joints or structural members in in triflex ® windows joints or structural members in in triflex ®...
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Joints or Structural Joints or Structural MembersMembers
in in TRIFLEXTRIFLEX®® WINDOWS WINDOWS
Joints or Structural Joints or Structural MembersMembers
in in TRIFLEXTRIFLEX®® WINDOWS WINDOWS
Joints or Structural Members2
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
In TRIFLEX® WINDOWS supports two types of structural members:
Rigid Joint (Structural Member)
Rigid Joint (Structural Member)
Flexible Joint (Structural Member)
Flexible Joint (Structural Member)
Joints or Structural Members3
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
Rigid Joint (Structural Member)Rigid Joint (Structural Member)
To code a Rigid Joint (Structural Member) click with the mouse
on “Joint” icon from the Graphics Toolbar
To code a Rigid Joint (Structural Member) click with the mouse
on “Joint” icon from the Graphics Toolbar
The default settings for a Rigid Joint are:
Weight = 0Use Absolute Length
The default settings for a Rigid Joint are:
Weight = 0Use Absolute Length
Joints or Structural Members4
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
Rigid Joint (Structural Member)Rigid Joint (Structural Member)
If the length of the Rigid Joint is smaller than the Absolute Length, TRIFLEX will code automatically a pipe which will precede the joint.
The Absolute Length will be equal with length of the pipe plus length of the rigid joint
If the length of the Rigid Joint is smaller than the Absolute Length, TRIFLEX will code automatically a pipe which will precede the joint.
The Absolute Length will be equal with length of the pipe plus length of the rigid joint
In this case:Absolute Length = 5 ftLength of the Rigid Joint = 1 ftLength of the preceding pipe = 4 ftWeight of the Rigid Joint =100 lbs
In this case:Absolute Length = 5 ftLength of the Rigid Joint = 1 ftLength of the preceding pipe = 4 ftWeight of the Rigid Joint =100 lbs
Joints or Structural Members5
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
Rigid Joint (Structural Member)Rigid Joint (Structural Member)
The Rigid Joint can be used to model the
following components:
(the list is not exclusive):
Pumps
Turbines
Rigid supports
Rigid connections
User defined flanges
User defined valves
Rigid vessels
Offsets
All types of rigid equipment
The Rigid Joint can be used to model the
following components:
(the list is not exclusive):
Pumps
Turbines
Rigid supports
Rigid connections
User defined flanges
User defined valves
Rigid vessels
Offsets
All types of rigid equipment
Joints or Structural Members6
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member)Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member)
Flexible Joints (Flexible Structural Members) are used to model flexible supports or complex structures connected with piping system.
In the “Structural Steel” database, TRIFLEX® incorporates the AISC standard shapes, dimensions, and properties for W, M, S, H Shapes, Channels, Angles, Round Bar, Square Bar, Structural Tubing, etc.
An easy to use “User Defined” tool allows the user to input new and unconventional shapes in the Steel Database.
Flexible Joints (Flexible Structural Members) are used to model flexible supports or complex structures connected with piping system.
In the “Structural Steel” database, TRIFLEX® incorporates the AISC standard shapes, dimensions, and properties for W, M, S, H Shapes, Channels, Angles, Round Bar, Square Bar, Structural Tubing, etc.
An easy to use “User Defined” tool allows the user to input new and unconventional shapes in the Steel Database.
Joints or Structural Members7
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
W Shapes
M Shapes
S Shapes
HP Shapes
American Standard Channels
Miscellaneous Channel
Angles (L)
Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) AISC DatabaseFlexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) AISC Database
Joints or Structural Members8
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
Round Bars Square Bars Rectangular Bars
Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) AISC DatabaseFlexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) AISC Database
Joints or Structural Members9
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
Structural Tubing Steel Pipe
Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) AISC DatabaseFlexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) AISC Database
Joints or Structural Members10
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) - User Defined DataFlexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) - User Defined Data
To input a User Defined shape in the
“Structural Steel” database, click with the mouse on “Structural Steel” in “Utilities”, ”Databases” menu
To input a User Defined shape in the
“Structural Steel” database, click with the mouse on “Structural Steel” in “Utilities”, ”Databases” menu
On “Structural Steel Database” dialog, Click
on “New” button to enter new data
On “Structural Steel Database” dialog, Click
on “New” button to enter new data
Joints or Structural Members11
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) - User Defined DataFlexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) - User Defined Data
B axes
C axes
1
23
4
The points should be input in
counterclockwise order
The points should be input in
counterclockwise order
Input the point’s coordinates to describe the cross sectional area of
the new shape and click “OK”
Input the point’s coordinates to describe the cross sectional area of
the new shape and click “OK”
Based on input points TRIFLEX®
will calculate the cross sectional area characteristics.
NOTE: Torsion Constant, K is an Input Data
Based on input points TRIFLEX®
will calculate the cross sectional area characteristics.
NOTE: Torsion Constant, K is an Input Data
Joints or Structural Members12
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) - User Defined DataFlexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) - User Defined Data
The “New Shape 1” User Defined Flexible Joint
The “New Shape 1” User Defined Flexible Joint
Joints or Structural Members13
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
Torsional Constant - a common error:
K is used to describe the torsional constant. Unfortunately, this same variable is used to describe the polar moment of inertia of a shape. These are NOT the same thing. To add to the confusion, in the case of a circular member they are numerically equal. With other shapes, severe miscalculations result when the polar moment of inertia is used as the torsional constant. The polar moment of inertia is the sum of the X and Y moments of inertia. For an I-beam the torsional constant is equal to:
Where t is the element thickness. For a W8x24, the polar moment of inertia is approximately 101 in4 whereas the torsional constant is only 0.35 in4. Since is inversely proportional to J, this error could result in grossly under-calculating the stress.
Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) - User Defined DataFlexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) - User Defined Data
Joints or Structural Members14
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member)Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member)
Using “Mirror C Axes”
option, the profile can be flipped about B Axes such
that the C direction
becomes the NEGATIVE C
direction
Using “Mirror C Axes”
option, the profile can be flipped about B Axes such
that the C direction
becomes the NEGATIVE C
direction
Joints or Structural Members15
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
Using “Orientation of B Axis counter clockwise from the MNU
direction vector” option, the profile can be rotated about the A
Axis
Using “Orientation of B Axis counter clockwise from the MNU
direction vector” option, the profile can be rotated about the A
Axis
B axes
C axesA axes
MNU = Most Nearly UP
Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member)Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member)
Joints or Structural Members16
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member)Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member)
Shear Distribution Factor for Forces Parallel to B and C axis is the Cross
Sectional Area divided by the Effective Shear Area
Shear Distribution Factor for Forces Parallel to B and C axis is the Cross
Sectional Area divided by the Effective Shear Area
Joints or Structural Members17
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
Shear Distribution Factor Example 2:
For a Hollow Rectangular Tube, c in the C direction, b in the B direction, t = wall thickness, the cross sectional area is approximately 2 (b+c) t.
For Shear forces parallel to B, the Shear Factor is 2 (b+c) t / 2 t b = 1 + c / b.
For Shear forces parallel to C, the Shear Factor = 1 + b / c.
Shear Distribution Factor Example 2:
For a Hollow Rectangular Tube, c in the C direction, b in the B direction, t = wall thickness, the cross sectional area is approximately 2 (b+c) t.
For Shear forces parallel to B, the Shear Factor is 2 (b+c) t / 2 t b = 1 + c / b.
For Shear forces parallel to C, the Shear Factor = 1 + b / c.
c
b
b
c
t
B Axis
C Axis
B Axis
C Axis
Shear Distribution Factor Example 1:
For a Rectangular Solid with dimensions bxc, the Effective Shear Area is given as 5/6 bc.
The cross sectional area is bc. The Shear
Factor in the B and in the C direction will then be bc/ (5/6 bc) = 1.2
Shear Distribution Factor Example 1:
For a Rectangular Solid with dimensions bxc, the Effective Shear Area is given as 5/6 bc.
The cross sectional area is bc. The Shear
Factor in the B and in the C direction will then be bc/ (5/6 bc) = 1.2
Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member)Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member)
Joints or Structural Members18
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member)Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member)
Examples of how to use
Flexible Structural
Members to code Navy Hangers
Examples of how to use
Flexible Structural
Members to code Navy Hangers
Joints or Structural Members19
TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www.pipingsolutions.com
For more details please contact:
6219 Brittmoore Road
Houston, Texas 77041-5114 U.S.A.
Voice: 713 849 3366
Fax: 713 849 3806