itu-t workshop on tackling climate change and specific absorption rate measurement cotonou, benin,...
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ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate Measurement
Cotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement
2
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
Summary SAR and basic restrictions
Technical Standards
SAR measurement setup
The telecom service provider and SAR
Standard developments
3
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
EMF (Electromagnetic Fields) exposure at Radiofrequency (RF) is primary quantified by means of an internal dosimetry quantity: the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR)
One of the possible definitions:
Deeply used in dosimetry and in biological experiments because it could be measured by means of electric field or temperature sensors
kg
W
t
Tc
2
ESAR
0ti
2
Specific Absorption Rate
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
4
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
Restriction on exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic fields and electromagnetic fields that are based directly on established health effects
Depending on frequency, the physical quantities use to specify these restrictions are current density, SAR and power density
Basic Restrictions
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
5
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
Measurement Standards
Objective: define recommended practice to address in detail how to perform compliance measurements
Measurement Standards key aspects
Measurement system description and requirements
Laboratory requirements
Measurement procedure description and requirements
Uncertainty budget definition
Data reporting
System validation and Inter-laboratory comparisons
Annexes clarifying technical aspects and rationales
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
6
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
IEC 62209-1
Issued in 2005
Detailed measurement procedures and measurement system description, uncertainty evaluations
System validation and system check definitions
Four normative annexes (phantom specifications, calibration of measurement instrumentation, post-processing techniques, System validation) and six informative annexes
Currently under maintenance Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
7
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
IEEE 1528 -2003
Issued in 2003
Detailed measurement procedures, uncertainty evaluations and strong effort to address rationale for setup choices
System validation and system check first time introduced
One normative annex (measurement uncertainty) and seven informative annexes
An updated Standard version positively voted in 2011, not yet published Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
8
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
SAR measurement setup E-field probe
Specific Anthropomorphic Mannequin (SAM)
Robot to move probe
Robot to align DUT
Head simulating liquid inside SAM
Base station simulator
DUT
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
9
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
SAR measurement procedure Alignment positions
SAR tests are performed fixing maximum TX power on DUT
Typically 4 SAR measurements performed at centre frequency, one SAR measurement performed at the lowest frequency and one SAR measurement performed at the highest frequency
Cheek position
Tilt position
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
10
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
Mobile phone alignment
Fully automated system to align DUT (device under test) to Specific Anthropomorphic Mannequin (SAM)
High repeatability and precision achieved
Bioem 2009 (June 2009, DAVOS, CH): S. Pacifico, D. Forigo and M. Francavilla: “A New Positioning System For Cellular Phone Alignment According To IEC 62209-1 And IEEE 1528 Standards”
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
11
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
Single SAR measurement
1. AREA SCAN
2. ZOOM SCAN
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
12
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
Telecom service providers and SAR Verification both on pre-marketing and market equipment
http://www.unglobalcompact.org/system/attachments/16448/original/COP_TI_2011_FINAL.pdf?1342007429 (page 119)
All market terminals tested
The new ones
Samples taken from stocks within the quality inspection verifications
http://www.telecomitalia.com/tit/en/sustainability/performance-targets/telecom-italia-environment.html
http://www.telecomitalia.com/content/dam/telecomitalia/en/archive/documents/investors/Annual_Reports/2011/TelecomItaliaGroupAnnualReport2011.pdf
More than 50 terminals per year are testedFlavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
13
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
Measurement results - 1 A database of handsets measured in 2008 -2009 has been analyzed
A total of more than 100 2G handsets (of which 50 was also 3G) has been considered
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
14
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
Measurement results - 2 Comparison between SAR value and cost of the terminal
10 grams - DCS1800
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
2
cost
Only 2G
2G & 3G
10 grams - UMTS
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
2
cost
Only 3G
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
15
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
TI SAR laboratory activities: accreditation
Telecom Italia SAR laboratory accredited by Italian body ACCREDIA (ex SINAL)
Accreditation according to ISO/IEC 17025:2005
Possibility to perform SAR compliance campaigns not only for internal clients
ACCREDIA latest successfully audit performed in June 2011
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
16
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
TI SAR laboratory activities: round robin tests
Telecom Italia SAR laboratory participated to SPEAG (Schmid and Partner Engineering AG) Round Robin phase II and HEMI (Hand Effect Measurement Interlab) studies
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
17
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”Standard development work: IEC TC106 MT 1/IEEE
ICES TC34Working groups:
IEC TC106 MT 1, Maintenance of IEC 622091-1
ICES TC34, Wireless Handset SAR certification (SC1: Experimental Techniques)
Next face2face meeting: TI Turin, September 11th-14th 2012
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
18
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”Standard development work: fast SAR and test
reduction techniques
**M. Francavilla: “Time reduction to demonstrate SAR compliance of GSM/UMTS mobile phones” BEMS 2011 Meeting, Halifax, CA, June 2011
Great effort in introducing new FAST SAR methods and procedures to reduce overall measurement time*
A statistical based approach is introduced by TI, to reduce the time needed to perform SAR measurements in the case of GSM900, DCS1800 and UMTS band I handsets**
*M.G. Douglas, S. Gabriel, C. Bucher, D. Iliev, J. Kastrati, C. Leubler, M. Meili, K. Pokovic and N. Kuster: “Fast SAR Methods for Electromagnetic Exposure Evaluation of Wireless Devices” EuCAP 2011 Meeting, Rome, April 2011
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
19
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
Standard development work: hand effect
Great effort in evaluating the influence of the hand on SAR
Measurement study
Computational study
Objective is to guarantee proper compliance to the specification in all reasonable use cases
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Mauro FRANCAVILLA
20
| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
ITU-T Workshop on Tackling Climate Change and Specific Absorption Rate MeasurementCotonou, Benin, 19 July 2012
“Benchmark and best practices on SAR limits enforcement”
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