j patil guidelines for preservation of lakes in the city of bangalore

7/22/2019 J Patil Guidelines for Preservation of Lakes in the City of Bangalore

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Preservation of Lakes in the City ofBangalore

Report of the Committee constituted by the

Honble High Court of Karnataka to examine theground realities and prepare an action plan forpreservation of lakes in the City of Bangalore(Honble High Court of Karnatakas Order dated 26/11/2010

in WP NO!1"/200! # others$

Report submitted on 26/02/2011 by the Committee, appointed by the Honble HighCourt of Karnataka ide its order dated 26/11/2010 in !"#$o %1&/200% ' others#

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Sd/-

Chairman

Honble Sri Justice N.K.Patil

Judge, High Court of Karnataa

Chair!an, Karnataa High Court "egal Ser#ices Co!!ittee

Members

Sd/-

Sri K.S.Prabhaara, $%S

Secretar&, 'e#enue (e)art!ent, *oK

Sd/-

Sri %.S.Sadasi#aiah, $+S retd

Chair!an

Karnataa State Pollution Control oard

Sd/-

Sri P..'a!a!urth&,$%S

Chair!anangalore ater Su))l& 0 Seearge oard

Sd/-

Sri $..Sri#asta#a, $+S

Princi)al Chief Conser#ator of +orests, Karnataa State

Sd/-

Sri harat lal 2eena, $%S

Co!!issioner

angalore (e#elo)!ent %uthorit&

Sd/-

Sri Siddaiah, $%S

Co!!issioner

ruhat angalore 2ahanagara Palie

Sd/-

Sri P.N.Srini#asachari, $%S

Secretar&,

2inor $rrigation (e)art!ent, *oK

Sd/-

Sri K.S. Sai aba, $+S

Chief 34ecuti#e fficer

"ae (e#elo)!ent %uthorit&

Sd/-

Sri H..2uunda

(irector, 6on Planning, *oK

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Contents!"S.No Index Page

1 $ntroduction 1

8 Historical acground to the laes of angalore 2

9 "ash!an 'au Co!!ittee for Preser#ation and 'estoration of angalore

"aes and subse:uent de#elo)!ents

5

; 'a)id urbani


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$nnexures!

S.No Index Attached

$ (e#elo)ed laes in the custod& of 2P

$$ "aes being de#elo)ed b& 2P

$$$ %ction )lan for laes to be restored 8@11-1;-2P

$B 'estored laes in the custod& of (%

B "aes under restoration b& (%

B$ %ction )lan for laes to be restored b& (%

B$$ "aes in the custod& of "ae (e#elo)!ent %uthorit&

B$$$ %ction )lan for laes in the custod& of Karnataa +orest (e)art!ent

$ "ist of Dilla Pancha&at laes in angalore Cit&

"aes in the custod& of 2inior $rrigation (e)t., in angalore Cit&

$ "ist of additional tans/untes for #erification in 2P area

$$ "ist of "aes di#erted or ha#e lost their characteristics

$$$ *uidelines 0 2odels for ecological restoration of "aes

$B aste ater treat!ent in angalore Cit& -SS

B %ction )lan for )ro)er aste ater dis)osal in angalore to )re#ent )ollution of ater bodies-

SS

B$ *round ater Eualit& %nal&sis - KSPC

B$$ ater Eualit& 2onitoring b& KSPC

>


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List of $bbreviations used in the Report!

(()"* (ruhat (angalore )ahanagara "alike(+* (angalore +eelopment uthority(!--(* (angalore !ater -upply ' -e.erage (oard

K+* Karnataka orest +epartmentK-"C(* Karnataka -tate "ollution Control (oard+* ake +eelopment uthority("* (angalore nternational irport rea "lanning uthority)C"* )ysore nfrastruture Corridor "lanning uthority) * )inor rrigation)+* )illion itres per +ay-3"* -e.age 3reatment "lant45+* 4nder 5round +rainage

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1. &ntroduction!-eeral "ubli nterest itigations onerning onseration of lakes hae been filed

in the last 1 years before the Honble High Court of karnataka# 3here are standing

diretions of the Honble Court regarding surey of lake areas and remoal of

enroahments, stoppage of se.erage entry into lakes, non7diersion of lake area for any

other purposes et# n ontinuation of its onern for preseration of lakes the Honble

High Court ide order dated 26/11/2010 passed in !" $o#%1&/200% and others has

onstituted a ommittee to e8amine the ground realities and prepare an ation plan for

the preseration of lakes in the City of (angalore# 3he Composition of the ommittee is as

hereunder#

Chair!an

Honble Sri Justice N.K.Patil

Judge, High Court of Karnataa

Chair!an, Karnataa High Court "egal Ser#ices Co!!ittee

Sri K.S.Prabhaara, $%S

Secretar&, 'e#enue (e)art!ent, *oK

Sri %.S.Sadasi#aiah, $+S retd

Chair!an

Karnataa State Pollution Control oard

Sri P..'a!a!urth&,$%S

Chair!an

angalore ater Su))l& 0 Seearge oard

Sri $..Sri#asta#a, $+S

Princi)al Chief Conser#ator of +orests, Karnataa State

Sri harat lal 2eena, $%S

Co!!issioner

angalore (e#elo)!ent %uthorit&

Sri Siddaiah, $%S

Co!!issioner

ruhat angalore 2ahanagara Palie

Sri P.N.Srini#asachari, $%S

Secretar&,

2inor $rrigation (e)art!ent, *oK

Sri K.S. Sai aba, $+S

Chief 34ecuti#e fficer

"ae (e#elo)!ent %uthorit&

Sri H..2uunda

(irector, 6on Planning, *oK

3he ommittee haired by Honble -ri 9ustie $#K#"atil met si8 times on :/12/2010,

16/12/2010, ;0/12/2010, 16/01/2011, ;0/01/2011, 12/02/2011 and finally on 26/2/2011

to finalise and submit the report# n addition, the members of the ommittee met as

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3he report is the ulmination of many inputs from the reords of arious offies and

suggestions of many e8perts#

n this Report, (angalore City is onsidered as o7terminus .ith (+ area of 1;00

-< Km, .hih inludes %00 -< Km area of (()" and >1 -< Km of ()C"# akes

numbering ;%6 situated in this area of 1;00 -< Km are onsidered for restoration, .here

as ground position is to be erified in ase of another 121 Kuntes/akes#

8. Historical Background to the Lakes of Bangalore!(angalore City is loated at an aerage eleation of >00 metre aboe )-# 3he

undulating terrain of (angalore, .ith its hills and alleys proided a ery natural drainage

pattern .ith small streams originating from ridges asading do.n to form ma?or streams

in the three ma?or alleys i#e#, Hebbal, @rushabhaathi and Koramangala ' Challaghatta#

3he City falls into the ategory of semi7arid tropis .ith an annual aerage rainfall of >00

mm, distributed .ell among the -outh7!est and $orth7Aast monsoon# 3he natural

streams .ere interepted at appropriate plaes to reate man made lakes/tanks to apture

the rainfall to meet the irrigation and drinking .ater needs of the ity# Hene eah lake

harests rainfall from the athment and surplus .ater flo.s into the do.nstream lakes#

(angalore ity has no perennial rier nearby and this ould be one of the reasons for

onstrution of series of tanks, most of them during the 16 thentury# 3he earliest history

of reation of lakes in and around (angalore City is traed to the founders of (engaluru,

the Kempe 5o.das and later to the !odeyars of the )ysore Kingdom# 3he iti=ens had

abundane .ater to drink and irrigate their lands and use for seondary purposes also#

n her seminal riti


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settlement .as probably a hamlet of no partiular ommerial or demographi importane

to .arrant the name of an urban setting, funtioning instead as a node that dre. the

surpluses of the agriultural ountryside, and .as dominated by rural notables##### oated

at the ridge top of the main .ater parting of the rkaathi and the -# "inakini riers, the

region relied on tanks .hih .ere onstruted right aross this territory as the prinipal

soure of .ater for agriultural and domesti needs# 3his net.ork of tanks supported

mi8ed farming and market gardening atiities#D

En the anti


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astly hanged# 3he (ritish did not dra. legitimay for their rule from the patronage of

(rahmins and temples, but the supply of .ater to the old and ne. ities .as as important

as in earlier times# 3he 4lsoor tank, )illers tank and Hesarghatta lake sered as

reseroirs for the ity in the nineteenth entury# 3anks re00 .as regarded so

dangerous to publi health, that it re0 that tanks in the (angalore region that roughly orresponds .ith the ()R+

region of today, ontributed 12,:1 ha# of .ater spread 8# 3his is a ritial determinant to

the future of this metropolis as muh of this .ater7spread and the anals that interlinked

them hae been destroyed# 3his has eroded the apaity of these .ater systems to

apture and store the rain that falls only on & days of the year, yet demonstrating

ama=ing resiliene in supporting reharge of ground.ater, thus .ater seurity for the

millions depending on it.

n 1&>1 .hen ord Corn.allis sent a ontingent of (ritish Aast ndia Company

soldiers from ort -t# 5eorge, )adras, to the )ysore -tate to find an alternate route to

-rirangapatna for fighting 3ippu -ultan, the Captain .ho headed the team ame to

(angalore to.n# He .as ama=ed by the limate and enironment of (angalore and

8 angalore (istrict, *a


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desribed it as 0,$+ E/ , 3HE4-,$+ 0,KA-#

+harmabudhi, )illers, -ankey, 4lsoor and Hessarughatta tanks .ere supplying

.ater to the needs of the ity# n the 1>&0s the sheme to pump .ater to the ity, that too

against graity from Cauery rier 100 km a.ay, began to proide piped .ater supply to

the ity#

Aarlier to urbani=ation, these lakes .ere maintained on the traditional ommunity

pattern of o.nership as a ommon resoure, .hih needed regular maintenane in order

to meet .ater needs#

9. Lakshman Rau Committee for Preservation and Restoration

of Bangalore Lakes and 'ubse(uent )evelopments!

+uring 1>%, the 5oernment of Karnataka onstituted an e8pert ommittee

headed by -ri $#akshman Rau to e8amine all the aspets of the preseration,

restoration or other.ise of the e8isting tanks in the metropolitan area of (angalore#

3he Committee made the follo.ing important reommendations#

a 3he e8isting .ater bodies at as reharging resoures to ground .ater on the

do.nstream .hih .ill help to draft .ater through dug .ells/bore .ells meant

for domesti or industrial purposes# 3hese e8isting tanks should not be breahed

but retained as .ater bodies#b Afforts should be made to ensure that these tanks are not polluted by disharge

of effluent and industrial .aste#

c urther, to preent silting up of these lakes, off7shore deelopment is to be

taken up by large sale tree planting and also remoal of enroahments

d 3he tanks .hih hae already been breahed should not be utili=ed for

formation of sites but taken up to reate tree parks#

e A8isting tanks should be de7.eeded and a


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+epartment may be inoled#

i )os


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;. Rapid urbani.ation of Bangalore/ its impact on lakes and the

ground realities

n 1>:1 the population of (angalore .as 0#:1 million and the Citys area .as 2> -%, there .ere about :; disused tanks in (angalore City and these lake lands

.ere utili=ed for arious publi purposes/onerted into house sites or enroahed# 3he

ground realities onerning the preseration of (angalore City lakes an be summed up as

under#

a 3he se.erage net .ork in ore area of (angalore City old ()" areaI is outdated

and not properly net.orked# Conse


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c ake areas hae beome dumping grounds for solid .aste debris, onstrution

.aste et# )ost of the lakes are open areas .ithout fening and .ath ' .ard#

d ake areas are dierted for road making, road .idening in a big7.ay# or e8ample

the outer7ring road onstruted during early 1>>0s has used lake bed area in many

lakes like gara, bbalur, )ahadeapura and $agaara#

e Anroahments are rampant in lake areas due to high alue of land onse


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3he ne.ly added 3o.n )uniipal Counils and illages to the (()" ?urisdition,

hae no 45+ net.ork and the open se.age enters the nearby lakes along .ith

drains meant to arry rain.ater#

l Heay e8tration of earth and sand is also seen in some of the lakes, leaing huge

raters on lake beds#

5. 4he imperatives for Preservation of Bangalore lakes!

3he neessity of lake preseration is more pronouned in the onte8t of

urbani=ation, .hen ity takes more and more illages into its fold as in ase of eer7

gro.ing (angalore City# 4rbani=ation leads to onersion of agriultural lands to non7

agriultural purpose# (ut it does not mean that the lakes that irrigated these lands hae

lost their utility to the ommunity#

a akes hae a greater role to play in urbani=ed areas to apture rain.ater

effiiently to failitate ground .ater reharge, .hih is absolutely re


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=. 5cological Perspective of lake restoration!3he purpose of any lake restoration programme is to keep the area of the

lake intat by remoing enroahments, proide for impounding only lean .ater

and safeguard the eology of the lake# -ome of the eologially sound tehni


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as bird santuaries# n in situ deelopment and management plan should be

dra.n7up by treating eah lake as a uni


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limate moderation, at as lung spaes, .ater for arious purposes, urban

rereation et# 3he City has lost many important lakes due arious diersions

already#

8 ake area is to be sureyed .ith total station as per the illage map and reords#

Anroahments, if any, are to be remoed# s part of surey, boundary stones in

onrete are to be fi8ed in ; to : orners of the surey, to failitate easy future re7

surey .ork of the lake as and .hen re


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5 ake preseration has to be integral to ayout +eelopment by (+ and ayout

approals by deelopment and planning authorities like (", )C",

$elamangala "lanning uthority, Hosakote "lanning uthority et#, as eentually

these areas .ill be part of (angalore ity# (+ should not a


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enroahments, fening and .ath ' .ard# 3here is no point in de7silting and other

deelopments, if lake ontinues to reeie polluted .ater# +ierting se.age is not

an option in the absene of other inlets into the lake to bring rain.ater# +ierting

se.age is leading to drying of lakes as in ase of +oddabommasandra lake, gara

lake et# (!--(s ation plan to separate the se.erage entry in to storm .ater

drains diretly and onse


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of# f lake is used traditionally for .ashing lothes, dhobi ghats are to be

onstruted .hen the lake is taken up for deelopment#

?. $ction Plan

a Preservation and restoration of lakes in BB%P area

3here are 1%> lakes in (()" area, out of .hih 12> are .ith (()", :: .ith

(+, 11 .ith + and .ith K+# 3he summary of lakes deeloped, being

deeloped and to be deeloped is furnished hereunder# ll these lakes are to be

deeloped by the end of 201:#

'l#o

)epartment$lreadyRestored

Restorationin Progress

Proposedfor

Restoration

4otal

lakes&n

custody

aI (()" 1; 1% >% 12>

bI (+ & 6 ;1 ::

I + > 7 2 11

dI K+ 2 0 ;

4otal ;0 ?

(()" an restore the >% lakes yet to be deeloped, if Rs 262 rore is made

aailable, as their internal resoures are ?ust ade


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enroahments and onse

lakes in the ustody of (()", (+, + ' K+# +etails of lakes proposed for

restoration are furnished in $nnexure*&&& +BB%P,/ $nnexure* -& +B)$,/

$nnexure @-&& +L)$,/ $nnexure*-&&& +KA),

$ction! BB%P/ B)$/ L)$/ KA)

4ime frame! By the end of


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201:, .ith the budgetary support from the respetie +epartments# )inor rrigation

+epartment has already made a budgetary proision for surey, remoal of

enroahments and fening of 1% lakes in their ustody under grants from 1; th

Central inanae Commission# 3he list of the 1&> lakes and 1% lakes under Lilla

"anhayath, (angalore 4rban +istrit and )inor rrigation +epartment repetiely is

furnished ide $nnexure* &3 F $nnexure*3

$ction! illa panchayath/ Bangalore Drban )istrict F %inor &rrigation

)epartment

4ime frame! By the end %2 in the ore

area of (angalore ity# 3he total length of smaller diameter se.ers laid in ore area

is around ;;6& Km and trunk se.ers proided is about 2:; Km# +ue to ontinuous

usage oer the years, the e8isting se.erage system is not funtioning properly# 3he

main reasons attributable for this are enroahments made oer the se.er lines at

some plaes resulting in non7maintenane, spillage due to oer load effet, ro.n

orrosion of pipes at some reahes due to gas effet, silting up of se.er lines,

damages aused to the se.er lines running in storm .ater drains et# s a result

the (oard is finding it ery diffiult to oney the entire .aste .ater generated to

the -3"s for treatment before disharging to the nearby lakes and .ater bodies#

3hese main trunk lines and laterals need replaement#

3he ne.ly added eight 3o.n )uniipal Counil areas and 110 illages to

(()" area hae no se.erage net.orkG hene trunk se.ers and laterals are to be

laid out#

(!--( has 1: -e.age 3reatment "lants .ith installed apaity of &21 )+

and these plants are operated at 0N apaity utili=ation as se.erage net .ork is

not omplete# Ene if the se.erage net .orks are upgraded and net.orked

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properly, apaity utili=ation of e8isting -3"s an be optimally utili=ed# !aste .ater

treatment faility of (!--( is furnished ide$nnexure*3&- (!--( has plans to

establish -3"s in 2: more loations .ith additional apaity of 6;> )+, making a

total -3" apaity of 1;60 )+#

3he salient features of eah alley, treatment faility aailable in eah alley,

ation taken for replaement/rehabilitation of the e8isting se.ers, se.erage

net.ork to be proided in the peripheral areas inorporated in (()" is furnished

ide$nnexure 3-#

3he total estimated fund re&2 rore, out of .hih (!--(

has tied up for Rs 16%6 rore and funding of Rs :2%6 rore is yet to be soured#

3he detailed ation plan of (!--( is furnished in$nnexure*3-

$ction! B7''B



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ongoing restoration .orks of lakes# 5eographial nformation -ystem has to be

established for proper planning and monitoring of lake onseration#

$ction! L)$ and Revenue )epartment



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00, $ckno2ledgements!3he Committee is immensely thankful to -ri #@#Chandra -ekhar, "rinipal +istrit '

-essions 9udge, (angalore Rural +istrit and -ri )ustafa Hussain -#, )ember -eretary,

High Court egal -eries Committee for their unstinted support and assistane in

finali=ing the draft#

3he Committee keeps on reord the atie partiipation in deliberations,

suggestions and assistane from -ri @#(alasubramanian, - retdI, Chairman, 3ask ore

for "rotetion of 5oernment andsG -ri R#)#$#-ahai,-, +5, A)"RG

+r#4#@#-ingh,-,CC,+G -ri 5uruprasad, CA, )inor rrigationG-ri )#$#9ayaprakash, -AE,

K-"C(G -ri (#@# -athish, CA, akes, (()"G )s @anashri @ipin -ingh, -, +C, (angalore

4rban +iisionG -ri #4daya Kumar, AE, K-"C(G -ri marnath, +C, (+G -ri @#C#Kumar,

AA, (!--(G -ri Rai, AA, (()"G -ri @# nandG+AE, K-"C(#

3he Committee has organi=ed an interatie session on 11/01/2011# +r $andini,

Chairperson, +ept of Anironmental -ienes, (angalore 4niersityG -ri C#$#(abu, CA

retdIG -ri K#-#Ramas.amy, Chairman, 3C, +G Capt -# "rabhala,Chairman, (angalore

Anironment 3rustG )a?or "ramod Kapur RetdI, Koramangala nitiatieG )s "urnima

Kumar, Researh ssoiate, 3RAAG -ri 9ai )an?unath, -epon -ystemsG -ri )#-ekhar, -,

(angaloreG -ri -umesh +udani, -, (angaloreG -ri R#Ramamurthi, Anironmentalist,

(ellandu, (loreG -ri (oshy Khanna, +$ $e.s "aperG -ri -unil +utt Fada, doate hae

attended the session and offered their aluable suggestionsG the ommittee is grateful to

them#

3he Committee e8tends its speial thanks and appreiation to -ri eo -aldanha,

Conenor, A-5, (angalore and +r -ubramanya, "rofessor, 4-, 5K@K for their aluable

suggestions, partiularly onerning Aologial Restoration of akes, dealt in the report

under hapter >I and nne8ure OI# Eur thanks are due to -ri F#+#)anmohan, -enior

Consultant, -34", for haing proided the re


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12. #a$e %estoration & Photos'engaina$ere #a$e

(e!ore restoration

A!ter restoration

88


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Naga)ara "a$e

(e!ore restoration

A!ter restoration

89


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#a"bagh "a$e

(e!ore restoration

A!ter restoration

8;


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*ebba" "a$e

(e!ore restoration

A!ter restoration

+othan,r -an$ %estored

85


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San$e/ -an$ %estored

""a" #a$e & %estored

87


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Ma""athaha""i #a$e %estored

8=


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j patil guidelines for preservation of lakes in the city of bangalore

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