journals and repositories: an evolving relationship stephen pinfield university of nottingham

Journals and Repositories:

an Evolving Relationship

Stephen Pinfield

University of Nottingham

Two Routes to OA

OA Repositories OA Journals

Two Routes to OA?

OA Repositories OA Journals

Working Definitions• Repository: ‘A set of systems and services which

facilitates the ingest, storage, management, retrieval, display and reuse of digital objects…’

• Journal: ‘A collection of quality-assured articles, normally within a defined subject area, made available at regular intervals under a single ongoing title…’

• Open Access: ‘… where the full content is freely, immediately and permanently available and can be accessed and reused in an unrestricted way.’

3 Models

1. Repository Journal

2. Journal Repository

3. Repository Overlay Journal

Editor and referees peer-review paper

Author submits final version

Author revises paper

Repository

Publisher copy edits and formats paper

Paper published in journal

Author deposits paper (post-print) in repository

Repository makes paper available

Journal

Repository Journal

Author submits paper to journal

Author writes paper

Author deposits paper (pre-print) in repository


Repository Journal• Described by EA Henneken et al (2007) looking at

arXiv• Repository houses self-archived pre-publication

paper (pre and/or post prints)• Paper submitted to journal and peer-reviewed• Paper formally published in journal• On formal publication, usage switches from

repository to journal• Model allows for continuation of current

publication, dissemination and business models for repositories and journals

Usage: “productive co-existence”

Henneken, Edwin A. et al (2007) ‘E-prints and journal articles in astronomy: a productive co-existence’. Learned Publishing 20 (1), 16-22. E-print at: http://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0609126

Repository

Author writes paper

Author submits papers to OA/hybrid journal





Paper published in journal

Author/publisher deposits paper in repository

Repository processes paper further

Repository manages preservation


Journal

Journal Repository

Journal Repository• Described by R Terry (2005) in relation to UKPMC• Paper submitted to OA/hybrid journal for peer review• Paper formally published in OA/hybrid journal• Payment of OA fee allows re-use/deposit of publisher–

prepared version in repository• Repository ingests article for long-term preservation• Repository sets up article for re-use and analysis,

including mining• Model involves journal as the main vehicle of

publication funded by author-side payments (new business model), plus extended role for repository

UKPMC: Deposits and Usage*• Currently 600,000 hits a month, a fourfold

increase since launch• Currently 60,000 article downloads a month, up

from 20,000 in January 2007• Current content stands at 1.4 million full text

articles; content is increasing by an average of 40,000 articles a month

• UKPMC has seen marked increases in usage and deposit since January, possibly from “ripple effect” of US bill being passed in December 2007

* With thanks to Philip Vaughan

RepositoryJournal

Author writes paper

Author submits papers to OA/hybrid journal





Publisher deposits paper in repository



Publisher links to paper Repository makes paper available (publishes it)

Journal Repository (2)

Journal Repository (2)

• Described by DC Prosser (unpublished)• Submission, peer review and selection take place

under the auspices of journal• Payment of OA fee to publisher• Content stored in repository only; journal links to

repository• Model has journal as initiator of publication but

uses repository as ‘publication venue’, providing links to content

Scholarly Communication: Functions

• Registration

• Certification

• Dissemination

• Archiving

• Reward




HE Roosendaal and PAThM Geurts (1997); DC Prosser (2005)

Repository

Author writes paper

Author deposits paper (pre-print) in repository

Repository makes paper availableOverlay journal selects paper



Publisher copy edits and formats paper?

Publisher/author deposits paper in repository



Repository makes paper availablePublisher links to paper

Journal

Repository Overlay Journal

Repository Overlay Journal

• Described JWT Smith (1997); AP Smith (2000)• Paper deposited in OA repository• Selected and featured in overlay journal• Usually peer-reviewed by overlay journal• Possibly exposed to other quality measures by

the overlay journal• Model involves repository as primary means of

management and dissemination of content but (overlay) journal performs quality-assurance and awareness role

3 Models




Issues

• Changing shape of the ‘journal’– “Deconstructed journal”– Journal as quality stamp– Journal as brand

• Changing shape of the ‘article’– Single article in multiple journals

• Changing shape of ‘publication’– Formal publication and dissemination– Publication process

Issues

• Repository infrastructure development– Repositories (institutional and subject)– Standards and policies– Papers submitted

• Version identification and management– Integrity assurance– Standards– Customer and practice for citations– Version of record

Repository Growth

• Directory of repositories - OpenDOAR– www.opendoar.org – 1157 open access repositories– started registration in 2006 . . .

• 200 added in 2007• . . . and nearly 200 added in first half 2008• 81% are institutional

Repositories by Continent

European Repositories

Repositories in Russell & 1994 Groups

• University of Bath• Birkbeck• University of Birmingham• University of Bristol• University of Cambridge• Cardiff University• University of Durham• University of East Anglia• University of Edinburgh• (University of Essex)• University of Exeter• University of Glasgow• Goldsmiths

• Queen’s University• (University of Reading)• Royal Holloway• University of St Andrews• University of Sheffield• SOAS• University of Southampton• University of Surrey• University of Sussex• University of Warwick• UCL• University of York

• Imperial College• King's College London• Lancaster University• University of Leeds• University of Leicester• University of Liverpool• Loughborough University• LSE• University of Manchester• University of Newcastle• University of Nottingham• University of Oxford• Queen Mary

Issues

• Repository infrastructure development– Repositories (institutional and subject)– Standards and policies– Papers submitted– Other digital objects

• Version identification and management– Integrity assurance– Standards– Customer and practice for citations– Version of record

Issues

• Quality-control/assurance practices– At repository level– Separation of peer review and dissemination

functions– Peer review and editing changes

– Post peer review quality measures/indicators

Issues

• Business and funding models– For the journal– For the repository– Research funders– Institutional funding streams

• Developing value-added features– Search services– Data/text mining– Linking data and publication

Issues

• Content management and preservation– Technical issues– Process issues– Responsibilities

Issues

• Policy frameworks– Funder requirements– Institutional practices– Research quality assessment: REF

• Responsibilities• Cultural issues

Issues: Summary• Changing shape of the ‘journal’• Changing shape of the ‘article’• Changing shape of ‘publication’• Repository infrastructure development• Version identification and management• Quality-control/assurance practices• Business and funding models• Developing value-added features• Content management and preservation• Policy frameworks• Responsibilities• Cultural issues

journals and repositories: an evolving relationship stephen pinfield university of nottingham

Documents

repository author

formats paper paper

oa repository

repository model

arxiv repository

paper editor

ukpmc paper

paper available slide