j. todd hoeksema stanford university
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Causes and Effects of Superstorms Associated with the Magnetic Field in the Corona and the Heliosphere. J. Todd Hoeksema Stanford University. Premonition of Activity. 14 Days Before CMP!. Observations of Regions 486 & 488. 14D Before. Central Meridian. 14D Later. Far Side. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Causes and Effects of SuperstormsAssociated with the Magnetic Field in the Corona and the Heliosphere
J. Todd Hoeksema
Stanford University
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Premonition of Activity
14 DaysBeforeCMP!
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Observations of Regions 486 & 488
14D Before
Central Meridian
14D Later
Far Side
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The Photosphere
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The Magnetic Field
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Another View of the Surface
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The Coronal Response
Tom BridgmanNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Scientific Visualization Studio
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The Heliospheric Field
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The Heliospheric Field
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Several Rotations
-3
-1
0
+1
+2
+6
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Did the open field line connections change?
Thanks to Yang Liu at StanfordFor the following figures
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Evolution of magnetic field in this period
Central meridian: CR2007_290** degree in Longitude (Sept. 4)
Central meridian: CR2008_290** degree in Longitude (Oct. 1)
Central meridian: CR2009_290**
degree in Longitude (Oct. 28)
Central meridian: CR2010_290** degree in Longitude (Nov. 25)
**Not usual 180 centering
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Evolution of magnetic field in this period
Central meridian: CR2007_290 degree in Longitude (Sept. 4)
Central meridian: CR2008_290 degree in Longitude (Oct. 1)
Central meridian: CR2009_290 degree in Longitude (Oct. 28)
Central meridian: CR2010_290 degree in Longitude (Nov. 25)
Date
(mm/dd/yy)
Time
(UT)
Speed
(cone)
Accel.
(cone)
Flares
(Preliminary)
10/21/03 03:54 1853 -226.5 AR0484 C8/SF
10/28/03 11:30 2319 -135.8 AR0486 X17/4B
10/29/03 20:54 2093 -186.6 AR0486 X10/2B
11/02/03 17:30 2986 -193.3 AR0486 X8/2B
11/04/03 12:06 1020 -40.6 AR0486 C6
11/04/03 19:54 2996 -385.5 AR0486 X28/3B
11/07/03 15:54 2233 -85.0 AR0486
11/11/03 13:54 2436 -340.0 AR0498 M1/SF
11/18/03 08:50 1663 -69.2 AR0501 M3.9
11/18/03 09:50 2720 210.1 M4.5
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AR0464 (0484, 0501) and large-scale magnetic fieldCR2007:290: Sept 4 CR2008:290: Oct 1
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AR0486, AR0488 and large-scale magnetic fieldCR2008:290: Oct 1 CR2009:290: Oct 28
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Extremely fast halo CMEs and active regions
Date(mm/dd/yy)
Time(UT)
Speed(cone)
Accel.(cone)
Flares(Preliminary)
10/21/03 03:54 1853 -226.5 AR0484 C8/SF
10/28/03 11:30 2319 -135.8 AR0486 X17/4B
10/29/03 20:54 2093 -186.6 AR0486 X10/2B
11/02/03 17:30 2986 -193.3 AR0486 X8/2B
11/04/03 12:06 1020 -40.6 AR0486 C6
11/04/03 19:54 2996 -385.5 AR0486 X28/3B
11/07/03 15:54 2233 -85.0 AR0486
11/11/03 13:54 2436 -340.0 AR0498 M1/SF
11/18/03 08:50 1663 -69.2 AR0501 M3.9
11/18/03 09:50 2720 210.1 M4.5
AR0464 (a.k.a. 0484, 0501) emerged within/close to an area with large-scale open magnetic field .
AR0486, together with AR0488, produced a big open field area after they emerged.
The active regions associated with these high speed halo CMEs are closely associated with sources of already open magnetic flux, except AR0498.
In this way the open magnetic field provides an avenue for CMEs to blow out.
?
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AR0498 and large-scale magnetic fieldCR2009:160
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Conclusions
• The photospheric field changed dramatically in CR 2009; October 2003
• Numerous dramatic high-speed CME’s blasted through the corona and heliosphere
• New flux emerged in such a way as to reinforce the existing structure
• New open flux regions had easy access to the heliosphere
• The ambient large-scale structure of the heliospheric current sheet changed very little!
• This is consistent with earlier results of Zhao & Hoeksema, JGR, 1996.