JWST Science Operations from the perspective of a

GO/GTO

Alex Fullerton*

Webb Instrument Team

TIPS/JIM20 March 2008

* who ripped off some of the slides from Jeff Valenti

Ground Segment Operations

ProposalSelection

Sci DataArchive

FSW & ScriptMaintenance

CalibrationProposals

Eng DataArchive

Eng DataTrending

GrantsManagement

FSW & ScriptMaintenance

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

CalibrationRef. Data

Solicitation

Phase 1

Phase 2Acceptance Constraints

Phase 1Solicitation

Status

Astronomers

FSW & ScriptLoads

FSW & ScriptDumps

Notification

Grant

Grant

NotificationScience Data

JPL Deep SpaceNetwork

JWST

OrbitDetermination

EngineeringProposals

Long RangePlanning

OrbitMaintenance

Science Operations

Flight OperationsWavefrontMonitoring

Sci DataCalibration

Obs. PlanGeneration

Short TermScheduling

WavefrontControl

Ka-Band

S-Band

Phase 2Preparation

Real-TimeOperations

• Command & Data Uplink

• Recorded Data Downlink

• Health & Safety Monitoring

• Clock Correlation

• Ranging

• Simulator Operations

MissionScheduling

DSNScheduling

What Does a GO/GTO Care About?1) Writing Proposals and Planning Programs

• Integrated Proposal Planning Tool• Documentation

2) Analyzing Data• “Pipeline Processed”; on-the-fly recal (+

ability to tinker?)• Long-term, stable but refreshed data

archive(s)• Meta-data and documentation

n Writing Papers

n Funding

n Schedules

PERFORMING INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

What Do We Care About?1) Writing Proposals and Planning Programs

• Integrated Proposal Planning Tool• Documentation

2) Analyzing Data• “Pipeline Processed”; on-the-fly recal (+

ability to tinker?)• Long-term, stable but refreshed data archive(s)• Meta-data and documentation

n Writing Papers

n Funding

n Schedules

ENABLING INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Proposals and Obs Planning

Peer ReviewOf ScienceProposals(~1400)

GrantProcessBegins

STScI Director Review

& Approval

Preparing Science Proposal for Science Review

Proposer

PI Gets Time on the Observatory

YEAH!

PI uses ETCTo Prepare

ObservationsFor Flight

PI uses APTTo Prepare

ScienceProposal

APT used to Develop

Sci/Cal/EngProgram

GO Proposals Cycle Boundary

DD Proposals Anytime

Long RangePlanning

Short TermScheduling

Planning & Scheduling the Observations ProposerSTScI Staff

GO/Calib/Eng Programs

GO Programs

Programs Change During the Cycle

PI uses ETCTo Determine

Amount of Time Needed

Guide StarsProposal

ConstraintGenerator

The [???] Tool

APT: Astronomer’s Proposal Tool APT: Advanced Planning Tool PPT: Proposal Planning Tool PDT: Proposal Definition Tool IPT: Integrated Planning Tool

The [TBN] Tool (T3)

Exposure time calculators Proposal editor Target visualization Overhead calculator Schedulability tool (field of regard, guide stars, …)

Mosaic planner Microshutter Array (MSA) planning tool for MOS

The MIRI Imaging Template(K. Gordon & S. Friedman)

Input Details Remarks

A. Source Specification: Input via generic form

B. Instrument Configuration:

Detector Specify readout region Choose from menu

Specify readout pattern Choose from menu

Filters Specify filters Choose from menu

For each filter:

Specify NINT (number of ramps)

[per dither step]

C. Observation Implementation:

Dither? [Y/N] If “Y”

Select dither pattern Choose from menu

Mosaic? [Y/N] If “Y”

Specify tiling pattern via generic form

Special Requirements?

If “Y”

Specify via generic form Choose from menu

GUI Input to a Template

Exposure Time CalculatorsETC Interfaces

FGS AcquisitionNIRCam ImagingNIRCam

CoronagraphyNIRSpec

AcquisitionNIRSpec

SpectroscopyMIRI ImagingMIRI SpectroscopyMIRI CoronographyTFI ImagingTFI Coronography

Common infrastructureMo

ck-Up

Visualizer / Mosaic Planner

Schedulability Tool

Examine constraints and their consequences:

• Target visibility window(s)• Field of Regard• Sun/Earth/Moon avoidance

• Availability of Guide Stars

• ORIENTATION

• Special Requirements• Phase-critical windows

Ability to iterate … to explore the consequences of specific observing strategies or choices.

JWST Field of Regard

Visibility Window Durations

Orient Constraints

Overhead Calculator

Total wall-clock time required for an observation:• total integration time• time for SI set-up, mechanism movements• time for dithers • time to tile a mosaic• time to slew to the field initially

Ability to iterate … to explore the consequences of specific observing strategies or choices

Overheads Will Include a Slew Tax

JWST slews slowly Reaction wheels are not that massive Slew 90 degrees in about an hour Slew must stay in field-of-regard

Scheduling constraints impact slew optimization Pointing, orient, and timing constraints Nonuniform target distribution on the sky Links between visits

Proposals and allocations must include overhead JWST is very sensitive (even short exposures yield science)

Measure program cost fairly Include average slew time in overhead estimate Mosaic tiles are separate visits, but slew takes less time

SUMMARY: Writing Proposals / Planning

ObservationsPhase 1: Input via template … specify scheduling details up front! Improves schedulability of approved programs. Ask TAC to treat constraints as a limited resource to be managed.

Phase 2: Tweaking … only if required

For NIRSpec/MOS:Phase 2.5: Finalizing an MSA file once a precursor finder image (e.g., with NIRCam) is available.

Template input flows directly into the PPS with minimal human interaction. Inputs are translated into AD script parameters, which implement activities onboard JWST.

Integrated Planning Tool simplifies and streamlines this process.

It’s easy! It’s fun!

What does a GO/GTO NEED?

TOOLS* TOOLS* TOOLS* TOOLS*

These tools are the interface between a GO/GTOand the complex “under-the-hood” capabilities required to operate JWST and its SIs efficiently.

* An S&OC Law of Self Preservation: When confronted with complex Science Instruments, it's cheaper to provide good tools than to help 1000 observers one-by-one.