jimmy carter 1976-1980 ronald reagan 1980-1988 george bush sr. 1988-1992 bill clinton 1992-2000...
TRANSCRIPT
Jimmy Carter1976-1980
Ronald Reagan1980-1988
George Bush Sr.1988-1992
Bill Clinton1992-2000
Barack Obama2008-2016
What does “succession” mean?
George Bush Jr2000-2008
Primary Succession• Defined: Establishment and development of an
ecosystem in an uninhabited environment
Primary Succession• Defined: Establishment and development of an
ecosystem in an uninhabited environment
• Volcanic lava creates new land
New barren land
Primary Succession• Defined: Establishment and development of an
ecosystem in an uninhabited environment
• Volcanic lava creates new land
• Glaciers retreating exposing new land
Rocky land
Frozen glacierNew barren land
Primary Succession• Defined: Establishment and development of an
ecosystem in an uninhabited environment
• Volcanic lava creates new land
• Glaciers retreating exposing new land
Peruvian Andes Mountains
Primary Succession• Defined: Establishment and development of an
ecosystem in an uninhabited environment
• Volcanic lava creates new land
• Glaciers retreating exposing new land
Columbia Glacier in Alaska
Bare Rock
• Lava cools and hardens into rock
Pioneer Species• Defined: First organisms to inhabit new land
• Moss and lichen grow on bare rock
Rocky land
wind
. . . . . .
Pioneer Species• Defined: First organisms to inhabit new land
• Moss and lichen grow on bare rock
Rocky land
. . . . . .
Rocky land
Pioneer Species• Defined: First organisms to inhabit new land
• Moss and lichen grow on bare rock
. . . . . .
Rocky land
soil
Pioneer Species• Defined: First organisms to inhabit new land
• Moss and lichen grow on bare rock
• Dead matter accumulates with rock pieces– Thin soil layer begins to accumulate
Thin layer of soilAllows more growth
Rocky land
soil
The Process Continues• Seeds enter the area and grow
seed
wind
Rocky land
soilsoil
The Process Continues• Seeds enter the area and grow• Small flowers & shrubs accumulate more organic
matter• With new plants, small animals inhabit the area
Rocky land
soil soil
Even More Time Passes• Small trees take root in the accumulated organic
matter
• More animals use the trees as a habitat
Climax Community• Large trees take root
– Overcrowd and out-compete the original smaller trees
• New animals inhabit new forests
Rocky land soil
Secondary Succession
• Changes that take place after a disturbance occurs in an established ecosystem– Forest fires, floods, tree falls…
• Faster scale (soil preexists)
Review
1) What are the first organisms to live within a newly created patch of land called?
2) Give examples of the answer to question #1.
3) What are the final species to live within a newly created patch of land called?
4) How are new areas of land created?
5) Give a few examples how the process of secondary succession can start.
6) How does primary and secondary succession differ? How are they similar?