japan visit: 6-13 january 2002 paul m. grant potential electric power applications for mgb 2 paul m....
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Japan Visit: 6-13 January 2002 Paul M. Grant
Potential Electric Power Applications for MgB2
Paul M. GrantScience Fellow
EPRI
Japan Visit: 6-13 January 2002 Paul M. Grant
Japan Visit: 6-13 January 2002 Paul M. Grant
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
100
101
102
103
102
103
104
105
106
4.2 KBtape
I c [A
]
B [T]
Current density [A
/cm2]
26 28 30 32 34 36 38 400
50
100
150
200
250
0
2x104
4x104
6x104
8x104
1x105
Self field
I c [A
]
T [K]
Current density [A
/cm2]
Tape dimensions: 3.5 mm x 0.35 mmFilling factor 20%Treated at 900°C for 2 hours in Ar
INFM-Genova, G. Grasso, A. Malagoli, V. Braccini, S. Roncallo, and A.S. Siri, Italy
INFM-GenovaNi-Sheathed MgB2 Tape
Ex-Situ Sintered
Japan Visit: 6-13 January 2002 Paul M. Grant
Magnetic field and temperature dependence of superconducting MgB2/Mg composites
Sintered Nb3Sn at 4.2 K
Japan Visit: 6-13 January 2002 Paul M. Grant
Critical CurrentDensity, A/mm²
10
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Applied Field, T
Nb3AlNb-Ti
2212
2223
At 4.2 K UnlessOtherwise Stated
2212
YBCO
MgB2
Film
YBCO75 K H||a-b
YBCO75 K H||c
1.8 K Nb-Ti-Ta
PbSnMo6S8
1.8 K Nb-Ti
Nb3Sn Tape from (Nb,Ta)6Sn5
Nb-TiHT
Nb-TiAPC
Nb3SnBronze Low Field
Nb3SnBronze High Field
Nb3SnHigh Sn
Critical CurrentDensity, A/mm²
10
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Applied Field, T
Nb3AlNb-Ti
2212
2223
At 4.2 K UnlessOtherwise Stated
2212
YBCO
MgB2
Film
YBCO75 K H||a-b
YBCO75 K H||c
1.8 K Nb-Ti-Ta
PbSnMo6S8
1.8 K Nb-Ti
Nb3Sn Tape from (Nb,Ta)6Sn5
Nb-TiHT
Nb-TiAPC
Nb3SnBronze Low Field
Nb3SnBronze High Field
Nb3SnHigh Sn
YBCO75 K H||a-b
YBCO75 K H||c
1.8 K Nb-Ti-Ta
PbSnMo6S8PbSnMo6S8
1.8 K Nb-Ti
Nb3Sn Tape from (Nb,Ta)6Sn5
Nb-TiHT
Nb-TiAPC
Nb3SnBronze Low Field
Nb3SnBronze High Field
Nb3SnHigh Sn
Peter Lee’s Cosmic Plot (UW/ASC)MA/cm2
10
1
0.1
0.01
0.001
Power Apps30 – 77 K
HEPGenoa25 K
Japan Visit: 6-13 January 2002 Paul M. Grant
1967 SC Cable !
100 GW dc, 1000 km !
Japan Visit: 6-13 January 2002 Paul M. Grant
“Fast Forward” 2025
• An Era of Global Accord Arrives• World’s Population Aspires to an
American Standard of Living• GHG-driven GCC Underway• World Society Requires a Green,
Sustainable Energy Supply• A Safe, Robust, Non-intrusive Energy
Delivery Infrastructure
Japan Visit: 6-13 January 2002 Paul M. Grant
“Boundary Conditions”
• Zero GHG emissions for energy production and personal transportation
• Least environmentally and visually invasive
• Optimal (minimal) utilization of land area for energy production and delivery
• Optimal (maximal) physical safety and security
Japan Visit: 6-13 January 2002 Paul M. Grant
The Solution
• Generation– Nuclear-hydrogen, solar roofs, urban bio-waste
• Transmission– Underground (lvdcsc electricity and hydrogen)
• Distribution– Reversible fuel cell substations + H2 storage– Local H2 and electricity distribution for end use
• End Use– Appliances, Space Conditioning, Transportation
Japan Visit: 6-13 January 2002 Paul M. Grant
The Vision“SuperCity”
National Climate Change Technology Initiative (NCCTI – “Necktie”)
“Absolutely Zero GHG Emissions by 2050”George W. Bush
P.M. Grant, The Industrial Physicist, Spring Issue, 2002
SupermarketSchool Home
Family Car
DNA-to-order.com
Nuclearplant
H2
H2
MgB2
Japan Visit: 6-13 January 2002 Paul M. Grant
Where there is no vision,the people perish… Proverbs 29:18