journal of information science and engineering  ( jise ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

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JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING JISE 24, 1579-1591 (2008) 謝謝謝 1 謝謝謝 2 謝謝謝 2 謝謝謝 2,3 1 謝謝謝謝謝謝 2 謝謝謝謝謝謝 3 謝謝謝謝 謝謝謝 謝謝謝

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A Lossless Image Coder Integrating Predictors and Block-Adaptive Prediction 一種無損圖像編碼器集合化預測因素 與區塊自適應預測. JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  ( JISE ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008) 謝豐陽 1 ,王嘉銘 2 ,李俊傑 2 ,范國清 2,3 1 大華技術學院 2 國立中央大學 3 佛光大學. 報告者:林維達. 目錄. 引言 文獻探討 研究方法 研究結果 結論 摘要. 引言. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  ( JISE )24, 1579-1591 (2008)謝豐陽 1 ,王嘉銘 2 ,李俊傑 2 ,范國清 2,3

1 大華技術學院 2 國立中央大學 3 佛光大學

報告者:林維達

Page 2: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

目錄引言文獻探討研究方法研究結果結論摘要

Page 3: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

引言   Lossless image compression has been an attractive subject being studied for decades due to its importance in many applications. During recent years, many lossless image compression schemes have been proposed based on the combination of the rationale of adaptive prediction and adaptive entropy coding .

   In the next section, we will introduce the three adaptive predictors, MED, GAP, and MMSE, and a comparison is given among the three predictors.

  無損圖像壓縮由於其在許多應用中的重要性一直是這數十年研究裡引人注意的課題。在最近幾年,許多無損圖像壓縮方案基礎上,提出了合併適應預測和適應熵編碼的理念。

  在下一節中,我們將介紹三適應預測, MED 、 GPA 和 MMSE ,並比較三個預測。

Page 4: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

文獻探討

圖 1.P0 相鄰像素之配置

圖 2. 光柵掃描順序

Page 5: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

文獻探討

Page 6: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

文獻探討1.MED (median edge detector)

According to reference , MED predictor tends to choose a (west neighbor) when there is a horizontal edge, and to choose b (north neighbor) when there is a vertical edge.

a=S(P1)b=S(P2)c =S(P3)

根據文獻, MED 預測當有一個水平邊緣時趨向選擇 (西鄰),且有一個垂直邊緣時選擇 B (北鄰)。

Page 7: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

文獻探討2.GAP (Gradient-adjusted prediction)

w = S(P1)n = S(P2)nw = S(P3)ne = S(P4) ww = S(P5)nn = S(P6)nne =S(P9)

which represent the north, west, northeast, northwest, north-north, west-west, and north-northeast neighbors of P0, respectively.

Two gradient functions (vertical and horizontal gradients) can then be estimated by

這分別代表了以 P0 的北,西,東北,西北,北北,西西,北東北。

然後兩個功能梯度可以估算(垂直和水平梯度)

Page 8: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

文獻探討3.MMSE (minimizing the mean square errors)

The purpose of MMSE-based predictors is to find an optimal linear predictor for a fixed number T (we take T= 220 here)

其 MMSE 的基礎預測目的是找到一個最佳線性預測的固定號 T

Page 9: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

文獻探討預測比較

表 1.MED 、 GAP 和 MMSE 一階熵碼比較

Page 10: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

研究方法

圖 3. 區塊自適應預測計劃流程圖

初始化圖像 預測 最佳化

相同

運算辨識

壓縮率

Page 11: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

研究方法

表 2. 每個 σns 和 cns 在環境與價值的值

Page 12: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

研究方法

圖 3. 區塊自適應預測計劃流程圖

初始化圖像 預測 最佳化

相同

運算辨識

壓縮率

Page 13: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

研究結果

圖 4. 測試圖像集( 8 位元灰度)

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研究結果表 3. 比較編碼計畫(bpp)

Page 15: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

研究結果

圖 5. 本實驗與 MRP 殘餘熵碼比較 (a) 飛機 (b) 狒狒 (c) 形狀(d) 氣球

Page 16: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

研究結果表 4. 本實驗與 MRP 初始與最後殘餘熵值比值

表 5. 由原文最後殘餘熵值比較修正新的 U 方案

Page 17: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

結論   In the practical view, the computational complexities of lossless image coders are usually concerned. JPEG-LS and CALIC are typical practical coders, which can compress an image in less than one second. On the other hand, TMW and MRP method are designed for finding the ultimate compression ratio.

  

  在實踐的觀點,通常關心無損圖像編碼器的計算複雜性。 JPEG-LS 和 CALIC 是典型的實際編碼器,它可以在不到一秒鐘壓縮圖像。另一方面, TMW 和 MRP 的方法是專為尋找極限壓縮比。

Page 18: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

結論   The computational complexity of our proposed method is approximate to that of MRP in encoding processes. However, the decoding process of our method is slower than MRP due to the utilization of the MMSE predictor.

   In addition, the initial residual entropy in the encoding process is lower than that of MRP and the initial residual entropy is relatively closer to the final residual entropy than that in MRP.

  我們提出的編碼過程計算方法的複雜認為是近似 MRP 的。然而,解碼過程中我們的方法慢於 MRP 的原因是利用了 MMSE 的預測。

  此外,在初始殘餘熵編碼過程是低於 MRP ,而且與 MRP 相較下,最初的剩餘熵比較接近最終殘餘熵比。

Page 19: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

摘要   This paper proposes a lossless image compression scheme integrating well-known predictors and Minimum Rate Predictor (MRP). Minimum Rate Predictor is considered as one of the most successful method in coding rates for lossless grayscale image compression so far.

   In addition, the residual entropy of the proposed scheme in the first iteration is lower than that of MRP and is relatively closer to the final residual entropy than that in MRP. This phenomenon will allow our proposed scheme to be terminated in less iterations while maintaining a relatively good compression performance.

  本文提出了一種無損圖像壓縮方案結合著名的預測和最小比率預測( MRP )。最小比率預測被認為是一個編碼率灰度圖像無損壓縮至今最成功的方法。

  此外,在第一次迭代殘餘熵比的建議計劃是低於 MRP 的,而且與 MRP 比較而言較接近最後的殘餘熵比。 這種現象將允許我們提出的計劃將停止在更少的迭代同時保持了比較好的壓縮性能。

Page 20: JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING  (  JISE  ) 24, 1579-1591 (2008)

End… & Happy New Year