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3.2 New England ColoniesCreated by: Mrs. Cady

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New England Economy

What’sthe date comparisons Why did that

Happen?New England

People

2 examples of skilled craftpeople who worked in the New England

colonies

Blacksmiths, printers, shipbuilders, weavers

Along with fishing, colonists also use oil from this animal for

lighting.

whales

These people gained most of the power and wealth in a New

England economy.

merchants

Young boys could work as __________________, helping craftspeople with simple tasks.

apprentices

Name 3 important economic activities in the New England

colonies

Trade, farming, fishing, shipbuilding, craft making

Mayflower compact signed, Plymouth colony established by

Pilgrims.

1620

Great Migration

1629-1640

Salem witch trials

1690s

Put these events in order:

- Thomas Hooker leaves Massachusetts for Connecticut- Roger Williams leaves Massachusetts for Rhode Island- Anne Hutchinson leaves Massachusetts for Rhode Island

1636: Thomas Hooker leaves Massachusetts for Connecticut

1637: Anne Hutchinson leaves Massachusetts for Rhode Island

1644: Roger Williams leaves Massachusetts for Rhode Island

Put these events in order:

- Massachusetts Bay Colony founded

- Salem witch trials happen in Salem, Massachusetts

- Plymouth Colony founded

- Thomas Hooker writes Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

1620- Plymouth Colony founded

1628- Massachusetts Bay Colony founded

1639- Thomas Hooker writes Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

1690s- Salem witch trials happen in Salem, Massachusetts

Puritans vs. Pilgrims

Pilgrims (reform church)Separatist group who left England in the early 1600s to escape

persecution. They went to the calm and tolerant Netherlands in 1608. They were worried about losing their cultural identity in Netherlands, so

they made an arrangement with English investors to establish a new colony in North America (2nd successful English settlement—Plymouth,

Massachusetts.)

Puritans (separate from church)Protestant group who wanted to purify, or reform the Anglican Church.

They were blocked from changing the system of the church within England, so they preached in other countries (Netherlands, Ireland, Whales). They came to New England in 1620s as a part of the Great

Migration.

Church vs. State in Massachusetts colonies

The Puritans set up the general court, an attempt at self-government. Each town

had a general court. Politics and religion were closely linked. Government leaders were also church members and had a lot

of power. Individuals had to pass a public test to prove their faithfulness and become “God’s elect” before they were allowed to vote or hold a public office.

Women in England vs. Women in New England (rights)

Women in England had few rights—they could not allowed to

make contracts, sue or own property.

Women in NEW England—more rights, took part in business,

made contracts, could sue and widows could own property.

Higher education vs. Public Education

Higher education- colleges formed to educate ministers (Harvard created in 1636)

Public education- required in Massachusetts for every township of 50 families.

Children learned to read the Bible.

Native Americans in New England vs. Native Americans in

Virginia

Natives attacked colonists less in New England than they did in Virginia. Indians like Squanto

and Samoset helped colonists in New England plant crops like

corn.

Great Migration

1620s-1640s: The movement of English settlers to the Americas (primarily Puritans to Massachusetts). They came in family groups to escape religious persecution. It was called the Great Migration because the people that moved were not just male, but well-educated families moved. This lead to prosperous lives

and a large increase in birthrate.

Anne Hutchinson left Massachusetts

Hutchinson was a Puritan leader who angered other Puritans by claiming that people’s relationship with God did not

need guidance from ministers. She was banished from Massachusetts Bay Colony and she later established

Portsmouth in Rhode Island.

Thomas Hooker was called the “Father of American Democracy”

Hooker was a preacher who disagreed with many political issues in Massachusetts (mainly

voting).

He took some of his followers from MA and established Connecticut Colony.

He wrote the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, which was their constitution. It

was more democratic than the laws in Massachusetts and our modern government is

modeled after his ideas.

New England colonies had more success in the beginning than the

Southern Colonies

They brought families with them instead of just men.

The climate was better and fewer people got sick.

They were educated.

They had less resistance from natives.

Roger Williams left Massachusetts

Williams was an English Protestant minister who was an advocate for religious freedom

and the separation of church and state.

The Massachusetts court declared that he was spreading “diverse, new, and dangerous

opinions” and banished him from the colony.

In 1636, he started the colony of Providence Plantation, refuge for religious minorities;

started first Baptist Church.

Signed the Mayflower Compact

Pilgrims

Had the first Thanksgiving with local Wampanoag Indians in celebration of friendship and

harvest.

Pilgrims

Disagreed with the leadership in the Massachusetts Bay Colony

calling for a separate church from the government. Also called the

"father of democracy"

Thomas Hooker

Created the colony of Providence because he disagreed with how the Massachusetts Bay Colony

was treating the Native Americans and the close

relationship between the courts and the church desiring a

separation of church and state

Roger Williams

Founder and first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

John Winthrop

Why did the Pilgrims and the Puritans come to the Americas?

For RELIGIOUS FREEDOM