Analysing Work

and

Designing Jobs

Job Description and Job Specification in Job Analysis

Job DescriptionA statement containing items such as

• Job title• Location• Job summary• Duties• Machines, tools, and

equipment• Materials and forms used• Supervision given or received• Working conditions• hazards

Job specificationA statement of human qualifications necessary to do the job. Usually contains such items as

• Education• Experience• Training• Judgement• Initiative• Physical efforts• Physical skills• Responsibilities• Communication skills• Emotional characteristics• Unusual sensory demands such as

sight, smell, hearing

Job AnalysisA process of obtaining all pertinent job facts

Job Analysis offers Competitive Advantage to a Firm

• is a foundation for HRP

• foundation for employee hiring

• foundation for t & d

• foundation for performance appraisal

• foundation for wage and relay fixation

• foundation for safety and health

Process of Job Analysis

Gather Information

Process Information

Job Description

Job Specification

Strategic Choices

Uses of Job Description and Job Specification

• Personnel Planning• Performance Appraisal• Hiring• Training and Development• Job Evaluation and Compensation• Health and Safety• Employee Discipline• Work Scheduling• Career Planning

Process of Job Analysis

• Strategic choices– employee involvement– levels of details– timing and frequency of analysis– past or future– sources of data

• Information gathering• Information processing• Job description• Resulting in various outcomes

Methods of Collecting Job Data

Observation Questionnaire

Checklists Diary

Interviews

Job Data

Technical Conference

Job Enlargement

TasksDrill holes

Assemble PartsTest

TasksDrill holes

Assemble PartsTest

TasksDrill holes

Assemble PartsTest

Employee 1 Employee 2 Employee 3

Uses of Jobs Analysis

Job Analysis

Job Description

Job Specification

Job Evaluation

Remuneration

Training and Development

Recruitment and Selection

HRP

Performance Appraisal

Personnel Information

Safety and Healthy

Job Rotation

TasksDrill holes

TasksAssemble

Parts

TasksTest

Component

Week 1 Week 2 Week 3

Nature of Job Design

• Job design is the conscious efforts to organize tasks, duties and responsibilities into one unit of work. It involves– identification of individual tasks– specification of methods of performing the

tasks– combination of tasks into specific jobs to be

assigned to individuals

Job Design Factors

Organisational Factors

Environmental Factors

Behavioural Factors

Job DesignProductive and Satisfying Job

Feedback

Comparison of Five Design Approaches

MediumLow High

Low

Med

ium

Hig

h

Impa

ct

Complexity

Job Rotation

Job Engineering

Job Enlargement

Job Enrichment

Socio-technical Systems

Contemporary Issues

• Telecommuting

• Alternative work patterns

• Technostress

• Task revision

• Skill Development

Reality Check

• Why do people like jobs but hate work?

Reality Check

• Amazon.com is one company that has de-jobbing practice. Here a worker is switching from a job to job three months’ intervals. The .com puts more emphasis on broader worker specification than on detailed job description. Do you find any other organisation (s) practising de-jobbing?

Reality Check

List the expectation of each of the following jobs:

• A programmer

• Receptionist

• Executive assistance

• Sales Rep

Campus Overview

907/A Uvarshad, Gandhinagar

Highway, Ahmedabad –

382422.

Ahmedabad Kolkata

Infinity Benchmark, 10th Floor, Plot G1,Block EP & GP,

Sector V, Salt-Lake, Kolkata – 700091.

Mumbai

Goldline Business Centre Linkway

Estate, Next to Chincholi Fire

Brigade, Malad (West), Mumbai – 400 064.

Thank You