ivar arana pardo member of national steering comite
DESCRIPTION
Community-Based Adaptation (CBA) Bolivia. Climate Risk Assessment at the Community level i ntegrating community perspectives and utilizing local knowledge. Ivar Arana Pardo Member of National Steering Comite. How measure climate change in Local condition? - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
• How measure climate change in Local condition?• How should be prepared the communities for face to
Climate Change?• Local climate observation integrated to development• Weaknesses community perception of climate
change, social pressures and migration like to indirect effect to climate change.
• Local practices community perspectives and local knowledge climate risk.
• Conclusions
How measure climate change in Local condition?
• Nature observation for understand climate change for communities indigenes.
• Understand relationship between climate, productive systems and ecosystems.
• Historical memory about climate event and their impacts in livelihood.
• Change in floristic composition and wildlife.
Bioindicadores• If Thola (Parastrephia lepidophilla)
flowers early it tells first seeding begin; if it does not Flower The community don’t have first seeding.
• If it has fruit between September and October, They have good production.
• If fruit not finish their mature They have frozen or/and drought.
BIOINDICATOR
• Kariwa When flower between in October – November is meaning that is time a seeding, If it early flower there are seeding early too.
• When flower abundance and yellow is time of seeding for Good production.
• When fox finish their howl is advertence there are not good production.
• But if it not finish their howl it is stopped by stun between their howl adverting the community will have a good production.
• When fox will make their burrow in low land near the lake This meaning that not has a lot of rainfall.
Leke leke
Fox
Wild animals observations
• When this birth make a nestle in high place meaning which a lot of rainfall; But if make in lowland is sure has drought .
• When has eggs put in high point and more big and uniform meaning which better potatoes production; but when it has small point and in less density there will less production.
Pilot experience in two regions of Bolivia like and select by CBA projects.
• Two regions are mountains areas.• Both regions has different particularities in
water supply.• Theses regions has different responses of
communities.• They have high property level.• Also theses regions have problems under actual
condition and additional impact to climate changes which increasing their more properly
Landscape /EcosystemsForest /brush
Naturalgrassland
Water Resource
Soil
Biodiversity
Productive systems
Livelihoods
Familiar incoming
Agriculture
Livestoock
Others
Food security
Energy
Market
Climate change
Climate variability
Education
Health
Cultura
Vulnerability and perceptions to climate change by communities
a) Productive systems are highly dependent on climatic conditions.
b) Lack of access to technologyc) Reliant on subsistence agricultural production.d) Inter-annual and inter-decadal variability has immediate
impact on agriculture activities.e) To long term reduce opportunities in Economic Active
Population and these leave their communities.
Climate Geological Enviroment , Fires, Social
ENSO Multivariate Index with number of emergency declaration
Increased frequency and intensity of extreme events associated with climate variability
Floods, hailstorms, and Floods, hailstorms, and others event produce others event produce serious road and settlement serious road and settlement infrastructure damage infrastructure damage
a) Family incomeb) Technology accessc) Contribution of agricultural production to GDPd) Retreating glaciers and reduction of streamflows.e) Recurrent drought in micro-regions and disturbances in
in animals, plants, and ecosystemsf) Emergence of new pests and diseases in crops and
livestock.g) Increasing ecosystem vulnerability – forest fires, etc.
Proxy indicators – ecological, microclimatic changes that are readily apparent to communities
Perspectives and Local Knowledge in Climate Risk Assessment
• To assess climate change risk is not necessary only to know the behavior of climatic parameters
• One must understand the relationship of the parameter with livelihood and ecological variables that are important to the community
• Social perceptions are evaluated in participative meeting when all participant interchanges experiences – a form of social research.
Food Insecurity related with extreme climate events, temperature increase and others
• Pest and Diseases in Crop Pest and Diseases in Crop
Gorgojo de los AndesPolilla de la papa
Droughts
Hail storms
Frost
Tizón Tardío de la papa
Competition for final destination of food production
• Changes in ecosystem Changes in ecosystem configurationconfiguration
• Recurrent droughts in low lands Recurrent droughts in low lands and unusual areas of Amazoniaand unusual areas of Amazonia
Lost of BiodiversityLost of Biodiversity
Forest degradationForest degradation
TOP DOWNTOP DOWNPROCESSPROCESS
BOTTON UPBOTTON UPPROCESSPROCESS
NATIONAL NATIONAL ADAPTATION ADAPTATION MECHANISMMECHANISM(SECTORIAL) (SECTORIAL)
NATIONAL NATIONAL ADAPTATION ADAPTATION MECHANISMMECHANISM(SECTORIAL) (SECTORIAL)
COUNTIES PILOT COUNTIES PILOT ADAPTATIONADAPTATION
PROJECTSPROJECTS
COUNTIES PILOT COUNTIES PILOT ADAPTATIONADAPTATION
PROJECTSPROJECTS
Nacional
Departamental
Municipal
SaludG
estió
n de
Ries
gos
Organizaciones
de base
PNDGood to living
CBA ProjectContributing to
Adaptation measure implementation
CLIMATE CHANGE INCLUDED IN NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE INCLUDED IN NATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT PLANDEVELOPMENT PLAN
ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES POLICIES
REDUCTION OF GRENHOUSE GASES AND CARBON REDUCTION OF GRENHOUSE GASES AND CARBON SECUESTRATIONSECUESTRATION
Programa de Certificación de reducción de emisiones, secuestro y conservación.
Programa Nacional de Secuestro de Carbono.
Programa de Cambios de Matriz Energética y eficiencia energética para la Reducción de emisiones de GEI.
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION
Programa de prevención de desastres en sectores vulnerables.
Programa de adaptación de sistemas de subsistencia vulnerables. Recursos Hídricos; recursos Energéticos; soberanía alimentaria.
Programas de Educación.
National Climate Change Adaptation Mechanism
Sectorial Programs
Scientific research
Strategic targests
Food SecurityWater Resources
Education, Capacitation, and public awareness
Health
Adaptation measurements Implementación
Ecosystem
CountiesPrefecturas ONGs Universitys Civil Society, comunnities organization
Human Settlement and risk Management
Anthropological aspects and ancient knowledge
Cros
s cu
tting
Pro
gram
s
Strategies Strategic liason
Legal Framework
Help sectorial iniciatives
Mainstreaming climate change
Cros
s cu
tting
Pro
gram
s
ADAPTATION PROCESSADAPTATION PROCESS
Local,Sectorial and National Planning
Implementation
Progress measurement and experiences learning
Disaster Recuperation
Emergency answers
Protection and evacuation
Hazards
DesastreDISASTER
DDEEVVEELLOOPPMMEENNTT
Science
Methods
Policies and decisions
Process
Community Participation
VULNERABILITY ASSESMENT
Strategies and Measurements Implementation
ADAPTACION
Fase I Fase II
POLICIES BUILDING
• BUILDING RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE LIVILIHOOD IMPACTS
Vulnerability Assessment for extreme events impacts and climate change sensitive diseases
Integrate focus Early warning systems development Building Capacities Public awareness raising
Develop adaptive capacity Maistreaming Increase adaptive capacity for long term Building structural scenarios Adjust policy and implmentation in national strategies. Development of concrete adaptation measures – intersectoral and multi-level
Evaluate progress and learn from experience Technological Innovation Emphasize the relationship between the biosphere and the prosperous
development of society
Present and future vulnerability identification
Present and future vulnerability identification
Proactive Behavior of rural comunity
Proactive Behavior of rural comunity
MainstreamingMainstreaming
Understand climate trend for preparing
response
Understand climate trend for preparing
response
DENGUE
SEGUNDO FACTOR DEL INDICE CLIMATICO , EL MAS RELACIONADO CON LA PRECIPITACION
VA
LOR
ES
ES
TA
ND
AR
IZA
DO
S
COMPORTAMIENTO DEL DENGUE CON RESPECTO AL SEGUNDO FACTOR DEL INDICE
CLIMATICO - YACUIBA
REZAGOS EN QUE LA LLUVIA AFECTA EL COMPORTAMIENTO DEL DENGUE. APROX. 8 SEMANAS
SEMANAS EPIDEMIOLOGICAS
CONCLUSIONES
1. Capitalizar el conocimientos ancestrales de las comunidades, es muy importante.
2. Explicar a partir de la ciencia los fenómenos observados en naturaleza.
3. Integrar a la toma de decisiones de la comunidad e incidir en políticas públicas a partir de la experiencia local.
4. Establecer un dialogo entre el saber local y los resultados de la ciencia.
5. Todo integrado a la toma de decisiones podrá garantizar la sostenibilidad