jg ak vid wkshp vsa pt2
DESCRIPTION
VSA 2009 Video Taping Visitors WorkshopJosh Gutwill and Adam KlingerPart 2: Human Subjects and IRB considerationsTRANSCRIPT
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Treating Visitors Ethically
• Government system for ~40 years• Applied to research, not evaluation• Now line is blurring
– Evaluators using new methods (audio/video)
– More comparative studies -> more generalizable
• Learn about the system, when it applies, and how to use it effectively
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Ethical Concerns
• Why worry about studies with humans?
• Recent medical and psychological research– Tuskegee experiment (1932-1972)– Milgram Experiment (1961)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Tuskegee Experiment
Between 1932 and 1972, the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS)conducted an experiment on 399 black men in the late stages ofsyphilis to observe the natural progression of the disease if leftuntreated. These men, for the most part illiterate sharecroppersfrom one of the poorest counties in Alabama, were never toldwhat disease they were suffering from or of its seriousness.Informed that they were being treated for “bad blood,” they wereoffered free medical treatment, rides to the clinic, meals andburial insurance in case of death in return for participating. By1947 penicillin had become the standard treatment for syphilis.The Tuskegee scientists withheld penicillin and informationabout penicillin, purely to continue to study how the diseasespreads and kills. Participants were also prevented fromaccessing syphilis treatment programs that were available toother people in the area.
http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0762136.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuskegee_experiment
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Milgram Obedience Study (1961)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Belmont Commission (1974-9)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Belmont Commission (1974-9)
Three basic principles for HS research– Respect for Persons
•Protect autonomy (reduce coercion; extra protection for people w/ diminished autonomy)
•Treat with respect & courtesy•Informed consent
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Belmont Commission (1974-9)
Three basic principles for HS research– Respect for Persons
•Protect autonomy (reduce coercion; extra protection for people w/ diminished autonomy)
•Treat with respect & courtesy•Informed consent
– Beneficence•Maximize benefits and minimize risks
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Belmont Commission (1974-9)
Three basic principles for HS research– Respect for Persons
•Protect autonomy (reduce coercion; extra protection for people w/ diminished autonomy)
•Treat with respect & courtesy•Informed consent
– Beneficence•Maximize benefits and minimize risks
– Justice•Fairness in distribution of benefits and costs
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Applying principles
Respect (informed consent, autonomy, protection)
Beneficence (risk/benefits)Justice (fair distribution of benefits & costs)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Applying principles
Respect (informed consent, autonomy, protection)
Beneficence (risk/benefits)Justice (fair distribution of benefits & costs)
Where did Tuskegee and Milgram go awry?
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Applying principles
Respect (informed consent, autonomy, protection)
Beneficence (risk/benefits)Justice (fair distribution of benefits & costs)
Where did Tuskegee and Milgram go awry?
What might be the risks in informal environments?
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
How can we protect visitors when videotaping?
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Videotaping visitors
Simple implied consent
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Videotaping visitors
Standard implied consent
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Videotaping visitors
• Explicit consent with signed forms– Crowley & Callanan Method– Explo’s method for large exhibit areas
– Explo’s lab method
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
System for protecting subjects
Institutional
Review Board (IRB)
Gov’t guidelines
MuseumResearcher MuseumResearcher
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
How do we deal with this?
• Learn the guidelines– Protecting human subjects
•Apply Belmont principles
– Defining research– Defining “exempt” research
• Write research/evaluation protocols
• Work w/ Institutional Review Board (IRB)
• Budget for IRB costs
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Definition of “Research”
• Systematic investigation designed to contribute to generalizable knowledge, and
• Obtaining identifiable private information about living individuals, or
• Involves intervention or interaction with individuals
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
What is “exempt”?• Research in established educational settings– Comparing diff curricula, or teaching techniques
• Tests, surveys or obsv of public behavior:– no identifiable information is obtained– it doesn’t involve prisoners or children*– there is no risk of harm to the subject’s reputation
• Data exists or identity is unknown to Rschr• Other types of studies
– Certain Research projects by government– Taste and food quality tests
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Name Group
Alice Stevenson 1Amy Henson 3Amy Niedbalski anyAnna Lindgren-Streicher 2Beth Johnson 3Betsy Adamson 2Brent Williams 3
NameGroup
David Callahan1
Eileen Sheu 2Jane Schaefer1Julie Fritsch3Laetitia Habimana 1Scott Ewing 2
3 Working Groups
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Resources for learning more
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Resources
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Resources