june 27-28, 2013 jolly beach resort – antigua & barbuda theme: emerging trends...

1 PROPRIETARY_&_CONFIDENTIAL

3rd Caribbean Water Operators Conference

June 27-28, 2013

Jolly Beach Resort – Antigua & Barbuda

Theme: Emerging Trends in Water and Wastewater Industry

Subject Presentation: Membrane Technology for Wastewater Reuse


Membrane Processes Application Guide

Notes:

• “MCF” = Media and Cartridge Filtration, a commonly used tertiary treatment for WWTP systems, it is not a membrane process but is included in the table for comparative purposes.

• Membrane Bioreactor WWTP systems are a type of Ultra Filtration (UF) membrane specifically designed for use as a treatment for sewage where there are reuse applications.

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Availability of Wastewater Feed Sources

Examples: Industrial process wastewater Food and beverage industry wastewater Produced water (from oil drilling) Manufacturing wastewater Mining wastewater

Most prevalent source of wastewater in Caribbean region Sewage

This presentation focuses primarily on the use of membrane bioreactor systems that typically use UF (Ultra-filtration) membranes for the treatment of sewage water into a reusable product.


Which Technology Should I Use?

The answer depends on the water quality required for the intended reuse application...

Conventional Extended Aeration Wastewater Treatment with Tertiary Treatment; Used when product water quality is not as stringent.

Membranes Based Systems; Used when custom product water or superior quality water is required.


Domestic Wastewater Treatment: Conventional vs. MBR


History of Membrane Bioreactor Systems

1969: Introduced by Dorr-Oliver Company Combined activated sludge bioreactor with early UF and MF cross-flow

membrane filter. This was a side stream process. effective but energy cost too way too high (10kWh/m3) filtration size; .003 to .01 µm!

1989: Kazuo Yamamoto (University of Tokyo) had breakthrough Submerged membrane in bioreactor tank Incorporated the direct use of aeration Much lower energy costs (1kWh/m3)

1999: Numerous companies developing both submerged and side- stream process membrane systems Commercially viable and reliable More sophisticated controls/cleaning methods even lower energy costs (.3 kWh/m3) consistent filtration size .01 µm or less

2013: Capital and operating costs continue to decrease Increase in global MBR use creates economy of scale/lower price Lower manufacturing costs (better methods) More efficient, durable and better designed membranes reduce operating

costs.


Membrane Technology vs. Conventional Water Treatment

Advantages: Greater range of particulate and microbial removal Nutrient removal (N and P); required for many reuse applications

(surface water discharge/protection) Physical plant has more compact footprint Reduction in chemical usage Reduced system complexity; fewer required processes Product water > crystal clear / no odor Consistent high quality product > greater reuse value

Disadvantages: Higher electrical consumption (Generally 1.5x that of conventional

waste treatment) Inadequate pretreatment can cause fouling May have higher capital cost Requires specialized training to operate


MBR Effluent Quality

Element Value Element Value

Bacteria > 99.99% Turbidity < 0.1 NTU

Giardia > 99.99% BOD5 < 2 mg/l

Cryptosporidium > 99.99% TSS < 1 mg/l

Virus > 99.9% NH3-N < 0.5 mg/l

Iron < 0.05 mg/l Total Nitrogen < 3 mg/l

Manganese < 0.02 mg/l Total Phosphorous < .05 mg/l

Arsenic < 0.02 mg/l Fecal Coliform < 2.2 CFU/l00 ml

TOC < 0.02 mg/l SDI15 <2

Note that feed water quality and system design play a large role in determining effluent quality. The following are achievable results with properly designed pre-treatment and post treatment equipment:


Types of Membranes and Configurations:

Hollow Fiber MBR UF Membranes: Look like strands of spaghetti that are hollow pore size 0.03 µm nominal Water flows outside to inside by pressure or vacuum Major Manufacturers: GE, Siemens, Koch, Mitsubishi, DOW Advantages: easily scalable/modular; cheaper than flat sheet;

excellent performance; multiple design options to suit end user.



Flat Sheet MBR UF Membranes: Flat sheets of membrane applied to a panel for support pore size 0.4 µm nominal Water flows through usually by gravity/static head pressure Major Manufacturers: Kubota, Toray, Microdyn-Nadir Advantages: eliminate some pumping requirements, easier to

clean or replace



Multi-Tube Multi-Bore MBR UF Membranes: Individual fibers that have several capillaries within that fiber pore size 0.02 µm nominal Feed water is pumped through the capillaries Major Manufacturers: Berfhorf, Pentair (Norit), Ecofine Advantages: standardized systems; sealed systems


Notable MBR/Membrane Plants

Largest Scale: Brightwater WWTP (Washington, USA) 108,000,000 IGPD for reuse as irrigation/industrial

Direct Reuse for Potable Water (vs. Aquifer recharge): Singapore’s NEWater Namibia, Africa Big Spring, Texas

First MBR plant for water reuse (known to author) in Caribbean:

Point Pleasant Resort October 2001 25,000 IGPD

Today there are numerous MBR plants in the region. e.g.

Anguilla, Antigua, Bahamas, Barbados, Tobago, Turks & Caicos, USVI, used for irrigation/landscaping, regulatory reasons


Case History – Membrane Bioreactor System

Seven Seas Water’s Leeward Development MBR 460 acre Leeward Development/ Resort; Turks & Caicos Islands 50,000 IGPD Plant installed/operated since in 2008 Provides high quality landscape irrigation to resort community at a

cost that is 4X less expensive than the lower than the potable water cost.

Electricity consumption is 2.0 to 3.5 kWh per 1000 gallons at full capacity


The Future

Trends in our World:

Population growth increasing demand for all types of water Increasing awareness/prevention of waterborne diseases Environmental issues Regulatory environment; new legislation and enforcement Result > Demand for new sources of water, higher quality

water.


The Future

Trends in Technology will reduce costs:

Increased use > higher production volume > reduced capital costs

Improved manufacturing techniques > reduced capital costs Manufacturers working towards a more standardized

approach to design versus proprietary (this ultimately drives the cost down and allows ease of installation for end user; promoting a competitive market.

Energy efficiency and reduction continuously improving through process optimizations

Result > Use of lower cost membrane technology will

increase to meet water demands.


COMPANY MERITS

• Management team with a proven track record

• Higher reliability results in lower water costs

• An all-inclusive water solution for the customer

• Water price is guaranteed

• Seven Seas covers all building, operating and maintenance

• Eliminates up-front capital requirements for customer

• Operations team has run 100+ SWRO and wastewater plants

Seven Seas Water Corporation

COMPANY OVERVIEW

• Experts in sea water desalination and waste water treatment

• Serve municipal, industrial, hospitality and power industries

• Finance, design, build, operate plants under long-term contract

• 100% of revenue derived from selling water

Founded: January, 2007

Employees: 100

Headquarters: Tampa, FL

Offices: US, USVI, TCI, Trinidad, St. Maarten, Curacao, Bahamas, Mexico, Chile

COMPANY SNAPSHOT

COMPANY INVESTORS

EXISTING PLANT OPERATIONS

june 27-28, 2013 jolly beach resort – antigua & barbuda theme: emerging trends...

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