japan’s action towards “hydrogen...
TRANSCRIPT
Japan’s Action towards“Hydrogen society”
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Strategy Office,Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan
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Hydrogen in Olympic & Paralympic Flame in Tokyo 2020
During the Olympic and Paralympic, hydrogen will be used as fuel 1st time in history
2
Japan’s approach toward “Hydrogen Society”
Basic Hydrogen Strategy (Prime Minister Abe’s Initiative)• First comprehensive national strategy• H2 as a future energy option toward 2050• Detailed strategy with numerical targets
($3/kg by 2030 ⇒ $2/kg by 2050)
Strategic Roadmap for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
Basic Energy PlanHydrogen as a key contributor to:
• Decarbonization• Energy security • Industrial competitiveness
Hydrogen and Fuel CellsTechnology Development Strategy
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Basic Hydrogen Strategy
“Basic Hydrogen Strategy” (Prime Minister Abe’s Initiative) First comprehensive national strategy H2 as a future energy option toward 2050 Goals : making H2 affordable
($3/kg by 2030 ⇒ $2/kg by 2050)
【Supply】
【Demand】 ・・・
3 conditions for realizing affordable hydrogen① Inexpensive feedstock (unused resources, renewables)② Large scale H2 supply chains③ Mass usage (Mobility ⇒ Power Generation ⇒ Industry)
Key Technologies to be Developed
• Electrolysis System• Gasification + CCS
• Energy Carrier(LH2, MCH, NH3, etc.)
• Fuel Cells (Mobility, Generation)• H2-fired Generation
Production UseTransportation
4
Numerical targets toward hydrogen society
Current 2030 20502020 2025
Cost ($/kg) ～10 3 2
Volume (t/y) 200 300k 5～10M4k
HRS
FCVFC BusFC FL
Large Power Plant 1GW 15～30GW
(900)320160
40k
113
3.0k 200k 800k
10018 1.2k500160 10k
(RD&D)
ReplaceFilling Stations
ReplaceConventionalMobility
Dem
and Mobility
Gene-
ration FC CHP* 5.3m280k
Supply
InternationalH2 Supply Chains
Industry Use Expand H2 Use(RD&D)
Domestic H2Domestic Power-to-gas
CO2-free H2
*Primary energy: natural gas.
ReplaceOld Systems
(RD&D)
The Strategic Road Map for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
Discussed among experts on how to achieve goals in the strategy• A set of technical milestones• A set of policy actions
Price difference between FCV and HV: $28K → $6.5K Main FCV System cost, FC : $190/kW → $47/kW,
HRS Construction cost: HRS Operating cost: Production cost from brown coal gasification:
Electrolyzer Cost: several dollars/Nm3→ $0.1/Nm3
$1900/kW→$470/kW
$320,000/year → $140,000/year
$3.3m → $1.9m
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The Strategic Road Map for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells～ Industry-academia-government action plan to realize Hydrogen Society ～（overall）U
se
Mob
ility
Pow
er
Set of targets to achieve Approach to achieving target
FC
Supp
ly
In order to achieve goals set in the Basic Hydrogen Strategy,
① Set of new targets to achieve (Specs for basic technologies and cost breakdown goals), establish approach to achieving target
② Establish expert committee to evaluate and conduct follow-up for each field.
Cost of main FCV system
Costs of components for HRS
Vehicle cost of FC bus
• Regulatory reform and developing technology
Efficiency of hydrogen power generation
(¥3m → ¥0.7m )
（26％→27％） • Developing of high efficiency combustor etc.
Construction cost ¥350m → ¥200mOperating cost ¥34m → ¥15m
Realization of grid parity in commercial and industrial use
FCV
• Developing FC cell/stack technology
（thousands ㎥→50,000㎥）
Cost of electrolyzer
（5kWh/Nm3→4.3kWh/Nm3）
Construction and operating costs
HRS
Bus
2025 Price difference between FCV and HV
FC ¥20k/kW → ¥5k/kWHydrogen Storage ¥0.7m → ¥0.3m
2025
2020
2025
(¥105m → ¥52.5m)
• Consideration for creating nation wide network of HRS
• Extending hours of operation
• Increasing HRS for FC bus
¥50,000/kWin future
2030
Compressor ¥90m → ¥50mAccumulator¥50m → ¥10m
（13.6kWh/kg→6kWh/kg）
（¥200,000m/kW→¥50,000/kW）
Efficiency of water electrolysis
※In addition, promote development of guidelines and technology development for expansion of hydrogen use in the field of FC trucks, ships and trains.
※1MW scale
Hydrogen Cost
System cost of water electrolysis
Early 2020s
Production: Production cost from brown coal gasification
Storage/Transport : Scale-up of Liquefied hydrogen tank
Higher efficiency of Liquefaction
（¥several hundred/Nm3→ ¥12/Nm3 ）• Scaling-up and improving
efficiency of brown coal gasifier• Scaling-up and improving
thermal insulation properties
• Demonstration in model regions for social deployment utilizing the achievement in the demonstration of Namie, Fukushima
• Development of electrolyzer with higher efficiency and durability
Early realization of grid parity
+CC
SG
reen
H2
¥30/Nm3 by 2030¥20/Nm3 in future
Commercializeby 2030
Early 2020s
Goals in the Basic Hydrogen Strategy
1,200 by 2030
320 by 2025900 by 2030
200kb y2025800k by 2030
Foss
ilFu
el
6
Mob
ility
/ S
tatio
nary
Pow
er
Approach to achieve goals (Action Plans)
Foss
il fu
el +
CCS
Gree
n H2
Reduction of precious-metal contents in catalysts
Development of high-efficiencycombustor
Development of fuel cell stack technologies for higher efficiency and higher power density
Development of large-scale storage tanks for liquefied hydrogen
Integrate promotion of regulatory reform and technological development
●Control of flashback, combustion oscillation and NOx emission
Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Technology Development Strategy Road Map for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
Field ①
●Development of insulation system
●Development of fueling protocol to reduce construction and operation costs
Technology Items
Fuel cells for vehicles
Stationary fuel cells
Auxiliary equipment, tanks and related systems
Large-scale hydrogen production
Transport / Storage Hydrogen power
generation Hydrogen refueling station
Water Electrolysis Technologies
Industrial Applications
Discontinuous innovation
Technical challenges
Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Technology Development Strategy
Field ②
Field ③
Fuel
Cel
ls
Supp
ly C
hain
Wat
er E
lect
roly
sisan
d th
e ot
hers
10 p
rior
ity it
ems
in 3
fiel
ds
Durability improvement of water electrolysis system
●Break through of degradation mechanism in Electrolyte-materials
The strategy identifies 10 priority technology items in 3 fields to achieve the established goals in the Road Map for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells.
●Substantial reduction or elimination of Pt in catalysts
●Development of the fuel cells to realize higher efficiency over 65 % for significant cost savings
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Policies to Realize a “Hydrogen Society”①
Production Transportation and supply（supply chain） Use
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Produce hydrogen from unused, affordable resources, such as brown coal and renewable energy A demonstration project in
Fukushima Demonstration projects
overseas in Australia and Brunei
Power-to-Gas Plant
Gasification from Brown Coal +CCS
Production Transportation and supply（supply chain） Use
Hydrogen station
9Large-scale hydrogen ocean
Transportation network
Promote deployment of hydrogen stations with 110 stations as of December 2019
Regulatory reform to allow unmanned stations and lower operation cost
The world’s first international hydrogen supply chain project, with the LH2 carrier ship launched in December 2019
Policies to Realize a “Hydrogen Society”②
Production Transportation and supply（supply chain） Use
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Promote deployment of hydrogen technologies in a variety of sectors Fuel cell vehicles(FCV, FC bus,
etc.) Fuel cell-powered cogeneration Combined heat and power
supply using hydrogen-powered cogeneration
Feasibility study and R&D for hydrogen power generation
R&D to use hydrogen in steel making process
H2 Co-generation Demonstration Project
Policies to Realize a “Hydrogen Society”③
Growing momentum of hydrogen and fuel cells around the world
Saudi・UAE：Hydrogen Station project,etc Oman：Interest
in Hydrogen
Australia：Hydrogen production from brown coal and renewable energy. Hydrogen Supply Chain project with Japan
Brunei：Hydrogen Production. Hydrogen Supply Chain Projectwith Japan
NZ：Hydrogen production project
Argentine：Interest in Hydrogen production
U.S.A：Lead R&D on hydrogen and FC
Canada：FC development
Germany：Hydrogen production, FC Train
Netherlands：Plan for hydrogen power generation, etc.
Korea：FCV
China：FC bus
France：FCV, etc.
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Norway：Hydrogen supply project Russia：Interest in
Hydrogen Production
Japan：FCV, Hydrogen Supply Chain Project, Hydrogen Production
Multi-lateral initiatives on hydrogen
UK：Hydrogen injection into pipelines
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Hydrogen Energy Ministerial Meeting
GLOBAL ACTION AGENDA
201821 countries, region and organizations
300 attendees
TOKYO STATEMENT• Harmonization of Regulation,
Codes and Standards• Joint Research and Development• Study and Evaluation of
Hydrogen’s Potential• Education & Outreach
201935 countries, region and organizations
600 attendees
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Global Action Agenda
Mobility
Hydrogen Supply Chains• R&D and Sharing Information• Promote investment
Sector Integration• Expand the use of hydrogen in various sectors
Study and Evaluation of Hydrogen’s Potential• Further analysis and study by IEA, IRENA, ERIA
Communication, Education and Outreach• Disseminate information• Conduct campaign
• Sharing aspirational goals such as “10 million hydrogen powered systems” and “10 thousand Hydrogen Refueling Stations (HRS)” in 10 years (“Ten, Ten, Ten”)