journal of geotechnical engineering (vol1, issue1)
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Journal of
Geotechnical Engineering
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Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
?Engineering Geology , Hydrogeology
?Soil and Rock engineering
?Geosynthetics
?Earth Quake engineering
?Pile Dynamics
? Slope stability and tunneling
?Geohazards and Mitigation
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Industrial Tribology Machine Dynamics & Maintenance
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STM Journal (s) Advisory Board
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Dr. Anil Kumar SachanHead, Civil Engineering Department,
MNNIT Allahabad, India.
Dr. Arun PrasadAssociate Professor (Geotechnical)Department of Civil Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology (BHU)Varanasi, India.
Dr. Chander Kumar SinghAssistant Professor, Department of Natural
Resources,TERI University, India.
Dr. Dalchand JhariyaAssistant Professor, National Institute of
Technology, Raipur, India.
Dr. Babu K KPrincipal ,Thejus engineering College,
Vellarakkad, Erumappetty,Thrissur,Kerala, India.
Dr. Aniruddha SenguptaAssociate Professor, Department of Civil
Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur,
West Bengal, India.
Dr. Erfan MondalProfessor of GeologyDepartment of GeologyAligarh Muslim University
Aligarh - 202002 India.
Mr. Gobinath Ravindran Assistant Professor ,Department of Civil
Engineering, Jay Shriram Group of Institutions, Avinashipalayam, Tirupur,
Tamilnadu, India.
Engr. Habib Zaman Memon Lecturer, Institute Of Petroleum &
N-GasMehran University of Engineering & Technology Jamshoro, Pakistan.
Dr. Janendranath MandalDepartment of Civil Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology BombayPowai, Mumbai, India.
Dr. Javed AlamAssociate Professor, Civil Engineering
Department, A.M.U, Aligarh, India.
Dr. Kamalesh KumarAssistant Professor, Department of Civil
Engineering, BITS Pilani, Rajasthan, India.
Editorial Board
Dr. N. VishwakarmaAssistant Professor, National Institute of
Technology, Raipur, India.
Dr. Rehman Associate Professor
Department of Civil Engg.AMU, Aligarh-202002, U.P
Dr. Shamsuddin ShahidAssociate ProfessorDepartment of
Hydraulics and HydrologyFaculty of Civil EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi
Malaysia (UTM) Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
Dr Shoeb MalikAssociate ProfessorDepartment of
Civil EngineeringZ.H. College of Engg. & Tech.A.M.U.,
Aligarh-India.
Dr. Rini AbdullahSenior Lecturer Department of Geotechnics
& TransportationFaculty of Civil EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi
Malaysia (UTM) Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
Dr. Pradeep Kumar AgarwalProfessor, Department of Civil
Engineering, National Institute of Technology Bhopal, M.P, India.
Dr. Syed Zaheer HasanScientist-G
Petroleum Research WingGujarat Energy Research And Management Institute.
Pdpu CampusRaisan, Gujarat, India.
I take the privilege to present the print version for the Volume 1 Issue (1) of Journal of Geotechnical
Engineering. The intension of JoGE is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research
and growth in the area of Geotechnical.
The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by
eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. JoGE provides an outlet for Research findings and
reviews in areas of Geotechnical found to be relevant for National and International recent
developments & research initiative.
The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for
the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and
research in the domain of Geotechnical.
Finally, I express my sincere gratitude and thanks to our Editorial/ Reviewer board and Authors for
their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring write
ups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With
regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality
Research/Reviews findings for our customers base.
I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.
Dr. Archana Mehrotra
Director
STM Journals
Director's Desk
STM JOURNALS
1. Land Use and Land Cover Change Detection Study at Pennar River Estuary, Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh, Southeast Coast of India G. Sreenivasulu, N. Jayaraju, T. Lakshmi Prasad 1
2. Comparison of Vegetation and Water Indices Calculated on IRS LISS-3 and IRS-P6 AWiFS Data Ajay Singh Tomar 10
3. Strength of Geopolymer Concrete by Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Waste Steel SlagAsha M, Subramanian M, Karthik PR, Dinesh S, Shobana K S, Gobinath R 15
4. Identification of Accident Hot Spots at Different Roads of Midnapore Municipality Area: A Geoinformatic ApproachJatisankar Bandyopadhyay, Kartic Bera, Sanghita Chakraborty 20
5. Characteristics of Geology in Khulna City Corporation (KCC) Area, BangladeshK.M. Bipul Shahriar, Md. Rokonuzzaman, Liton Rabbani 39
ContentsJournal of Geotechnical Engineering
JoGE (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 1 Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
Land Use and Land Cover Change Detection Study at
Pennar River Estuary, Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh,
Southeast Coast of India
G. Sreenivasulu*, N. Jayaraju, T. Lakshmi Prasad
Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa-516003, AP, India
Abstract Coastal zones are the most valuable and dynamic places on Earth. A large portion of the
world’s population has habitat coastal areas. Fertile coastal low lands, abundant marine
resources, water transportation, aesthetic beauty and intrinsic values have long
motivated coastal habitation. Two-thirds of the world’s fish catch, and many marine
species, depend on coastal wetlands for their survival. The process of coastal morpho-dynamics has resulted in environmental problems such as coastal wetland loss, habitat
degradation, water pollution and destruction of forest vegetation as well as host of other
issues. In the study, remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) were used in order to study land use/land cover changes by using three years (2005, 2007 and
2012) satellite images IRS-P6, LISS-III data of Pennar river estuary in Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Land use/land cover maps for three years (2005, 2007 and 2012)
were prepared. It is observed that the important land use features like coastal wetlands,
agricultural crop and plantation lands, waste lands or uncultivated lands, swamps and water bodies and its changes. The result shows a rapid growth in agricultural lands from
44.20 (2005) to 57.45% (2012) due to the annual rainfall. The water bodies and wetlands
decreased from 34.53 (2005) to 21.10% (2012). Built-up lands increased 0.17% between
2005 and 2012. Uncultivated or waste lands and swamps got decreased. The reason for
these changes can be attributed to urbanization, industrialization and modern civilization.
Keywords: Change detection study, coastal zones, remote sensing, GIS
JoGE (2014)© STM Journals 2013. All Rights Reserved
Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Volume 1 Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
Comparison of Vegetation and Water Indices Calculated
on IRS LISS-3 and IRS-P6 AWiFS Data
Ajay Singh Tomar* S. O. S Earth Science, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, M. P., India
Abstract Remote sensing technologies provide stereo images which allow topographic mapping
and the functionality gives not only static display but also analytical process. Vegetation indices and water indices have been proposed over last decades as the most suitable
vegetation and water indices for a given remote sensing application. In this research
study, the suitability and results show these indices (SVI, NDVI, SWI and NDWI) can apply on LISS-3 and Awifs, more comparisons view can get it from Awifs sensor. Using a
Geographical Information System (GIS) it is possible to relate location to vegetation and water bodies cover. Indices have become a key for planning, conservation and
management of any ecosystem. This has resulted in the habitat quality of varied aquatic
flora and funa. Moreover, the seasonal changes affect the land use/land cover characteristics of the landscape. This powerful approach is opening up new opportunities
to study the vegetation mapping with sensor comparisons. This information used to
enhance the regions for identifying vegetation cover/mapping area.
Keywords: IRS-LISS-3, IRS-P6 AWiFS, indices, SVI, NDVI, SWI, NDWI, sensor comparison
JoGE (2014) © STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 1 Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
Strength of Geopolymer Concrete by Replacement
of Fine Aggregate with Waste Steel Slag
Asha M, Subramanian M*, Karthik PR, Dinesh S, Shobana K S, Gobinath R
Jay Shriram Group of Institutions, Avinashipalayam, Tirupur, India
Abstract The increased production of Portland cement causes great concern to environment
because of its high carbon foot print. Geopolymer concrete is a new invention in the
world of concrete in which cement is totally replaced by industrial waste and byproducts like fly ash. Geopolymer concrete is environment-friendly material for construction
because of its reduced carbon foot print and also it is found to be durable. In this study,
strength and durability characteristics of geopolymer concrete are studied with partial replacement of waste steel slag obtained from steel plants. Steel slag is impregnated in
varying percentages of 5–15% instead of fine aggregate in geopolymer concrete prepared with sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide used in a ratio of 1.8:2.5, and
various properties obtained were analyzed.
Keywords: Geopolymer, fly ash, steel slag, fine aggregate
JoGE (2014)© STM Journals 2013. All Rights Reserved
Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 1 Issue 1 www.stmjournals.com
Identification of Accident Hot Spots at Different Roads
of Midnapore Municipality Area: A Geoinformatic
Approach
Jatisankar Bandyopadhyay*, Kartic Bera, Sanghita Chakraborty
Vidyasagar University Paschim Medinipur, Midnapore-721102, West Bengal, India
Abstract Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a huge public health and development problem, killing almost 1.2 million people a year and injuring or disabling almost 20 to 50 million or
more. Both WHO and World Bank data show that without appropriate action these injuries will rise dramatically by the year 2020, particularly in rapidly-motorizing
countries. The study identifies the volatile traffic areas where road accidents are
almost regular events and assess the temporal variation of these traffic accidents and injuries in Midnapore municipal area through Spatial Information Technology (SIT).
By applying Kernel-density method in identifying accident-prone locations in Midnapore municipal area, three accident-prone zones are observed. This result shows
highest concentration of a particular type of accidents and is useful for looking at
patterns rather than at locations of individual features. This work gives an insight into the present scenario of the traffic conditions, road width, land use/land cover of the
area and shows the most accident-prone roads. In future, accidents can be reduced by
eliminating unsafe conditions and reducing unsafe acts. This work will give an insight into the traffic scenario and will give planners and traffic authorities some breathing
space when considering long-term objectives and likely solutions of the problem.
Keywords: Kernel density, spatial information technology (SIT), temporal
variation, pattern analysis
JoGE (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 1, Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
Characteristics of Geology in Khulna City Corporation
(KCC) Area, Bangladesh
K.M. Bipul Shahriar1*, Md. Rokonuzzaman
2, Liton Rabbani
3
1ACE Consultants Ltd., DOHS Baridhara, Dhaka-1206, Bangladesh
2Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna-9203, Bangladesh
3Tangail Politechnique Institute, Tangail-1900, Bangladesh
Abstract This study represents the general characteristics of foundation soil in Khulna City
Corporation (KCC) area. The KCC is situated in southwestern part in Bangladesh.
Lithologically the area is composed of coarse to very fine silty sand, silt, silty clay, clayey silt and clay in various proportion. The SPT (Standard Penetration Test) value of the
investigated area range between 0 and 7 from surface to 8 m deep. Here, the liquid limit and the natural moisture content (NMC) range from 32 to 64%, 27 to 65% respectively.
The shear strength of the upper subsoil horizons in the investigated area is low. Low
shearing strength in the upper soil horizon is indicative of soil vulnerability to excessive settlement under high load. The cohesive nature of upper soil in the KCC area with high
colloidal content, high liquid and plastic limit indicate medium to high sensitivity of the soil to moisture that could not support heavily loaded buildings and structures. The
problems can be avoided by considering special type of foundation, increasing the width
of basements of structures and granular backfilling. Based on geomorphology, stratigraphic litho-succession, soil types, percentage of sand, silt and clay in the soil,
liquid limit, plasticity index, NMC, liquefaction, settlement and SPT zonation, the study
area have been classified as lowest for urbanization. Considering the factors of geotechnical parameters for design of structural foundations this zone is rated as severe
for shallow foundations without replaced the existing soil by well graded sandy material. It is understood from the investigation that the deep foundation is necessary with
sufficient pile length (>35 m) is required to resist heavy structural load.
Keywords: Urban Geology, Khulna City Corporation, Bangladesh