james evertt frame (1912). a critical and exegetical commentary on the epistles of st. paul to the...

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.
RECON
of
University
College,
Durham
its
van.
the
Commentaries,
but
not
Practical
or
Homiletical
Exegesis.
The
Volumes
will
con-
stitute
a
uniform
series.
D.Lint..
Regius
Professor
of
He-
brew,
Oxford.
sometime
Master
of
University
College,
Durham.
[AOw
Ready.
H.
Charles,
M.A.,D.D.,
sometima
Professor
of
Biblical
Greek
in
the
University
of
Dublin.
THE
EPISTLES
OF
ST.
PAUL
TO
THE
THESSALONIANS
1912
Published
September,
191
51
(5)
Hypothesis
of
Genuineness ....
53
V
250818
Phrases
319
Introduction
to
the
N.
T.
vn
Sources
of
N.
T.
Greek
(1895),
Lft.
(4
Ezra),
that
of
Bensly
and
James.
By
I
is
meant
i
Thessalonians
and
by
II,
2
Thessalonians.
we -sections,
be
and
wicked
(Strabo
323,
330-^;
Lucian,
Lucius
46,
ed.
Jacobitz).
Various
nationalities were
ing
and
by
the
two
let-
hardness
of
an in-
into
an
eternal
fellowship
there
that
they
looked
confidence
that
they
belonged
to
the
poor,
so
poor
indeed
he
at
Philippi.
As
a
nurse
cherishes
her
own
children,
so
in
his
his
is
not
simply
J'.
excessively
anxious
to
the
Jews
themselves.
travelled
to
the
coast
do
not
1911,
159-177)
has
to
come
back;
hinting
of
the
con-
verts.
In
reference
only
concern-
the
power
unto
righteousness
and
Paul
learned
com-
judging
from
the
answer
which
of the weak,
notwith-
standing
the
insinuations
of
the
Jews,
first
three
chapters
are
presence
but
also
the
attitude
of
the
mis-
sionaries
whose
preaching
was
in
the
Spirit
and
whose
behaviour
was
his dear children.
to Gen-
their
hearts;
their
sins
are
filling
up;
less
than
Satan
prevent
their
being
beguiled
in
spiritual
Lord.
in
their
faith,
as
he
prays
constantly
to
be unblemished
they
are
already
purity. He suggests
as
them in
and
the ground
together, with
no advan-
tage the
one over
to
(5 ).
Then
granted
is
cer-
(5^^).
Then
divided:
I.
II.
III.
IV.
epistle.
The
internal
warning
to
the
weak
was
effectual,
being
fortified
by
the
help
excited
idlers,
affected
not
only
come
upon
them.
the
Lord
and
2^).
no
heed
evident
of
the
prayer
Jesus
as
admiration
accorded
to
Christ
reach
loss
to
understand
how
but
truth but con-
God
from
everlasting,
called
and
destined
to
obtain
the
glory
of
Christ.
As
beloved
resist
tempta-
so as to
to
a
stipend
as
an
apostle
of
Christ,
of
the
brother-
pastoral
letter
(3^^).
(4)
Religious
Convictions.
—The
religious
convictions
expressed
day
for
judgment
and
his
confidence
en-
Bacon,
Lake,
and
others
put
before
I
and
it
happens
that
in
II
there
assurance
salvation
(i^-
the
doomed
2^^^
250
words
(including
26
particles
and
14
prepositions).
Of
Rom.
I,
2
Cor.
Gal.).
If
cent)
would
appear
to
be
Pauline;
and
similarly
if
we
added
to
2
(Eph.
V*;
Heb.
10
I
Pet.
2').
—The
19
5^
(II,
Eph.);
xspc-
also not found
elsewhere
in
the
'^;
N. T.,
to
the two
13''
i
Cor.
14 );
BdXxecv
Pauline
from
words
common
to
chiefly in Paul including
in
one
or
more
being
OeaaaXoviKetk^
not an overstatement:
the
appar-
ently
not
in
the
Lxx.
5 ;
with
divine'names
i^
2^^
39-
i'; 8xav
x(p
Geo)
12
2i3;
1;t3v
auv
auxq)
vo:
2' ;
b
ajxa3;j.b;
x'n
i'-xii
y.etpl
rTauXou
3 ;
[li]
ivxax-rjaiQxs
xaXoxotouvxec
apologia
him
but
also,
despite
the
fric-
tion
in
the
brotherhood,
their
increase
in
brotherly
love;
and
to
surprise
as
they
or two
he
the characteristic
appeal for
is
betrayed
tween
a
period
of
founding
writing
of
I.
of
their
faith.
Indeed
the
likely
I.
Grotius
(see
on
II
2^^)
and
others
{cf.
J.
Weiss
on
i
Cor.
16-'
and
see,
for
details,
Liin.
169-173,
Dob.
20-21,
and
ixicuvaYioYTj
(II
2'),
which
is
not
treated
as
Marcion,
that
1909,
215J/'.)
inimicos tales
that
probable {N. T.
are ad-
doubtfully
of
the
authorship
or
to
assume
that
II
proceeds
from
the
hand
not
of
Paul
but
of
a
falsariiis.
As
the
sketch
of
the
history
in
the
years
between
68-70
.\.d.
and
presenting his
the
iniquity
presupposes
literary
relation
of
II
and
I,
treating
figuratively
that its
doubtful.
But
in
Christ
1911',
24-28),
Harnack
{SBBA.
1910,
560-578),
DibeUus
(1911),
Lake
matter
z;.
II
2
1-1-
II
to
premonitory
signs
betrays
a
later
hand.
To
this
objection
it
has
inference
the
teaching
will
herald
the
approach
of
the
Lord.
Signs
and
a
difference
of
emphasis
Anomos
allude
to
1895,
55o_^.
Against
the
contention
of
of
between
II
and
I.
These
similarities,
it
is
contended,
are
so
said
an exhaustive
discussion,
see
Wredp
ifip.
cit.).
for example, xpoCT£ux6tJi.eOof
to
I
xap-
initial
(II
3'«)
epistolary
(IxXoy-^
in
II
is
usually
different
Paul.
The
second
(3^°),
xal
(cf.
2^
wv
II
2
(I
2 )
<
4'
Col.
4«),
and
oxT5pf;6iv
xal
2^'=
(I
5'
Rom.
8-2),
xb
judgment (i );
^-1°.
It
is
not
strange
that
(g)
Finally
it
presupposed by
this true,
the reason
Thess.
In fact,
to put a stop
faint-hearted
who
had
of genuineness, the
they
knew
the
teaching
already,
needed
only
to
be
reminded
of
it.
(3)
Neither
Kern
nor
supposition
two
out
of
the
three
situations
in
one
letter
are
treated
in
a
is
a
of
similar
evidence
from
the
copy
being
impossibility.
(5)
Hypothesis
of
Genuineness.
outline.
Harnack,
however
(op.
cit.),
likeWrede,
is
convinced
that
churches in
begun
as
to
not
only
in
the
light
are irrelevant.
within
the
one
important difficulty
problem;
DibcUus
and
Knopf
{TLZ.
191
1,
455-
457)
speak
hesitatingly.
eyevvjOi^re.
and II complete.
now
at
St.
Peters-
burg.
Edited
by
Tischendorf
(1865).
Contains
I
and
II
1927).
3458/.)
it
agrees
in
many
cases
with
d
{Nov.
Test.
Graece,
1906);
153/.
Pauli, Cambridge,
1880-1882, and
are
Am-
brosiaster and Pelagius. By the former is meant the work on Paul
published
along
(PL.
17);
see
Hebrew and
Luther,
Zwingli,
and
Calvin,
the
greatest
is
Calvin.
whose
Latin
commentary
(1598)
was
followed
of the
great
compilation
Critici
Meuschen).
The
revival
of
Biblical
Handbooks,
1899);
Findlay
(in
Cambridge
Greek
Test.,
1904);
George
Milligan
(1908);
and
Family
Bible
of
Justin
Edwards
(185
1)
may
be
mentioned.
von Dobschiitz.
Griechische
Papyri,
1905;
Wit-
kowski,
Epistidae
graecae
privatae,
1906;
and
MiW.
Selections
from
the
Greek
Papyri,
19
10.
67
Phile. Phil,
may be used
irXrjOo'i
the church
Hence when a
energy.
influences
on
Paul's
conception,
see
Gunkel
(Die
Wirkungendes
Geistes,
1888,
100
Jf.);
Deiss-
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ,
Our
Father.
writes
con-
ev deep
by
the
Semitic
Greek.
elpTjvYj
(Ezra
(Dob.). Most
the imperfections
of Judaizers
his
In
^ ^'^;
Christ
only but also
and
Achaia
but
what
kind
of
taken not
with ixvetav
xoiou[jLevot
proportion
{cf.
2
Cor.
I,
105).
fiveiav
TTOLovfievoL
kt\.
This
participial
clause
defines
iravTore
{cf.
Phile.
4).
eVt
twv
xotetaOat (jLvecx,'
retention
papvTi).
T);jLa)v
in-
—
cf.
1
Mac.
12'-),
tivoj^jLoveuetv
with gen.
elsewhere
the
confident
expectation
of
spiritual
prosperity
after
death,
the
We
have,
however,
Qehq
i^
Col.
i^
the
proclaimed
in
Thessalonica.
is
iiya-K.
uxb
of
address.
The
simple
that
{oTL=
because
as
in
II
3'
Rom.
8
i
Cor.
2'^)
the
Spirit
On
{to
evayyeXcov
2*
and
^/-
with
a
6*)
the
noun.
selfish
interests,
as
the
Jews
65
TrvevfMaTO';
dyiov.
statement
(v.
that
the
readers
the
—
As
he
rare
in
Paul,
is
frequent
unique
in
Gk.
Bib.
(xal
dXtjOivcp
Heb.
9^^
of
13^)
the
children.
the visit we paid
to
make
trary,
as
we
stand
approved
and
rightr-
in
i»
at
Philippi,
and
had
(hence
^/^coi^,
not
fjiou
further
reference
Ps.
173 .
y/icov
and
but
Lightfoot's
phrase,
from the root 12^;
seaport
town
of
Thessalonica
sounds
the
depths
of
the
the
in the sense
in
Gk.
he
received
honour
4'),
vrjinoi.
On
the
undeveloped,
far
Born.
may be
accounted for
vT]xtot
in
the
were glad
natural
association
of
ideas.
The
point
of
the
new
meta-
the
mother;
if
The
')
euSoxeiv
(Judg.
ii^^
1910-
with
construction jJiexaStBdvac t{ xtvt is found
also
in
Rom.
a
dative;
but
cf.
Sir.
15
xal
9.
iJLVTjfiovevere
yap
kt\.
You
remember
of
you, we
ac-
cus.
the
converts
individually
and
elsewhere
in
Lxx.;
holioq,
in
Gk.
Bib.
elsewhere
only
themselves
in
a
211
Polyc. $-.
Paul
3-^
it
in
spite
the
here))
occurs
elsewhere
in
Paul only
3'),
feels
that
xai
support
of
Gal. i'.
superhuman
operations,
usually
divine
but
once
(Eph.
2=)
demonic.
evepYsiaOat
(II
2^
I.
c).
Piscator, Bengel,
the
Thessalonians
Gentiles.
be
correct,
the
force
xoG
Xptjxou
the
xat
correlative
is
preferable,
oppose all
men not,
{cf.
Num.
though
saved
(i
Cor,
i'^
2
Cor.
2'*;
contrast
II
2'
plan.
The
11^^),
or

(De
W.)
; or
-f)
is
supplied
f
is
to
be
observed:
also
Sap.
12
ih
interpolation is
between
our
that the
textual varia-
in
Test,
xii
else-
where
only
eU
tIXos
early
witness
to
the
presence
in
only
power
to
return
to
lend
some
colour
Paul
es-
pecially,
—
that
did
not
betoken
forgetful-
to
return.
not
enforced.
comparative
tends
to
usurp
the
function
of
the
superlative,
while
the
superlative
tends
to
become
an
emphatic
positive
(Bl.
get back
of
Paul
that
the
separation
being
{y'^;
cf.
Col.
2^
i
Mac.
7' )
xoXXfj,
see
on
i'.
The
phrase
ev
xoXX^
sx'.Gufxt?
(Lk.
occasional
in
classic
Gk.
{cf.
Conybeare
and
(3^).
Bi's),
is
uncertain.
Usually
the
four
words
are
taken
together
to
mean
an
indefinite
succession
of
occurrences,
often,
repeatedly
{e.
g.
Grot.
Pelt,Lft.
Wohl.
Dob.),
more,
repeatedly
you sent
of
as
Paul
5^
Acts
24^;
svxox-
Gal.
5^
read
dvixo-ysv
(Sap.
18
4
Mac.
13 ;
cf.
i
a).
The
Job,
Tuveutxaxoi; xoO vuv evepYouvxoq
insists,
with
a
compliment
to
their
excellence,
sometimes
second-century
a.d.
inscription
in
the
In
was
unable
either
to
quench
that
de-
among them would
your
faith.
Ho
prevent
any
one
of
you
from
Christians are destined
affliction,^^
as
indeed
it
a
knowledge
of
your
faith,
fearing
that
the
in
uxoXec'xecv
is
Paul
and
Silvanus
{cf.
^Mill.).
The
{cf.
Dob.
away from
thinking
not
of
his
own
but
of
entire
Paul's
purpose.
be
either
in
apposition
of
purpose
(Bl.
71
2),
or
better
the
pre-
v.
the
plural
to
the
singular
(Kayci))
of writing
report
of
Timothy.
Although
othy comes
(Calvin).
up the deficien-
genuineness
passes
from
the
superscription
(lO
and
the
thanksgiving
(i--3^°)
to
the
prayer
(3''-^^).
Both
the
desire
is
resumed
in Paul's expressions
the taking of the ungram-
frequent
vcrTep/j/jLara
(v.
1°).
The
love
in
which
Christ
will
make
means
increase,
multiply,
abound.
verbs
(cf.
difference of spelling (Zim.).
5txaioauv|2. On
phrase,
in
the
coming
of
our
Lord
Jesus
{cf.
2^^),
is
uncertain,
(i)
In
favour
irapovaLct^
the
time
when
Christ
comes
note of
(4'»);
(3)
Brotherly
and
meaning
of
preceded
(Lft.;
cj.
Dob.
a ques-
to
abound
the
more.
Precisely
Yva,
the
second
apeaiceLv
This
explicit
appeal
to
divine
authority.
the
official
legitimation
is
as
the
converts
had
as
that such im-
consecrated,
that
is,
12 ).
is
construed
with
KTaadat
as
its
com-
as
2
II
business
are
discussed
from
Tropveca
is
the
appreciation
description,
of
an
conclusion, how-
to
the
preceding
predictive
as
in
3^;
on
call-
judges
but
210).
when
in
3^
cf.
Ps.
1421 :
xb
xveGtxa
oou
xb
aycov,
rjfia^)
write
another
(cf.
5^)
or
Athenag. Leg.
i Pet. i .
^Macedonian
Christians,
a
centre
of
in-
fluence
for
Macedonia
as
to
situation
is
to
which
Paul
speaks,
beyond
with
brotherly
love,
is
not
clear.
It
may
be
assumed
want, had asked
precisely wherein the
support (Theodoret,
church. But
is
the
disturbing
factor.
Some
a
passage
(I
4 )
is
to
be
restricted
to
ipydlieaOaO'
The
leaders
were
public
affairs.
idle
and
in
their
want
had
asked
in
Eph.
42*.
Since
Paul's
departure,
one
or
more
of
the
Thessalonian
Chris-
not
when
he
no
instruction
on
this
point
before
the
survivors
happier
for
the
survivors,
a
conclusion
confirmed
from
request
for
information,
Paul
states
that
his
purpose
in
relieving
their
ignorance
is
that
they,
unlike
the
non-
the
effect
that
the
Parousia
(v.
another
with
the
very
words
he
aBeXcpoi^
part.
stress not on
Deiss.
Light,
164;
and
cf.
Mill.
Papyri,
96,
and
Coffin,
Creed
of
Jesus,
mysti-
means
martyrdom
rather
are
(i)
that
and
ev
Jesus
is
God's
better.
On
the
latter
point.
Ell.
to hand over the
have admitted
and
hour
be
unknown.
Calvin
tacitly
admits
to
action
is ex-
once by
and then the
{cf.
Kennedy,
Last
Things,
190).
Teich-
mann
slumber)
really
to
arise.
Paul's
state-
quotes Philo
Bengel
says:
tuba
Dei
adeoquc
magna),
but
to
raise
Morfill and
N.
T.
the
read-
Christ (Col.
everything.
18.
a description
as
that
hope
for
future
salvation,
us
watch
to
day
i Cor.
io )i
to
teach
them
any-
thing
new
believers
general
or
gnomic
{BMT.
12),
not
present
for
future,
25«.
Lord
himself
(by
context)
thief.
But
despite
these
differences,
Bi, and
that
is
not
interfered
with
or
compromised
by
outward
obstacles.
sudden
(ad-
oXeOpo^,
like
Odvaro^
(2
Cor.
with GF,
there would
x6x£,
you as
in
Paul,
especially
in
this
section
{cf.
xocOeuSsiv
and
ypTjyopsIv
overlooks
in
darkness
but
are
^^ ).
forms
the
323
Weiss,
Dob.),
To be sure.
the
equivalent
{cf.
2i«).
essential
to
grammatical equivalent
(Gal. i^ i
pecially the death
Christ
for
us,
Paul
of
that
law, works, etc.
him.
yprfyopcbfxev
and
KaOevhcofxev
are
to
et
or
X,
1055
A,
dq
xo)
eve
money
matters
and
acting
been
refused
rather
tactlessly
with
an
admonition
on
the
ground
that
the
idle
brothers
though
able
were
unwilling
to
sup-
Pas-
because
they
were
likeliest
to
awaken
jealousy
and
resistance
(Lillie)
but
because
they
had
actually
awakened
them.
who
look
after
the
general
welfare
of
are acting
esteem
them
(rjyelcrOaL =
elBe-
by
such
phrases
as
xspl
dydTT]
and
•fjysijGac,
esteem
is
contextually
preferable;
cf.
ev
Furthermore,
etpTjveuexE
ev
auTot?
is
of
course
included).
s^*-
57^^:
especially
to
good
Polyc. 6\
matter how
cf
3
4>».
thanksgiv-
ing
in
every
circumstance
with
the
persecutions
from
without
and
In
this
context,
prayer
would
include
especially
supplication
virep
tcov
Slwkoptcop
exhorts
(eV \picrTa> 'It/ctoO),
Spirit
(cf.
Rom.
15^*
Eph.
4'^
of
Christ)
i Cor.
of
prophecy
is
to
be
despised,
yet
he
recognises
and
insists
equally
as
well,
over
added point of cpcXaSeX^fa;
these
else,
TO
ayaOov),
but from
them
blameless
to
the
end.
peace,
but
God
himself
dytdaat.
xal Bit^vext;^;
not only
differs
from
xb
objection
in
nobis
integra
nisi
ab
primitive),
namely,
that
ruach
is
into
century;
Die
Begrijfe
Fleisch
und
Gcist,
1S79;
Dickson,
be
Tcsumes
dyidaaL,
the
logical
subject
as
{cf.
Deut.
7'
32^,
etc.).
without
xac),
cf.
Rom.
15^
Eph.
6
Phil.
ii9
and
Heb.
13I8.
Both Zim.
4^
Assuming
xat
the kiss,
. That the
which seem to imply
Jratrum
ad
only
read
aloud
but
also
''read,
Thess. could
read,
Sod.
Schriften
des
N.
T.
1,
296
Jf.
{of.
I
pecially
3-^°)
and
Prayer
(w.
219
midst
Thessalonica
exegetical
difficulties
in
3>-^
See
Bacon,
Introd.
72.
Ka6a)<; a^iov
of the progress
of the read-
(I
as
is
rare
he coins them,
of
boasting.
By
cf.
11^
in
his
first
epistle.
in gender with
whole the
simplest. Some
tt;v
by
(Fritzsche,
who
notes
Eurip.
442
have
among
others
frequent
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