Kristyn Perry Kiefer O’ Sullivan Sarah Jane Calub

C U L T U R E

JAPANESE&AMERICAN

Japanese Culture

human fulfillment through close association with others

harmony

cooperation and recognition of social roles

inner self-control & self-discipline

http://www.flickr.com/photos/87913776@N00/500279386/sizes/o/

AmericanCulturefaith in individual freedom

democratic government

commitment to economic opportunity and progress for all

“melting pot”

JAPANESE CULTURE

BACKGROUND

Japan is not a single island; 4 large islands and thousands of smaller ones

limited farmland used predominately for rice

fish (both fresh and preserved) plays major role in diet

3 BC:Rice-growing

Chinese contribute soy sauce, tea, chopsticks, and imperial rule

Korean influences:Buddhism; people forbidden to eat meat publicly

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16th Century:Portuguese & Dutch enters trade with Japan. Westerners introduce fried foods, tobacco, sugar, and corn.

1600 - 1868:Japan closes ports to foreigners. Culture becomes even more deeply rooted.

Buddhism responsible for 5 flavors and colors in meals.

sweet yellow

spicy black

salty white

bitter green

sour red

http://foodportraits.com/images/346.jpg

http://thebokenonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/SushiBar____.jpg

JAPANESE FOOD

compared to other nations, Japanese cooking uses almost no spices

emphasis on pure, clean flavors of indigenous ingredients: fish, seaweed, vegetables, rice, and soybeans

limited agriculture/livestock are limited

rice served at every meal; gohan = rice and meal

APPEARANCE

meals designed with beauty, simplicity, and modesty in mind

meal is not a meal unless it balances 3 aspects:

artistic presentation

selection of plate/serving piece

taste

dishes are simply prepared, but combination of flavors, textures, and foods creates elegance and variety that typifies Japanese style http://www.fotobank.ru/img/FC00-5959.jpg?size=l

SUSHI

http://www.flickr.com/photos/digital_di/359900357/sizes/l/

http://takaramilwaukee.com/images/unkai_bento_box.jpg

BENTO

SEASONALITYseasonality of foods has long been practiced in Japan

special foods/treats not expected to stay for long

May: sincha (new tea harvest)

Spring: cherry blossom rice

September: shimmering white dishes, abalone, cucumbers, and bamboo shoots symbolize the moon

Winter: mandarin oranges symbolize sun and the New Year

Sheppard’s theories: imitation, intention and audience expectations

http://thepioneerwoman.com/tasty-kitchen/files/2010/03/sakuramochi-400x300.jpg

JAPANESE MUSIC

rooted in tradition and convention; not hugely progressive

pride in identity

J-pop and J-rock, now popular genres in Japan, were off shoots from Western rock and pop (latter half of 20th century)

much of Japanese music uses instruments which would be unfamiliar to Western fans of music

KOTOA national instrument of the Japanese, this large wooden

stringed instrument is played sitting down next to it.

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SANSHINThis traditional instrument local to Okinawa consists of a python-covered

base, a neck and three strings, which are plucked with a plectrum.

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TSUZUMIThis hourglass shaped drum has two drum heads with cords that are loosened or tightened in order to change the pitch of the drums.

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http://blog.drecom.jp/shinchan7/img/300/masami.jpg

TAIKO

Taiko means “drum”

came to Japan from China around 500B.C.

originally Gagaku or court music

military use

originally made from thick, wide tree trunks

now a modern music with influences from Jazz and other genres

now played in groups, which may have several taiko drums accompanied by other percussion instruments

Sheppard’s principles: meaning and truthhttp://nymag.com/daily/intel/2007/03/16/16_kodo_lg.jpg

American Culture

http://c.photoshelter.com/img-get/I00004TfdjeBKLGc/s/650

American History

• Christopher Columbus landed on islands in Caribbean Sea in 1492

• Europeans came from the East and the Spaniards came from the South

• The formation of the new nation began in Virginia, Massachusetts, and New York

• Britain won a fight against the French and took over rule of the new world

• Colonists became angry over the British rule

• American Revolution began in 1775

• Declaration of Independence was adopted on July 4th 1783

Western Music

• reactive and progressive; always pushing the medium forward

• social movements are often defined by their music

• E.G. Beats = Jazz• Hippies = Acid Rock• Cyberpunk of ‘90s = birth of Techno

• Western music is constantly redefining what it is to be alive at that time

• Musical analysis of songs gives insight into time

http://performingarts.ufl.edu/wp-content/uploads/2007/05/vanguard-jazz-orchestra-inside-cropped.jpg

• written in 1964

• Dylan was a popular American folk singer in the U.S.

• speaks the minds of people who were alive during the time of the Vietnam war and social upheaval

• written to be the “anthem of protest”

• features traditional Western instruments, using only the acoustic guitar and harmonica

• Sheppard’s theory: expression

BOB DYLANThe Times They are a Changin’

http://vrroom.naa.gov.au/Images/Protest%20against%20the%20Vietnam%20war1_11460306_tcm11-18309.jpg

HIPHOPCULTURE

• Began with the Harlem Renaissance in the 1960’s

• Consists of four primary elements: DJ-ing, breakdancing, graffiti, and MC-ing

• DJ Kool Herc is credited with establishing hip hop culture

• The first crew was the Rock Steady Crew

http://www.thegiantpeach.com/productimages/main/detailed/brands/sedgwickcedar/fall09/100709/600-S&C_8.jpg

Breakdancing

• uses amazing acrobatic moves

• sometimes dance in pairs

• performed primarily by young males

• began to replace fighting between rival gangs, usually between young Hispanics

• Sheppard’s theories: form, expression, and imitation

http://www.flickr.com/photos/stuwillis/275985993/sizes/o/