joseph brimhall, d.c. president, western states chiropractic college
DESCRIPTION
THE ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL ACCREDITATION IN LICENSURE MOBILITY Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards Atlanta, Georgia May 2, 2008. Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College Past-President, Council on Chiropractic Education (CCE) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL ACCREDITATION IN LICENSURE
MOBILITY
Federation of Chiropractic Licensing BoardsAtlanta, Georgia
May 2, 2008
Joseph Brimhall, D.C.President, Western States Chiropractic CollegePast-President, Council on Chiropractic Education (CCE)Director, Councils on Chiropractic Education International (CCEI)
![Page 2: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
“I believe education is the great equalizer. Our children are our hope for the future, so we have an obligation to provide them with the tools to succeed. There is no more powerful tool than knowledge.” --Dave Heineman
![Page 3: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The principal goal of education is to create people who are capable of doing new things, not simply of repeating what other generations have done.
-Jean Piaget (1896-1980) Swiss cognitive psychologist.
![Page 4: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is the role of CCE accreditation?
CCE VISION STATEMENT
“Promoting Excellence and Assuring Quality in Chiropractic Education”
![Page 5: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
HOW DOES CCE ASSURE QUALITY OF CHIROPRACTIC EDUCATION?
by Development of valid criteria (CCE
Standards) Direct accreditation of programs &
institutions (COA actions) Recognition and Endorsement of actions
and standards of other accrediting agencies (formerly via Reciprocal Agreements)
![Page 6: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
ACCREDITATION IN THE UNITED STATES
Accreditation originated in the U.S.—it is an American “invention”
Relies on peer review rather than governmental regulation
Is “voluntary”
![Page 7: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
“Accreditation is voluntary”
Probably essential to a college, but is a choice, not an imposed requirement.
Similar to professional licensure, accreditation is a privilege, not a right.
![Page 8: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Who Recognizes CCE?
United States Department of Education – in accordance with federal law and regulations
CHEA (Council on Higher Education Accreditation) – adherence to established criteria
ASPA (Association of Specialized and Professional Accreditors) – voluntary compliance with “Code of Good Practice”
CCE-I – conformance with “Model Standards”
![Page 9: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
United States Department of Education recognition
Recognized accrediting agencies act as “gatekeepers” for access to federal funds.
USDE is a “consumer” of accreditation services (one way to view it)
![Page 10: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
CCE accreditation decisions are recognized by:
The United States Secretary of Education Other regional and specialized accrediting
agencies in the U.S. The Council for Higher Education
Accreditation (CHEA) Most United States licensing boards International chiropractic accrediting
agencies (via CCE-I mutual recognition and endorsement)
![Page 11: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Professional Regulation
Professional licensure is the responsibility of jurisdictional regulation
Accreditation may be a resource for licensing bodies, much like professional testing is used by regulators
![Page 12: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Chiropractic Regulation View
![Page 13: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
PROFESSIONAL REGULATION
Licensing boards have the legal authority to grant licensure and to approve educational programs necessary for licensure
In the U.S., licensure and education are under the authority of state (not federal) government
![Page 14: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
International mobilityWHY RECIPROCITY DOES NOT WORK…
Only 2 entities involved, by definition “Leap frog” phenomenon Presumes equivalence of the two sets
of Standards to each other Does not consider regional
differences
![Page 15: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
WHY RECIPROCITY DOES NOT WORK…(cont.)
Who maintains assurance of equivalence?
What happens when there are substantial differences between the two Standards (i.e. non-equivalence)?
![Page 16: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Alternatives to Reciprocity
Option: Each agency accredits colleges outside its region/country (for example, CCE could directly accredits colleges outside the U.S.)
Requires the college’s adherence to multiple different sets of programmatic accreditation Standards. (many institutions in the U.S. already do this with other programmatic agencies)
![Page 17: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Another alternative….
Mutual recognition and endorsement of other CCE agencies through compliance with CCE-I Core Model Standards
Membership of CCE-I is formed by the CCE agencies of the world
Each CCE world-wide has approved the Core Model Standards and has representation on CCE-I
CCE-I is responsible to assure compliance of each CCE with the Core Model Standards
![Page 18: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Councils on Chiropractic Education International (CCE-I)
A membership organization comprised of the four CCE agencies worldwide (U.S., Canada, Europe, Australia)
Has established Core Model Standards that all agencies comply with
Such compliance is the basis for “mutual endorsement and recognition”
![Page 19: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
CCEI Core Model Standards are recognized and endorsed by:
Council on Chiropractic Education Australasia (CCEA)
Canadian Federation of Chiropractic Regulatory and Educational Accrediting Boards (CFCREAB)
Council on Chiropractic Education - United States of America (CCE)
European Council on Chiropractic Education (ECCE)
![Page 20: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Benefits of mutual endorsement and recognition:
Transferability of credits among accredited colleges
MAY facilitate licensure mobility in jurisdictions outside the region
![Page 21: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Mutual Recognition and Endorsement is already in place
There is nothing for the student or licensing board to buy
The Core Model Standards are available to anyone via the CCE-I web site: http://www.cceintl.org/
![Page 22: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
How does this work for regulation?
Licensing bodies and other third parties may rely on the mutual endorsement and recognition provisions as an effective and comparable approach to resolving questions regarding equivalency of international accreditation requirements and actions.
![Page 23: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
However…
International accreditation process and requirements are not exactly like CCE Not all agencies have the same peer-
review accreditation process Differing requirements for admission Educational structures vary in other
regions and countries
![Page 24: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Limitations of CCE recognition and endorsement of a foreign agency:
-does not constitute accreditation by CCE
-does not imply eligibility for federal funds, including Title IV funds or federal student loan programs
![Page 25: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Challenges for regulation
State laws and regulations may include requirements not covered by recognition and endorsement
Licensing bodies must assure compliance with applicable laws
![Page 26: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Also….
The eligibility of a foreign educational program to participate in Title IV financial aid programs does not imply CCE accreditation of that program
Might not meet state requirements for an accredited program
![Page 27: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Therefore…
Regulatory bodies may choose to rely on the recognition and endorsement of each regional CCE (via compliance with CCEI Model Standards) as an effective means to facilitate international mobility.
![Page 28: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
PLEASE OBSERVE…
It should be noted that CCEI endorsement and recognition of equivalency represents compliance and conformity with CCEI Model Standards and does not necessarily express identical equivalence with CCE-US Standards. Determination of compliance with individual jurisdictional requirements may require review on a case-by-case basis.
![Page 29: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
IMPORTANT:
The decision of how much weight, if any, to give CCE’s mutual recognition and endorsement of other CCE agencies must remain with the licensing and regulatory organizations.
![Page 30: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
“The illiterate of the 21st century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn.”
-ALVIN TOFFLER
![Page 31: Joseph Brimhall, D.C. President, Western States Chiropractic College](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081513/56813066550346895d964054/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Questions?
Thank you.