january 4, 2006union county public schools1 reviewing for the final eoc in civics and economics

January 4, 2006 Union County Public Schools 1

Reviewing for the Final Reviewing for the Final EOC in Civics and EOC in Civics and

EconomicsEconomics


The TestThe Test

There will be 100 total questions on There will be 100 total questions on each test but only 80 are actually each test but only 80 are actually scored. scored.

60 Higher Order Thinking Skills60 Higher Order Thinking Skills 40 Lower order thinking skills40 Lower order thinking skills 10 questions from each goal10 questions from each goal


Civics and Economics

Goal % Value

1 12

2 12

3 6

4 8

5 12

6 12

7 11

8 11

9 10

10 6


Things to Remember and Look Things to Remember and Look Out ForOut For


Best AnswerBest Answer

This means that there are more than This means that there are more than one right answer in the answer set. one right answer in the answer set. You can tell best answer questions You can tell best answer questions because they will have phrases that because they will have phrases that have the following wording and have the following wording and appearance:appearance:

most likelymost likely bestbest most accuratelymost accurately


Negative AnswersNegative Answers

This means that you will not see these This means that you will not see these type of answers on the test:type of answers on the test:

NotNot NoNo ExceptExcept


Court CasesCourt CasesThere are always a few court cases on the test. They There are always a few court cases on the test. They

will be in italics with the date in parenthesis at the will be in italics with the date in parenthesis at the end. It is important to know that typically the date end. It is important to know that typically the date will give away the answer, e.g. all court cases from will give away the answer, e.g. all court cases from 1801-1834 are from the Marshall court and John 1801-1834 are from the Marshall court and John Marshall almost always made a ruling that tried to Marshall almost always made a ruling that tried to strengthen the national/federal government over the strengthen the national/federal government over the state government; court cases from the 1950s to the state government; court cases from the 1950s to the present typically dealt with extending individual present typically dealt with extending individual rights. Court cases will always have the following rights. Court cases will always have the following appearance:appearance:

Gibbons Gibbons v. v. Ogden Ogden (1824)(1824) State State v. v. Mann Mann (1830)(1830) Swann Swann v. v. Board of Education of Charlotte-Board of Education of Charlotte-

Mecklenburg Mecklenburg (1971)(1971) Hazelwood School District Hazelwood School District v. v. Kuhlmeier Kuhlmeier (1988)(1988)


Test Taking StrategiesTest Taking Strategies

Students should look for key terms and phrases in the Students should look for key terms and phrases in the question and the answers. These are capitalized, bold, italics, question and the answers. These are capitalized, bold, italics, etc. etc.

Take short breaksTake short breaks Don’t skip aroundDon’t skip around Don’t be afraid to change your first answerDon’t be afraid to change your first answer Never leave an answer blankNever leave an answer blank Frequently check to make sure that questions match numbersFrequently check to make sure that questions match numbers Mark out incorrect answers.Mark out incorrect answers. Responses that use absolute words, such as "always" or Responses that use absolute words, such as "always" or

"never" are less likely to be correct than ones that use "never" are less likely to be correct than ones that use conditional words like "usually" or "probably." conditional words like "usually" or "probably."

Look for grammatical cluesLook for grammatical clues Formulate your own answer before reading the options.Formulate your own answer before reading the options. Eliminate unlikely answers first.Eliminate unlikely answers first. Select answers that are longer and more descriptive.Select answers that are longer and more descriptive.


Sample DPI QuestionsSample DPI Questions


1.1. How did the Stamp Act, the Tea Act, and the How did the Stamp Act, the Tea Act, and the Intolerable Acts encourage American colonists to Intolerable Acts encourage American colonists to consider revolution against British rule?consider revolution against British rule?

A by ignoring American representatives in A by ignoring American representatives in Parliament on issues of taxes levied in theParliament on issues of taxes levied in theAmerican coloniesAmerican coloniesB by raising taxes in the American colonies without B by raising taxes in the American colonies without granting the colonies any representation in granting the colonies any representation in ParliamentParliamentC by representing an effort in Britain to end the C by representing an effort in Britain to end the slave trade in the coloniesslave trade in the coloniesD by revealing the British plan to expand the D by revealing the British plan to expand the American colonies farther west on the continentAmerican colonies farther west on the continent


1. TEACHER NOTES1. TEACHER NOTESRight Answer-BRight Answer-B

Don’t get caught up in the details of Don’t get caught up in the details of Stamp Act, Tea Act and Intolerable Act. Stamp Act, Tea Act and Intolerable Act. The “and” says that they are all in the The “and” says that they are all in the

same ball park. A student may read the same ball park. A student may read the question, “How did acts encourage question, “How did acts encourage

colonist to consider revolution?” This colonist to consider revolution?” This simplifies the question. Legislation was simplifies the question. Legislation was not liked because it was often “taxation not liked because it was often “taxation

without representation.” This can be without representation.” This can be found on the “Cheat Sheet.”found on the “Cheat Sheet.”


2. Which reason 2. Which reason best best explains why explains why many Anti-Federalists finally agreed to many Anti-Federalists finally agreed to the ratification of the U.S. Constitution?the ratification of the U.S. Constitution?

A the addition of the Bill of RightsA the addition of the Bill of RightsB arguments by George WashingtonB arguments by George WashingtonC a desire to create a better C a desire to create a better relationship with the Federalistsrelationship with the FederalistsD a fear that civil war would break out if D a fear that civil war would break out if the dispute were not settledthe dispute were not settled


2. TEACHER NOTES2. TEACHER NOTESRight Answer-ARight Answer-A

The “The “best”best” should tell the student that this is a should tell the student that this is a best answer format question. They definitely best answer format question. They definitely should read through all answer choices since should read through all answer choices since

there will be more than one right answer. By not there will be more than one right answer. By not reading through all choices the student risks reading through all choices the student risks not seeing a better answer. From the “Cheat not seeing a better answer. From the “Cheat Sheet,” the Anti Federalists wanted a Bill of Sheet,” the Anti Federalists wanted a Bill of

Rights. Other answers that could be considered Rights. Other answers that could be considered correct would be that they wanted to have a correct would be that they wanted to have a

better relationship with the Federalist, but this better relationship with the Federalist, but this is not the best answer and they might have been is not the best answer and they might have been afraid that civil war would break out and this is afraid that civil war would break out and this is

not the best answer either.not the best answer either.


3. What is federalism?3. What is federalism?

A a form of government with elected A a form of government with elected representativesrepresentativesB a division of power between the B a division of power between the national and state governmentsnational and state governmentsC a belief in the idea of national C a belief in the idea of national sovereigntysovereigntyD a form of government in which D a form of government in which elected officials make all economic elected officials make all economic decisionsdecisions



From the “Cheat Sheet” you From the “Cheat Sheet” you know that federalism is a know that federalism is a

division of power between division of power between national and state national and state

governments.governments.


4. Who can prevent the president of 4. Who can prevent the president of the United States from controlling the United States from controlling the Supreme Court by blocking the Supreme Court by blocking appointments to the bench?appointments to the bench?

A state legislaturesA state legislaturesB the Joint Chiefs of StaffB the Joint Chiefs of StaffC governorsC governorsD the SenateD the Senate


4. TEACHER NOTES4. TEACHER NOTESRight Answer-DRight Answer-D

From the “Cheat Sheet” you From the “Cheat Sheet” you are aware of the powers of the are aware of the powers of the president to appoint and the president to appoint and the

powers of the senate to powers of the senate to approve.approve.


5. Which term describes the 5. Which term describes the approval or rejection of a proposed approval or rejection of a proposed constitutional amendment by the constitutional amendment by the popular vote?popular vote?

A recallA recallB initiativeB initiativeC referendumC referendumD censureD censure


5. TEACHER NOTES5. TEACHER NOTESRight Answer-CRight Answer-C

When an amendment is When an amendment is referred to the public for vote, referred to the public for vote,

it is called a referendum.it is called a referendum.


6. Which court case helped to 6. Which court case helped to establish the supremacy of the establish the supremacy of the North Carolina Constitution?North Carolina Constitution?

A A Gibbons Gibbons v. v. Ogden Ogden (1824)(1824)B B State State v. v. Mann Mann (1830)(1830)C C Swann Swann v. v. Board of Education of Board of Education of Charlotte-Mecklenburg Charlotte-Mecklenburg (1971)(1971)D D Hazelwood School District Hazelwood School District v. v. Kuhlmeier Kuhlmeier (1988)(1988)



There is only one answer that has a city There is only one answer that has a city in NC mentioned. That is Charlotte. You in NC mentioned. That is Charlotte. You can rule out answers A and B because can rule out answers A and B because from the “Cheat Sheet” you know that from the “Cheat Sheet” you know that

court cases from 1801 to 1834 establish court cases from 1801 to 1834 establish the supremacy of the National/Federal the supremacy of the National/Federal

government over the state government. government over the state government. Those two answers should be physically Those two answers should be physically

marked out. At worst, it now a 50-50 marked out. At worst, it now a 50-50 guess for the right answer.guess for the right answer.


7. Which propaganda technique 7. Which propaganda technique is represented by the quote, “My is represented by the quote, “My opponent is soft on crime!”?opponent is soft on crime!”?

A name callingA name callingB bandwagonB bandwagonC glittering generalityC glittering generalityD stacked cardsD stacked cards



There is no name calling in the quote so There is no name calling in the quote so answer A can be marked out. Bandwagon answer A can be marked out. Bandwagon

refers to getting on a wagon that is moving in refers to getting on a wagon that is moving in a particular direction concerning public a particular direction concerning public

opinion, e.g. “Everyone is on the bandwagon opinion, e.g. “Everyone is on the bandwagon for this candidate.” C is correct because even for this candidate.” C is correct because even

if one does not know what a glittering if one does not know what a glittering generality might be, glittering means that generality might be, glittering means that

something looks good (looks good when said something looks good (looks good when said in this case-like crime) and generality refers to in this case-like crime) and generality refers to

soft. Soft is general. Thereby glittering soft. Soft is general. Thereby glittering generality is the correct answer.generality is the correct answer.


8. Which is a civic duty required by 8. Which is a civic duty required by U.S. law for 18-year-old male U.S. law for 18-year-old male citizens?citizens?

A registering with Selective ServiceA registering with Selective ServiceB volunteering for a political B volunteering for a political campaigncampaignC serving as a legislative pageC serving as a legislative pageD voting in all electionsD voting in all elections



Immediately, a student should think of Immediately, a student should think of duty and responsibility together since duty and responsibility together since

duty is mentioned in the question. It may duty is mentioned in the question. It may be helpful to circle duty in the question. be helpful to circle duty in the question. You know from the “Cheat Sheet” that a You know from the “Cheat Sheet” that a

duty is something that you must do duty is something that you must do contrasted to responsibility which is contrasted to responsibility which is

something that you should do. It may be something that you should do. It may be easier for the student to immediately easier for the student to immediately

cross the responsibilities-the things that cross the responsibilities-the things that they should do but are not required to do.they should do but are not required to do.


9. “Representatives and direct Taxes 9. “Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several shall be apportioned among the several

States which may be included within States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by Numbers, which shall be determined by

adding to the whole Number of free adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and Service for a Term of Years, and

excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons.” excerpt from U.S. of all other Persons.” excerpt from U.S.

ConstitutionConstitutionArticle I, Section 2, Clause 3Article I, Section 2, Clause 3


9. Which statement 9. Which statement most accurately most accurately explains the significance of theexplains the significance of the excerpt?excerpt?

A For the first time, direct taxes were A For the first time, direct taxes were levied on citizens by the government.levied on citizens by the government.B The U.S. government cannot force B The U.S. government cannot force American Indians to pay taxes.American Indians to pay taxes.C The framers of the Constitution C The framers of the Constitution determined who could be free.determined who could be free.D After many debates, a compromise D After many debates, a compromise was reached on the issues of taxation was reached on the issues of taxation and slavery.and slavery.



The “The “most accurately”most accurately” should tell the student that this should tell the student that this is a best answer format question. They definitely is a best answer format question. They definitely

should read through all answer choices since there will should read through all answer choices since there will be more than one right answer. By not reading through be more than one right answer. By not reading through

all choices the student risks not seeing a better all choices the student risks not seeing a better answer. The excerpt is in t “representatives … answer. The excerpt is in t “representatives …

apportioned… three fifths of all persons” and the title apportioned… three fifths of all persons” and the title address at the bottom tells you that it is in the address at the bottom tells you that it is in the

Constitution. Although the words compromise were Constitution. Although the words compromise were not used in the excerpt, students should associate the not used in the excerpt, students should associate the three fifths phrase with the word compromise and that three fifths phrase with the word compromise and that

can be found in the last answer-something that they can be found in the last answer-something that they would have missed if they had not read all the choices.would have missed if they had not read all the choices.


10.10.


10. Which court correctly 10. Which court correctly completes the diagram above?completes the diagram above?

A United States Court of RecordsA United States Court of RecordsB United States Civil CourtB United States Civil CourtC United States Superior CourtC United States Superior CourtD United States Court of AppealsD United States Court of Appeals



Often, the testers will not ask for Often, the testers will not ask for obscure courts such as the US obscure courts such as the US

Court of Records. They are trying Court of Records. They are trying to reach the most important items. to reach the most important items. Civil and Superior courts refer to Civil and Superior courts refer to state courts. The only major court state courts. The only major court

that is left is the US Court of that is left is the US Court of Appeals.Appeals.


11. Which type of law is being 11. Which type of law is being enforced when the Environmental enforced when the Environmental ProtectionProtectionAgency (EPA) closes a business Agency (EPA) closes a business due to environmental due to environmental contamination?contamination?

A criminalA criminalB administrativeB administrativeC civilC civilD constitutionalD constitutional



The EPA is an agency in the The EPA is an agency in the Executive Branch, therefore it Executive Branch, therefore it

does not make criminal or does not make criminal or constitutional law. Agencies constitutional law. Agencies make administrative laws.make administrative laws.


12. Who has the primary 12. Who has the primary responsibility to inform citizens of responsibility to inform citizens of national government regulations?national government regulations?

A executive departments and A executive departments and agenciesagenciesB senators and representativesB senators and representativesC special interest groupsC special interest groupsD the federal courtsD the federal courts



Since senators and Since senators and representatives have the primary representatives have the primary responsibility of making the laws, responsibility of making the laws,

another branch will have the another branch will have the responsibility of carrying or responsibility of carrying or

enforcing the laws-which means enforcing the laws-which means informing citizens. This is the informing citizens. This is the duty of the executive branch.duty of the executive branch.


13. Which type of cost occurs 13. Which type of cost occurs when an individual pays for a piano when an individual pays for a piano lesson instead of going to a movie?lesson instead of going to a movie?

A opportunity costA opportunity costB marginal costB marginal costC fixed costC fixed costD residual costD residual cost



Once again, the test takers are Once again, the test takers are most likely going to test the most most likely going to test the most

highly covered items from the highly covered items from the curriculum. Opportunity cost curriculum. Opportunity cost

falls into that category. It is also falls into that category. It is also on the “Cheat Sheet.”on the “Cheat Sheet.”


14. Under which economic 14. Under which economic system would factors of system would factors of production production most likely most likely be be owned by the government?owned by the government?

A market economyA market economyB command economyB command economyC traditional economyC traditional economyD mixed economyD mixed economy



The “The “most likely”most likely” should tell the student that should tell the student that this is a best answer format question. They this is a best answer format question. They definitely should read through all answer definitely should read through all answer choices since there will be more than one choices since there will be more than one right answer. By not reading through all right answer. By not reading through all

choices the student risks not seeing a better choices the student risks not seeing a better answer. The “Cheat Sheet” has each of those answer. The “Cheat Sheet” has each of those

mentioned. Tradition is based on tradition, mentioned. Tradition is based on tradition, mixed is based on several different types of mixed is based on several different types of

systems. Governments typically command or systems. Governments typically command or own.own.


15. In a command economy, how are 15. In a command economy, how are the prices of goods and services the prices of goods and services determined?determined?

A market forces of supply and demandA market forces of supply and demandB the central governmentB the central governmentC independent agencies and C independent agencies and independent regulatorsindependent regulatorsD business ownersD business owners



Command, control, Command, control, government make the government make the

decisions for prices, whereas decisions for prices, whereas in a market economy it is in a market economy it is controlled by supply and controlled by supply and

demand.demand.


16. Which term is used to 16. Which term is used to describe a situation where most describe a situation where most people who are looking for work people who are looking for work are able to find a job?are able to find a job?

A full employmentA full employmentB structural unemploymentB structural unemploymentC underemploymentC underemploymentD seasonal employmentD seasonal employment



Full means that the economy is full of job Full means that the economy is full of job seekers but not job availability. It is also seekers but not job availability. It is also

the opposite of the underemployment the opposite of the underemployment answer. This is often a good giveaway, answer. This is often a good giveaway,

when see two answers that are opposites, when see two answers that are opposites, then one of those must be the right then one of those must be the right answer. A student should look for answer. A student should look for

another answer that matches one of the another answer that matches one of the two choices. If one is found then it two choices. If one is found then it

eliminates the similar answer as the right eliminates the similar answer as the right answer.answer.


17. A new technology increases the speed 17. A new technology increases the speed of computers without increasing production of computers without increasing production costs. What is the likely effect of this costs. What is the likely effect of this technology?technology?

A The price of new computers will decline.A The price of new computers will decline.B The price of new computers will increase.B The price of new computers will increase.C The demand for new computers will C The demand for new computers will decline.decline.D The demand for new computers will D The demand for new computers will increase.increase.



What are unlikely answers? They What are unlikely answers? They should be crossed out. A makes should be crossed out. A makes

computers better but they cost (cost computers better but they cost (cost of production) the same. It is unlikely of production) the same. It is unlikely

that the price of computers will go that the price of computers will go down. Since the computers are down. Since the computers are

better because of speed, consumers better because of speed, consumers will probably will want the new will probably will want the new

computers more. A and C can be computers more. A and C can be marked out.marked out.


18. What consumer behavior is the 18. What consumer behavior is the Federal Reserve Board trying to Federal Reserve Board trying to encourage when it implements a encourage when it implements a loose monetary policy?loose monetary policy?

A increased saving and reduced A increased saving and reduced spendingspendingB decreased saving and increased B decreased saving and increased spendingspendingC increased saving and spendingC increased saving and spendingD decreased saving and spendingD decreased saving and spending



Loose monetary policy means that Loose monetary policy means that they are trying to make money easy they are trying to make money easy to get to. It is said to be loose. If the to get to. It is said to be loose. If the

FED wants people to have more FED wants people to have more money in their pocket, then they are money in their pocket, then they are

wanting people to spend more wanting people to spend more money. There are only two answers money. There are only two answers that say increase spending, B and C. that say increase spending, B and C. The FED is not trying to encourage The FED is not trying to encourage

saving.saving.


19. Which action is a civic 19. Which action is a civic responsibility of U.S. citizens?responsibility of U.S. citizens?

A voting during local electionsA voting during local electionsB paying taxesB paying taxesC attending schoolC attending schoolD maintaining securityD maintaining security



Once again, students should place Once again, students should place the word responsibility with the the word responsibility with the

word duty. Contrast that which is word duty. Contrast that which is required with that which is required with that which is

recommended. B, C and D are all recommended. B, C and D are all required. Students should mark out required. Students should mark out

one by one those things that are one by one those things that are required and if unsure then they are required and if unsure then they are

left with a guess.left with a guess.


20. How is a civic action such as voting 20. How is a civic action such as voting different from serving on a jury?different from serving on a jury?

A Voting is more important to democracy A Voting is more important to democracy than jury duty.than jury duty.B All citizens can vote, but only some are B All citizens can vote, but only some are qualified for jury duty.qualified for jury duty.C Jury service is considered a civic duty C Jury service is considered a civic duty while voting is a responsibility.while voting is a responsibility.D U.S. democracy cannot function without D U.S. democracy cannot function without voters, but can exist withoutvoters, but can exist without juries.juries.



Students should guess an answer before Students should guess an answer before looking at the answer choices. “Voting is looking at the answer choices. “Voting is

not required and jury service is not required and jury service is required.” Now look at the answer required.” Now look at the answer

choices. This makes answer C correct choices. This makes answer C correct because it most closely represents the because it most closely represents the

thought that “Voting is not required and thought that “Voting is not required and jury service is required.”jury service is required.”

january 4, 2006union county public schools1 reviewing for the final eoc in civics and economics

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