m-bn-cp∂p

F∂mWv tbip-hns‚ ka-Im-eo-\-cn¬ ]ecpw a\-

n-em-°n-b-Xv. tbip-hns‚ injy-∑m-cn¬ ]ecpw

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰ tbip-hns\ ImWp-∂-Xp-hsc

AØ-c-samcp hnizm-k-amWv ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp-∂-

sX∂v FΩm-hq-kn-te-°p t]mb injy-∑m-cpsS

{]Xn-I-c-W-Øn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-°mw. tbip-hn-

s\-∏‰n Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂p. Ah≥ ssZh-Øn-s‚bpw

a\p-{jp-sSbpw ZrjvSn-bn¬ hm°nepw {]hr-Øn-

bnepw i‡-\mb {]hm-N-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu A`n-

{]mbw tbip JWvUn-°p-∂n-√. Cu injy-tcm-

Sp≈ kw`m-j-W-Øn¬ tbip Iq´n-t®¿°p-∂Xv

Xs‚ acWw bp‡n-k-l-a√ F∂v A`n-{]m-

bsØ Xncp -Øn -s°m≠v AXp -am - {X -amWv

bp‡nkl-sa∂v ÿm]n-°p-I-bm-Wv. tami

XpSßn F√m {]hm-N-I-∑mcpw Xs∂-∏‰n Fgp-

Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv (eq°m 24.27) Ah¿°v hni-Zo-I-

cn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øp. F¥mWv {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ Fgp-Xn-

bn-cn-°p-∂Xv? \ΩpsS AXn-{I-a-ßƒ°p th≠n

Ah≥ apdn-th¬∏n-°-s∏-́ p...-a¿Z-\-Øn\pw in£m-

hn-[n°pw A[o-\-\mbn Ah≥ FSp-°-s∏-´p.

Fs‚ P\-Øns‚ ]m]w \nan-Ø-amWv Ah≥

]oU-\-ta‰v Pohn-°p-∂-h-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂v hnt—-

Zn -°-s∏-´-sX∂v Ahs‚ Xe-ap-d-bn¬ Bcp

IcpXn? (Gi 53.1-˛9).

BcmWv {]hm-N-I≥? ssZh-Øns‚ ktμ-

i-hm-l-I≥, ssZhw Ab-®-h≥. ssZhw Ab-®-

h-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ ktμ-i-hm-l-

I≥ F∂ \ne-bn¬ tbip {]hm-N-I-\m-Wv. Ab-

bv°-s∏-´-h≥ F∂Xv tbip-hns‚ \ma-t[bw

t]mse-bmWv tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ D]-

tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. blq-Z-cpsS sX‰n-≤m-c-W-Isf

Xncp-Øn-s°m≠v tbip ]d-bp-∂p.

Rm≥ Bsc∂pw Fhn-sS-\n∂v hcp-∂p-sh∂pw

\nßƒ°-dn-bmw. F∂m¬ Rm≥ kzta-[bm h∂-

h-\-√. Fs∂ Ab-®-h≥ kXy-hm-\m-Wv. Rm≥

Ahn-SpsØ ASp-°¬ \n∂v hcp-∂p. Ahn-Sp-

∂mWv Fs∂ Ab-®Xv (tbml 7.28-˛29).

Xm≥ Ab-bv°-s∏-´-h-\m-sW∂pw AXn-\m¬

{]hm-N-I-\m-sW∂pw tbip ÿm]n-°p-I-bm-Wv.

F∂m¬ a‰p {]hm-N-I-∑m-cn¬ \n∂v tbip hyXy-

kvX-\m-Wv-˛-c≠p Xc-Øn¬: a‰p {]hm-N-I-∑m¿

ssZh-Øm¬ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´ a\p-jy-\m-Wv.

tbip ssZhw Ab® ssZh-am-Wv. ssZh-am-bn-cn-

°p∂ Cu Ah-ÿ-bn¬ tbip ssZhsØ shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\m¬ tbip-hns‚ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬

Bflm-hn-jvImcw (kzbw shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬) Bbn-

Øo -cp -∂p. ]nXm -hp -ambn KmV_‘w

]pe¿Øp∂ ssZhw Xs∂-bmb GI-Pm-X≥

Ahn-SpsØ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn (tbml 1.18). AXn-

\m¬ tbip {]hm-N-I-\mb ssZh-]p-{X\pw ssZh-

]p-{X-\mb {]hm-N-I-\p-am-Wv.

15

dh. ^m.- tP-°_v tPm¿÷v Nnd-bØv

ssZhw a\p-jy-\mbn! Adnbpw tXmdpw AXn-

i-bn-∏n-°p∂ Cu cl-kysØ AXns‚ ka-{K-

X-bn¬ Xpd-hntbmsS Cu teJ\w kao-]n-°p∂p.

“tbip-{In-kvXp-hn-\p-≠m-bn-cp∂ Cu at\m-`mhw

\nß-fnepw D≠m-I-s´. ssZh-Øns‚ cq]-Øn-em-

bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw Ah≥ ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ kam-

\X \ne-\ndptØ≠ Hcp Imcy-ambn ]cn-K-Wn-

®n-√. Xs∂ Xs∂ iq\y-\m-°n-s°m≠v Zmks‚

cq]w kzoI-cn-®v, a\p-jy-cpsS kmZr-iy-Øn¬

Bbn-Øo¿∂p. BIr-Xn-bn¬ a\p-jy-s\-t]mse

ImW-s∏´p. ac-Ww-hsc AsX Ipcn-ip-a-cWw

hsc Xs∂ Xs∂ XmgvØn” (^n-en∏n 2:5--̨ 9). A∏-

kvtXm-e≥ ]utem-kns‚ Cu kpNn-¥nX ]T\w

Cu hnj-b-Øn\p ASn-Ø-d-]m-Ip-∂p. “\Ωƒ

ssZh-ß-fm-Ip-hm≥ Ahn-Sp∂p a\p-jy-\mbn”F∂p hnip≤ AØ-t\-jykv km£n-°p-tºmƒ

\mw ChnsS N¿®-sN-øp∂ hnj-bsØ Ipsd-

°qSn ÿnco-I-cn-°p-∂p. tXmakv AIzn-t\mkpw

AtXm-sSm∏w \sΩ im‡o-I-cn-°p-∂p, Cu

t_m[-\-Øn-eqsS; “Xs‚ ssZh-Xz-Øn¬ \sΩ

`mK-̀ m-°p-I-fm-°p-hm≥ B{Kln-®p-sIm≠v, ssZh-

Øns‚ GI-]p-{X≥ \ΩpsS {]IrXn kzoI-cn-

®p, a\p-jysc ssZh-ß-fm-°n-Øo¿°p-hm≥

th≠n AhnSp∂p a\p-jy-\mbn”.

Ih¿ tÃmdn

16

]m-]-Øns‚ {]k-c-Ww

ssZh-Øns‚ kz¥w Omb-bnepw kmZr-iy-

Ønepw krjvSn°s∏´ a\p-jy≥ ]m]w hgn-

bmbn \jv´-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv, krjvSm-hn-t\mSv

kwk¿§w \S-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ AXpey Ah-Im-

ihpw Aht\mSv apJm-apJw kwth-Zn-°p-hm-\p≈

Ah-k-c-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]m]-Øns‚ Zwi\w BZn-

am-Xm-]n-Xm-°sf ssZhnI kwk¿KØn¬ \n∂pw,

ssZhw Ahsc H∂n-∏n® _‘-Øns‚ t{iWn-

bn¬ \n∂pw, Ah¿°mbn Hcp-°nb A\p-{K-loX

]cn-ÿ-nXn-bn¬ \n∂pw AI‰n. BZn-a-]m-]-Øn‚

ImXepw ImTn-\yhpw Npcp-°-Øn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°-

s∏-tS-≠-Xp≠v ChnsS. ASn-ÿm\ \njvI-f-¶-X-

bn-epw, kzÿ-X-bn-epw, kzmX-{¥-Øn-ep-amWv

a\p-jy≥ krjvSn-°-s∏-´-Xv. AXv ]m]-Øm¬

\jvS-s∏-Sp -Øn-b-Xns\ c≠mw hØn-°m≥

kp∂l-tZmkv C{]-Imcw ho£n®p; “ssZh-

Øm¬ \oXn-bn¬ krjvSn-°s∏´hs\¶nepw a\p-

jy≥ Ncn-{X-Øns‚ Bcw`w apX¬ Xs∂ Xs‚

kzmX{¥yw Zpcp-]-tbm-Kn®v ssZh-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn

Xs∂ Xs∂ ka¿∏n-®p-sIm≠v, ssZhØn-\p-]p-

dØp Xs‚ A¥n-a-e£yw {]m]n-°p-hm≥ B{K-

ln-®p. a\p-jy¿ ssZhsØ Adn-s™-¶nepw

ssZh-ambn Ahs\ al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-√. Ah-

cpsS hnth-I-c-ln-X-amb lrZbw A‘-Im-c-Øn¬

B≠p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw Ah¿ krjvSmhn\p ]Icw

krjvSn-Isf tkhn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp” (GS 13).Bt_-ens‚ h[-Ønepw, tkmtZmw tKmtam-dm-

bpsS tæ›-X-bnepw ]pd-∏m-Sn-\n-S-bn-ep≈ hn{K-

lm-cm-[-\-bn-epw, {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ A]-e-]n®v X≈n-

°-f™ kIe Xn∑-I-fnepw ]m]-Øns‚ Cu

{]k-cWw \mw ImWp-∂p. ssZhnI I¬∏-\-I-

fpsS kmcmw-i-amb ssZhnI alXzhpw, km¿Δ-

{Xn-I-km-tlm-Z-cy-hpw, kmaq-lnI \oXnbpw

Im‰n¬]-d-Ø-s∏´ kml-N-cy-Øn-emWv C{i-tb-

en¬ {]hm-N-I- ZuXyw Bcw-`n-°p-I. Fs‚

P\w Fs∂ Adn-bp-∂n-√m-sb∂v tbi-øm-bn-eq-

sS-bpw, Poh-P-e-Øns‚ Dd-h-bmb Fs∂ Dt]-

£n®p Pew kq£n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-s]m-´-°n-

W-dp-Iƒ Fs‚ P\w Ipgn-°p-∂p-sh∂v Pd-an-bm-

bn-eq-sSbpw btlm-h-bmb ssZhw ]cn-X-]n-°p-∂p.

BZy-{]-hm-N-I-\mb iap-th-ens‚ Xncs™Sp∏v

_en-th-Zn-I-fn¬ tben-bpsS a°-fpsS Zp¿am¿K-

Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWp kw`-hn-°p-I. ]cn-

ip-≤n-bpsS ]cn-ip-≤n-tb-t]mepw ]ptcm-ln-X-KWw

Zpcp-]-tbm-Kn-®p-sh-∂p-≈Xpw A°m-e-b-f-hn¬

Ah¿ F{X-tØmfw A[-]-Xn-®p-sh-∂p-≈Xpw

CXp km£n-°p-∂p. ssZhw shdp-°p∂ hn{K-lm-

cm-[-\sb i‡ambn FXn¿°p-tºmƒ, AXv

AXns‚ hmNym¿∞-Øn¬ A¿∞-am-°p∂ “]cn-

ip≤ hy`n-Nm-csØ”bmWv {]hm-N-I¿ A]-e-]n-

°p-I. C{i-tb-ense Xmdp-am-dmb kmaq-lnI

hyh-ÿsb hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-XmWv tlmkn-bm-

bpsS {]hm-NI Ime-L-´w. _n.kn F´mw iX-I-

ØnemWp {]hmNI-[¿Ωw At±lw \nd-th-‰p-

I. ssZhw Ah\p \¬Ip-∂- BZy ZuXyw Hcp

thiysb hnhmlw Ign°phm\m-bn-cp-∂p. aW-

hm-f-\mb btlm-htbmSv aW-hm-ń-bmb C{i-

tb¬ F{X-am{Xw Ahn-iz-kvXX Imń-bmepw

Ahn-Sp∂p Xs‚ hniz-ÿX XpS-cp-sa∂v D≈-

XmWv AXp \¬Ip∂ ssZhn-I-imkv{X kqNn-

I. ]s£ F´mw \q‰m≠n¬ C{i-tb-ens‚ `qan-

I-bn¬ Hcp I\y-I-t]mepw Pohn-®n-cp-∂n-√m-sb-

∂p-≈-XmWv AXns‚ Ncn{X hkvXpX. hnPm-

Xob Bcm-[-\mkt¶X-ß-fn¬ Xß-fpsS I\y-

ImXzw ka¿∏n®p Ah-cpsS K¿`-[m-c-W-i‡n

Dd-∏n-®n-cp∂p C{i-tb-ense bph-Xn-Iƒ. Cu Ncn-

{X-bm-Ym¿∞yw C{i-tb-ens‚ ]X-\-Øns‚

Bgw hy‡-am-°p-∂p. hØn-°m≥ kp∂-l-

tZmkv Iptd-°qSn hy‡-ambn kwkm-cn-°p∂p;

“a\p-jy≥ P∑-]m-]-Øns‚ kzm[o-\-Øn¬s∏´v

]e-Im-c-W-ß-fnepw ]e-t∏mgpw ssZh-tØmSpw

a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn-tbmSpw [m¿ΩnI \nb-a-Øns‚

XXz-ßtfmSpw _‘-s∏´ sX-‰p-I-fn¬ \n]-Xn-®p.

X∑qew kZm-Nm-c-\n-b-a-ßfpw, am\p-jnI hyh-

ÿn-Xn-Ifpw Iep-jn-X-am-hp-Ibpw ]e-t∏mgpw a\p-

jy-hy-‡nXzw Xs∂ Nhn-ń-sa-Xn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

sNbvXp.” (AA 7). ASn-ÿm-\-]m]w a\p-jys\

X∂n¬Xs∂ hn -̀Pn-X-\m-°n. am{X-a√, Ah-\n¬

A¥¿eo-\-amb ]m]-Øns‚ i‡n, AXn-s\-Xn-

cmbn X\nsb AS-cm-Sm≥ a\p-jys\ A]-cym-

]vX\p-am-°p-∂p. Rm≥ Zp¿`K\mb a\p-jy≥.

Cu a¿Xy-i-co-c-Øn¬ \n∂pw Bscs∂ hntam-

Nn-∏n°pw F∂p≈ ]utem-kns‚ ]cn-tZ-h\w

{]k-‡-am-Wn-hn-sS. ]m]-Øns‚ \ocm-fn-∏n-SnØw

a\p-jys\ kam-izmkw tXSm≥ \nc-¥cw t{]cn-

∏n-®n-cp∂p. im¥n-Xocw tXSn-b-e-™-Xns‚ am\p-

joI Bbm-kw, tXSn-I-s≠-Øp∂ kvt\l-Øn-

eqsS ssZhw adn-I-S-°p-∂p, a\p-jym-h-Xmc cl-

ky-Øn-eqsS. c≠mw hØn-°m≥ kp∂-l-tZmkv

C{]-Imcw ho£n-°p∂p; “CXm I¿Ømhp Xs∂

a\p-jys\ kzX-{¥-\m-°p-hm-\pw, kam-iz-kn-∏n-

°p-hm\pw Ahs\ B¥-coI-ambn \ho-I-cn-°p-

hm\pw Ahs\ ]m]-Øns‚ ASn-a-Ø-Øn¬ h®n-

cp∂ temI-Øns‚ A[n-Im-cnsb ]pd-¥-≈m\pw

BK-X-\m-bn.” (GS 13) ]utem-kns‚ Cu ]T\w;

“]m]w h¿≤n -®n -SØp Ir] AXn -tesd

h¿≤n®p” (tdma 5:21) F∂p-≈Xv a\p-jys\ ]m]-

Øns‚ ASn-a-Xz-Øn¬ \n∂pw hos≠-SpØ

ssZhnI \oXn-tb-bpw-A-hs‚ hniz-ÿX-tbbpw

Bg-Øn-e-dn-bm≥ \sΩ klm-bn-°p-∂p.

ssZhnI \oXnbpw hniz-ÿ-Xbpw

ssZhw kvt\l-hm-\mb ]nXmhpw \oXn-am-

\mb \ymbm-[n-]-\p-am-Wv. Hcp \mW-b-Øns‚

c≠p-h-i-ß-sf-∂-t]mse ka-⁄- -ambn ktΩ-

fn-°p∂ Cu bmYm¿∞y-ßsf a\-kn-em-°n-sb-

¶n¬ am{Xsa a\p-jymhXm-csØ hni-Z-am-°p∂

ssZh-kvt\-lsØ Bg-Øn-e-dn-bm≥ km[n-°p-

17

I-bp-≈q. Xs‚ \∑bpw hnip-≤nbpw krjvSmhmb

ssZhw krjvSn-bpsS aIp-S-amb a\p-jy-\n-te°p

Nmen-®n-cp-∂p. Ah Xs∂-bmWv Ahs‚ ASn-

ÿm\ \njvI-f-¶-XbpsS ASn-ÿm-\-hpw. BZy

]m]w AXns\ {hWn-X-am-°n-sb-∂p-am-{X-a√,

ssZhw at\m-l-c -ambn I≠ krjvSnbpsS

{IasØ Xmfw sX‰n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. in£

sX‰n-\p≈ kzm`m-hnI \S-]Sn Xs∂-bm-Wv. alm-

hn-ip≤n Xs∂-bmb ssZ-h-Øn-\p, ]m]-Øns‚

]¶n-e-Xsb AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm-t\m, \ne-\n¿Øp-hm-

t\m, ]S¿∂p ]¥-en-°p-hm≥ A\p-h-Zn-°p-hmt\m

Ign-bp-I-bn-√. AtXm-sSm∏w Xs‚ AXn-cp-I-fn-

√mØ kvt\l-Øn¬ krjvSn-°-s∏´, AtXm-

sSm∏w ]m]-Øn-em-gp∂ a\p-jys\ X≈n-°-f-bp-

hmt\m Ah-K-Wn -°p -hmt\m ssZh-Øn\p

BhpIbpan-√. BZn-am-Xm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS Hcp ASn-

ÿm\ hym]m-cw- D-¤-h-]m-]-Øns‚ Nme-Ii-‡n-

bm-sb∂pw, Xe-ap-d-I-fn-te°p ]I-cp∂ ]m]-

Øns‚ i‡n-bmbn AXp \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-sh-∂p-

≈Xpw bmYm¿∞yw Xs∂bmWv. c£m-IcNcn-

{X-Øn-tem, hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øns‚ GSp-I-fntem

amXm-]n-Xm-°fpsS {]hr-Øn-°-\p-k-cWw a°ƒ

in£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂n√ F∂pw ChnsS {]tXyIw

kvac-Wo-b-am-Wv. Pd-an-bm-bn-eqsS Ahn-Sp-∂m-

h¿Øn-°p-∂p. “]nXm-°-∑m¿ ]®-ap-¥n-cnß Xn∂p

a°-fpsS ]√p-]p-fn-®p-sh∂v B \mfp-Ifn¬

Ah¿ ]d-bp-I-bn-√. Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw Ah-\-hs‚

AIrXyw \nan-Ø-amWv acn-°pI” (P-d-anb 31:

23-˛30). ssZh-I¬]-\-Iƒ \nc-kn® BZn-am-Xm-]n-

Xm-°ƒ°p ssZhw \¬Ip∂ in£ XnI®pw

ITn\w Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-h-scbpw ioen-®n-

´n -√mØ Pohn-Xm-tbm-[-\-Øn-te-°pw, Poh-

\{Iaß-fn -te°pw Ah¿ FØs∏Sp∂p.

\oXnbpsS AN-©-e-\n¿Δ-l-W-Øn-eqsS ]m]-

Øns‚ Xnc-kv°-cWw \S-∂-t∏mƒ t]mepw ]m]n-

bmb a\p-jys\ Dt]-£n-°msX Ahs\ At\z-

jn®p Is≠Øn hnfn-°p-Ibpw Xn∑-bp-sS-ta¬

\∑bv°p e-`n-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p∂ hnP-bhpw hogvN-

bn¬ \n∂p≈ ]p\-cp-≤m-c-Whpw Ahn-Sp∂p Adn-

bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. BZna kphn-tijw

(D¬]Øn 3: 9) F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Cu hnh-c-W-

`mKw ssZhw a\p-jy-\m-b-Xns‚ ka-ÿ- bm-

Ym¿∞y-ß-sfbpw IrXy-X-tbmsS kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.

a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øn¬ \n∂pw ]m]w A]l-cn-®-Xn-

t\-°mƒ hfsc IqSp-X-emWv ssZh-kvt\-l-

Øns‚ ]q¿Æ-X-bmb {InkvXp ]m]-Øn-\p-ta¬

hcn® hnPbw AXn\p t\Sn-s°m-Sp-Ø-Xv. kz¥w

Ombbv°pw kmZr-iy-Øn-\paSpØ D¤h hnip-

≤nbpw \oXnbpw a\p-jys‚ kzmX-{¥y-sØ-bpw-

D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xy-tØbpw Ac-°n-́ p-d-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. D¤-

h-]m] ^e-Øn-eqsS Ah Zp¿_-e-ß-fm-bn.

Aßs\ ARvP-X, thZ-\, ac-W-Øns‚ B[n-

]Xyw apX-em-b-hbv°p a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn-hn-t[-b-am-

bn. a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn-bpsS ASn-ÿm\ \oXn-bn-

te°p ]m]-{]-h-W-X, As√-¶n¬ ]m]m-k‡n

Bg-Øn¬ thtcm-Sp-I-bm-bn, D¤-h-]m-]-Øn-eqsS.

F¥p-sIm-≠mWv BZn -a -a -\p -jys\ ]m]w

sNøp∂-Xn¬ \n∂p ssZhw XSbm-Xn-cp-∂-sX∂

tNmZyw ChnsS \ymb-ambpw Db-cmw. tXmakv

AIzn-t\mkv km£n-°p∂p; “BZn-a-]m-]-Øn-\p-

ti-jhpw al-Ø-c-amb Hu∂-Xy-Øn-te°v a\p-

jy-{]-IrXn Db¿Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p XS- -sam-∂p-

an-√. Xn∑ kw`-hn-°p-hm≥ ssZhw A\p-h-Zn-°p-

∂Xv AXn¬ \n∂pw al-Ø-c-amb \∑ ]pd-s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\p th≠n-bm-Wv”. ssZhm-\p-{K-l-

Øns‚ Cu AXp-ey-X-sb G‰p-]-d™v k`

Cßs\ Be-]n-°p∂p; “`mKy-Im-c-W-amb A]-

cm-[-ta... -C{X alm-\mb Hcp c£-Is\ \o

Rßƒ°v- t\Sn X-∂p-h-t√m”. Chn-sS-bmWp ac-

W-Øns‚ i‡n°p a\p-jys\ hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-

hm≥ A\p-h-Zn-°mØ ssZhn-I-]-cn-]m-e-\bpsS

Xc-fn-X-`m-hhpw Ahs‚ kvt\l-Øns‚ Icp-

Xepw \ma -dn -bp -I. ssZhw a\p -jy -\mbn

amdnbXns‚ A\n-hm-cyX kz¿W-\m-hp-Im-c-\mb

{IntkmÃw C{]-Imcw hnh-£n®p; “kz]p-{X-s\-

t∏mepw a\p-jy-\p-th≠n \¬Im≥ X°-hn-[w,

ssZhw Ahs‚ c£sb A{X ]-c-a-{]-[m-\-ambn

]cn-K-Wn-®p. a\p-jys\ D∂-X-Øn-te°v, Xs‚

]°-te-°p-b¿Øn, Xs‚ he-Xp-̀ m-KØp Ccp-Øp-

∂Xp hsc, ssZhw F√m am¿§-ßfpw {]tbm-

Kn®p sIm≠v A\-h-cXw {]h¿Øn-°p-∂p.”

a\p-jy-\m-Ip∂ ssZhw

Acq-]n-bmb ssZhw, Ai-co-cn-bmb ssZhw

Fßs\ a\p-jy-\mbn F∂p-≈Xp \q‰m-≠p-I-

tfmfw k`sb aYn® Hcp tNmZyw B-bn-cp-∂p.

“a\p-jy-cmb \ap-°pw, \ΩpsS c£bv°pw

th≠n” F∂p≈ hnizm-k-{]-am-W-Øn-eqsS

\nJym kp∂-l-tZmkv AXn-\p≈ adp-]Sn Is≠-

Øn. {Inkva- ns‚ A¤p-Xhpw, AXns‚ al-

Xzhpw hymJym-\n-°pI Bscbpw AXn-i-bn-∏n-

°p∂ ssZhnI Kuc-h-Xym-K-amWv, AXn¬

Dƒt®¿∂ ZnhyImcpWyw Xs∂-bm-Wv. kphn-

tijw km£n-°p∂Xp ssZhw Bbn-Øo¿∂

Hcp a\p-jy-s\-b-√, a\p-jy-\m-bn amdnb Hcp

ssZh-sØ-bm-Wv. At\Iw ImX-ß-ƒ°Ise

tPmen--sN-øp∂ Xs‚ ]nXm-hns‚ Nn{X-Øn¬

t\m°n s\mº-c-tØmsS Xs‚ AΩtbmSv Hcp

Ip™v samgn-bp-∂p-sh∂v hnNm-cn-°p-I, “Fs‚

A∏≥ Cu Nn{X-Øn¬ \n∂pw Cd-ßn-h∂v

Ft∂m-sSm∂v kwkm-cn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬”. CXp

Xs∂-b-t√, Hcp- ]t£ AXn-ep-]-cn-bm-bn-cp-∂nt√

]X-\-Øn\p tijw a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øns‚ A`n-

emjw? ssZhw H∂v Cdßn h∂n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬!

GI-Pm-Xs\ \¬Ip∂ Bfl-Zm-\-Øn-eqsS

Xs∂ Xs∂ ]q¿Æ-ambn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥,

kwe-`y-am-°p-hm≥ Ahn-Sp∂p Xncp-a-\- m-Ip-∂p.

“]q¿Δ-Im-e-ß-fn¬ {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ hgn hnhn[

L´ßfnepw hnhn[ coXn-I-fnepw ssZhw \ΩpsS

]nXm-°-∑m-tcmSv kwkm-cn-®n-´p-≠v. F∂m¬ Cu

18

Ah-km\ \mfp-I-fn¬ Xs‚ ]p{X≥ hgn Ahn-

Sp∂p \tΩmSv kwkm-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p (sl-{_m-b¿

1:1-̨ 2). Cu kwth-Z-\hpw kwe-̀ y-Xbpw Iptd-°qSn

Bg-am-°p∂p, I¿Øm-hns‚ i‡-amb Cu

{]t_m-[-\-w; “Fs∂°mWp-∂-h≥ ]nXm-hns\

ImWp∂p (tbml 14:9). ssZh-Øns‚ A\¥

Aÿn-Xz-Øn¬ Ahs\ kao-]n-°p-∂-Xn-t\m,

A{]m-]y-amb {]Im-i-tKm-]p-c-Øn¬ ÿnXn-sN-

øp∂ Ahs\ ASpØp ImWp-∂-Xnt\m a◊-b-

\mb a\p-jy\v km[n-°p-I-bn-s√-∂n-cns° ssZhw

Ah-\n-te-°n-dßn hcp-∂p. ]X-\-Øn-te-°m-≠p-

t]mb a\p-jys‚ Zb-\o-b-h-ÿ-bn-te-°p≈ Cd-

ßn-h-c-hm-bn-cp∂p AXv. “a°ƒ Htc amwk-

Ønepw c‡-Ønepw ̀ mK-̀ m-°p-I-fm-Ip∂ t]mse

Ah\pw Ah-bn¬ `mK-`m-°m-bn” (-sl{_m 2:14).

Zqsc -sb-hn -Stbm amdn -\n∂p a\pjys‚

Ahÿsb ssk≤m-¥n-I-ambn hni-I-e\w

sNbvXp bm{¥n-I-amb ]cn-lm-c-am¿§-ßƒ ]pd-

s∏-Sp-hn-°p-I-b√ ssZhw sNøpI. ]ns∂tbm, a\p-

jys\ \nc-¥cw A\p-[m-h\w sNbvXp Ahs‚

_e-lo-\-X-I-fn¬ Xs‚ ssIIƒ \oń Ahs\

Db¿Øn-sb-Sp-°p-∂-h-\mWv ssZhw. “\ΩpsS

_e-lo-\-X-I-fn¬ \tΩm-sSmØp kl-X-]n-°p-

hm≥ Ign-bmØ Hcp {][m\ ]ptcm-ln-X-\√ \ap-

°p-≈-Xv; ]ns∂tbm Hcn-°epw ]m]w sNbvXn-ń-

s√-¶nepw F√m-°m-cy-ß-fnepw \sΩ-t∏m-se-Xs∂

]co-£n-°-s∏-´-h-\mWv Ah≥” (sl{_m 4: 15).

a\p-jym-h-Xmc cl-ky-Øns‚, ssZhw a\p-jym-

\m-b-Xns‚ as‰mcp e£y-am-Wn-hnsS hni-Z-am-°-

s∏-Sp-I. Xs‚ GI-Pm-Xs‚ Cl-tem-I-hmkw

a\p-jys‚ ka-ÿ -ta-J-e-I-sfbpw X∂n-te°v

kmwio-I-cn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p. \n -lm-b-\mbn

a\p-jy≥ X∂n-te°v Ic-ap-b¿Øp-tºmƒ Ah-

\n-te°p Xs‚ ssI \oń-s°m-Sp-°p-hm≥ X°-

hn[w icocw [cn® hN-\-Øns‚ cl-ky-Øn-

eqsS a\p-jy-Po-hnX bmYm¿∞y-ßsf X∂n-te-

°m-h-ln-®ncp∂p ssZhw. ssZhw Fs‚ ]£-sØ-

¶n¬ Bsc-\n°p FXncp \n¬°p-sa-∂-Xns‚

s]mcp -fpw, {]m¿∞n-°m-\-dn -bmØ F\n°v

AhmNy-amb s\Spho¿∏p-I-fn-eq-sS-bp≈ Bflm-

hns‚ am[y-ÿ-Øns‚ kqN-\bpw ChnsS {]k-

‡-am-Wv. a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-c-l-ky-Øns‚ as‰mcp

e£yw A\p-c-RvP-\hpw ka-{K-c-£-bp-am-bn-cp-

∂p. ]nXmhv ]p{Xs\ temI-c-£-I-\mbn Ab-

®p. temI-Øns‚ ]m]-ßƒ \nhm-cWw sNøm-

\mbn Ahn-Sp∂v BK-X-\m-bn. \o m-bnse {KnKdn

km£ys∏-Sp-Øp∂p; “tcmK-{K-kvXa-mb \ΩpsS

{]Ir-Xnbv°v sshZys\ Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-∂p.

A[:]Xn® a\p-jy\p kap-≤m-c-Is\ thW-am-

bn-cp-∂p. arX-\m-b-h\p Poh-Zm-b-Is\ Bh-iy-

am-bn-cp-∂p. \∑-bpsS ̀ mK-`m-KnXzw \jvS-s∏-´-h\v

AXv Xncn-sI-s°m-Sp-°p-∂-hs\ Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-

∂p. Ccp-ń¬ AS-bv°-s∏-´-h\v shfn-®-Øns‚

km∂n[yw Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-∂p. _‘-\-ÿ≥ c£-

Is\ At\z-jn-°p-∂p. Imcm-{K-l-hmkn klm-

b-Is\ tXSp-∂p. ASn-a-Ø-Øns‚ \pIw t]dp∂

\mw hntamNIs\ ImØn-cn-°p-∂p. Ch-sbms°

sNdn-b-Im-c-W-ßtfm, \n m-c-ßtfm Bbn-cp-

∂pthm? a\p-jy-h¿§w AXy¥w Zpcn-X-]q¿Æhpw,

Akz-ÿ-hp-amb Ah-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬

a\p-jy-cpsS ]°-en-te-°n-d -ßn-h-cp -hm-\pw,

Ahs\ kμ¿in-°p-hm\pw ta¬∏-d™ Imcy-

ßƒ ssZhsØ t{]cn-∏n-®nt√?”. Aß-s\-b-¶n¬

BZn-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ hN-\w, ssZh-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-

bm-bn-cp∂ hN\w, ssZh-am-bn-cp∂ hN\w amwk-

ambn \ΩpsS CS-bn¬ IqSm-c-a-Sn®p hkn-®Xv \mw

ssZh-Øns‚ kvt\lw, Ahs‚ Icp-X¬ {Kln-

°p-hm-\pw, A\p-`-hn-°p-hm-\p-am-Wv. Ahs‚

ssII-fn¬ apdp-sI-]n-Sn®v {InkvXo-b-Po-hn-[-mtbm-

[\w \nd-th-‰p-hm-\m-Wv.

ssZh-Øns‚ GI-Pm-X≥;

\ΩpsS ktlm-Z-c≥

“Fs¥-∂m¬ Ah-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂

Gh\pw \in-®p-t]m-ImsX, \nXy-Po-h≥ {]m]n-

°p-∂-Xn\p th≠n Xs‚ GI-Pm-Xs\ \¬Ip-

hm≥ X°-hn[w ssZhw temIsØ A{X-am{Xw

kvt\ln-®p” (tbml 3:16). tbml-∂m≥ hni-Z-am-

°p∂ AXn-cp-I-fn-√mØ, hyh-ÿ-I-fn-√mØ Cu

ssZh-kvt\lamWv {InkvXo-b-Xbv°p auen-IX

\¬Ip∂ Xncp-h-h-Xmc cl-kysØ hymJym-\n-

°p-I. ssZh-Øns‚ AXpey kΩm\w Cu

temIsØ kv]¿in-°pI XnI®pw im¥-ambpw

kuay-hp-am-bm-Wv. ]g-b-Im-eß-fn¬ ssZh- ˛ a-

\pjy kam-K-a\w òXn-bp-W¿Øn-bn-cp-∂p-sh-

¶n¬, a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-ØneqsS \nh¿Øn-°-s∏´

kμ¿i\w Gh-scbpw kam-[m-\-Øn¬ tN¿Ø-

W-bv°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. kaÿ BUw-_-c-ß-

sfbpw Hgn-hm-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p B Xncp-]n-d-hn.

Xncp-Ip-Sw-_-Øn\v t\XrXzw \¬Im≥ Xncs™

Sp°-s∏´ I\yI temI-Zr-jvSn-bn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-

∂-h-fm-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ah-fpsS `¿Ømhv BIs´,

]mh-s∏-s´mcp ac-∏-Wn-°m-c\pw. ssZh-ln-X-Øn-

\mbn Ah¿ X-ßsf ka¿∏n-°p-tºmƒ, ssZh-

Ir] a\p -jys‚ kl-I-c -WtØmSpIqSn

c£bpsS ASpØ L´w kam-cw-`n-°p-∂p. Xs‚

A\p-{K-l-Øns‚ [mcm-fn-Xz-Øn¬ a\p-jys\

\nd-bv°p-hm≥, ]p¬In-b-W™ Zmcn-Zy-Øn-eqsS

Ahs\ kº-∂-\m-°p-hm≥ ssZhw a\- m-Ip-∂p.

“\ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-{InkvXphns‚ Ir]

\nßƒ°-dn-bm-a-t√m. Ah≥ kº-∂-\m-bn´pw

\nßsf {]Xn Zcn-{Z-\m-bn˛ Xs‚ Zmcn-{Zy-Øm¬

\nßƒ kº-∂-cm-Im≥ th≠n-Ø-s∂” (2tImdn

8:9). Ahy-h-ÿ-I-fpsS then-tb-‰-ß-fn-eq-sSbmWv

a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-c-lkyw km[n-X-am-b-sX-∂pw,

BZy {InkvXpakv Zmcn{ZyØns‚ ]q¿ÆX

bnemWv BtLmjn°s∏´Xv F∂v AwKoIcn

°s∏Sptºmgpw AXv kt¥mjØns‚ Hcp

Btμmf\ambncp∂p. ImcWw ssZhØns‚

GIPmX≥ \ΩpsS ktlmZc\mbn P\n°pI

19

bmbncp∂p B cm{Xnbn¬, AXpw ]q¿W

a\pjy\mbn. \ΩpsS c£I\mIphm≥ th≠n

]utemkv ]dbp∂Xv t]mse; “P\ßfpsS

]m]ßƒ°v ]cnlmcw sNøp∂Xn\p th≠n

ssZhoI Imcyßfn¬ hnizkvX\pw IcpWbp

≈h\pamb {][m\ ]ptcmlnX\mIm≥ Ah≥

F√m Imcyßfnepw Xs‚ ktlmZct\mSv

kZriy\mtI≠nbncp∂p” (sl{_m 2:17). c≠mw

hØn°m≥ kq∂ltZmkv AXns\ Iptd°qSn

hniZoIcn°p∂p; “AZriy\mb ssZhØns‚

{]Xncq]amb AhnSp∂p Xs∂bmWv BZmans‚

a°fn¬ BZy ]m]Øm¬ hncq]am°s∏´

ssZhnIkmZriyw hos≠SpØ ]q¿Æ a\p

jy\pw. Ah\n¬ kzoIcn°s∏´ a\pjy

kz`mhw FSpØp am‰s∏ńń√mØXn\m¬,

A°mcWØm¬ Xs∂, \Ωn¬ AXv D∂Xamb

alXzØnte°v Db¿Øs∏ńcn°p∂p. F¥p

sIms≠∂m¬ ssZh]p{X\mb AhnSp∂v Xs‚

a\pjymhXmcØm¬ kIe a\pjytcmSpw

Xs∂ Xs∂ Hcp hn[Øn¬ kwtbmPn∏n®n

cn°p∂p. AhnSp∂p a\pjy Icßƒ sIm≠v

tPmensNbvXp. a\pjy a\ psIm≠v Nn¥n®p.

am\pjnI C—mi‡nsIm≠v {]h¿Øn®p.

am\pjnI lrZbwsIm≠v kvt\ln®p I\yIm

adnbØn¬ \n∂v P\n®v, bYm¿∞Øn¬ \Ωn¬

Hcph\mbn Xo¿∂v, ]m]w HgnsI F√m‰nepw

\tΩmS v kZri\mbn” (GS 22). IodØp

WnIfm¬ Np‰s∏´p Iq¿Ø A{Kßfp≈

]p¬sØmńbn¬ InSØs]´t∏mƒ B Cfw

ta\n s\m¥ncn°mw. Akzÿamb sltdmtZm

kns‚ a\ n¬ Xs∂ D∑qe\w sNøphm\p≈

]≤Xn DcpØncnbp∂psh∂v Adnbptºmƒ

t]mepw B ssZhnI Zm\w {]m¥{]tZißfn¬

Ae™pXncn™v XßfpsS BSpIsf tabn®

CSb∑m¿°mbn ImØncp∂psh∂pw, At\zj

WXzcXtbmsS ssZhnI kzm¥\sØ tXSn

be™ ]uckvXy ⁄m\nIsf Xs‚

Z¿i\ØneqsS kwXr]vXcm°pIbpw sNbvXp

sh∂pw \ma-dn-bp-∂p. B \nkvXpe Xpdhnbpw

DZm-Ø-amb BXnYyhpw Xs∂bmWv Cl-temI

P\\Øns‚ \nanjØn¬ Xs∂ tbip

bYm¿∞Øn¬ ssZhamsW∂ kXysØ

{]IminXam°pI. ]m›m-Xy-]u-ckvXy hyXym-

k-an-√msX k` Ah-fpsS hnip≤ -Ip¿_m-\-I-

fn¬ Dƒs∏sS {]tLm-jn-°p-∂, “ssZh-Øns‚

GI-]p-{X-\pw, k¿Δ-tem-I-ßƒ°pw apºn¬

]nXm-hn¬ \n∂pw P\n-®-h\pw, {]Im-i-Øn¬

\n∂p≈ {]Im-ihpw, kXy-ssZ-h-Øn¬ \n∂p≈

kXy-ssZ-hhpw, P\n-®-h\pw krjvSn-b-√m-Ø-h-

\pw, kmcmw-i-Øn¬ ]nXm-hn-t\mSv ka-Xz-ap-≈-

h\pw, k¿Δ-kr-jvSn-°pw tlXp-hm-b-h\pw, a\p-

jy-cmb Rßƒ°pw Rß-fpsS c£bv°pw

th≠n kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂n-dßn” F∂ hnizm-k-

{]-amWw Cu bmYm¿∞ysØ IqSp-X¬ hni-Zo-

I -cn -°p -∂p. Hcp ]t£ Cu kZzm¿∞

ss{IkvXh hnizm-k-Øns‚ am{Xw A\-\y-X-

bm-Wv. tbml-∂m≥ AXns\ hymJym-\n-°p-∂p

“Poh≥ shfn-s∏´p Rßƒ AXp I≠p, AXn\p

km£yw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ]nXm-hn-t\mSp

IqSn Bbn-cp-∂Xpw Rßƒ°p shfn-s∏-́ -Xp-amb

\nXy-Po-h≥ Rßƒ \nß-tfmSv {]tLm-jn-°p-

∂p” (1 tbml 1:2). \ΩpsS ]nXm-hmb am¿tXm-

Ωm-«o-lmbpw hnizm-k-{]-tLm-jWw C{]-Imcw

\S-Øp-∂p “Fs‚ I¿Ømhpw, Fs‚ ssZh-hp-

ta”. ssZh-Øn¬ am{X-amWv c£. ssZh-amWv

c£. tbip-hns‚ ]c-ky-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ Ahn-

Sp∂p \¬Ip∂ ]m]-tam-N-\-hpw, acn-®-hsc

Db¿∏n-°p-∂Xpw X∂nse ssZh-km-cmw-i-Øns‚

kaXzw ASn-h-c-bn-Sp-∂p. AXns‚ BtLm-j-amb

{]Jym-]-\hpw \mw kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ ImWp∂p.

“Rm\mWv ]p\-cp-≤m-\mhpw Poh-\pw. F∂n¬

hniz-kn-°p-∂-h≥ acn-®mepw Pohn°pw” (tbml

11:25). Ahs‚ {]hr¿Øn-Ifnse i‡nbpw

Ahs‚ hm°p-I-fnse ⁄m\hpw Bscbpw

AXn-i-bn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. ssZh-amWv Gh¿°pw \oXn-

am-\mb \ymbm-[n-]≥. kI-e-P-\-]-Y-ßfpw \ymb-

hn-[-n-°mbn a\p-jy-]p-{Xs‚ ap≥]n¬ AWn-tN-

cp-∂-Xns\ tbip hnh-cn-°p∂p aØm-bn-bpsS

kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ (aØm 25: 31˛46). At∏mƒ

ssZho-I- hy-m]cß-fmbn Icp-X-s∏´ kIe

{]hr¿-Øn-Ifpw X∂n¬ \nh¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xmbn Ahn-Sp∂p km£n-°p-∂p. D∞m-\-Øn-\p-

tijw Ahs‚ injy-∑m¿ kvt\l-Øns‚bpw,

hnizm-k-Øn-s‚-bpw, ic-W-Øn-s‚-bpw, al-Xz-Øn-

s‚bpw, kvXpXn-bp-sSbpw tbmKy-\mbn I¿Øm-

hns\ km£n-®n-cp-∂p. ssZh-]p-{Xs‚ AXp-

eyhpw AZzn-Xo-b-hp-amb a\p-jym-h-Xm-cc-lky-

Øns‚b¿∞w tbip-{InkvXp ]IpXn ssZhhpw

]IpXn a\p-jy-\p-amIp∂psh-∂√. ssZh-{]-Ir-

Xnbpw a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xnbpw IqSn-Ip-g™ Hcp an{i-

{]-Ir-Xn -bmWv Ahn-Sp -tØ-bv°p-≈-sX∂pw

AXn\v A¿∞-an-√. bYm¿∞ ssZh-am-b-cns°

Xs∂, Ahn-Sp∂p bYm¿∞ a\p-jy-\mbn. BZy

\q‰m-≠p-I-fn¬ D¤-hn® kIe ]mjm-WvU-X-

I-sfbpw tbip-{InkvXp bYm¿∞ ssZhhpw

bYm¿∞ a\p-jy-\p-am-Ip-∂p-sh∂ {]t_m-[-\-

Øn-eqsS Xncp-k` t\cn-´p. I¬°tZm-\n-b≥

kp∂-l-tZmkv {]tLm-jn-°p-∂p. “hnip≤ ]nXm-

°-∑msc A\p-I-cn®p Rßƒ GI-kz-c-Øn¬

\ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-{InkvXp F∂ Htc-

sbmcp ]p{Xs\ G‰p-]-d-bp-I-bpw Ahn-Sp-sØ-°p-

dn-®p -]-Tn-∏n-°p-I-bpw sNøp-∂p. Ahn-Sp∂p ssZh-

Xz-Øn¬ ]q¿Æ-\m-Wv. Ahn-Sp∂v a\p-jy-Xz-

Ønepw ]q¿Æ-\m-Wv. ico-chpw bp‡n-k-l-amb

Bflmhpw D≈ Ahn-Sp∂p ]nXm-hn -t\mSv

kssØIyw D≈-h-\m-Wv. a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xnsb

kw_-‘n®v Ahn-Sp∂p \tΩmSp kssØ-Iy-ap-

≈-h-\m-Wv. ]m]-sam-gnsI F√m-°m-cy-ß-fnepw

Ahn-Sp∂p \sΩ-t∏m-se-bm-Wv. ssZh-Xz-Øn¬

bpK-ßƒ°p apºp Xs∂, Ahn-Sp∂p ]nXm-hn¬

20

\n∂p P\n-®p. F∂m¬ Cu Ah-km\ \mfp-I-

fn¬ \ap-°p-th-≠nbpw a\p-jy-Xz-Øn¬, ssZh-

am-Xm-hmb ]cn-ip≤ I\yIm adn-b-Øn¬ \n∂pw

`qPm-X-\m-bn”. {InkvXp-hn-⁄m-\o-b-Øn\p

\n¿Wm-bI \n¿h-N-\-hpw, BtLm-j-amb

{]tLm-j-W-ßfpw XpS¿∂pw I¬°-tZm-\nbm

kp∂-l-tZmkv \¬Ip-∂p. “I¿Ømhpw GI-Pm-

X-\p-amb Htc-sbmcp {InkvXp. At\ym\y an{i-

W-tam, ]cn-h¿Ø-\-tam, hn -̀P-\-tam, hntbm-Ktam

C√mØ c≠p {]Ir-Xn-I-tfm-Sp- IqSnbh-\m-

sW∂p AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-S-W-sa∂v Rßƒ G‰p-

] -d -bp -∂p. ssZh-˛ -a -\pjy {]Ir-Xn -IfpsS

kwtbmKw aqew, {]Ir-Xn-Iƒ°p XΩn-ep≈

hyXymkw \jvS-am-bn-√. adn-®v. GI-hy-‡n-bnepw,

GI D]-ÿn-Xn-bnepw {]Ir-Xn-Iƒ Hcp-an®p tNcp-

tºmgpw Hmtcm {]Ir-Xnbpw AXn-t‚-Xmb khn-

ti-j-X-Iƒ \ne-\n-dp-Øp-∂p”. Cu kXy-hn-

izmk {]Jym-]-\-ßƒ°-∏p-dhpw Nne¿ {InkvXp-

hns‚ a\pjy {]Ir-Xnsb Hcp-Xcw sshb-‡n-

I I¿Øm-hmbn hn`m-h\w sNøm≥ XpS-ßn-b-

t∏mƒ tIm¨Ãm‚n-t\m-∏n -fn¬ ktΩ-fn®

A©mw km¿Δ-{XnI kp\-l-tZmkv C{]-Imcw

{]Jym-]n®p; “{InkvXp-hn-¬ Htc-sbmcp D]-ÿnXn,

AXm-bXv hy‡n-am-{Xsa-bp≈q; AXv {XnXz-Øn-

sem-cp-h-\mb \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-{In-

kvXp-hm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Ahn-SpsØ a\p-jy-{]-Ir-

Xn-bn-ep≈sX√mw AXns‚ icn-bmb I¿Øm-

hmb Ahn-SpsØ ssZhn-I-hy-‡n-bn-emWv Btcm-

]n-t°-≠-Xv”. tbip-{InkvXp ssZhn-I-hy-‡nbpw

B hy‡n-bn¬ ssZh-kz-`m-hhpw a\p-jy-kz-`m-

hhpw an{i-W-tam, hn`-P-\tam, Ie¿t∏m, hntbm-

Ktam C√msX ka-⁄-k-bmbn ktΩ-fn-®n-cn-°p-

∂p-sh∂p k` ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. Xs‚ ssZh-Xz-

Øn\pw I¿Xr-Xz-Øn\pw `wKwhcmsX a\p-

jy\pw \ΩpsS ktlm-Z-c-\p-am-bn-Xo¿∂-h≥

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ssZh-]p-{X-\m-sW∂p k` ASn-

h-c-bn-Sp-∂p. ka¿∏n-X-bmbn hniz-kn-t®-‰p-]-d-bp-

∂p. ChnsS ssZh-]p-{X≥ Fßs\ a\pjy\mIp-

∂p-sh∂ {]k‡ tNmZy-Øn\p, “a\p-jym-h-Xm-

c-sa∂ cl-kym-flI tbmPn-∏n¬ Ahn-SpsØ

a\p-jy-{]-IrXn hne-bn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-I-b-√, BZm\w

sNø-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-bXp” F∂p≈ {]t_m-

[-\-Øn-eqsS c≠mw hØn-°m≥ kp∂-l-tZmkv

khn-ti-j-ambn DØcw \¬Ip∂p (GS 22).

ssZh-\n-›-b-amb ka-bØn¬ ]nXm-hns‚ GI-

Pm-X≥, Ahs‚ kØ-bp-sS {]Xn-Om-b-bm-h≥

a\p-jy-\mbn Ah-X-cn-°p-Ibpw kz¥w ssZh-{]-

Ir-Xn°v `wKw hcmsX a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xnsb

BZm\w sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Aßs\ Ah≥

ssZh-Øn\pw a\p-jy-\p-an-S-bn¬ GI a≤y-ÿ-

\mbn. A¤p-Xhpw AXn-i-bhpw L\o-`-hn® B

]p¬°q-ńse ]n≈-sØm-ń-en¬ Xs‚ Ip™nfw

ssIIƒ \oń kI-e-scbpw X∂n-te°v amSn-hn-

fn-®-Xpw, X∂n¬ tiJ-cn-°-s∏-´-h¿°mbn Ic-

ßƒ Db¿Øn ]c-a-]n-Xm-hn-t\m-S-t]-£n-®Xpw Cu

bmYm¿∞y-Øn¬ ]X-aq∂n \n∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv,

ssZh-Øns‚ GI-Pm-X≥ a\p-jy-\m-Ip∂p;

Aßs\ \Ωp-sS ktlm-Z-c-\pam-Ip-∂p.

ssZhw a\p-jy-\m-Ip-∂p-sh∂ Cu hnkva-

b-\ob clkyw \sΩ \n¿h-Nn -°p-∂-Xn¬

AXpey ÿm\-a -e -¶ -cn -°p -∂p. XnI®pw

k¶o¿Æ-amb Hcp hnj-b-Øns‚ ssZh-imkv{X

A]-{K-Y-\-amWv ChnsS \S-∂-Xv. hnj-b-Øns‚

Kuc-h-Øm¬, AXn-ep-]cn Hcp-]t£ hnkvXm-c-

`-b-Øm¬ ]e {]mtbm-KnI am\-ßƒ kv]¿in-

°-s∏-SmsX t]mbn-cn-°mw ChnsS. Cu teJ-\-

tØm-sSm∏w Cu e°-Øn¬ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂

a‰p teJ-\-ßƒ Cu hnNn-¥-\sØ IqSp-X¬

{]Im-in-X-am-°n-tb-°mw. Cu teJ\w Db¿Øp-

∂- Hcp ASn-ÿm\ bmYm¿∞yap-≠v. AXns\

kzmwio-I-cn®p am{Xsa \ap°v apt∂m-´p-t]m--Ip-

hm≥ km[n-°p-I-bp-≈p. As√-¶n¬ \mw C\nbpw

At\z-jn-®ebpw. e£yw {]m]n-°msX XI¿∂-

Sn-bpw. ImcWw c≠mw hØn-°m≥ kp\-l-tZmkv

]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m--se, “a\p-jym-h-Xmcw sNbvX

ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ cl-ky-Øn-e-√msX a\p-

jys‚ clkyw icn-bmbn hni-Z-am-Ip-∂n√” (GS22). AtXm-sSm∏w ssZhw a\p-jy-\mbn amdn-b-

Xnse Kuc-h-Xym-Khpw, iq\y-h-Xv°-c-Whpw, Ffn-

abpw kzmb-Ø-am-°n, Cu-tem-IsØ Ipsd-°qSn

sa®-am-°p-hm≥ Ahs‚ Ic-ß-fnse D]-I-c-W-

ß-fm-Ip-hm\pw ssZhw I\n-™-cp-fnb \∑-Iƒ

B ]nXm-hns‚ a°ƒ°SpØ ka-Xz-Ønepw,

GI-Pm-Xs‚ ktlm-Z-cßƒ F∂ \ne-bnepw

]¶p-sh®v {InkvXob Pnhn-Xm-tbm-[-\-Øn¬

apt∂-dp-hm\pw Cu AXpey a\p-jym-h-Xmc cl-

kyw \sΩ £Wn-°p-∂p. AXn-\mbn ka¿∏n-X-

cm-Ip-hm≥ klm-bn-°p-∂p.

21

Ih¿ tÃmdn

"ImensØmgpØnse DÆntbip!

shfn]mSns‚ shfn®w e`n®h¿ Ahs\ tXSnsbØpIbpw

Ahs‚ ap≥]n¬ ap´pIpØpIbpw sNøp∂p...

Ahs‚ km∂n[yw

PohnXØns‚ Ccp≠ CS\mgnIfn¬

\nXyXbpsS shfn®w ]cØp∂p!

amemJamcpsS t\¿Ø kwKoXw lrZbßsf kvt\lm¿{Zam°p∂p!

B´nSb¿ Ahs\ tXSnsbØp∂p!

temIw Xo¿Øpw ]cnXy‡a√...

A]cntab\pw AZriy\pambh≥

]cnanXnIfn¬ k∂nlnX\mbn ad™ncn°pIbpw

ASbmfßfneqsS shfns∏SpIbpw sNøp∂p!

H∏w \S°p∂ kvt\lkm∂n[yambv

PohnXßsf Ah≥ sXm´pW¿Øp∂p!

Ah≥ icocsØ Bflmhns‚ IqZmibm°p∂p!

BdSnaÆn¬ HSpßmØ {]Xymisb bmYm¿∞yam°p∂p!

HSphn¬, Rms\s‚ a¨IqSv hn´p ]d∂pt]mIp∂ \mƒ,

ASbmfßfn¬ Rm\dn™ km∂n[yw

\nXyXbn¬ kXyamsbs∂ {Kkn°psa∂pd∏p \¬Ip∂p!”

dh. ^m. h¿Kokv h≈n°m´v

{Inkvakns\°pdn®p≈ Cu \pdpßp

Nn¥Iƒ PohnXØns‚bpw Cu {]]©

Øns‚bpw s]mcpƒ tXSp∂ a\pjys\°pdn®pw,

\ap°v Np‰pap≈ {]IrXnsb°pdn®pw, h¿Æ

\mXoXamb Cu alm {]]©sØ°pdn®p

sa√mw \tΩmSp NnesX√mw ]dbpIbpw

]¶phbv°pIbpw sNøp∂p... {InkvXp kw`h

Øns‚ shfn]mSp aqeyhpw {InkvXob

BflobXbpsS ASnØdbpw, a\pjy `h\

ßfn¬ CSw In´mXncp∂ Cu Znhy iniphn¬

shfns∏Sp∂p... CXm a\pjy≥!

s]mcpƒ tXSp∂ a\pjy≥

as‰√m PohPmeßfn¬\n∂p hyXykvX

ambn a\pjy\v BgØnep≈ kzbmh

t_m[ap≠v. AXn\m¬Øs∂, Xm≥ BcmWv

F∂ tNmZyw Hmtcm hy‡nbpw kzbw tNmZn

°pIbpw Hcp ]cn[nhscsb¶nepw Hmtcmcp

Øcpw AXn\p≈ DØcw Is≠ØpIbpw

sNøp∂p. AkvXnXzØns‚ s]mcpƒ tXSp∂

a\pjy≥ kXyw, \∑, kuμcyw F∂nhbpsS

D]mkI\mbnØocp∂p. ImcWw, kXyw tXSp∂

a\ pw \∑bnte°v BI¿jn°s∏Sp∂

22

lrZbhpw kuμcyØn¬ BaKv\amIp∂

{]Xn`bpamWv a\pjy\p≈Xv. kXyw At\zjn

°pIbpw Is≠ØpIbpw sNøptºmƒ AXv

apdpsI∏nSn°m\p≈ {]hWX F√m a\pjycn

epap≠v. Hcmƒ Is≠Ønb kXyØn¬ Abmƒ

kzbw \nebpd∏n°ptºmƒ Abmƒ Hcp

hnizmknbmIp∂p. bp‡n D]tbmKn®mWv

a\pjy≥ kXysØ At\zjn°p∂Xv. bp‡n

hnNmcw a\pjy\p am{Xw km[yamIp∂ Hcp

{]{InbbmWv. AXv Hcmsf hnizmkntbm

Ahnizmkntbm kwib hmZntbm B°mw.

kXymt\zjnbmb a\ v ]cakXyamb

ssZhsØ Is≠ØptºmgmWv Hcmƒ ssZh

hnizmknbmIp∂Xv. Hcmƒ F¥v hnizkn°p∂p

F∂Xv AbmfpsS PohnXsØ cq]s∏SpØp∂

apJy LSIamWv. ss__nfnse D¬∏Øn

∏pkvXIØn¬ ssZhw, “Xm≥ kr„n®sX√mw

\√sX∂p I≠p” F∂p tcJs∏SpØnbn´p≠v.

ssZhØns‚ A\¥ \∑bpsS {]Xnê\w

kr„nbnep≠v F∂mWv {KŸI¿Ømhv CXp

sIm≠v A¿∞am°p∂Xv. \∑sb Xncn®dnbp

tºmƒ AXns\ kvt\ln°m\pw kz¥am°m\p

ap≈ {]hWXbpw a\pjy\nse ssZhmwi

Øns‚ `mKw Xs∂bmWv... X\n°p Np‰pap≈

{]IrXnbpw AXn¬ amdn amdn hcp∂ EXp°fpw

{]IrXnbnse a‰p {]Xn`mkßfpsa√mw

a\pjy\n¬ A¤pXhpw kw{àhpw `‡ym

Zcßfpw DW¿Ømdp≠v. {]]©Øns‚

{]Xn`mkßfn¬ Hcp alm\mb IemImcs‚

IchncpXpw k¿§ i‡nbpw A\p`hn°p∂

a\pjy≥, Nnet∏msg√mw B alm IemImcs‚

Hcp sNdp ]Xn∏mbn kzbw Xncn®dnbmdpap≠v!

bp‡nhnNmcw, \∑tbmSp≈ {]Xn]Øn,

kuμcy t_m[w F∂nh k¿KmflIamIp

tºmƒ, Ah a\pjy\n¬ bYm{Iaw hnizm

khpw, kvt\lhpw, {]Xymibpw D±o]n∏n°p∂p.

ChbmWv krjn]camb {]h¿Ø\ßƒ°v

a\pjy\v {]tNmZ\w \¬Ip∂Xv.

k¿KmflIXbpw BflobXbpw

PohnXØns‚bpw Cu {]]©Øns‚bpw

s]mcpƒ tXSp∂Xv Bflobamb Hcp {]{Inb

Xs∂bmWv. imkv{X hn⁄m\w hnIkn°p

∂Xn\v Bbnc°W°n\v h¿jßƒ°p ap≥]p

Xs∂ a\pjy≥ Cu At\zjWw Bcw`n

®ncp∂p. Bflobamb CØcw At\jWßƒ

hyXykvX ssZh k¶ev]ßfnte°pw aXßfn

te°pw a\pjys\ FØn°pIbmbncp∂p F∂p

]dbmw. F√m aXßfpsSbpw ASnÿm\ambn

\nesIm≈p∂Xv a\pjys‚ Bflmt\zjWw

Xs∂bmWv. BflobXbn¬ k¶¬∏ i‡n°p

AXpey ÿm\amWp≈Xv. ]pcmX\ `mcX

Ønse al¿jnam¿ CXv Xncn®dn™ncp∂p.

AXn\memWv Ah¿ Cuizcs\ GsX¶nepw

Hcp {]tXyI `mhØn¬ k¶¬∏n®p Zo¿L

Imew X]kv A\pjvTn®Xpw B Cuizc

kzcq]sØ {]m¿∞\bpw ]qPIfpw _enIfpw

A¿∏n®p Bcm[n®pt]m∂Xpw. k¶ev]i‡n

sIm≠p PohnXØns‚ hyXykvX tNmZ\

IfpsS CgIƒ s\bvXptN¿°pIbpw A\p`h

ßsfbpw A\p`qXnIsfbpw kv]pSwsNbvXp

hm°pIfneqsSbpw Nn{XßfneqsSbpw Bhnjv

Icn°pIbpw sNbvXpsIm≠mWv a\pjy≥

Xs‚ BflobXbpsS temIw hn]peam°nbXv.

]pcmX\ Kplm Nn{Xßfpw XeapdIƒ ssI

amdnh∂ kr„n IYIfpw hwimhen°YIfp

sa√mw a\pjy≥ Bcv F∂p shfns∏SpØp

∂hbmWv.

A\p`hßsfbpw A\p`qXnIsfbpw

BJym\ßfm°n IY ]dbm\p≈ Ignhn¬

\n∂mWv anØpIfpw Imhyßfpw BJym\

ßfpw D≠mIp∂Xv. IYIƒ XeapdIfneqsS

ssIam‰w sNøs∏Sptºmƒ A\p`hßfpw

kw`hßfpw Iqńt®¿°s∏SpIbpw BJym\

ßƒ hnImkw {]m]n°pIbpw aqeyßƒ°p

cq]m¥cw kw`hn°pIbpw sNømw. Htc IY

Xs∂ hyXykvX BJym\ßfneqsS PohnX

Øn\p hyXykvX hymJym\ßƒ Nas®∂pw

hcmw. IYIƒ ]d™p ]d™mWv kaqlßƒ

cq]wsIm≈p∂sX∂p Atacn°≥ kmaqly

imkv{X⁄\mb B≥{Uq Fw. {Koen A`n

{]mbs∏ń´p≠v. CXn¬ Gsd hmkvXh

ap≠pXm\pw. ssIam‰w sNøs∏Sp∂ IYbpambn

Hmtcm Xeapdbpw XmZmflyw {]m]n°pIbpw

{ItaW AXv XßfpsSXs∂ IYbmbn Ah¿

a\ nem°pIbpw AXv AhcpsS PohnXsØ

cq]m¥cs∏SpØpIbpw sNøp∂p. ss__nfnse

]pd∏mSv ]pkvXIw ]dbp∂ ]emb\Øns‚

IY CØcØnep≈ H∂mWv. B IYbmWv

]n¬°meØv C{kmtb¬ F∂ kaqlsØ

cq]s∏SpØp∂Xv. ImensØmgpØpapX¬

Im¬hcnhscbp≈ PohnXØneqsSbpw,

23

tbiphns‚ actWm∞m\ßfneqsSbpw shfn

s∏´ ssZh ImcpWyØns‚ IYbmWv

{InkvXob kaqlsØ cq]s∏SpØp∂Xpw

cq]m¥cs∏SpØp∂Xpw... Hcp kaqlØnse

AwKßƒ XΩn¬ ]ckv]c hnizmkhpw

[mcWbpw klIcWhpw hf¿Øp∂Xpw

kaqlßƒ°v kzXzt_m[hpw A`nam\

t_m[hpw {]Zm\w sNøp∂Xpw CØcw

BJym\ßfmWv. kvt\ln°m\pw {]Xnk‘n

L´ßfn¬ ]XdmsX \n¬°m\pw ]ckv]cw

klmbn°m\pw XømdmIp∂ sI´pd∏p≈

kaqlßsf cq]s∏SpØp∂Xn\v Ahbv°v

Ignbpw. CØcw Imhyßfpw BJymbnIIfp

ans√¶n¬ kaqlw IYbn√mØXmbn Xocpw!

C{]Imcw kaqlßsf cq]s∏SpØpIbpw

\ne\n¿ØpIbpw ]cnt]mjn∏n°pIbpw

sNøp∂ BJymbnIIsfbpw Imhyßsfbpw

alm Imhyßsfbpw cq]s∏SpØp∂Xv ssZhoI

{]tNmZ\w e`n® a\pjycpsS k¶¬∏

i‡nbpsS {]h¿Ø\ êambmWv. B

k¶¬∏ i‡nsb \bn°p∂XmIs´ A\p`h

ßfn¬\n∂p Ah¿ B¿Pns®SpØ hnizmkhp

amWv.

Adnhns‚ c≠p hgnIƒ: kmayhpw

sshcp[yhpw

_rlZmJym\ßfpsS cN\bn¬ a\pjy

\nse k¶ev]i‡n c≠p coXnbn¬ {]mh¿Øn

IamIp∂Xp ImWmw: sshcp[yßƒ°p Du∂¬

sImSpØpsIm≠pw, kmayw Nq≠n°mńbpw.

]ca \∑ kzcq]\mb Cuizc≥ Xn∑ \nd™

Cu temIØn¬\n∂p A\¥ambn AI∂n

cn°p∂p, A\izc\mb ssZhhpw \izc\mb

a\pjy\pw XΩn¬ bmsXmcp kmayhpan√

XpSßnbh sshcp[yßfn¬ Du∂nbp≈

k¶¬∏ i‡nbpsS ]cnIev]\IfmWv.

kmayØn\v -- Du∂¬ \¬Ip∂ k¶ev]

i‡nbpsS êamWv ssZhØns‚ i‡nbpw

\∑bpw kuμcyhpsa√mw kr„nbn¬ {]Xn

ên°p∂p F∂ ]pcmX\ {Ko°v Nn¥IcpsS

ImgvN∏mSv. a\pjy≥ ssZhØns‚ Ombbpw

kmZriyhpamWv F∂ ss__nfns‚ ImgvN

∏mSn\p ]n∂nepw kmayØn¬ Du∂nbp≈ k¶¬∏

i‡nbpsS {]h¿Ø\w ImWmw. CXv krjvSnbn¬

ad™ncn°p∂ ssZhkm∂n[yØnte°p Zr„n

]mbn°p∂Xn\p hmb\°mcs\ klmbn°p∂p.

A¥cymanbmb Cuizcs\ [ym\n°p∂Xn\pw,

Zriy hkvXp°fnepw hy‡nIfnepw kw`h

ßfnepw Cuizcs‚ AZriy km∂n[yw

Z¿in°p∂Xn\pw, ]pcmX\ `mcXØnse

al¿jnam¿°p Ign™ncp∂p. \macq]ßƒ°

XoX\mb {_“s‚ AXnimbnXzw Du∂n∏d™

Ah¿ a\pjy\n¬ AhnSsØ A¥cymanXzhpw

Adn™ncp∂p. ssZhw F¥n\p a\pjy\mhWw

F∂ tNmZyØn\p≈ DØchpw Cßs\tb

{Kln°m≥ Ignbq.

BflobXsb∂m¬ ssZhkm∂n≤y

t_m[amWv

kr„n {k„mhns\ k∂nlnXam°p∂p!

F√mbnSØpw F√m‰n\pw ]n∂n¬ ssZhw

ad™ncn°p∂p! Hmtcm hy‡nbnepw, Pohn

bnepw, \n¿÷oh hkvXp°fn¬t]mepw ssZhnI

ssNX\yw an∂n adbp∂p! ssZh]p{Xs‚

a\pjymhXmcw Ncn{XØnse k÷ohamb

ssZhkm∂n[yØns‚ aq¿Øcq]amWv! ssZhw

ÿeIme _‘nXamb Ncn{XØn¬ k∂nlnX

amIp∂ A¤pXIcamb {]Xn`mkamWv tbip!

Ah≥ P\XIƒ°p {]Imihpw {]]©w

apgph≥ \ndbp∂ ssZh km∂n[yØns‚

ssNX\yhpamIp∂p! {IqcXbpw A{Iahpw

am’cyhpw \nd™ temIØn¬, ]ckv]c

hnizmkhpw, kvt\lhpw, {]Xymibpw km[y

amsW∂v ssZhkm∂n[y t_m[w a\pjy\v

Dd∏p\¬Ip∂p. {]]©w ssZh km∂n[y

Øns‚bpw ssZhImcpWyØns‚bpw Hm¿Ω

s∏SpØemIptºmƒ, a\pjy\v ]ckv]cw

kvt\ln°m\pw, £an°m\pw, BZcn°m\pw

Ignbp∂p. ]p¬°qńse DÆn “CΩm\pth¬”AYhm \tΩmsSm∏w hkn°p∂ ssZhamWv!

Ahs‚ k÷oh km∂n[yw hnip≤ k`bn

eqsS, IqZmiIfneqsS, Zcn{ZcneqsS, ]oUnX

cneqsS, kvt\lnXcneqsS, hy‡nIfneqsS,

kw`hßfneqsS \mw C∂pw A\p`hn°p∂p!

hnip≤ kabßfpw, ÿeßfpw hy‡nIfpw

Ahs‚ km∂n[yØns‚ khntij ASbm

fßfpw {]XoIßfpamIp∂p!

hni°p∂hcnepw Zmln°p∂hcnepw

tcmKnbnepw ]ctZinbnepw Zcn{Z\nepw

ImcmKrlhmknbnepw Xs∂ Z¿in°p∂hcmWv

Xs‚ bYm¿∞ injysc∂v kphntijßfnse

tbip Nq≠n°m´p∂p. kzPohnXwsIm≠v

a‰p≈hsc kvt\ln°m\pw a‰p≈hcpsS

\∑°mbn PohnXw ka¿∏n°m\pap≈

k∂≤XbmWv Hcphs\ Bflob\m°p

∂Xv.ssZhw a\pjy\mbn F∂Xv tIhew Hcp

`mh\b√. a\pjy\nse k¶¬∏ i‡nsb

\nc¥cw DW¿ØpIbpw bp‡nsb sh√phnfn

°pIbpw lrZbsØ km{μam°pIbpw

Bflmhns\ ssZhoIXbnte°p Db¿ØpIbpw

sNøp∂ Ncn{X kw`hambn AXv \nesIm≈p

IbmWv! temIØn¬ Hmtcm kw`hßƒ°p

]n∂nepw ssZhØns‚ Hcp Isøm∏p

ad™ncn°p∂p≠mhpw; temIsØ IqSpX¬

\√Xpw at\mlchpam°m≥ a\pjysc

£Wn°p∂ Hcp Blzm\w! ssZhØn\p

temIØn¬ {]h¿Øn°m≥ \ΩpsS a\ pw

24

lrZbhpw IcßfpwBhiy

ap≠v F∂v Hm¿Ωn∏n°p∂

HcSbmfw!

icocw shdpw Hcp

hkvXph√, AXv Hcp

km∂n[yØns‚ ASbmf

amWv. hN\Øns‚ a\pjym

hXmcw F√m icocß

sfbpw hN\Øns‚ IqZm

ibm°p∂p. PohnXßsf

temIØn¬ ssZhØns‚

ZuXy hmlIcm°p∂p.

sshcp≤ymflI k¶¬∏

i‡n°p {]m[m\yan√ Ft∂m Bflob

PohnXØn¬ AXn\p ÿm\an√ Ft∂m

CXn\¿∞an√. ssZhØns‚ AXnimbnXz

Ønepw Akm∂n[yØnepw Du∂nbp≈

{]m¿∞\Ifpw ssZhØm¬ Dt]£n°s∏´

a\pjys‚ hnem]ßfpw Bflob PohnX

Øns‚ `mKamImw F∂v k¶o¿Ø\ßfpw

kphntijßfpw km£yw \¬Ip∂p...

Im¿taLw kqcys\ F∂t]mse Nne A\p

`hßƒ ssZhsØ adbv°p∂p. ss__nfnse

tPm_ns‚ ]pkvXIw ssZhØns‚ \oXn°p

ap\v]n¬ a\pjys‚ \n mcXbpw \n lm

bXbpw shfns∏SpØp∂XmWv. ssZhØm¬

ssIhnSs∏´ a\pjy hwiØns‚ hnem]w

Ipcnin¬ a\pjy]p{Xs‚ hnem]ambn

amdp∂p≠t√m... ssZhw C√mØ A\p`hw Hcp

hnizmknsb kw_‘n®nStØmfw `oIcamb

iq\yXbpw A‘Imchpambncn°pw. hnip≤m

flm°fpsS PohnXßfn¬ t]mepw C{]Imc

ap≈ Ccp≠ cm{XnIƒ D≠msb∂p hcmw.

Ccp]Xmw \q‰m≠nse c≠p temIalm

bp≤ßfpw, ln‰ve¿ \SØnb a\pjy°pcp

XnIfpw, {]Xybimkv{XßfpsSbpw aX`oIc

XbptSbpsams° t]cn¬ C∂pw \S∂p

sIm≠ncn°p∂ alm ]mXIßfpw a\pjys\

CØcw A‘Imc A\p`hØnte°v FØn°p

∂p≠v. CuizcmkvXnXzsØ \ntj[n°p∂Xn¬

hsc CØcw A\p`hßƒ°p hnt[bcmbh¿

FØnt®¿∂n´pap≠v.

BflobX {InbmflIamhWw.

kr„n Cuizcs‚ Hcp eoebmbn `mcXob

Z¿i\ßƒ hymJm\n®n´p≠v. eoesb∂m¬

BhnjvImcamWv. AXn¬ F√mh¿°pw Hcp

]¶p hln°m\p≠v. Cu alm \mSIØn¬

A¿∞]q¿Æambn ]¶p]‰p∂h¿°mWv shfn

]mSns‚ shfn®w AYhm ⁄m\w e`n°p∂Xv.

ssZhnI ⁄m\Øns‚ shfn®w e`n®h¿°v

PohnXw ssZhhpambn ]¶ptNcm\p≈ Hcp

thZnbpw AhkchpamWv. PohnXw A¿∞

]q¿Wam°p∂Xn\p Cu ]¶ptNc¬ \sΩ

klmbn°p∂p. kvt\ln°m\pw a‰p≈hcpsS

\∑°mbn PohnXw tlman°m\pap≈ k∂≤

XbmWv Hcphs\ as‰mcp {InkvXphm°p∂Xv--.

BflobX am‰Øn\pth≠n

\nesIm≈m\p≈ k∂≤XbmWv

a\pjy k¶¬∏Øn\v Iev]\mtijn

bp≠v. AXn\p \nehnep≈hsb am‰m\pw

sa®ambXns\ kr„n°m\pap≈ i‡nbp≠v.

Ncn{Xw kr„n°m\pw Ncn{XKXnsb hgn

Xncn®phnSm\pw AXn\p Ignbpw. \nehnep

≈hbpsS ]cnanXnbpw {]iv\ßfpw{Kln°m\pw

]pXnbhsb hn`mh\w sNøm\pw a\pjys\

{]m]vX\m°p∂ a\pjy\nse Cu Iev]\m

i‡nbmWv {]hmNI∑msc kr„n°p∂Xv. Cu

temIØn\pw ChnsSbp≈ F√m bmYm¿Yy

ßƒ°pw ]cnanXnb≠v. ]cnanXnIfpw ]cm

Pbßfpw PohnXØns‚ ̀ mKambn kzoIcn°m≥

BflobX \sΩ klmbn°p∂p. temI Zr„ym

]cmPbambncp∂ AØcw hnip≤ PohnX

ßfmWv a\pjy cminsb G‰hpa[nIw {]tNmZn

∏n®n´p≈Xv! ]cmPbØnepw acWØnepw

]XdmØ Bflss[cyw {]Zm\w sNøm≥

BflobXbv°v Ignbpw. kr„n AXns‚

]q¿ÆX {]m]n°p∂Xv {k„mhnseØn

t®cptºmgmsW∂p hnizmkw Hcph\v

Dd∏p\¬Ip∂p. acWtØ°mƒ i‡amb Hcp

kvt\lØn\p Bflob a\pjy≥ kzbw

G¬∏n®p sImSp°p∂p. Aßs\bp≈h¿°mWv

Hcn°epw AWbmØ {]XymibpsS hmlI

cmIm≥ Ignbp∂Xv. Xncp∏ndhnbpsS s]mcpƒ

Dbn¿sØgpt∂¬∏n¬ shfns∏Sp∂p!

25

hS°≥ C‰enbnse temI{]ikvXhpw

caWobhpamb sh\okv \KctØmSv tN¿∂p

InS°p∂ c≠p e£Øne[ne[nIw P\ßƒ

A[nhkn°p∂ Hcp at\mlc \KcamWv ]mZph.

BwKe`mjbnse hnizkmlnXyImc∑mcmb

tjIv--kv--]nbdns‚ lmkyIrXnbmb “ipWvTn

°mcnsb sacp°¬” (The Taming of the Shrew), Hkv-

Im¿ ssh¬Uns‚ Zpc¥ \mSIamb “]mZphm

bnse {]`p]Xv--\n” (The Duchess of Padua) XpSßnb

IrXnIƒ Cu \KcsØ ]›mØeam°n

cNn°s∏´n´p≈XmWv. {]iÿ imkv{X⁄

\mbncp∂ Keoentbm ]Xns\´p h¿j°mew

A[ym]I\mbn tPmensNbvX k¿hIem

imebpw ]mZphmbnemWv. F∂m¬ Cu \Kcw

C∂v hnizsaßpw {]ikvXambncn°p∂Xns‚

{][m\ ImcWßfnsem∂v F´p \q‰m≠v ap≥]v

AhnsS Pohn®p acn® At¥mWntbmkv

]pWyhms‚ t]cnemWv.

temIsaºmSpw “]mZphmbnse At¥mWn

tbmkv” F∂mWv Adnbs∏Sp∂sX¶nepw

t]m¿®pKen¬ hnip≤≥ Adnbs∏Sp∂Xv

“enkv_Wnse At¥mWntbmkv” F∂mWv.

cmPyXeÿm\amb enkv_Wn¬ P\n®p

hf¿∂Xn\m¬ t]m¿®pKokpIm¿°pw ]mZp

hmbn¬ acn®p AS°w sNøs∏´hs\∂

\nebn¬ C‰en°m¿°pw At¥mWntbmkv

th≠s∏´h\mWv. {]`pIpSpw_Ønse kº∂

Xbn¬ P\n®phf¿∂h≥ tbiphns‚ Zmcn

{ZysØ ]p¬Inb {^m≥kn ns‚ Xm]

dh. tUm. amXyp Nm¿Øm°pgnbn¬

26

PohnXsØ Bt«jn°p∂p. A¥cn®p Hcm≠v

XnIbp∂Xn\p ap≥t] k`bn¬ HutZymKnI

ambn ]cnip≤\mbn \maIcWw sNøs∏´

At¥mWntbmkv C∂pw At\I¿°vamXrIbpw

{]tNmZ\hpamWv.

bqtdm]y≥ `qJfiØns‚ Z£nW˛]›na

Zn°nembn A‰vem‚nIv kap{Z XoctØmSv tN¿∂p

InS°p∂ t]m¿®pKens‚ C∂sØ Xe

ÿm\amb enkv_WnemWv At¥mWn

tbmkv P\n®Xv. sIm´mc DtZymKÿ\mb

hnks‚ am¿´ns‚bpw {]`pIpSpw_Øn¬ s]´

sXtck ss]kv XsshdmbpsSbpw ]p{X\mbn´v

1195 BKÃv 15˛\mbncp∂p At¥mWntbmkns‚

P\\w. s^¿Wmt≠m am¿´n≥kv tZ _ptfmkv

F∂ \matØmsS amXm]nXm°∑m¿ P\\

Øns‚ F´mw Znhkw IØo{U¬ tZhmeb

Øn¬ sIm≠ph∂p Ah\p amtamZok IqZmi

\¬In. amXmhns‚ kz¿§mtcm]W Xncp\mfn¬

P\n®h≥ F∂ \nebn¬ henb amXr`‡\mbn

s^¿Wmt≠msb Ahs‚ AΩ hf¿Øn

s°m≠phcm≥ {i≤n®p. (IØo{Uent\mSv tN¿∂v

hn. At¥mWntbmkv P\n® ÿew C∂v Hcp

tZhmebambn ]cnh¿Ø\s∏SpØnbncn°p∂p).

amXm]nXm°∑mcpsS ]mXbn¬ k©cn®p D∂X

`cWÿm\ßfnseØp∂Xn\v P∑\m Xncs™

Sp°s∏´h\mbncp∂ps^¿Wmt≠m. F∂m¬

ssZhØm¬ {]tXyIw hnfn°s∏´ s^¿Wm

t≠mbv°v X\n°v Np‰pap≠mbncp∂ kº∂X

shdpsamcp ]pIt]msesb∂p Xncn®dnbm≥

sNdp∏Øn¬ Xs∂ Ign™ncp∂psh∂v At±l

Øns‚ PohNcn{XImc∑m¿ tcJs∏SpØn

bncn°p∂p.

\KcØnse G‰w {]ikvXambIØo{U¬

kv--Iqfnembncp∂p s^¿Wmt≠mbpsS {]mYanI

hnZym`ymkw. F∂m¬ Ft∏mgpw tZhme

bØnepw, AXnt\mS\p_‘n® Imcyßfnepw

A`ncan®ncp∂ Xs‚ PohnXw XpS¿∂pw ssZhoI

hgnbneqsS {]bmWw sNøp∂Xn\msW∂v

Ah≥ sNdp∏Øn¬ Xs∂ Xncn®dn™ncp∂p.

amXm]nXm°∑mcpsS A\phmZtØmsS ]Xn\

©masØ hb n¬ enkv_Wn\SpØp≈

hnip≤ AKkvXot\mkns‚ B{iaØn¬

tN¿∂v k\ymk ]cnioe\w Bcw`n®p.

F∂m¬ XßfpsS {]nbs∏´ s^¿Wmt≠m

tbmSp≈ kvt\lw {]ISn∏n°p∂Xn\mbn

ho´pImcpw, Iq´pImcpw B{iaØnse \nXy

kμ¿iIcmbnØo¿∂p. Xm≥ A`nejn®

GIm¥Xbv°pw, {]m¿∞\mPohnXØn\pw Cu

kμ¿i\ßƒ hnLmXw kr„n°p∂psh∂v

Xncn®dn™ s^¿Wmt≠m AhnsS\n∂pw

Ccp\qdv Intemao‰¿ ZqcØnep≈ t]m¿´p

K√ns‚ A∂sØ Xeÿm\ambncp∂ tImbn

av{_bnep≈ km¥m{Iqkv B{iaØnte°v

am‰w tNmZn®p hmßn. ChnsSbmWv sshZnI

\mIp∂Xn\p≈ ssZhimkv{X ]T\hpw,

eØo≥ `mjm]T\hpw At±lw XpS¿∂p

\SØnbXv. C°mebfhn¬ Xs∂ Akm[mcW

]T\ssh`hw {]ISam°nbncp∂ s^¿Wmt≠m

Kl\amb ssZhimkv{X XXzßfpw hnip≤

{KŸØnse clkyßfpw hfsc thKØn¬

lrZnÿam°pIbpw AXv Bhiyap≈t∏mƒ

Hm¿Ωns®Sp°pIbpw sNbvXncp∂p.

]utcmlnXy ip{iqjbpsS Bcw`Øn¬

]sØm≥]Xmw hb n¬ s^¿Wmt≠msb

B{iaØn¬ hcp∂ AXnYnIfpsS NpaXe

°mc\mbn \nban°p∂p. Cu kabØv ASpØ

ImeØv ÿm]nXamb {^m≥knk-vI≥ k\ymk

27

kaqlØnse Nne k\ymknIƒ kphntij

{]tLmjWØn\mbn B{^n°bnte°p≈

bm{Xmat≤y s^¿Wmt≠mbpsS B{iaØn¬

AYnXnIfmbn Xmakn°p∂p. Chsc B{ia

tØmSv tN¿∂p≈ CuPn]vXnse At¥mWn

tbmkns‚ \maØn¬ \n¿Ωn® sNdnb IpSnen¬

Xmakn∏n®p. AhcpsS efnX PohnXhpw,

kphntijm[njvTnX NcyIfpw Ahsc ]cnNcn®

s^¿Wmt≠msb AXnbmbn BI¿jn®p.

samtdmt°mbn¬ kphntij {]h¿Ø\Øn¬

G¿s∏´ncp∂ kabØv Ch¿ A©p t]cpw

AhnsS c‡km£nXzw hcn®p F∂ hm¿Ø

bmWv ]n∂oSv tIƒ°p∂Xv. t]m¿®pK√nse

lukns‚ t]cn¬ \n∂pw {]tNmZ\w Dƒ

s°m≠p acp`qanbnse alm\mb ]pWyhms\

amXrIbm°n At¥mWntbmkv F∂ ]pXnb

\maw kzoIcn°p∂p.

AKkvXot\mkns‚bpw, sX¿Øpey

s‚bpw \mSmb B{^n°bn¬ {InkvXp ktμiw

]q¿Δm[nIw i‡ntbmsS ]p\xÿm]n°pI

F∂ e£ytØmsS {^m≥knk-vI≥ \n›b

Zm¿Vyw ssIapXem°n ^nent∏msb∂

Aflmb ktlmZcs\bpw Iq´n At¥mWn

tbmkv samtdmt°mbnte°v bm{X Xncn®p.

F∂m¬ c‡km£nXzw At¥mWntbmkn

\pth≠n ssZhw IcpXn h®n´p≠mbncp∂n√.

cmPIpSpw_w AhcpsS icocßƒ hos≠SpØv

hotcmNnXamb ihkwkv -Imcw \SØn.

F√mhcpw ChcpsS acWØn¬ ZpxJm¿Ø

cmbt∏mƒ s^¿Wmt≠m AhcpsS efnX

PohnX ssienbpw, Bflm°sf t\Sp∂Xn\p≈

Xo£vWXbpw, c‡km£nXzØn\p≈

[ocXbpw A\pIcn°m\p≈ ]cn{iaØn

embncp∂p. Ch¿ XpSßnh®Xv XpScpI F∂

e£ytØmsS AKkvXot\mkns‚ B{ia

Ønse A[nImcnIfpsS A\phmZtØmsS

s^¿Wmt≠m {^m≥knk- vI≥ k\ymk

kaqlØn¬ tN¿∂p. B{iatØmSv tN¿∂p

≠mbncp∂, c‡km£nIfmb {^m≥knkv--°≥

k\ymknIƒ hkn®, At¥mWntbmkv KÃv

samtdmt°mbn¬ At±lw tcmK_m[nX\mbn

\mev amkØn\ptijhpw Hcp ]ptcmKXnbpw

Z¿in°mØXn\m¬ A[nImcnIfpsS \n¿tZi

{]Imcw t]m¿®pK√nte°v XncnsI I∏¬

Ibdm≥ \n¿_‘nX\mbn. F∂m¬ IS¬

t£m`Øn¬s∏´ I∏¬ At±lsØ C‰m

enb≥ Zzo]mb knknenbn¬ FØn®p. AhnSp

sØ sa o\sb∂ {]tZisØ {^m≥knk-vI≥

B{iaØn¬ A`bw {]m]n® At¥mWntbmkv

]n∂oSv Skv--IWnbn¬ {^m≥knkv--I≥ k\ymkn

\nIsf klmbn°m\p≈ ZuXyw Gs‰Sp°p∂p.

Cu kabØv 1221 sabv 30˛\v {^m≥kn

k-vI≥ kaqlØns‚ \memw P\d¬ Nm]v‰¿

A oknbn¬ h®v XpSßp∂p. Npcpßnb

28

Imebfhnep≈ {^m≥knk-vI≥ kaqlØns‚

XzcnX hf¿® {^m≥kokv A oknbpsS

henb kzm[o\Øns‚ ASbmfw IqSnbm

bncp∂p. GXm≠v c≠mbnctØmfw {^m≥kn

k- vI≥ k\ymknIƒ Cu ktΩf\Øn¬

kw_‘n°p∂Xn\mbn AhnsS FØnbncp∂p.

{^m≥knkns‚ GXv B⁄bpw A\pkcn

°m≥ k∂≤cmbn, temIØns‚ GXp

tImWnepw kphntij ZuXyhpambn t]mIp

∂Xn\pw Ah¿ Xømdmbncp∂p. At¥mWn

tbmkn\v Cu A\p`hw henb Bflob

A\p`qXn \¬Ip∂Xmbncp∂p. Ahcn¬

Hcmfmbn BcpadnbmsX \n¬°ptºmgpw,

Hcn°¬ Xs‚ k\ymk kaqlØnse G‰w

Adnbs∏Sp∂ hnip≤\mbn temIw Xs∂

Adnbpw F∂v At¥mWntbmkv Hcn°epw

IcpXnbn´p≠mhn√. Xs‚ kaql ÿm]I\mb

{^m≥knkns‚ AcnIn¬ kabw Nnehgn°m≥

km[n®Xv henb `mKyambn At¥mWntbmkv

IcpXn.

Cßs\sbms° Bbncps∂¶nepw C‰en

bnse B{iaßfnsem∂pw IriKm{X\pw, Hcp

tcmKnsbs∏mse Ft∏mgpw ImWs∏´ncp∂

h\pamb At¥mWntbmkns\ B¿°pw

Bhiyap≠mbncp∂n√. am{Xa√ At±l

Øns‚ hnZym`ymksØ°pdn®pw, IgnhpIsf

°pdn®pw A[nIam¿°pw Adnhp≠mbncp∂n√.

F¥v tPmenbpw sNøp∂Xn\v Xømdmbncp

s∂¶nepw XßfpsS k\ymk `h\Øn\p

At¥mWntbmkv Hcp _m[yXbmbnØocpsa∂v

IcpXnb B{iam[n]∑mcmcpw At±lsØ

IqsS°q´m≥ Xømdmbn√. Aßs\bncn°p

tºmƒ s_mtfmt™mbnse t{]mhn≥kns‚

kp∏ocnb¿ ̂ m. {Km nb\v Bdv {_tZgv--kv am{X

ap≠mbncp∂ Hcp `h\Øn¬ Ip¿_m\

b¿∏n°p∂Xn\v Hcp sshZnIs\ Bhiy

ambncp∂p. Aßs\ aeapIfnep≈ tam≥tX

]utfm `h\Ønte°v At¥mWntbmkv

Ab°s∏´p.

{^m≥knk-vI≥ kaql ÿm]\Øns‚

Bcw`w apX¬Xs∂ \Kcßfnepw {Kmaßfnep

sams° B{iaßƒ ÿm]n°pIbpw emfnXy

Øne[njvTnXambn kphntij {]h¿Ø\

ßfn¬ {^m≥knk-vI≥ k\ymknIƒ G¿

s∏SpIbpw sNbvXncp∂p. Sk-vIWnbnse ae\nc

Ifnep≈ A[nIamcpw IS∂p sN√mØ B{iaw

At¥mWntbmkns\ kw_‘n®p {]m¿∞\

bv°pw ssZhoI kwk¿§Øn\pw G‰w A\ptbm

Pyamb ÿeambncp∂p. AhnsS Xs‚ k\ymk

ktlmZcßƒ°v th≠n F√m Znhkhpw

_enb¿∏n°pIbpw, AXn\v tijw AhnsS

B{iatØmSv tN¿∂p≠mbncp∂ Hcp Kplbn¬

{]m¿∞\bnepw [ym\Ønepw ssZhoI kwk¿

§Ønepw At¥mWntbmkv Xs‚ kabw Nneh

gn°pIbpw sNbvXp. {_Upw sh≈hpw am{Xw

A\pZn\w Blmcam°n ssht°men¬ Hcp I√v

XebnWbmbn D]tbmKn®v DdßpIbpw sNøp∂

At¥mWntbmkns‚ ssZhoI ssNX\yw

At∏mƒ A[nIamcpw I≠ncp∂n√. Cu

imcocnI X]›cyIƒ henb Bflob

D∂Xnbnte°v Dbcp∂Xn\p≈ Nhn´p

]SnIfmbn At±lw D]tbmKn®p. F∂m¬ Cu

ImebfhnemWv At±lw k¶o¿Ø\

]pkvXIw hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXv AXn\v Xt‚Xmb

Hcp `mjyw Xømdm°nbXv. henb kphntij

{]kwKI\mIp∂Xn\mbn ssZhw Hcp°n

s°mSpØ hgnIfmbncp∂p Chsb∂v A∂v

At¥mWntbmkv IcpXnbn√.

t^m¿en F∂ ÿeØph®p 1222 am¿®v

19˛\v \S∂ sUman\n°≥˛{^m≥knk-vI≥

k\ymknamcpsS sshZnI∏´w \¬I¬

ip{iqjbn¬ kw_‘n°p∂Xn\v At¥mWn

tbmkn\pw ktlmZc∑m¿°pw £Ww e`n®p.

[mcmfw P\ßfpw AXn\mbn AhnsS

FØnbncp∂p. F∂m¬ AhnsS Bcv {]kwKw

\SØpw F∂Xns\°pdn®p Nn¥m°pg∏w

D≠mbn. kphntij {]tLmjWØn\v

hn{ipXcmb sUman\n°≥ k\ymknIƒ AXv

sNbvXpsIm≈psa∂v {^m≥knkv--°≥ k\ym

knIƒ Nn¥n®p. F∂m¬ Bcpw Xs∂ AhnsS

CXn\mbn Hcpßnbn´n√msb∂p s]s´∂v

F√mh¿°pw t_m[yambn. AhnsS k∂nln

X\mbncp∂ {^m≥knk-vI≥ s{]mhn≥jy¬

At¥mWntbmknt\mSv At±lØns‚ FXn¿∏v

hIhbv°msX ssZhw shfns∏SpØp∂X

\pkcn®p {]kwKn°m≥ At∏mƒ Bhiys∏´p.

At±lØns‚ Dd® i–hpw, ssZh hN\Øn

29

ep≈ AKm[ ]mfinXyhpw, t{imXm°sf

CcpØn Nn¥n∏n°p∂ emfnXytØmsSbp≈

Bib kwthZ\hpw F√mhcpsSbpw {]iwk

bv°v ImcWambn. Cßs\ Hcp kw`hw

\S∂n√mbncp∂psh¶n¬ Hcp]s£ At¥mWn

tbmkv F∂ henb {]kwKI≥ temIØn\v

ap≥]n¬ {]Xy£s∏Sn√mbncp∂p. am{Xa√

At¥mWntbmkns\ Hu\yXyØnte°v

Db¿Øp∂Xn\v ssZhw Hcp°nb hgnbmbncp∂p

Cu Ahkcw. bmsXmcp aps∂mcp°hpan√msX

C{]Imcw {]kwKn°m≥ Hcmƒ°v km[n°p

sa¶n¬ AXv Ct±lØnep≈ ssZhoI

{]h¿Ø\Øns‚ ASbmfa√msX as‰¥mWv!

Aßs\ kphntij{]kwKI\mb At¥mWn

tbmkv DZbw sNbvXp!

Cu kw`hØn\p tijw {^m≥knk-vI≥

s{]mhn≥jy¬ A[nImcn At¥mWntbmkns\

Xs‚ t{]mhn≥kns‚ HutZymKnI {]kwKI

\mbn \nban®p. GsdØmaknbmsX At¥mWn

tbmkns\°pdn®p≈ Cu hnhcßƒ {^m≥

{^m≥knkn\p≠mbncp∂p. CØcpWØn¬

At¥mWntbmkn\pw Xs‚ ]pXnb {]h¿Ø\

coXnIsf°pdn®p Nne BIpeXIƒ D≠mbn.

anem\nepw a‰pw {]kwKn°m\mbn £Wn°

s∏SpIbpw F√mhcpw Xs‚ {]kwKßsf

hepXmbn {]iwkn°pIbpw sNøp∂Xv

Zcn{Zmcq]nbnepw, Ffnabnepw hogv®°p≠m°pw

F∂ Nn¥ At±lØn\p≠mbn. XXv^eambn

Xs‚ kwib ZqcoIcWm¿∞w At±lw

{^m≥knkv A okn°v FgpXpIbpw, F√m

Imcyßfpw Ct∏mƒ sNøp∂Xpt]mse XpS¿∂p

sIm≈m\p≈ A\phmZhpw, t{]m’ml\hpw

AhnsS\n∂v e`n°pIbpw sNbvXp.

hn⁄m\Øns‚bpw hnip≤nbpsSbpw

\ndIpSambncp∂ At¥mWntbmkv Xm≥

{]kwKn°p∂ hm°pIƒ PohnXØn¬ A£cw

{]Xn ]men°m\mbn {i≤n®ncp∂p. Hcn°¬

{]kwKn°m\mbn t]mb At¥mWntbmkns\

A\p[mh\w sNbvX Hcp k\ymk ktlmZc≥

B{iaØn¬ XncnsIsbØnbt∏mƒ At±l

knkv A oknbpsS sNhnIfnepsaØn.

At¥mWntbmkns‚ C„a\pkcn®p, a‰p≈h¿

Bhiys∏Sp∂X\pkcn®p, GXv ÿeØpw

Ft∏mƒ thWsa¶nepw kphntijw {]kwKn

°p∂Xn\p≈ A\phmZw AtXmsS {^m≥knkv

A o nbn¬ \n∂pw At±lØn\v e`n®p.

am{Xa√, At¥mWntbmkns\ A°mesØ

henb ssZhimkv{X⁄∑mcpsS AcnIn¬

t]mbn ]Tn°p∂Xn\pw AXv kaqlØnse

sNdp∏°mcmb k\ymknIƒ°v ]d™p

sImSp°p∂Xn\pambn {^m≥knkv \ntbmKn®p.

{^m≥knkv A n nbpsS ̀ mKØp \n∂p≈ Hcp

Akm[mcW \S]Snbmbn CXv IcpXs∏´p.

ImcWw, Hcp]mSv ssZhimkv{X ]T\w Zmcn{Zy

PohnXtØmSpw, tkh\at\m`mhtØmSpw Hcp

k\ymkn°v AhaXn∏p≠m°pw F∂ Nn¥

tØmSv \ncmitbmsS ]d™p: “F¥psIm≠mWv Aßv C∂v H∂pw {]kwKn°mXncp∂Xv?” At¥mWntbmkns‚ adp]Sn C{]Imcambncp∂p: “\Ωƒ Zo¿Lambn {]kwKn®p ...\ΩpsS thjhpw, \ΩpsS s]cpam‰ hn[nIfpw,\ΩpsS {]m¿∞\mcoXnIfpw \b\ßfm¬Z¿in®h¿°v hm°pIƒsIms≠∂Xnt\°mƒhenb {]kwKambn AXv A\p`hs∏´p.”(CØcw {]h¿ØnIƒ sNbvXXmbn hn.{^m≥knkv A oknbpsS PohNcn{XØnepwtcJs∏SpØnbn´p≠v. At±lØnt‚Xmbn]dbs∏Sp∂ Hcp {]ikvX hmNIamWv:“F√mbvt∏mgpw kphntijw {]kwKn°pI...Bhiysa¶n¬ am{Xw hm°pIƒ D]tbmKn°pI”).

At¥mWntbmkns‚ ssZhhN\ hniI

e\ coXn shfnhm°p∂ Hcp DZmlcWw ]dbmw.

30

1226˛¬ F√m Bflm°ƒ°pw th≠n {]m¿∞n

°p∂ \hw_¿ 2˛\v \SØnb {]kwKØn¬ Hcp

k¶o¿Ø\`mKw hniZoIcn®Xv AhnsS

k∂nlnX\mbncp∂ Hcp _\UnŒn≥ k\ymkn

Ipdn® v h®n´p≠v. AXn{]ImcamWv: “ . . .

cm{Xnbn¬ hnem]ap≠mtb°mw; F∂m¬

{]`mXtØmsS kt¥mjØns‚ hchmbn”(k¶o. 30:5). “aq∂v XcØnep≈ k‘ybpw,

aq∂v XcØnep≈ {]`mXhpw ...aq∂v XcØn

ep≈ hnem]hpw, aq∂v XcØnep≈ B\μhpw

...H∂masØ k‘y ]dpZokbn¬ BZnamXm

]nXm°ƒ ]m]Øn¬ \n]Xn°p∂XmWv;

c≠masØ timI k‘y \ΩpsS c£Is‚

kl\Ønt‚Xpw acWØnt‚XpamWv; aq∂ma

tØXv \ΩpsS Xs∂ acWØns‚ k‘ybmWv.

C\nbpw aq∂v {]`mXßƒ ...H∂matØXv

aninlmbpsS P\\Øns‚ {]`mXw, c≠ma

tØXv c£Is‚ Dbn¿∏ns‚ {]`mXw,

aq∂matØXv \ΩpsSXs∂ hcm\ncn°p∂

D∞m\Øns‚ {]`mXw”. Akm[mcWamb

ssZhoI shfn]mSpIfpsS Hcp tiJcambncp∂p

At¥mWntbmkns‚ {]kwKßƒ F∂v

a\ nem°p∂Xn\v Cu sNdnb hnhcWw

aXnbmhpw.

ImWmsX t]mb hkvXp°ƒ I≠p

In´p∂Xn\v th≠n hn.At¥mWntbmkns‚

a[yÿX At]£n®p hnizmknIƒ {]m¿∞n

°p∂Xn\p ]n∂n¬ At¥mWntbmkns‚

PohnXØn¬ \S∂ Hcp kw`hamWv ASn

ÿm\w. C‰enbnse s_mtfm™bnse

B{iaØn¬ Xmakn°pI Imebfhn¬

At¥mWntbmkn\v hfsc {]nbs∏´, {]kwK

Ipdn∏nIƒ FgpXn h®ncp∂, k¶o¿Ø\

]pkvXIw ImWmXmhp∂p. CXv B{iaw

Dt]£n®p t]mIm≥ Xocpam\saSpØ Hcp

hnZym¿∞n tam„n®psIm≠p t]mbXmbncp∂p.

A®Sn hnZy I≠p ]nSn®nń√mØ B Ime

L´Øn¬ GXp ]pkvXIhpw hne]nSn∏p≈

Xmbncp∂p. Zmcn{Zy hrXsaSpØn´p≈ Hcp

k\ymknsb kw_‘n®v ]Icw hbv°m\m

hmØ Aaqey kºmZyambncp∂p CXv .

At¥mWntbmkv ]pkvXIw I≠p In´p∂Xn

\mbn Xo£vWambn {]m¿∞n°pIbpw XXvê

ambn Cu hnZym¿∞n AXpambn XncnsIsbØp

Ibpw, a\kvXm]s∏´p ho≠pw B{iaØn¬

tNcp∂Xn\v B{Klw {]ISn∏n°pIbpw

sNbvXp. Cu ]pkvXIw C∂pw s_mtfm™

bnse {^m≥knk-vI≥ B{iaØn¬ kq£n

®n´ps≠∂v ]dbs∏Sp∂p.

At¥mWntbmkns‚ PohnXhpambn

_‘s∏´v [mcmfw sFXolßfpw \nehnep≠v.

AXn¬ cs≠Æw am{Xw ChnsS Ipdn°p∂p.

A{Unbm‰nIv kap{ZXocØp≈ dnan\n F∂

ÿeØp≈ \ncoizchmZnIƒ At¥mWntbm

knt\mSv Ah⁄tbmsS s]cpamdnbt∏mƒ

At±lw IS¬ØocØpt]mbn GI\mbn \n∂p

{]kwKn®p. Cu AhkcØn¬ At±lØns‚

ap≥]n¬ a’y°q´w {]Xy£s∏SpIbpw

At¥mWntbmkv a’yßtfmSv {]kwKn°p

Ibpw sNbvXp. CXv I≠ {]tZihmknIƒ

am\km¥cs∏SpIbpw ssZhØnte°v Xncn

bpIbpw sNbvXpsh∂XmWv IY. c≠matØXv,

{^m≥knse Spfqkv F∂ ÿeØp {]kwK

Øn\mbn sN∂t∏mƒ AhnsSbp≈ Ahnizm

knIƒ hnip≤ Ip¿_m\bnep≈ {InkvXp

km∂n[yw sXfnbn°p∂Xn\mbn At¥mWn

tbmkns\ sh√phnfn®p. At¥mWntbmkns\

Ifnbm°nb Hcmƒ ]ńWn°n´ Hcp IgpXsb

hnip≤ Ip¿_m\ Fgp∂≈n®p sIm≠pt]mb

t∏mƒ AhnsS sIm≠v hcnIbpw B kabØv

AXn\v Xo‰ sImSp°pIbpw sNbvXp. F∂m¬

IgpX Xo‰ Dt]£n®p ap´pIpØn \n∂psh∂pw

AXv At\IcpsS hnizmksØ ZrUs∏SpØn

F∂pamWv ]dbs∏Sp∂Xv.

Xs‚ B{ia tPmenIƒ IqSmsX Nnet∏m

sgms° tam≠s]√nbdnsebpw, {^m≥knse

Spfqknsebpw bqWnthgvkn‰nIfn¬ A[ym]\

Øn\mbpw At¥mWntbmkv kabw Is≠Øn

bncp∂p. F∂m¬ kphntij {]kwKambncp∂p

At±lØns‚ G‰w henb ssZhoI Zm\ambn

IcpXs∏ńcp∂Xv . 1226˛¬ {^m≥knse

B¿sekn¬ h®v \S∂ kaqlØns‚ P\d¬

Nm]v‰dn\p tijw At¥mWntbmkns\

C‰enbpsS hS°≥ t{]mhn≥kns‚ NpaXe

°mc\mbn \nban®p. Aßs\ ]mZph \Kcw

Xs‚ {]h¿Ø\ tI{μambn At±lw Xncs™

SpØp. Hcn°¬ B¿°pw th≠mØh\mbncp∂p

At¥mWntbmsk¶n¬ C∂v F√mhcpw

At\zjn°p∂h\pw, F√mh¿°pw Bhiyap≈

h\pambn At±lw amdn. 1228˛¬ At¥mWn

tbmkns‚ ap∏Ønaq∂mw hb n¬ tdmw

kμ¿in®t∏mƒ {KnKdn H≥]Xmw am¿∏m∏

AhnsS {]kwKn°p∂Xn\mbn At±ltØmSv

Bhiys∏´p. hfsc hyXykvXamb Cu

{]kwKtijw am¿∏m∏ At±lsØ “hnip≤

{KŸØns‚ t]SIw” F∂mWv hntijn∏n®Xv.

31

“s]¥sImkvXn tdman¬ Bh¿Øn°s∏´p”F∂mbncp∂p t]∏¬ tIm¿ńse A∂sØ

tIƒhn°mcpsS {]XnIcWw.

At¥mWntbmkns‚ Ahkm\ Imeß

fnse {]kwKßƒ tIƒ°m≥ ap∏Xn\mbnc

Øne[nIw BfpIƒ Hcpan®p IqSnbncp∂p.

tZhmebßfn¬ Ahsc Dƒs°m≈m≥

km[n°mXncp∂XpsIm≠v ]et∏mgpw Xpd∂

ÿeßfnembncp∂p AØcw ktΩf\ßƒ

\S∂ncp∂Xv. henb tcmKßƒ Aeńbncp∂

At¥mWntbmkv 1231 Pq¨ 13˛\v C‰enbnse

Itºmkmw]nsbtdm F∂ ÿeØp \n∂pw

]mZphmbnte°v hcp∂ hgn°ph®p Xs‚

ap∏Ø©mw hb n¬ kz¿§hmkØn\mbn

t]mbn. km¥ acnb amØ¿ sUman\n F∂

]≈nbn¬ AS°w sNbvXp. ]mZphmbnse

]≈naWnIsf√mw At¥mWntbmkns‚ acW

kabØp X\nsb \mZw apg°nsb∂ ]mc-

ºcyhpw \nehnep≠v. ap∏Xph¿jØn\v tijw

At¥mWntbmkns‚ ùXoI icocw _knen

°bnte°v am‰p∂ kabØv At\I¿°v hN\w

]I¿∂psImSpØ At±lØns‚ \mhv Po¿ÆX

{]m]n°msXbncp∂p. C∂pw B \mhv {]tXy

Iambn Hcp t]SIØn\p≈n¬ kphntij

{]tLmjI¿°v amXrIbpw {]tNmZ\hptaIp

∂Xn\mbn ]mZphmbnse At¥mWntbmkns‚

_knen°bn¬ {]Z¿in∏n®ncn°p∂p.

A¥cn®p Hcp h¿jw ]q¿ØnbmIpwapºv

\maIcWw sNøs∏´ hnip≤\mWv ]mZphm

bnse hnip≤ At¥mWntbmkv--. At¥mWn

tbmkns‚ a[yÿXbn¬ Hcp]mSp A¤pßƒ

\S°pIbpw At±lØns‚ I_dnSw henb

Xo¿∞mS\ ÿeambn s]s´∂v Xs∂ amdp

Ibpw sNbvXp. AXns‚ AwKoImcw IqSnbm

bncp∂p C{X s]s´∂v {KnKdn HºXma≥

am¿]m∏sb At¥mWntbmkns\ hnip≤

]Zhnbnte°pb¿Øp∂Øn\p t{]cn∏n®

LSIw. At±lØns‚ henb ssZhimkv{X

kw`mh\Ifpw {]t_m[\ßfpsS Bghpw

IW°nseSpØv, ]obqkv ]{¥≠ma≥ am¿]m∏

At¥mWntbmkns\ k`bnse thZ]mcwK

X\mbn 1946 P\phcn 16˛\v {]Jym]n®p.

C∂v At¥mWntbmkns\ AS°w sNbvXn

cn°p∂ _knen° k`bpsS HutZymKnI F´p

A¥¿tZiob Xo¿∞mS\ tI{μßfnsem∂mWv.

]Xnaq∂mw \q‰m≠n¬ Xs∂ AhnsS hensbmcp

tZhmebw \n¿Ωn®ncp∂p. ]n∂oSv ]Xn\mepw,

]Xn\©pw \q‰m≠pIfn¬ AhnsS hcp∂

Xo¿∞mSIcpsS _mlpeyw ImcWw AXv

]pXp°n∏WnbpIbpw sNbvXp. At¥mWntbm

kns‚ s\mth\ {]m¿∞\Ifpw, a‰p `‡m

`ymkßfpw C∂v [mcmfambn D]tbmKn°

s∏Sp∂p≠v. IqSmsX At±lw acn°p∂Xn\v

ap≥]mbn Itºmkmw]nsbtdm F∂ ÿeØp

\n∂pw ]mZphmbnte°v \S∂Xns\ A\pkvacn®p

B Ccp]©p Intemaos‰¿ Zqcw \S°p∂

At\Iw hnizmknIƒ D≠v. CXn\v “At¥mWn

tbmkns‚ \SØw” “Ahkm\ \SØw” F∂

t]cpIfnsems°bmWv Adnbs∏Sp∂Xv. CXv

IqSmsX C‰enbpsS hnhn[ `mKßfn¬ \n∂pw

hnip≤s‚ I_dnSØnte°v ]Zbm{X \SØn

{]m¿∞n°m\msbØp∂ At\Iw Xo¿∞mS

Icpw D≠v. ssZhhgnbneqsS emfnXytØmsS

\S°m≥ {ian®p henb A¤pXßƒ

{]h¿Øn® At¥mWntbmkv tbiphns\

a‰p≈h¿°v Xs‚ hm°neqsSbpw {]hrØnbneq

sSbpw ]I¿∂v sImSpØXv \sΩ F√mbvt∏mgpw

{]tNmZn∏nt°≠XmWv.

32

Cu tIm¨{Kkns\sX¥p]‰n? AXp

tNmZn°mØ Bcpw C√ C¥ybn¬. G‰hpw

HSphn¬ _nlmdnepw ]cmPbw cpNn®p

tIm¨{Kkv. F∂n´pw ]cnlmcw ImWm\mhmsX

IpgßpIbmWv tIm¨{Kkv. I¿WmSIØnepw

a[y{]tZinepw _nsP]n G‰hpw s\dnsI´

cm{„obw Ifn®v P\hn[nsb Ańadn®p F∂p

tIm¨{Kkv Btcm]n°ptºmgpw B Imcyß

sfm∂pw P\sØ t_m[ys∏SpØm≥ IgnbmØ

AhÿbnemtWm tIm¨{Kkv.

tIm¨{Kkv cm{„obw kq£vaambn \nco

£n°p∂ B¿°pw a\ nemIp∂ Hcp

Imcyap≠v. 1970 Ifnse am\knImhÿbnemWv

C∂pw tIm¨{Kkv t\XrXzw. {]W_v apJ¿Pn

sbt∏msesbmcp X{¥imensb {][m\a{¥n

bm°m≥ `bs∏´v a≥taml≥ knMns\

{][m\a{¥nbm°nbXmWv 2004 ¬ ImWn®

a≠Øcw. a≥taml≥ knMv anSp°\mbncp∂p.

F∂m¬ cm{„ob X{¥imenbmbncp∂n√.

{]W_v {][m\a{¥nbpw a≥taml≥ knMv [\

a{¥nbpw Bbncps∂¶n¬ C∂v A\p`hn°p∂

XI¿®bnte°v tIm¨{Kkv t]mIn√mbncp∂p.

c≠mw bp]nF k¿°mcns‚ ImeØv cmlp¬

Km‘n IqSn a{¥nk`bnseØnbncps∂¶n¬

Imcyßƒ Cßs\ ssIhn´pt]mIn√mbncp∂p.

Cμncm Km‘nbpsS ImeØv apJya{¥nsb

sbms° U¬lnbn¬ \n∂p \nban°m

ambncp∂p. hnaX kzcw Db¿Øp∂hsc cm{„ob

h\hmkØn\v Abbv°mambncp∂p. ImcWw

A{X i‡ambncp∂p tIm¨{Kkv. F∂m¬ B

Imew t]msb∂p a\ nem°m≥ t\XrXzØn\p

IgnbmsX t]mIp∂p.

As√¶n¬ t\XrXzØn\v IsØgpXnsb∂

t]cn¬ anI® t\Xm°sf aqebv°ncpØm≥

B\pImenIw

tIm¨{Kkn\pthWw

ImbI¬]NnIn’

t_m_n G{_lmw

t\m°pambncpt∂m?. B IsØgpXnbhcn¬

iin Xcqcpap≠mbncp∂p Ft∂m¿°pI. C∂p

tIm¨{Kkn\v AJnte¥ym XeØn¬ Db¿Øn

°m´mhp∂ t\XmhmWv At±lw. cmPysaºmSpw

bphXzsØ BI¿jn°m≥ Ignhp≈ t\Xmhv.

At±lØns\m∏w k®n≥ ss]e‰ns\°qSn

AJnte¥ym t\XrXzØn¬ sIm≠phcpIbpw

{]nb¶tbm cmlptem {]knU‚ v ÿm\w

Gs‰Sp°pIbpw sNbvXncps∂¶n¬ tIm¨

{Kkn\v ]pXnsbmcp apJw e`n°pambncp∂p. C\n

Ah¿°p {]knU‚ v ÿm\w hsø¶n¬

t\XrXzØn¬ \n∂m¬ aXn. apIfn¬ ]d™

h¿s°m∏w cmPyØv C∂v Db¿∂phcp∂

]pXpXeapd ZfnXv t\Xm°ƒ°pIqSn CSw

sImSpØm¬ tIm¨{Kkn\v P\ßfpsS CSbn¬

AwKoImcw D≠mIpw.

tIm¨{Kkns\ ]≠papXte Nne¿ arZp

lnμpXz ]m¿ńsb∂p hna¿in°p∂p≠v. AXp

tI´v t]Sn® DS≥ s\‰nbnse s]m´v ambv®p

If™n´p Imcyan√. Hcp cmPysØ bmYm¿

Yyßƒ a\ nem°nthWw Hcp cm{„ob I£n

AXns‚ \ne]mSpIƒ kzoIcn°m≥. F√m

aXhn`mKßsfbpw AwKoIcn°p∂ ]m¿ńbmWv

tIm¨{Kkv. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ lnμphnIm

csØ am\n°p∂Xp sIm≠v A]ISsam∂pw

hcm\n√. lnμp P\hn`mKßƒ°v tIm¨{K

kns‚ \bkao]\ßfn¬ Fs¥¶nepw ]cmXn

bps≠¶n¬ AXp XncptØ≠ kabamWnXv.

Xcqcns\t∏msebpw k®ns\t∏msebpw D≈

t\Xm°ƒ°v AXn\mhpw. lnμp F∂p

]dbptºmƒ ZfnXv P\hn`mKßsfbpw H∏w

]cnKWn°m≥ tIm¨{Kknt\ Ignbq. ]≠v

PKPoh≥ dmans\t∏msebp≈ t\Xm°ƒ ZfnXv

P\hn`mßsf tIm¨{Kknt\msSm∏w \n¿Øn.

33

Ct∏mƒ Aßs\sbmcp t\Xmhpt≠m F∂p

tNmZn®m¬ D≠n√ Ft∂ adp]Sn ]dbm\mhq.

N{μtiJ¿ BkmZns\s∏msetbm PnKv--t\jv

tahm\nsbt∏msetbm Hcp t\Xmhv tIm¨{Kkv

t\Xr\ncbn¬ h∂m¬ F¥p hyXykvXamhpw

Imcyßƒ. cmPysØ kv{XoIfpsS i–w

Db¿Øm≥ Ignbp∂ h\nXIƒ, `n∂enwK

°mcpsS {]iv --\ßƒ ]dbm\pw ]cnlmc

\n¿tZiw \¬Im\pw Ignhp≈h¿ Aßs\

hyXykvXamb apJßƒ tIm¨{Kkv t\Xr

\ncbn¬ hcs´. At∏mƒ P\Øn\pw tXm∂pw

tIm¨{Kkv i‡amsW∂v.

\nehn¬ tIm¨{Kkn\v Hcp apgph≥ kab

{]knU‚ v t]mepans√∂p ]dbmw. Aßs\ Hcp

]m¿ńsb k¿°m¿ ]cnKWn°pI t]mepw C√.

ASnb¥cmhÿsb XpS¿∂p \S∂ Xncs™

Sp∏n¬ Cμncm Km‘n ]cmPbs∏´p. samdm¿Pn

tZimbnbpsS t\XrXzØnep≈ P\Xm k¿°m¿

Cμncm Km‘nsb A[nImc Zp¿hn\ntbmK°p‰w

NpaØn AdÃv sNbvXp. F∂m¬ P\w

FXncmIpsa∂p I≠dn™ `cWIqSw Cμncsb

s]s´∂pXs∂ tamNn∏n®p. ImcWw Cμnc

IcpØbmsW∂v Ah¿°dnbmambncp∂p.

Ahsc Pbnenen´m¬ P\w CfInhcpsa∂v

Ah¿°p a\ nembn. B IcpØv `cW

IqSsØ t_m[ys∏SpØp∂XnemWv Hcp

P\m[n]Xy `cWØn¬ {]Xn]£Øns‚

IpcØv. t\XrXzw Zp¿_esa¶n¬ AWnIƒ

i‡s\tØSn t]mIpw. AsXmcp {]IrXn\nb

aamWv. tIm¨{Kkv hn´pt]mb an°hcpw

BZ¿iØns‚sbm∂pw ASnÿm\Øn¬

t]mbhc√. t\XrXzw Zp¿_eamsW∂pw

t\XrXzØn\p Xßsf kwc£n°m≥ Ignhn

s√∂pw a\ nem°n hn´pt]mbhcmWv.

As√¶n¬ \ymbamb Hcp IØv I≠p

t]Sn®pt]mIp∂hsc Bcp hIhbv°pw.?

IsØgpXnbhcmcpw tIm¨{Kkns\

]n∂n¬ \n∂p IpØnbhc√. tIm¨{Kkns‚

i‡nbnepw Xf¿®bnepw H∏w \n∂hcmWv.

F∂m¬ henb ]cnKW\ In´pIbpw Hchkcw

h∂t∏mƒ ]n∂n¬ \n∂p IpØn ]m¿ńhn´hcpw

D≠v. tPymXncmZnXy kn‘ysbt∏mep≈h¿.

Ah¿ t]mIs´ F∂p hbv°mw. ]t£

tIm¨{Kkns‚ i‡nbmb ASnÿm\Xe

Ønep≈ {]h¿ØI¿ t]mepw \ncmicmsW∂

ImcyamWv tIm¨{Kkv KuchØnseSpt° Xv.

i‡amb ASnØdbp≠mbncp∂ bp]nbnepw

_nlmdnepw tIm¨{Kkv Zb\ob Ahÿ

bnemWv. ImcWw t\XrXzan√. bp]bn¬ C∂pw

tIm¨{Kkn\v km[yXbp≠v. _nlmdnep≠v.

]t£ t\XrXzaps≠∂ tXm∂¬ AWnIƒ°p

≠mhWw.

tIm¨{Kkv i‡amb Xncn®phchv

\SØnb a[y{]tZipw I¿WmSIhpw _nsP]n

sIm≠pt]mbXv F¥psIm≠msW∂v Bfl]cn

tim[\ \SØm≥

t]mepw t\XrXzØn\p

Ign™n√. ImemIme

ßfn¬ `mKymt\zjn

Ifmbn tIm¨{Kkn¬

FØp∂h¿ AXnepw

henb `mKyw h∂m¬

]pXnb XpcpØv At\z

jn®pt]mIpw F∂dn

bm≥ ]mgq¿ ]Sn∏pc

hsc t]mIWsa∂n√.

F∂m¬ ASnÿm\

XeØn¬ F{Xtbm

tIm {̈Kkv {]h¿ØI¿

D≠v. Ah¿ tIm¨

{Kknepw aX\nct]£ ]m¿ńIfnepw \n¬°p

∂Xv Fs¥¶nepw {]Xo£n®√. Ahscms°

Aßs\ \n¬Ip∂Xv Nne t_m[yßfpsS

ASnkYm\ØnemWv. F∂m¬ AhcpsS

{]Xo£bv --s°mØv Dbcp∂pt≠m F∂v

tIm¨{Kkv hnebncptØ≠Xv t\XrXzamWv.

F∂m¬ Aßs\ Hcp Bfl]cntim[\

t\XrXeØn¬ \S°p∂pt≠m F∂p

tNmZn®m¬ C√ F∂pXs∂bmWv DØcw.

Hcp P\m[n]Xy hyhÿnXnbn¬ {]Xn

]£Øns‚ ZuXyw hfsc {][m\s∏´

XmWv. i‡amb {]Xn]£w Cs√¶n¬ `cWm

[nImcnIƒ A[nImc {]aØX ImWn°pw. AXv

tIm¨{Kkv i‡ambncp∂ ImeØpw \S∂n

´p≠v. Ct∏mƒ _nsP]n i‡ambt∏mgpw

\S°p∂p≠v. Fs¥ms° Ipdhps≠¶nepw

tIm¨{Kkn\v Hcp KpWap≠v. C¥ybnse `n∂

kaqlßsf Hcp NcSn¬ tIm¿Øp sIm≠p

34

t]mIm≥ tIm¨{Kkn\p Ign™n´p≠v.

\msfbpw AXn\p Ignbp∂Xv tIm¨{Kkn\p

am{XamWv. C¥ybnsehnsS sN∂mepw

ASnÿm\XeØn¬ tIm¨{Kkv {]h¿ØI\m

sW∂p ]d™v Hcmsfsb¶nepw ImWm≥

Ignbpw. ImcWw tIm¨{Kkv C¥ybpsS

kzmX{¥y kac {]ÿm\Øns‚ `mKambn

Øs∂ hf¿∂ph∂XmWv. F∂m¬ CØcw

Imcyßsfms° a\knemImØXv tIm¨{Kkv

t\XrXzØn\p am{XamWv.

AXpsIm≠mWv Bfl]cntim[\bv°p≈

AhkcsØsbms° t\XrXzØns\Xncmb

\o°w am{Xambn sNdpXm°n°mWp∂Xv.

AXpsIm≠p kw`hn°p∂sX¥msW∂p

h®m¬ AWnIƒ°v t\XrXzØn¬ hnizmkw

\„amIp∂p. Ah¿ hn´pt]mIm≥ XpSßp∂p.

As√¶n¬ \ni–cmIp∂p. Hcp ImeØv

tIm¨{Kkns‚ tIm´bmbncp∂p Z£ntW¥y.

F∂m¬ C∂v Z£ntW¥ybn¬ tIm¨{Kkn\v

A[nImcap≈Xv ]pXpt®cnbn¬ am{XamWv.

Xangv--\mń¬ tIm¨{Kkn\v A[nImcan√mXmbn v́

F{Xtbm Imeambn. F∂n´pw AhnsS ASnÿm

\XeØn¬ tIm¨{Kkn\v Ct∏mgpw {]h¿Ø

Icp≠v. A[nImcan√mXmbXn\p tijw P\n®

Xeapdbn¬s]´h¿ t]mepw tIm¨{Kkn

ep≠v. AXns‚ A¿Yw tIm¨{Kkn¬

{]Xo£bp≈h¿ Ct∏mgpw Ds≠∂pXs∂

bmWv. ]t£ AXp t\XrXzw a\knem°p∂n

s√∂p am{Xw.

tIcfØnse ÿnXn t\m°pI. tIm¨{Kkv

ChnsS {][m\ cm{„ob I£nbmWv. ]t£

]et∏mgpw ASnÿm\XeØnep≈ {]h¿ØI¿

AhKWn°s∏SpIbpw t\Xm°fpsS s]ńNpa´p

Im¿ am{Xw ÿm\am\ßƒ t\SpIbpw sNøp∂p.

AtXmsS Bflm¿YXbp≈ {]h¿ØI¿

\ni–cmIp∂p. As√¶n¬ Ahsc Bsc¶nepw

dm©ns°m≠p t]mIp∂p.

tIm¨{Kkn\v C∂pw kwLS\m

Xncs™Sp∏ns\ t]SnbmWv. Nne t\Xm°fpw

AhcpsS D]{Klßfpw am{Xambn ]m¿ń

Npcpßp∂p. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ ASnÿm\

XeØnep≈ ]m¿ń{]h¿ØI¿°v ]m¿ńbn¬

Db¿∂phcm\p≈ km[yXbn√. Xncs™Sp∏n¬

ko‰v thWsa¶n¬ kapZmb kwLS\IfpsS kv-

-t]m¨k¿jn∏pw thWw. F∂m¬ ]ns∂

AsXm∂pw Bhiyan√mØnStØ°v t]mIm

sa∂v bphXzw Xocpam\n®m¬ B¿°v Ip‰w

]dbm≥ Ignbpw. CØhWsØ Xt±i

Xncs™Sp∏nepw Nn{Xw as‰m∂pa√.

tZisØbmsI DW¿Øm≥ ]‰p∂ Hcp

Imcy]cn]mSn Bhnjv --Icn°m≥ t]mepw

tIm¨{Kkn\p Ignbp∂n√. ]cmPbw hcp

tºmƒ ]XdpIb√ th≠Xv, Bfl]cntim

[\bmWv. temIv Uu¨ XpSßnb kabØv

AXnYnsØsmmgnemfnIƒ s]cphgnbnembn.

AhcpsS Zp:Jw I≠dnbm\pw AhtcmsSm∏w

\S°m\pw cmlp¬ Km‘n am{Xta D≠mbn

cp∂p≈p. F∂m¬ AhtcmsSm∏w At±lw_nlm¿ hsc \S∂ncps∂¶ntem? Nn{Xw

as‰m∂mIpambncp∂p. AXnYnsØmgnemfnIƒ°nSbn¬ amthmbnÃv B`napJyap≈kn]nsF (FwF¬) D≠m°nb kzm[o\w

ImWpI. AXv ASnÿm\XeØnse {]h¿Ø\w sIm≠pw AhtcmsSm∏w \n¬°pw F∂pt_m[yambXpsIm≠pamWv. F∂m¬ AØc

Øn¬ Hcp \b]cn]mSn Bhnjv --Icn°m≥tIm¨{Kkn\p Ignbp∂n√. cmPyØv [mcmfw{]iv--\ßfp≠v. XIcp∂ kmºØnImhÿ,

sXmgnen√mbva, ]ńWn, hnthN\w Aßs\henb {]iv--\ßƒ P\w A`napJoIcn°p∂p.Ahsbsbms° Nne s]mSnss°IIƒ

{]tbmKn®v AS°nhbv°pIbmWv `cWt\XrXzw sNøp∂Xv. AXp Xpd∂pIm´Wsa¶n¬ i‡cmb t\Xm°ƒ thWw, i‡cmb

{]Xn]£w thWw. cmPysØ {]Xn]£sØFßs\bmWv `n∂n∏n®pw Bhiyap≈t∏mƒtbmPn∏n®pw \n¿Øp∂sX∂v _nsP]nbn¬

\n∂p tIm¨{Kkv I p]Tn°Ww. AØcØn¬ka{K am‰w BWv tIm¨{Kkn\p th≠Xv.

tIm¨{Kkv C\nsb¶nepw ka{KambBfl]cntim[\bv°p XømdmhWw F∂pam{XamWv B ]m¿ńbn¬ C∂pw {]Xo£

\„s∏SmØh¿ ]dbp∂Xv. am{Xa√, HcpImeØv tIm¨{Kkns\ i{Xphmbn I≠ncp∂h¿ t]mepw B ]m¿ńsb {]Xo£tbmsS

ImWm≥ XpSßnbn´ps≠∂Xpw as‰mcpbmYm¿Yyw. AhcpsS {]Xo£bv--s°mØpbcm≥Ign™m¬ tIm¨{Kkn\p `mhnbp≠v.

As√¶n¬ ]m¿ń ayqknbØn¬ HXpßpw.

tasºmSn

A`n{]mb kzmX{¥yØns‚ h‡m°

fmbmWv AJnte¥ymXeØn¬ kn]nFw

Dƒs∏sSbp≈ IayqWnÃv ]m¿ńIƒ Adnb

s∏Sp∂Xv. F∂m¬ tIcfØn¬ kn]nFw

t\XrXzØnep≈ CSXp]£ k¿°mcn\v

A`n{]mb kzmX{¥ysØ t]SnbmWv. G‰hpw

HSphn¬ sIm≠ph∂ 118 F F∂ \nbat`ZKXn

am[yaßsf apgph≥ IgpØnsRcn®p sIm√m≥

Dt±in®pXs∂bmbncp∂p. tkmjy¬ aoUnbsb

\nb{¥n°ms\∂ t]cn¬ sIm≠ph∂ Cu

I≈\mWbsØ P\w Xncn®dn™p. am\ns‚

thjw [cn® amcoN\mWsX∂p Xncn®dn™

am[ya kaqlw Db¿Ønb {]Xntcm[w B¿°pw

AhKWn°m\mhmØXmbncp∂p. F∂m¬

\nbaw X¬°mew \S∏m°p∂ns√∂p am{X

amWv k¿°m¿ \ne]mSv. Kh¿W¿ H∏ph®

Hm¿Un\≥kv AXpt]mse \ne\n¬°pw

F∂XmWv kXyw. \nbak`bn¬ ]mkm°p

∂ns√¶n¬ Bdpamkw Ign™v kzm`hnI Ncaw

ASbpsa∂p am{Xw. òjWn Hgn™p

t]mbnńs√∂p Npcp°w.

35

]pXn-b-\n-ba {KŸ-ß-fnse Nne ]cm

a¿i-ßƒ°v lmt\m°v kmln-Xy-tØmSv IS-∏m-

Sp-≠v. lmt\m-°ns‚ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂

IrXn-Iƒ HutZym-Kn-I-ambn AwKo-Imcw C√m-

Ø-h-bm-sW-¶nepw, ]pXn-b-\n-b-a- cN\m Im-e-

L-´-Ønse Fgp-Øp-Imsc kzm[o-\n-®n-´p-≠v.- hn.-

]-t{Xm-kns‚ teJ-\-ß-fnepw ]utem-kns‚

teJ-\-ß-fnepw bqZm-bpsS teJ-\-Ønepw

ImWp∂ kzm[o\w ]cn-tim-[n-°mw.

]t{Xm-kns‚ teJ-\-ßƒ:

1]-t{Xm.3,19: ""Bflm-thm-Sp-IqsS sN∂v

Ah≥ _‘-\-ÿ-cmb Bflm-°-tfmSv kphn-

tijw {]kw-Kn-®p.''

3,20. ""Ah-cm-I-s´,- t\m-lns‚ ImeØv

s]´Iw ]Wn-b-s∏-´-t∏mƒ,- £-am-]q¿hw ImØn-

cp∂ ssZhsØ A\p-k-cn-°m-Ø-h-cm-bn-cp∂p.

B s]´-I-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-cp∂ F´p-t]¿ am{Xta

Pe--Øn-eqsS c£ {]m]n-®p-≈p.'' (]n.-Hm.-kn.-ss_-

_nƒ).

Cu hnh¿Ø-\-Øn¬ A¬∏w ]ni-Ip-≠v.

Xmsg ]d-bp-∂-XmWv icn-bmb hnh¿Ø\w:

""Ah≥ Bflm-thm-Sp-IqsS sN∂v

_‘-\-ÿ-cmb ZpjvSm-cq-]n-I-tfmSv

Xn∑-bp-sS-ta¬ Xs‚ hnPbw hnfw-_cw

sNbvXp''.

]T\w

tNSnbØv Koh¿Kokv a¬∏m≥

_‘-\-ÿ-cmb Bflm-°ƒ ZpjvSm-cq-]n-I-

fm-Wv. ^ypemt° ]vs\hp-am-kn≥ F∂mWv

{Ko°v.- A-Xn-\¿Yw, _‘-\-ÿ-cmb Acq-]n-Iƒ

F∂m-Wv. Bflm-°ƒ F∂-√, Acq-]n-Iƒ

F∂p hnh¿Ø\w sNø-Ww. B Acq-]n-Iƒ

_‘-\-ÿ-cm-Wv.

3,20-˛¬ F´p-t]¿ F∂p ]d-bm≥ ]vs\hpam

F∂√ ]ns∂-tbm,- H-IvtXm- ]vkyp-°mbv ˛F´v

Bflm-°ƒ˛F∂mWv {Ko°n¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-

∂-Xv. At∏mƒ c≠pw c≠m-bn-´mWv {KŸ-Im-c≥

Dt±-in -®-Xv. AXm-b-Xv, BZy-hm-N-I-Ønse

^yemt° ]vs\hp-am-kn≥ F∂Xpw c≠m-a-

sØ -hm -N -I -Ønse Ht‡m ]vkp°mbv

F∂Xpw H∂-√, -c≠p Xc-°m-sc-bmWv kqNn-∏n-

°p-∂-Xv.

kphn-tijw {]kw-Kn®p (1-]-t{Xm.3,19):

am\- m-¥cw e£y-am-°n-bp≈ kphn-ti-j-{]-

tLm-j-W-Øn\v Fhm≥sK-entkm F∂

hm°mWv {Ko°v ss_-_n-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-

Xv.- F-∂m¬ ChnsS sIdqtkm F∂ hm°mWv

(F-sI-dq-sk≥) F∂mWv {]tbm-Kw.- hn-fw-_cw

sNøpI F∂ A¿Y-am-Wn-Xn-\v. ""-kp-hn-tijw

{]kw-Kn®p-'' -F∂ A¿Yw Fh≥sK-en-tkmbv°v

D≈-Xp-t]mse sIdq-tkmbv°v C√.- A-Xm-b-Xv,-

kp-hn-ti-j-{]-tLm-j-W-tØmSv _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn

Cu ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-s≠-¶n-epw,- F-hm-≥-sK-

36

entkm F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ e£ym¿Yw CXn-\n-√. -

{InkvXp Xn∑-bp-sS- ta¬ Xs‚ hnPbw hnfw-

_cw sNbvXp F∂mWv Chn-SpsØ A¿Yw.

""Bflm-thm-Sp IqsS sN∂p'' (1-]-t{Xm.3,19):

tbip-hns‚ ac-Whpw D∞m-\hpw 3,18-˛mw

hmIyw ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p:"" -i-co-c-Øn¬ acn®v

Bflm-hn¬ Poh≥ {]m]n-®p-sIm≠v-''. tb-ip-

hns‚ ac-W-Øn¬, i-co-c-Øn¬\n∂v a\p-jym-

flmhv th¿s]-´p. B Bflm-hns\ ]‰n-b√

ChnsS ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-Xv. acn®v D∞m\w sNbvXv

Pohm-flm-hmbn Xo¿∂ tbip--hns\ ]‰n-bmWv

kqN-\.- \-sΩ- ssZ-h-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ FØn-°m≥

tbip acn®v D∞m\w sNbvXp.

1-]-t{Xm.3,22: ""-tb-ip-{In-kvXp-hm-Is´ kz¿K-

Øn-te°v {]th-in®p-''.- s]msd-hpthm F∂mWv

{Ko°p-]Zw: t]mIp-I,- sN-√p-I, -I-S-°p-I, -{]-th-

in-°pI Fs∂m-s°-bmWv A¿Yw.s]m-sd-hp-

sYbvk v F∂-Xn\v Cd-ßn,- I-bdn XpS-ßnb

A¿Y-a-√ D≈-Xv. Ahn-Sp∂v F√m-‰n-s\bpw Xs‚

D∞m-\-Øn-eq-sS- Io-gvs∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xn-s\-∏‰n ]d-bp-

∂p: ""ZqX-∑mcpw A[n-Im-c-ßfpw i‡n-Ifpw

Ahn-Sp-tØ°v Iogvs∏-´n-cn-°p∂p (3,22).

1]-t{Xm.3,20: B ZpjvSm-cq-]n-Iƒ ssZhsØ

A\p-k-cn-°m-Ø-h¿ Bbn-cp-∂p.

3,20-˛pw 3,21-˛pw amtam -Zokm hgn-bp≈ c£-

sb-∏-‰n-bmWv {]Xn-]m-Zn--°p-∂-Xv. 3,20-̨ pw 21-̨ pw thdn-

´p- \n¬°p-∂-Xp -Im-Wmw.

D∞m-\-Øn-eqsS Pohm-flm-hmbn AYhm

tPXm-hmbn Xo¿∂ tbip _‘n-X-cmb ZpjvSm-

cq-]n-I-tfmSv Xn∑-bp-sS -ta-ep≈ Xs‚ hnPbw

hnfw-_cw sNbvXp. tbip Xs‚- a-\p-jym-flm-thm-

sSm∏w acn®v, ]m-Xm-f-Øn¬ _‘n-X-cmb Bflm-

°-fpsS ]°-te°v XmWn-d-ßn-s®∂v Ah-tcm-Sv

kp-hn-tijw {]kw-Kn--s®t∂m Ahsc am\- m-¥-

c-s∏-Sp-Øn-sbt∂m 1]-t{Xm.3,19-˛\v A¿Y-an-√.

1]-t{Xm.4,6:""ico-c-Øn¬ a\p-jy-sc-t∏mse

hn[n-°-s∏--s´-¶nepw Bflm-hn¬ ssZh-sØ-

t∏mse Pohn-°p-∂-Xn-\p -th-≠n-bmWv acn-®-h-tcm-

Sp -t]mepw kphn-tijw {]kw-Kn--°-s∏-´-Xv.''- aq-e-

Øn¬ t]mepw C√. ChnsS- ]-d-bp∂ acn-®-h¿,

a-X-]o-U-\-Ønse c‡-km-£n-I-fm-Wv.- a-X-]o-U-

\-Øn¬ Poh≥ \jvS-am-b-h¿°v F¥p- kw-`-

hn°pw F∂-Xns‚ DØ-c-amWv Cu hmIyw.- A-

h¿ ssZh-tØm-sSmØv Pohn-°p-∂p. ""kphn-

tijw {]kw-Kn-°-s∏-´Xv'' F∂m-Wv, A√msX

`mhn-bn¬ {]kw-Kn-°p-∂-Xns\ ]‰n-b-√.- A-h¿

{InkvXp-hn-s\-t∏mse al-Xz-Øn¬ {]thin°pw

F∂p kmcw.

hn.- ]-t{Xm-kns‚ H∂mw teJ\w ]oU-b-\p-̀ -

hn-°p∂ {InkvXym-\n-I-sf- t{]m-’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v

Fgp-Xn-bn--́ p-≈-Xm-Wv (1-]-t{Xm.2,12-̨ 15; 4,3-̨ 4.14-̨ 15).-

I¿Øm-hns‚ D∞m\w {]Xymi ]I-cp-∂p.- A-

Xp-sIm≠v aX-]o-U-\-Øn¬ ZrV-Nn-Ø-cm-bn-cn-

°m≥ Blzm\w sNøp-∂p. - F-∂m¬ Xn∑

{]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h¿ in£n-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂v teJ\w

Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. Cu teJ-\-Ønse Bi-b-ßƒ

]-t{Xm-kns‚ c≠mw teJ-\-Ønepw bqZm-bpsS

teJ-\-Ønepw ImWmw.

bqZm-bpsS teJ\w:

bqZm 6˛7:""kz¥w \ne-a-d∂v Xß-fp-tS-Xmb

hmkÿm\w Dt]-£n-®p-I-f™ ZqX-∑m-sc,- a-

lm-Zn-\-Ønse hn[n-hsc AhnsS A‘-Im-c-

Øn¬ \nXy-_-‘-\-Øn¬ kq£n-®n -cn --°p -

∂p.''_‘-\-ÿ-cmb ZpjvSm-cq-]n-I-fmWv kqNn-

Xw. -am-\- m-¥-c-s∏-Sm-sX -sX-‰n¬ Xs∂ XpS-cp-

∂-h¿°v ITn-\-in£ e`n-°p-sa∂v ]Tn-∏n-°m≥

th-≠n-bmWv in£-tb‰ ZqX-∑m-cp-sSbpw tkmtZmw

tKmtamdm \K-c-ß-fp-sSbpw DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ

FSpØp Im´n-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv.

]utem-kns‚ teJ-\-ßƒ:

Ft^. 4,8 -˛10:""Ah≥ D∂-X-Øn-te°v

Btcm-lWw sNbvX-t∏mƒ AkwJyw XS-hp-

Imsc IqsS-s°m-≠p-t]m-bn.- a-\p-jy¿°v Ah≥

Zm\-ßƒ \¬In. -A-h≥ Btcm-lWw sNbvXp

F∂-Xns‚ A¿Yw F¥mWv? Ah≥ `qan-bpsS

At[m-̀ m-K-ß-fn-te°v Cd-ßn-sb-∂p- Iq-sS-bt√?

Cd-ßn-b-h≥ Xs∂-bm-Wv,- F√m hkvXp-°-sfbpw

]qcn-X-am-°m≥ th-≠n- F√m kz¿K-ßƒ°pw D]-

cn- B-tcm-lWw sNbvX-h\pw.''

IsØ-sXcm tatc tKkv F∂m¬ `qan-

bpsS Xmgv∂ `mKw. tbip-hns‚ hnP-bhpw k`-

bnse Ahs‚ hmgvNbpw ̀ qkz¿K-ßsf apgp-h≥

Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p.- tb-ip-hns‚ B[n-]-Xy-Øn≥

Io-gn¬ C√mØ Hcn-S-hp-an√ F∂¿Yw. ChnsS

kphn-tij {]tLm-j-W-a√ N¿®m-hn-j-bw. -D-∞n-

\mb {InkvXp Xs‚ k`sb ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øm≥

hnhn-[-Xcw hc-ßƒ h¿jn-°p∂p (4,11). CXn-eqsS

Ahn-SpsØ km¿h-{Xn-IX hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

""AkwJyw XS -hp -Imsc'' F∂Xv

k¶o¿Ø\w 68,18-˛¬ \n∂p≈ D≤-c-Wn-bm-Wv. -

i-{Xp-°-fp-sS- ta¬ hnPbw hcn-®p-sIm-≠p≈,

ssZh-Øns‚ ssP{X-bm-{X-bmWv {]Xn-]m-Zyw.

Cu k¶o¿Ø-\--Øn¬ Hcp ]pcm-X-\- ]-Xnhv Ah-

X-cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. bp≤w Pbn--®p-h-cp∂ cmPm-°-

∑m¿ XS-hp-Im-cmb i{Xp-°sf {]Z¿in-∏n-®n-cp-∂p.

CXv {]Xo-I-ambn Cu k¶o¿-Ø-\-Øn¬ {]tbm-

Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. a\p-jysc ASn-a-bm-°p∂ i‡n-

I-fpsS taep≈ {InkvXp-hns‚ hnPbw Nn{Xo-I-

cn-°m≥ hn.-]u-temkv «olm Cu k¶o¿Ø-\-

`mKw D≤-cn-°p-∂p. i{Xp-°sf ImWm≥ hgn-tbm-

c-Øp- \n¬°p∂ P\-Øn\v cmPm-°-∑m¿ kΩm-

\-ßƒ hmcn-hn-X-dpI ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p. ""-a-\p-

jy¿°v Ah≥ Zm\-ßƒ \¬In'' F∂-Xv (4,8)

Cu ]›mØeØn¬ a-\- n-em-°-Ww.

37

Ft^.4,8˛10 t\mSv Xpey-amWv ^nen.2,5-˛11.

{InkvXp-hns‚ kzbw iq\y-h¬°-c-Whpw al-

Xzo-I-c-W-hp-amWv Chn-sSbpw {]Xn-]m-Zy-hn-j-bw.

{InkvXp kIe i{Xp-°-fp-sSbpw ta¬hn-Pbw

hcn-®-h-\m-Wv. Ahn-Sp∂v Xs‚ k`-bn¬ hc-Zm-\-

ßƒ h¿jn-®p- sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

Cu Bibw Xs∂ sImtfm.2,15 -˛epw

F{_m.7,26˛epw ImWmw: ""B[n-]-Xy-ß-tfbpw

A[n-Im-c-ß-tfbpw Ah≥ \n-cm-bp-[-cm-°n.- Ip-

cn-in¬ Ah-bp-sS-ta¬ hnPbw BtLm-jn-®p-sIm-

≠v, Ahsb ]c-ky-ambn Ah-tl-f-\m -]m-{X-ß-

fm°n'' (-sIm-tfm.5,25). ""Ah≥ kz¿K-Øn-\p-ta¬

Db¿Ø-s∏-´ -a -lm -]p -tcm -ln -X -\m -Wv ''

(-F-{_m.7,26).

lmt\m-°ns‚ t]cn-ep≈ {KŸ-ß-fpsS

kzm[o\w

ta¬∏-d-™- Xn-cp-en-Jn-X-`m-K-ßƒ Hcp -{]-

tXy-I- km-ln-Xy-ssi-en-bpsS kzm[o-\-Øn¬ hnc-

Nn-X-am-Wv. AtX-∏‰n Npcp-°-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-°mw.

D¬]-Øn 5,18-̨ 24- ¬ ]-cm-a¿in-°p∂ lmt\m-

°ns‚ t]cn¬ c≠p {KŸ-ßƒ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.""-

ssZhw Ahs\ FSpØp''F∂v lmt\m-°n-s\-

∏‰n ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p (D¬].5,24). lmt\m-°ns‚

kz¿Kob bm{X-bn¬ Ah≥ Z¿in-®-h-bm-bn-´mWv

hnh-c-Ww. ssZhw \nc-h[n kwK-Xn-Iƒ Ah\v

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-Øp._n.-kn.-c-≠mw- \q-‰m-

≠n¬ Fgp-Xnb lmt\m-°ns‚ ]pkvX-Iw,- _n-

kn.-H∂mw \q‰m-≠n-se-gp-Xnb -lm-t\m-°ns‚ cl-

ky-ß-fpsS ]pkvXIw F∂o A{]m-am-Wn-I (-

A-t∏m - {In -^¬) {KŸ-ßƒ ta¬∏-d™

ss__nƒ hmIy-ßsf kzm[o-\n-®n-́ p-≠v. lmt\m-

°ns‚ ]pkvXIw FtXym-]y≥ `mj-bnepw

lmt\m-°ns‚ cl-ky-ß-fpsS ]pkvXIw …mthm-

WnIv `mj-bn-ep-amWv e`n-®n-´p-≈-Xv.- A-h-bpsS

aqe-`mj lo{_phpw Ad-am-b-bp-am-Wv.- Ah C∂v

e`y-a-√. ta¬∏-d-™ -hn-h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-eq-sS-bmWv

Ah e`n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

{]]-©-L-S-\, a\p-jys‚ kz`m-hw,- A-¥yw,

amem-J-am¿, ]nim-Np-°ƒ, ZpjvSm-cq -]n-Iƒ,-

kz¿Kw,- \-c-Iw,- ]m-Xmfw XpSßn hnhn[ hnj-b-

ß-sf-∏‰n A∂sØ a\p-jy¿ Nn¥n-®n-cp-∂Xv

{Kln-°m≥ Cu {KŸ-ßƒ k-lm-bn-°pw. -Ah

B[n-Im-cnI {KŸ-ß-fmbn blq-Zcpw ss{IkvX-

hcpw kzoI-cn-°p-∂n-√.- A-h-bp-sS -{]-]-©-ho-£-

W-tam,- a‰v hnh-c-W-ßtfm AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√.-

F-∂m¬ ssZhw t\cn´v lmt\m-°n\v shfn-s∏-Sp-

Øn-b-Xm-bn-´m-Wv hnh-c-Ww. Cu {KŸ-ß-fn¬

amem-J-amcpw ]nim-Np-°fpw {][m\ IYm-]m-{X-

ß-fm-Wv.- ]n-im-Np--°-fpsS D¤-hw, Ah¿°p

In´nb in£,- A-h-cpsS {]h¿Ø-\ -a-WvU-ew, -

hm-k-ÿew apX-em-b-hsb Ipdn-®v hn-hcn-°p-∂p.

]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Ønse ta¬∏-d™ `mK-ß-fnse

]cm-a¿i-ßƒ a\- n-em-°m≥ Cu {KŸ-ßƒ

klm-bn-°pw.

-lm-t\m-°ns‚ ]pkvXIw 6˛11 A[ym-b-ß-

fn¬ amem-J-am-cpsS ]X-\w, ]nim-Np-°-fp-sSbpw

Aip-≤m-flm-°-fp-sSbpw D¤-hw,- _-‘-\-ÿ-cmb

Acq-]n-Iƒ F∂o- hn-j-b-ßƒ N¿®-sN-øp-∂p.

D¬]Øn 6,1 -˛4 s\ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bmWv

hnh-c-Ww.

kz¿K-]p-{X-∑m-cmb 200 amem-J-am¿ a\p-jy-

]p-{Xn-am-cp-ambn _‘-s∏´v AXn-Im-b-∑msc P\n-

∏n-®p. Ah¿ [c-bn¬ sImSnb Xn∑ sNbvXp

At∏mƒ ssZhw \mev ssZhZqX-∑msc Ab-®p.

Ddn-tb-ens\ t\ml-bpsS ]°-te-°-b®v Pe-{]-

f-b-sØ-∏‰n Adn-bn-®p.- s]-́ Iw ]Wn-bm≥ t\ml-

tbmSv I¬]n-®p. -Zp-jvS-∑m-cpsS t\Xm-hmb Akm-

tk-ens\ _‘n-®v,- C-cp-´p-Ip-gn-bn¬ AS-bv°m≥

d^m-tb-ens\ \ntbm-Kn-®p. A-Xn-Im-b-∑m¿ ]c-

kv]cw ]S-sh´n \-in-°m≥ t{]cW \¬Ip-∂-

Xn\v K{_n-tb-ens\ Ab®p. skbvamkm F∂

ZpjvS-t\-Xm-hns\ _‘n®v AKm-[- K¿Øn¬ AS-

bv°m≥ anJm-tb-ens\ Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn. ]c-

kv]cw ]S-s]m-cpXn \in-® AXn-Im-b-∑m-cpsS

Bflm-°ƒ Aip-≤m-flm-°-fm-bn-Øo¿∂p.- A-h¿

`qan-bn¬ Np‰n-\-S-∂v -a-\p-jy-cn¬ I-S∂pIqSn ZpjvS-

Xbv°v t{]cn-∏n-°p-∂p.

lmt\m -°ns‚ cl-ky -ßƒ F∂

{KŸØn¬ ]Øv kz¿K-ß-sf-∏‰n ]d-bp-∂p. X´p-

X-´m-bn-´mWv kz¿K-ßƒ. FSp-°-s∏-´- lm-t\m-°v-

A-h-bn-eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-bt∏mƒ Z¿in-®h hc-®p-

Im-́ p-∂p.

H∂mw- kz¿K-Øn¬ ag-ta-L-ßfpw a™p-

am-Wv.

c≠mw kz¿K-Øn¬ Iqcn-cp-´m-Wv. ssZh-

I¬∏\ ewLn-® ssZh-Zq-X-∑m¿ AhnsS ]oUn-

∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.- A-h¿ \n-c-¥cw \ne-hn-fn-®p- sIm-

≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

aq∂mw- kz¿Kw Poh-hr£w hf-cp∂ ]dp-Zo-

km-bm-Wv. AXv \oXn-am-∑m¿°p-th≠n k÷-am-

°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. B kz¿K-Øns‚ hS-°p-`m-KØv

A‘-Im-cm-hr-X-amb XS-h-d-bn¬ ]m-]n-I-fpsS

Bflm-°ƒ ]oUn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

\memw kz¿K-Øn¬ kqcy-N-{μ-∑m-cm-Wv.

A©mw- kz¿K-Øn¬ _‘n-X-cmb Acq-]n-

I-fpsS t\Xm-hns\ _‘n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

Bdmw kz¿K-Øn¬ BIm-i-tKm-f-ß-sfbpw

a\p-jy-scbpw \nb-{¥n-°p∂ ZqX-∑m¿ h-kn-°p-∂p.

Ggmw- kz¿K-Øn¬ apJy-Zq-X-∑m¿ h-kn-°p-∂p.

F´mw- kz¿K-Øn¬ [c-bnse E-Xp-°sf \nb-

{¥n-°p∂ ZqX-∑m¿ h-kn-°p-∂p.

38

D]-ImckvacW

Hcp hnizmkn

H≥]-Xmw -kz¿K-Øn¬ cm-in-N-{I-Ønse

]{¥≠v cm-in-Iƒ ÿm]n-®n-cn--°p-∂p.

]Ømw- kz¿K-Øn¬ ssZhw hkn-°p-∂p.

AXv F√m kz¿K-ßƒ°pw D]-cn-ÿ-am-Wv.

1]-t{Xm.3,19-˛se ""_‘-\-ÿ-cmb Acq-]n-

I-fpw'',- 1]-t{Xm.4,18-˛19 se ""t\m-l-bpsS Imew

apX¬ _‘-\-ÿcpw,'' 2]-t{Xm.4 se ""Ccp-´p-

Ip-gn-bnte°v X≈n-bn´p'' F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-

hcpw, F-t^.6,12-˛se ""kz¿Kob CS-ß-fn¬

h¿Øn-°p∂ Xn∑-bpsS Zpcm-flm-°-fpw'', bqZm

6˛¬ ]d-bp-∂, ""\nXy-_-‘-\-Øn¬'' Ign-bp-∂-

hcpw, ""ssZhsØ A\p-k-cn-°m-Xn-cp∂ ZqX-

∑mcpw Ah-cpsS a°-fmb AXn-Im-b-∑mcp-am-

Wv.''. Ah¿ lmt\m-°ns‚ Z¿i-\-Ønse c≠pw

A©pw kz¿K-ß-fn¬ _‘n-X-cmbn Ign-bp-∂

Acq-]n-Ifm-Wv. I¿Ømhv Xs‚ kz¿Km-tcm-l-

Wm-h-kcw Ahsc kμ¿in-®p. Ah-cpsS tamN-

\-a√, ]ns∂-tbm, Xn∑-bpsS taep≈ Xs‚ hnP-

b-am-Wv {]tLm-jn-®-Xv.

2sIm-dn.12,2 -˛¬, hn. -]u-temkv «olm

""aq∂mw-kz¿Kw hsc FSp-°-s∏´ a\p-jys\''

Ipdn®v ]d-bp-tºmƒ, lmt\m-°ns‚ aq∂mw

kz¿K-amWv hnh-£n-°p-∂-Xv.

Ft^.4,8˛10-˛¬ ""Ah≥ D∂-X-Øn-te°v

Btcm-lWw sNbvX-t∏mƒ'' F∂Xpw ""F√m

kz¿K-ßƒ°pw D]cn Btcm-lWw sNbvX''

tbip-hns\ ]‰n ]d-bp∂Xpw ]Ømw kz¿K-

sØ-bmWv ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-Xv.

lmt\m-°ns‚ t]cn-ep≈ {KŸ-ß-fnse

hnh-cWw a\- n-em-°n-sb-¶nte CØcw ]cm-

a¿i-ß-fpsS s]mcpƒ kp{Km-ly-am-Iq.

(ssa-°nƒ Imcn-a-‰w, Bflm-°-fpsS temIw,-

ap-cn-ßq¿, 2005-̨ -t\mSv IS-∏m-Sv).

Hm¿Ω-sb-°p-dn-s®mcp Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Ø¬

C{]-Im-c-amWv; Imeßƒ IS-∂p-t]m-bmepw

kt¥m-j-I-c-amb Imcy-ßƒ Hm¿Øn-cn°pw thZ-

\m-I-c-am-b-hbpw A{X kt¥m-j-I-c-a-√m-Ø-

hbpw ad-hn-bn¬ aßn-a-dbpw. Rm\n-hn-sSmcp

Hm¿Ω-°p-dn-s∏-gp-Xm≥ {ian-°p-I-bm-Wv. ]pXnb

h¿j-Øns‚ hc-h-s√, AXpw tImhnUv Ime

]pXp-h¿jw, GXm\pw amk-ßƒ°v ap≥]v

HmWw h∂p-t]m-b-s√m. tImhnUv s]cp-am-‰-®-´-a-

\p-k-cn®v AXv BtLm-jn-®p. {InkvXp-a pw

Aßs\ IS-∂p-t]m-bn. Ct∏mƒ ]pXnb h¿j-

Øns‚ hc-hmW,v AXpw tImhnUv s]cp-am-‰-®-´-

a-\p-k-cn®v BtLm-jn-°pw. Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-

emWv Hcp Hm¿Ω-°-dn-s∏-gp-Xm≥ Xp\n-bp-∂-Xv.

At∏mƒ Hm¿Ω-bn¬ hcp-∂-sX√mw \√-Im-cy-

ßƒ. Pohn-X-Ønse G‰w kpμ-c-amb Hm¿Ω-Iƒ

]e-t∏mgpw _m√y-Im-esØ°pdn-®m-bn-cn-°p-a-

t√m. _m√y-Im-e-tØ-°p-Xs∂ t]mImw.

Rm≥ P\n-®-p-h-f¿∂Xv {Kma-]-›m-Ø-e-Øn-

em-bn-cp-∂p. at\m-l-c-amb {Kmaw. Rm≥ I≠n-´p-

≈-Xn¬ h®v G‰hpw at\m-l-c-amb {Kmaw.

FXn¿∏p≈ hmb-\-°m-cp-≠m-Imw. FXn¿s°-

≠m, Rm≥ I≠n-´p-≈-Xn¬ h®v at\m-l-c-amb

]pXp-h-’-c-Øn¬Hcp aI-c-hn-f°v Hm¿Ω

dh. ^m. sNdn-bm≥ Xmg-a¨

{Kmaw F∂t√ Rm≥ ]d-™p-≈q. Fs‚ ̀ mKyw,

A[nIw ÿe-ß-tfm∂pw ImWm≥ Ign-bm-

Ø™Xv. Hcp]s£, I≠n-cp-s∂-¶nepw am‰-ap-

≠m-I-W-sa-∂n-√. Hmtcm-cp-h-s‚bpw P∑-ÿew

Ah-c-h¿°v G‰w at\m-lcw Xs∂ Bbn-cn-°pw,

Bbn-cn-°-Ww. Imc-Ww, P∑-ÿew Bcp-sSbpw

sXc-s™-Sp-∏-√-s√m. k¿Δ ⁄m\n-bmb ssZh-

Øns‚ Xocp -am -\-as√ Ahs‚ Xocp -am\w

G‰hpw DNn-X-am-bn-cn-°p-a-s√m. Fs∂ kw_-

‘n®v G‰hpw \√-Xs√ Ah≥ F\n°v Xcn-I-

bp-≈p. tamiw Xtc≠ -Im-cy-sam-∂p-an-√-s√m.

Rßƒ XΩn¬ ]q¿Δ sshcm-Ky-ß-tfm-∂p-an-√,

am{X-hp-a√ \∑-am-{X-amb ssZh-as√ CXv sNbvX-

Xv. At∏mƒ Dd-∏mbn Fs‚ {Kmaw Fs∂ kw_-

‘n®v G‰w at\m-l-c-amb {Kmaw Xs∂.

hnhn[ hn`mKw lnμp-°fpw hnhn-[- k-`mw-

K-ß-fmb {InkvXym-\n-Ifpw CS-I-e¿∂v hkn-

°p∂ {Kmaw. {]m¿∞-\bv°pw Bcm-[-\bv°pw

lnμp-°ƒ t£{X-ß-fn¬ t]mIpw, {InkvXym-\n-

I¬ ]≈n-I-fn¬ t]mIpw. t£{X-ß-fnse D’h

BtLm-j-]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ ImWm≥ {InkvXym-\n-

Ifpw ImØn-cn-°pw. ]≈n-I-fnse s]cp-∂mƒ

BtLm-j-ß-fn¬ lnμp-°fpw kw_-‘n-°pw.

\nco-£-Ww

39

HmWw {InkvXp-a v XpS-ßnb BtLm-j-ß-fnepw

F√m-hcpw ]s¶-Sp-°pw. aX- hy-Xym-k-an-√msX

hoSp-I-fn¬ Ib-dn-bn-dßn kulrZw ]¶p-h-bv°pw,

hnti-j-ßƒ Xnc-°pw. hnhmlw acWw XpS-ßnb

kμ¿`-ß-fn¬ F√m-h-scbpw £Wn°pw Adn-bn-

°pw, F√m-hcpw hcn-Ibpw sNøpw. aX-]-ctam

kap -Zm -b -] -ctam Bb hgt°m a’-ctam

kv]¿±tbm tI´p-tIƒhn-t]m-ep-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p.

lnμp-°fpw {InkvXym-\n-I-fp-a-√msX a‰v aX-ÿ-

scm∂p Rß-fpsS {Kma-Øn¬ C√m-bn-cp-∂p,

Ct∏mgpw C√. {Kma-Øns‚ at\m-lm-cn-X-bpsS

ImcWw CXp-sIm-≠p-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cn-°ptam, Hcp

kwi-bw.

Fs‚ \mńse Nne t£{X-ß-fpsS D≈n¬

{]Xn-jvT-bpsS ASp-Øp-h-sc, Fs‚ lnμp kvt\ln-

X-∑m-tcm-sSm∏w, Rm≥ Ib-dn-bn-́ p-≠v. kvt\ln-X¿°v

AXp-sIm≠v kt¥m-j-a-√msX bmsXmcp FXn¿∏w

D≠m-bn-́ n-√. D≈n¬ Ib-dp-∂-Xn\v ap≥]v sNcp-∏p-

Iƒ Agn-®p-am-‰-W-ambn-cp∂p F∂v am{Xw.

Rßƒ°-Xns‚ Bhiyw h∂n-ń-√. ImcWw

Rßƒ°m¿°pw A∂v sNcp-∏n-√m-bn-cp -∂p.

F∂m¬ C\n AXp-IqSn ]d-bmw, Rm≥ BZy-ambn

sNcp∏v D]-tbm-Kn-®Xv Fs‚ ]sØm≥]Xmw hb-

n-em-Wv. sshZnI ]cn -io -e-\-Im-eØv,

\mevh¿jsØ ssa\¿ skan-\mcn ]T\w Ign™v

^tem-k^n ]T-\-Øn-\mbn taP¿ skan-\m-cn-bn-

te°v t]mIp∂ Znh-kw, AXm-bXv 1972 sabv amk

31-̨ mw Xob-Xn. F¥m, hmb-\-°m¿s°mcp h√m-bva-

tXm-∂p-∂pt≠m ? sNcp-∏n-√msX Smdn´ tdmUn-eq-

sSbpw kna‚n-́ -tdm-Un-eq-sSbpw a≤ym-”-Øn¬

t]mepw \S-°m\pw Ifn-ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ Ifn-I-fn¬

G¿s∏-Sm\pw H∂pw bmsXmcp _p≤n-ap´pw A∂v

tXm∂n-bn-cp-∂n-√. B ImeØv Nß-\m-t»-cn¬

Fkv. _n. tImtf-Pn¬ {]oUn-{Kn°v ]Tn-®n-cp∂ c≠v

h¿j-°mew cmhn-sebpw sshIn´pw skan-\m-cn-bn¬

\n∂v Xncp-h√ sI. F v. B¿. Sn. kn. _kv

Ãm≥Un-te°pw Nß-\m-t»cn _kv Ãm≥Un¬

\n∂v tImtf-Pn-te°pw, Xncn-sIbpw ka-c- Zn-h-k-

ß-fn¬ a≤ym-”-kp-cys‚ NqSnepw sNcp-∏n-√msX

\S-∂n-cp-∂Xv _p≤n-ap-́ p≈ Imcy-ambn-cp-∂n-√. C∂n-

t∏mƒ P\n®v hogp∂ Ip™ns‚ Imen¬ jqkv

CSp-hn-®n-́ mWv _‘p-°sf ImWn-°m≥ ]pd-tØ°v

sIm≠p-h-cp-∂-Xp-X-s∂. Ime-Øns‚ am‰w. sNcp-

∏ns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ am{X-a-√n-Xv. _‘-ß-fnepw D≠m-

bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Bcpw apJw Npfn-°-cpXv, Iºpw hSn-bp-ambn

NmSn hcp-Ibpw Acp-Xv. ]nW-ßp-Ibpw AXp-Xv.

G¶n¬ Hcp Imcy-IqSn ]d-bmw. km£m¬ i_-

cn-ae t£{X-Ønepw Rm≥ t]mbn-´p-≠v. {iotIm-

hn-en¬, ]Xn-s\´mw ]Sn°v apI-fn¬, Aø∏ hn{K-

l-Øns‚ ap≥]n¬ hsc. A∂sØ apJy X{¥n

{io. IWvTcv atl-iz-csc At±-l-Øns‚ apdn-

bn¬ sN∂v ImWp-Ibpw Ipsd kabw kwkm-cn-

®n-cn-°p-Ibpw AhnsSsb√mw ImWn-°m≥ Hcp

klm-bnsb Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp-

X∂p. F∂v am{X-a-√, AhnsS \n∂v `£-Whpw

Ign-∏n-®n-´mWv bm{X-bm-°n-b-Xv. {io. Aø-∏≥

tIm]n-®n-√, Cuiz-c≥ i]n-®n-√, tbip-{InkvXp

Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øn-bp-an-√.

C\n Hcev]w “]pØ≥ i_-cn-ae hnti-

jw”. Fs‚ {Kma-Ønse Hcp t£{X-am-WXv.

aI-c-hn-f-°n-t\m-S-\p-_-‘n®mWv Ahn-Sp-sØbpw

{][m\ D’-hw. kvIqfn¬ ]Tn-°p∂ ImeØv

AhnsS D’-h-Øn\v t]mIp-am-bn-cp-∂p. A∂-

hnsS aq∂v Znh-ksØ D’-h-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]I¬

ka-b-ß-fn¬ aX-{KŸ hmb-\-Iƒ XpS¿®-bmbn

\S-∂n-cp-∂p. H∂mw Znhkw aX-{]-kwKw c≠mw

Znhkw IYm-{]-kwKw ap∂mw Znhkw sshIn´v

Fgp-s∂-≈Øpw cm{Xn IY-I-fnbpw ‘aX-{]-

kwKw’ BfloI Pohn-X-Øn\v DX-Ip∂ \√

Nn¥-Iƒ. tIƒ°p∂ GsXm-cmƒ°pw \∑-h-cp-

Øp∂ Imcy-ßƒ. hoń¬ Ccp∂p Xs∂ AXv

hy‡-ambn tIƒ°m-am-bn-cp-∂p. c≠mw Znh-

ksØ IYm-{]-kw-Khpw tI´v Bkz-Zn-°pw,

aq∂mw Znh-ksØ Fgp-s∂-≈Øv ImWm≥

ImØp-\n-ev°pw, sN≠-°mcpw hmZy-°mcpw

B\bpw F√mw, ]≈n-bnse s]cp-∂mƒ dmk-

t]m-se-Xs∂, B\-Iq-Sp-Xeps≠∂p am{Xw.

A∂v cm{Xn IY-Ifn. cm{Xn Ipsd kabw AXpw

hoń¬ Ccp∂v tI´v Bkz-Zn-°pw. GsX-¶nepw

Hcp-Zn-hkw D’-h-ÿ-eØv t]mIpw. F√m I≠v

\S°pw, _eq-Wpw, anTm-bnbpw Nne A√-d-Nn-√d

km[-\-ß-sfms° hmßpw, Iq´p-Imcpw IqsS-Im-

Wpw. Imew Ign-™n´pw Ct∏mgpw aI-c-hn-f-

°ns‚ k‘y-bn¬ Rm≥ hoń¬ FØm-dp-≠v.

]pØ≥ i_-cn-ae t£{X-Ønse D’-h-Øns‚

i_vZ -sa -¶nepw tIƒ°p-I -bmWv e£yw.

Ct∏mƒ Hcm-gvNsØ ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fm-Wv. F√m-Zn-h-

khpw aX-{]-kw-K-ß-fp-≠v. F∂m¬, ]≠sØ

Bflo-bX Ah-bn¬ tIƒ°m-\n√. aX-{]-kw-K-

ß-sf-°mƒ kap-Zm-b-{]-kw-K-ß-fm-Wn-∂v. C∂n-

t∏mƒ IY-I-fn-bp-an-√. Rß-fpsS {Kmaw Adn-b-

s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-X-s∂. “IY-I-fn -{Kmaw” F∂m-Wv.

F∂n´pw F¥mtWm Ct∏mƒ IY-I-fn-{Km-a-

Ønse t£{X-Øn¬t]mepw D’-h-Øn\v IY-

Ifn C√m-ØXv ? F\n-°n-sXmcp Ipd-hmbn

tXm∂m-dp-≠v. tImhnUv ˛ 19 XpS-ßp-∂-Xp-hsc

shfp-∏n\v \S-°m≥ t]mIp-tºmƒ Xncp-h√ {ioh-

√-`-t£{X \S-bn¬ \S-°p∂ IY-Ifn Aev]-k-

abw ImWm-d-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tImhnUv ˛19 AXpw

apS-°n.

_m√y-Imew apX¬ I≠pw, ]cn-k-c-ß-fn¬

HmSn-°-fn®v \S∂pw D≈n¬ Hc-Sp∏w D≠m-bn-́ p≈

as‰mcp t£{X-hp-ap -≠v Rß-fpsS \mń¬.

Cugh kapZmbØns‚ hI-bm-Wv. Rm≥ ]Tn®

kvIpfns‚ ap‰-ØmWv t£{Xw, AtXm t£{X-

40

Øns‚ ap‰Øv kvIqtfm, FXmWv icn -

sb∂dnbn-√m-bn-cp∂p A∂v. Cu t£{X-Øns‚

D≈n-emWv Iq´p-I-mscmØv Ib-dn-bn-́ p-≈-Xv. A∂v

sshZypXn shfn-®-an -√mØ Imeambn-cp∂p.

F¶nepw Iq´p-Im-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Ib-dn.

t£{X-°p-f-Øn¬ Imev Igp-Ip-∂Xv km[m-

c-W-am-bn-cp∂p, AsXmcp kt¥m-j-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Ct∏mgpw Cu t£{X-ß-fpsS kao-]-Øp-IqSn

bm{X-sN-øp-∂-Xp-Xs∂ Krlm-Xp-c-X-tbmsSbmWv.

Hcp {]bmkw am{Xw, c≠v t£{X-ßfpw henb

aXn¬sIń Ihm-Shpw h®v AS-®n-cn-°p-∂p. {]th-

i\w XS-bp-Itbm ]cn-an -X-s∏-Sp -Øp-Itbm

sNbvXn -cn -°p -∂p. aXn¬ F∂m¬ ‘aXn’‘CXnse’ Fs∂mcp hne-°m-Wv. B aXn-ep-Iƒ

Fs‚ _m√y-Ime ImgvN-I-sf kt¥m-jsØ

XS-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Fs‚ _m√y-Ime \√ A\p-

`-h-ßƒ C∂sØ Xe-ap-d-bnse Ipń-Iƒ°v XS-

b -s∏-ń -c n -°p -∂p. hmXn¬ F∂m¬ ‘hm’‘CXnse’. hmXn-ep-Iƒ Ign-bp-∂{X Xpd-°p-I-

bs√ th≠-Xv.

{InkvXp-a v Hcp hmXn¬ Xpd-∏t√? a\p-

jy-s\-Xn-cmbn AS-bv°-s∏´ kz¿§-hm-Xn¬

ssZhw a\p-jy-\mbn ]nd∂v h∂v Xpd-∂-Xns‚

kZvh¿Øbt√ ? AXm-bn-cp-∂nt√ k¿Δ-P-\-Øn-

\p-ap≈ kZvhm¿Ø CXt√ amem-J-am¿ tLmjn-

®-Xv. CX-dn-bn-°m-\t√ tbip-tZ-h≥ injy-∑m-

tcmSv ]d-™-Xv. Cu kZvhm¿Ø Adn-bn-°m-

\p≈h≥ aXn¬ sIń-b-S-bv°-cpXv, hmXn¬ Xpd-

°p -Itb BIm-hq. Cu kZvhm¿Øbt√

Ign™ amkw {InkvXp-a- n¬ \mw Hm¿Ø-Xv.

Fs¥¥v \√ Hm¿Ω-Iƒ.

hfsc {]Xo -£-tbmsS Gsd XymKw

kln®v t\Sn-sb-SpØ P\m-[n-]Xy `cWw Ggv

]Xn-‰m≠v Ign-™-t∏m-tg°pw Imcy-ßƒ Xe-

Io-gm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kaq-l-Øn¬ ImX-emb am‰-

ßƒ kw`-hn-®n-cn-°p∂p; \∑-bn-te-°-√. kap-Zm-

bßfpw aX-ßfpw F∂ th¿Xn-cnhv a\p-jys‚

a\- n-te°v k∂n-th-in-∏n-°-s∏-́ n-cn-°p-∂p. ]mT-

]p-kvX-I-ß-fn-eq-sS-t∏mepw AXv \S-°p-∂p.

kulr-Z-Øn¬ Ign-™n-cp-∂-h¿ C∂v ]c-kv]cw

kwi-b-tØmsS ho£n-°p-∂p. hn`m-Kn-bX hf-

cp-∂p, hf¿Øp-∂p. ̀ n∂X hf¿Øp-∂-Xn¬ “D]-

cn-]-T\w \S-Øn-b-h¿” \mń¬ Akz-ÿX

krjvSn-°p-∂p. Ah≥ t\Xm-°-∑m-cm-Ip-∂p.

Fs‚ CS-hI ]≈n-bpsS ]cn-k-c-ß-fnepw

]≈n-bnepw t]mse Rm≥ Ibdn Cdßn \S-∂n-

cp∂ t£{X ]cn-k-c-ßƒ sIń-b-S-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv

ImWp-tºmƒ Fs‚ lrZbw thZ-\n-°m-dp-≠v.

t£{X-ß-fp-sSbpw ]≈n-I-fp-sSbpw aXn-ep-Ifpw

AS™ Ihm-S-ßfpw ImWp-∂Xv lrZ-b-th-Z-\-

bm-Wv. AS™ lrZ-b-Øns‚ DS-a-Iƒ aX-ß-

fpsS t\Xr-Xz-ß-fn-se-Øn-b-Xns‚ AS-bm-f-at√

Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ß-fp-sSbpw aX-tI-{μ-ß-fp-sSbpw

aXn-ep-Ifpw AS™ Ihm-S-ßfpw ? kz¿§-I-hmSw

kIe a\p-jy¿°p-ambn Xpd-°m≥ a\p-jym-\mbn

]nd∂ ssZh-]p-{Xs‚ Xncp-P-\-\mNcWw Ign-

™-t∏mƒ C{]-Imcw \a-s°m∂p [ym\n-°mw.

Nne \√ Xocp-am-\-ßƒ FSp-°mw. \ΩpsS \mSv

ssZh-Øns‚ \mSm-°mw.; aXn-ep-I-fn -√mØ

AS™ Ihm-S-ß-fn-√mØ lrZ-b-ap-≈-h-cpsS

\mSv. A\p-Kr-loX ]pXp-h-’cw kI-e¿°pw

t\cp-∂p.

Hcp hnizm-kn

41

dh. ^m.jo≥ ]me°pgn

Hmkvt{Senb≥ FgpØpImc\mb

tamdnkv shÃns‚, 1963-̨ ¬ ]pdØndßnb, temI

{]kn≤amb t\mhemWv “The Shoes of the Fisher-man.” ]pdØndßn Gsd\mƒ C‚¿\mjW¬

s_Ãv sk√dmbncp∂ Cu t\mh¬ CXphsc

GXm≠v 12 aney≥ tIm∏nIƒ hn‰gn™n´p≠v.

ItØmen°m k`bpw t]∏knbpw {][m\

]›mØeambn hcp∂ Cu t\mh¬ 1968 ¬

AtX t]cn¬ Xs∂ kn\nabmbpw ]pdØndßn.

t\mhens‚ D≈S°w Npcp°n∏dbmw. c≠mw

temIalmbp≤ImeØv tkmhnb‰v bqWnb

\nse Hcp ItØmen°m ]ptcmlnX\mbncp∂p

Indn¬ et°m´. bp≤w Ign™t∏mƒ At±lw

cq]Xbnse _nj∏mbn sXcs™Sp°s∏´p.

F∂m¬ aX a¿±Icmbncp∂ IayqWnÃv

`cWm[nImcnIƒ At±lsØ Xpd¶neS®p.

ssk_ocnbbnse XShdbn¬ At±lw

\cIbmX\ A\p`hn®Xv H∂pw c≠pa√ \o≠

]Xnt\gp h¿jßfmWv. AXn\ptijw Pbn¬

tamNnX\mb At±lsØ am¿∏m∏ tdmante°p

hnfn∏n®p. hfscs∏´∂p Xs∂ At±lw Hcp

I¿±n\mfmbn sXcs™Sp°s∏SpIbpw sNbvXp.

At±lsØ I¿±n\mfmbn \nban® tijw

GXm\pw Znhkßƒ Ignbptºmƒ hfsc

A{]Xo£nXambn am¿∏m∏ acWs∏SpIbmWv.

]pXnb ]m∏msb sXcs™Sp°m\p≈

I¿±n\mƒamcpsS ktΩf\amb tIm¨t¢hv

DS≥ Xs∂ IqSpIbpw ]pXnb ]m∏msb

sXcs™Sp°pIbpw sNbvXp. F∂m¬ B

sXcs™Sp∏n\v Hcp {]tXyIX D≠mbncp∂p.

ItØmen°m k`bnse ]Xnhn\p hncp≤ambn,

Ncn{XØnemZyambn C‰en°p ]pdØp \n∂pw

Hcp I¿Zn\mƒ ]pXnb ]m∏mbmbn sXc

s™Sp°s∏´ncn°p∂p. AXv a‰pambncp∂n√;

djybn¬ \n∂p≈ I¿±n\mƒ Indn¬ et°m´!

c≠mw temI almbp≤w Ign™v k¶o¿Æamb

Hcp kmaqlnI ]›mØeØn¬ k` Ht´sd

{]Xnk‘nIƒ t\cnSp∂ L´ØnemWv Indn¬

et°m´ ItØmen°m k`bpsS ]cam≤y£

\mhp∂Xv. k`bv°p≈n¬ \n∂pw ]pdØp \n∂pw

At±lØn\v t\cntS≠n h∂ sh√phnfnIfpw

At±lØns‚ BflkwL¿jßfpamWv

t\mhens‚ CXnhrØw.

{]hN\ kz`mhap≈ Cu t\mhen\v

ItØmen°m k`bpsS ]n¬°me Ncn{Xhpambn

AXnibn∏n°p∂ Nne kmayßfp≠v;

{]tXyIn®v t\mh¬ ]pdØndßn 15 h¿j

ßƒ°p tijw NpaXetb‰ tPm¨ t]mƒ

c≠ma≥ ]m∏mbpsS PohnXhpambn. Cu t\mh¬

Bcw`n°p∂Xv Hcp am¿∏m∏bpsS acWtØmSp

IqSnbmWv. t\mhense IYm\mbI\mb Indn¬

et°m´sb I¿±n\mfmbn \nban® ]m∏m Imew

^o®¿

42

sNbvXp. Ncn{XØn¬ Cu t\mh¬ ]pdØnd

ßnb AtX Znhkw, 1963 Pq¨ aq∂n\v, c≠mw

hØn°m≥ Iu¨kn¬ \S∂psIm≠ncnt°

tPm¨ Ccp]Ønaq∂ma≥ am¿∏m∏ Imew sNbv-

Xp. t\mhens‚ XpS°Øn¬ ]cma¿in°p∂

]m∏mbpsS acWw hfsc A{]Xo£nXamb

H∂mbncp∂p. AXpt]mse Ncn{XØn¬ tPm¨

23 a\p tijw sXcs™Sp°s∏´ t]mƒ

Bdma≥ am¿∏m∏bpw tPm¨ t]mƒ H∂ma≥

am¿∏m∏bpw A{]Xo£nXambn Htc h¿jw,

1978˛¬ GXm\pw ZnhkßfpsS hyXymkØn¬

acWs∏´p. tPm¨ t]mƒ H∂ma≥ ]m∏m

NpaXetb‰v shdpw 33 Znhkßƒ°p tijw

acWs∏SpIbmbncp∂p.

t\mhen¬ ]m∏mbpsS s]´∂p≈ acW

tijw ]pXnb ]m∏mbmbn sXcs™Sp°

s∏Sp∂Xv C‰en°p ]pdØp \n∂p≈ Hcp

I¿±n\mfmWv. AXv djy°mc\mb Indn¬

et°m´bmWv. C‰en°p ]pdØp \ns∂mcmƒ

am¿∏m∏bmIp∂Xv ItØmen°m k`bpsS

Ncn{XØnse AXy]q¿hamb Hcp kw`hamWv.

Ncn{XØnepw AXp Xs∂ Bh¿Øn®p. 1978˛¬

c≠p am¿∏m∏mamcpsS s]´∂p≈ acWØn\p

tijw ]m∏mbmbn sXcs™Sp°s∏´ tPm¨

t]mƒ c≠ma≥ C‰en°mc\mbncp∂n√,

t]mf pImc\mbncp∂p. k`mNcn{XØnse \o≠

455 h¿jßƒ°p tijw ItØmen°m

k`bpsS AacØv C‰en°mc\√mØ Hcp

am¿∏m∏ Ahtcm[n°s∏´p. t\mhense Indn¬

et°m´bpw ]n¬°me Ncn{XØnse t]m∏v

tPm¨t]mƒ c≠ma\pw XΩnepff kam\X

ChnsS Bcw`n°p∂p.

Cu c≠v am¿∏m∏amcpsS t]cpIƒ

XΩnepap≠v kmayw. t\mhense ]pXnb

]m∏mbpsS t]cv Indn¬ F∂mWv˛ Indn¬

et°m´! Ncn{XØn¬ tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠mas‚

bYm¿∞ t]cv Itcmƒ F∂mWv˛ Itcmƒ

tPmk^v thmbv‰nh! as‰mcp IuXpIIcamb

kam\X t\mhense Indn¬ et°m´bpw

Ncn{XØnse Itcmƒ thmbv‰nhbpw IΩyqWnÃv

cm{„ßfn¬ \n∂p≈hcmWv. Indn¬ et°m´

IΩyqWnÃv djybn¬ \n∂pw Itcmƒ thmbv‰nh

IΩyqWnÃv t]mf≠n¬ \n∂pamWv. Cu c≠p

]m∏mamcpw PohnXØns‚ ]cp]cpØ bmYm¿

∞yßtfmSp [ocambn s]mcpXn Db¿∂p

h∂hcmWv. t\mhense Indn¬ et°m´ aX

a¿±IcpsS {Iqc ]oV\Øn\ncbmbn ]Xnt\gp

sIm√w ssk_ocnbbnse XShdbn¬ \cI

bmX\ A\p`hn® BfmWv.

tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠ma≥ ]m∏ AXnt\°mƒ

thZ\IfneqsS IS∂p h∂bmfmWv. At±lw

P\n°pw aptº BsIbp≠mbncp∂ Hcp

ktlmZcn acWs∏´p. HºXmw hb n¬ AΩ

acn®p. At±lØn\v ]{¥≠p hb pt∏mƒ GI

ktlmZc\pw 21 hb p {]mbap≈t∏mƒ

]nXmhpw acWs∏´p. Ccp]Ønsbm∂mw

hb n¬ Xo¿Øpw A\mY\mb Itcmƒ

thmbv‰nh A∂∂sØ A∂Øn\mbn ]md

aSbnepw Peip≤oIcW imebnepsams°

sXmgnemfnbmbn F√papdnsb ]WnsbSpØp.

c≠mw temI almbp≤w sImSpºncns°m≠

hdpXnbpsS \mfpIfn¬ Xs‚ Poh≥ t]mepw

XrWhZvKWn®v clkyambn skan\mcnbn¬

tN¿∂p ]Tn®p. ]e XhW \mkn∏SbpsS

tXm°n≥ ap\bn¬s∏s´¶nepw hensbmcp

\ntbmKØn\p th≠n ssZhw AtZlØns‚

Pohs\ ImØph®p. sshZnI\mhp∂Xn\pw

c≠p h¿jw apºv hensbmcp {S°]ISsØ

At±lw AXnPohn®p. am¿∏m∏bmb tijhpw

Zpc¥ßƒ At±lsØ ssIhn´n√. 1981˛¬

aplΩZv Aen AKvIm F∂ sImebmfn

At±lsØ shSnh®p hogvØn. aq∂p _p≈

‰pIƒ At±lØns‚ icocw Xpf®p Ibdn

sb¶nepw At±lw acWØn\p IogSßnbn√.

PohnXØnte°pw ip{iqjbnte°pw Xncn®p

h∂ At±lw ]m¿°n≥k¨kv tcmKØm¬

Gsd thZ\ kln®mWv 2005˛¬ Xs‚ PohnXw

]q¿Ønbm°nbXv. kl\ßfpsS cmPIpamc≥

amcmbncp∂p t\mhensebpw Ncn{XØntebpw

]pXnb am¿∏m∏am¿.

43

AhnSw sIm≠pw Xocp∂n√. am¿∏m∏bmb

tijw c≠p ]m∏mam¿°pw A`napJoIcnt°≠n

h∂ {]Xnk‘nIƒ°pap≠v kam\X. t\mh

ense ]m∏bmb Indn¬ et°m´bv°v t\cntS≠n

h∂ Hcp {]Xnk‘nbp≠v. H∂pIn¬ bmYmÿn

XnI\mbn k`sb \bn®v Np‰pap≈hcpsS IøSn

t\Sn, Hcp sh√phnfnbpw Gs‰Sp°msX, amdnb

temIØv k`sb A{]k‡amb coXnbn¬

\bn°pI. As√¶n¬ c≠mw temI almbp≤

Øns‚ sISpXnIƒ°ncbmb ]mhs∏´

P\ßfnte°ndßns®∂v Imem\pkrXamb

coXnbn¬ k`sb \bn®v bmYmÿnXnIcpsS

FXn¿∏p kºmZn°pI! Cu c≠p sshcp≤y

ßƒ°nSbnep≈ BflkwL¿jambncp∂p

At±lØns‚ PohnXw. tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠ma≥

]m∏bv°pw AØcsamcp sshcp≤ysØ

t\cntS≠n h∂n´p≠v. 1962˛¬ ktΩfn® c≠mw

hØn°m≥ Iu¨kn¬ ItØmen°m k`bpsS

ssienIsf s]mfns®gpXn Imem\pkrXam

°m\p≈ Hcp ]cn{iaambncp∂p. k`bpsS

ssZhimkv{X kao]\ßfn¬ henb am‰ßƒ

hcpØnb Hcp ktΩf\ambncp∂p AXv.

k`bpsS hmXmb\ßƒ temIØn\p ap∂n¬

ae¿s° Xpd∂n´ Hcp Ncn{X kw`hambncp∂p

AXv. Cu Iu¨kn¬ apt∂m´p h® ]ptcmK

a\mibßsf Dƒs°m≈m≥ k`bpsS a\ p

]mIs∏SpØpI F∂ {iaIcamb Hcp ZuXy

ambncp∂p At±lsØ ImØncp∂Xv. bmYm

ÿnXnI¿°pw ]ptcmKa\hmZnIƒ°pw CSbn¬

]mew ]WnX Hcp s]m¥nsÎ-vkmbncp∂p

tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠ma≥ ]m∏m. At\Iw Nm{InI

teJ\ßfneqsS At±lw P\ßsf \nc¥cw

]Tn∏n®p. c≠mw temIalmbp≤Øn\p tijw

C\nsbmcp bp≤ap≠mhcpsX∂ Blzm\

hpambn kam[m\Øns‚ B sh≈cn{]mhv

`qansb hán´p ]d∂p. GXm≠v 135 Hmfw

cmPyßƒ At±lw kμ¿in®p. At±lw

k©cn® Zqcw IW°m°nbm¬ Ccp]Ønsb´p

XhWsb¶nepw Cu `qansb hew hbv°p∂

Zqcap≠Xv. Dcp°pap„n°mcmbncp∂ tKm¿

_t®hpw ^nU¬ Imkvt{Smbpsams°

D]-ImckvacW

Hcp hnizmkn

At±lØns‚ Blzm\ßƒ°p ap∂n¬

Ip™mń≥ IpńIsft∏mse sacpßn. Bgamb

ssZh hnizmkhpw D≈n¬ kvt\lhpw Np≠n¬

]p©ncnbpambn \mSyßfn√mØ B a\pjy≥

G‰hpw {]k‡\mb Hcp temI t\Xmhmbn amdn.

CgIodn ]cntim[n®m¬ CXpt]mse H´t\Iw

kam\XIƒ C\nbpw Is≠Øm\p≠v.

History anticipated in literature F∂p

thWsa¶n¬ \ap°nXns\ hntijn∏n°mw.

AXmbXv Ncn{Xw˛ ImeØns‚ ]q¿ÆXbn¬

]nd°pw aptº kmlnXyØn¬ kzbw

]cnNbs∏SpØnbncn°p∂p. The Shoes of the Fish-erman Dw tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠ma≥ ]m∏mbpw

Ncn{XØnse IuXpIßfmbn \sΩ hnkva

bn∏n®p sImt≠bncn°p∂p. Hcp Imcyw IqSn!

P]ame amkamb HtŒm_dn¬ temIw I≠

G‰hpw henb acnb`‡cn¬ Hcmfmb tPm¨

t]mƒ c≠mas\ Hm¿Ωn°p∂Xv F¥psIm≠pw

\√XmWv. 1978 HtŒm_¿ 16 \mWv At±lw

]m∏mbmbn sXcs™Sp°s∏´Xv . 2005

HtŒm_¿ 22 \mWv hnip≤\mb At±lØns‚

Xncp\mƒ k` BtLmjn°p∂Xv.

44

ssZhsØ Is≠-Øphm\pw Ah-\n¬ Bg-s∏-Sphm\pw

Ahs‚ A¤p-X-I-c-amb CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ A\p-Zn\ Pohn-X-Øn¬

A\p-`-hn-°p-hm\pw klm-bn-°p∂ ap∏Øn-b©v hnNn-¥-\-ß-fpsS

kam-lm-cw, AXmWv sNdn -bm≥ Xmg-a¨ A®s‚ ]pXnb

]pkvXIw ‘tImdlv ZmØm≥ A_o-dmw’. hnhn[ kμ¿`-ß-fnepw

hyXykvX kml-N-cy-ß-fnepw hmb-\-bn-eq-sSbpw {ih-W-Øn-eq-

sSbpw a\-\-Øn-eq-sSbpw cq]-s∏´ Nn-¥-Iƒ A£-c-cq-]-Øn¬ Ah-

X-cn-®-XmWv Cu {KŸw.

D≈n-ep≈ ssZhsØ ImWm\pw A\p-Zn\ Pohn-X-Ønse

Ahs‚ A¤p-X-I-c-amb CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ Xncn-®-dn-bm\pw ]q¿Æ-X-

bn-te°v hf-cm\pw klm-bn-°p-sa∂p Icp-Xp∂ Iqsd hnNn-¥-\-

ßƒ. AKm-[hpw {]mtbm-Kn-I-hp-amb Nn¥-Iƒ sIm≠v \nd-™n-cn-

°p∂ Hmtcm teJ-\hpw Hmtcm Nn¥m-cXv\w Xs∂-bm-Wv.

Pohn-X-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ ssZhnI ImgvN-∏m-Sn\v [ym\-a-\-\-ßƒ

sIm≠v cq]w sImSp-°p-hm≥ Ign-™n-´p-≈-h¿°p am{Xta C{X

Bbm-k-c-ln-X-ambn Pohn-Xm-tbm-[\ cl-ky-ßƒ k¿§m-fl-I-X-

tbmsS ssIImcyw sNøm-\m-Iq.

lrZy-amb kulr-Z-Øns‚ NqSpw ssNX-\yhpw A\p-`-h-th-

Zy-am-°phm≥ DX-Ip∂ i‡-amb `mj. GXv {]mb-Ønepw {]mtZ-

inI ̀ qan-I-bnepw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-h¿°pw kzoIm-cy-amb inev]-̀ w-Kn. \√

hmb-\-bpsS A\p-{Klw {]Zm\w sNøp∂ ]pkvX-Iw. Hmtcm-te-J-

\hpw hmb-\-°m-c\v Bflo-bm-\p-`-h-ßfpw t_m[y-ßfpw \evIp-

sa-∂p-d-∏v.

{KŸ\ncq]Ww

tImdlv ZmØm≥ A_odmw

{]km-[-I¿

a≤y-ÿ≥ _p°vkv, Nß-\m-t»cn

hnX-cWw

sk‚ v tPmk^v Hm¿^-tWPv _p°v Ãmƒ, Nß-\m-t»cn

t]Pv 174. hne. 195/˛

45

]IpXnbnepw adp]IpXnbn¬ IrXyamb \n¿h

lWhpw t\XrXzw Bhiys∏Sp ∂p≠v.

AXpsIm≠mWv ImgvN∏mSpItfbpw Z¿i\ß

sfbpw bmYm¿∞yam°nØo¿°emWv t\XrXzw

F∂v hnh£n°p∂Xv. BibXesØ A\p`h

Xeßfn¬ {]mtbmKnIambn FØn°m\mIWw.

a‰p≈hsc kzm[o\n°m\p≈ IgnhmWv

t\XrXzØns‚ ssh`hsa∂v'' Phl¿em¬

s\lvdp ]d™n´p≠v . I≠pap´p∂ Hmtcmcp

ØcptSbpw t]cv Hm¿Øncn°m\pw t]cv sNm√n

hnfn°m\pw Ign™m¬ hfsc \√Xv. \nXm¥

kzm[o\w sNepØm≥ IgnbpIsb∂Xv t\Xr

XzØn¬ \n¿WmbIamWv. t\XrXzw Hcp

IebmWv. hy‡n_‘ßsf hyXykvXXtbmsS

BI¿jn®p IqsS \n¿Øm≥ Ignbp∂ Ie.

Npcp°Øn¬ Hcp s]mXpe£yØns‚ {]m]vXn

°mbn Xs‚ kl{]h¿ØIcpsSbpw A\pbm

bnIfpsSbpw kvt\lhpw klIcWhpw

hnizmkhpw hnt[bXzhpw BZchpam¿Pn®v

Ahcn¬ kzm[o\w sNepØn \nb{¥n®v

\bn°m≥ IgnbpIsb∂XmWv t\XrXzw.

t\XrXzw Hcp ]Zhnb√; {]h¿Ø\

amWv'' F∂v \n¿hNn®Xv sUmWmƒUv F®v

aKv\≥ F∂ Nn¥I\mWv. sXcs™Sp∏p

thfbn¬ Cu Nn¥°v {]k‡nbp≠v. hnhn[

cm{„obI£nIfp sSbpw {]ÿm\ßfpsSbpw

t]cnepw kzX{¥cmbpw a’cn°p∂hcp≠v.

_lpam\n°s∏Sp∂ ]ZnhnIfn¬ FØnt®cm

\p≈ B{Klw \√XpXs∂. ]t£, t\Xm

°fmbn sXcs™Sp°s∏Sm\m{K ln°p∂h¿

F¥mWv t\XrXzsa∂pw t\Xmhv Bcmbncn

°Wsa∂pap≈ Aht_m[w Dƒs°mt≈≠

Xp≠v. ÿm\t∏cpIƒ°∏pdw hfcmØh¿

ÿm\w Hgnbptºmƒ A{]k‡cmIpw .

]ZhnIfpsS DuSpw ]mhpw XmXvImenIw

am{XamWv. Hcp ÿm\Øns‚ hen∏tØ°mƒ

B ÿm\Øncn°p∂hcpsS kz`mhalnabpw

{]h¿Ø\Ø\nabpamWv BfpIsf BI¿jn

°p∂Xv. Aßs\bp≈h¿ ÿm\w Hgn™mepw

P\lrZbßfn¬ ambmØ ap{Z ]Xn∏n°pw.

]ZhnIƒ \¬Ip∂ BZcw s]mcpam‰®´ß

fpsS t]cnepw hy‡nIƒ°p e`n°p∂ BZcw

{]h¿Ø\ sshin„yØns‚ t]cnep

ambncn°pw.

kwLSn∏n°p∂Xn\pw \nb{¥n°p∂Xn\pw

\n¿hln°p∂Xn\pw \bn°p∂Xn\pw {]tNmZn∏n

°p∂Xn\pw kzm[o\n°p∂Xn\pap≈ ss\

k¿KoItam B¿PnXtam Bb IgnhmWv

t\XrXzw. ho£Wßfpw Z¿i\ßfpw Hcp

AUz. Nm¿fn t]mƒ

ImenIw

46

hgn AdnbpIbpw hgn ImWn®psImSp

°pIbpw B hgnbneqsS \S°pIbpw sNøp∂

hy‡nbmIWw t\Xmhv. kzbw AdnbpIbpw

sa®s∏SpØpIbpw thWw. DØchmZnXzhpw

NpaXebpw ]nghpIƒ IqSmsX \n¿hln°m

\mIWw. P\ßfpambn \nc¥c kº¿°w,

Bibhn\nabw, Ipiemt\z jWw F∂nh

\SØWw. P\ßfpsS {]iv\ßfn¬ Ahtcm

sSm∏w \n∂v {]iv\]cnlmcw Is≠ØWw.

\njv]£XtbmsS {]h¿Øn°Ww. bmsXmcp

hn[ hnthN\hpw ]mSn√. CsX√mw t\XrXz

Øns‚ KpWkhntijXbmWv. kzbw hnebn

cpØn, XncptØ≠nSØv XncpØnbmIWw

apt∂td≠Xv.

kz`mhalnatbmsSm∏w {]m]vXnbpw

Imcy£aXbpw {][m\amWv. Imcy-£aX Nne

KpWßfpsS ka\zbamWv. Np‰pap≈ Imcyßƒ

kq£vaXtbmsS AdnbpI, hnebncpØpI,

hkvXpXIfpsS hniZmwißfn¬ {i≤

]XnbpI, `mh\mi‡nbp≠mhpI, ambmØ

Hm¿ai‡n ssIhcn°pI, £WØn¬

Xocpam\saSp°m\pw AXv \S∏nem°m\pw

IgnbpI. Chsb√mw tNcp∂XmWv Imcy£aX.

Ch kzmbØam°Ww. \nkzm¿∞X, kXy

k‘X, A¿∏Wt_m[w, kZmNmcXo£vWX,

\oXnt_m[w, \njv]£X, hy‡nkzmX{¥yw,

Bflm¿∞X F∂nh {]hrØnIfn¬ D≠m

IWw. hm°nt\°mƒ {][m\w {]hrØnbm

sW∂v ad°cpXv.

aZyw, ab°pacp∂v , Akm∑m¿KnI

{]hrØnIƒ, kmºØnI Ip‰IrXyßƒ,

AgnaXn, kzP\ ]£]mXw, {Inan\¬

tIkpIƒ F∂nhsb√mw t\Xm°fpsS hnizm

kyX°pw ta∑°pw If¶amIpw. P\ßfn¬

\n∂v AI‰pw. t\Xmhv amXrIbmIWw. Nne

aqeyZ¿i\ßfpw [m¿anIXbpw t\Xmhn\v

apX¬°q´mbn Ft∏mgpw D≠mIWw. s]mXp

PohnXw Hcp Xpd∂ ]pkvXIw t]mse BIWw.

s]mXpP\ t£aamIWw apJy AP≠.

hy‡n]camb XmXv]cyßtfm C„m\n„ßtfm

Xs‚ s]mXp {]h¿Ø\ Øn¬ kzm[o\w

sNepØm≥ A\phZn°cpXv. Hcmƒ°pw tNmZyw

sNøm≥ BImØhn[Ønembncn °Ww

t\Xmhv s]cpamtd≠Xv. Km‘nPn ]d™ph®

Fgv Xn∑Iƒ ChnsS {]k‡amWv.(1) tPmen

sNømsXbp≈ kºmZ\w, (2) a\: m£n

bn√mØ kpJw, (3) kz`mhip≤nbn√mØ

Adnhv, (4) [m¿anIX C√mØ I®hSw, (5)

a\pjyXzan√mØ imkv{Xw, (6) lrZbw Db¿

ØmsXbp≈ {]m¿∞\, (7) XXzZo£bn√mØ

cm{„obw. Cu Ggv Xes∏´ tZmjßfn¬ \n∂pw

t\Xmhv ap‡\mIWw. B¿{ZXbm¬ Pzen°p∂

kt\ltØmSpw tkh\tØmSpwIqsS PohnXw

Xs∂ ktμiam°n apt∂dnbm¬ F∂pw

kvacn°s∏Spw; hnPbnbmIpw.

Hcp hnizm-kn

47

48

kahalam decemberr 2020 pages...4 c£m-[n-imcn tamdm≥ tam¿ _tk-en-tbmkv i¿±n-\mƒ ¢oankv...

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