italian history (slides) by f. g.. restauration restauration of old princes after napoleon...
TRANSCRIPT
Italian History(slides)
by F. G.
restauration
Restauration of old princes after Napoleon (1815-1848),age of the Holy Alliance, first attempts of independence
austria
Austria, or the Habsburg Empire, the enemyof Italian independence, the plurinational monarchy, the catholic power
prince of Metternich
Giuseppe Mazzini (1815-72), political thinker, conspirator,leader of the republican and democratic wing of Risorgimento,Founder of “Giovane Italia” and “Giovane Europa”
mazzini
sardinia
House of Savoy, kingdom of Sardinia, Piedmont
King Carlo Alberto
Turin
1848
1848, the spring of nations, the Manifesto of communists, first war of independence, the “Statuto albertino” in Piedmont, victory of Austria (1849), king Carlo Alberto abdicates to the throne.
Karl Marx
vitt ema II
Vittorio Emanuele II of Savoy (1820-1878), “ il re galantuomo”,king of Sardinia, fist king of united Italy, hunter, lover.
cavour
Camillo Benso, count of Cavour (1810-61), Piedmontese, liberal,the prime minister of Vittorio Emanuele II who united Italy
war of Crimea
Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-82), the “hero of the two worlds”,General, patriot, republican, socialist, writer, lover,conqueror of Naples and Sicily (for the Savoy)
garibaldi
1861
1860. II war of independence. The French ally. Austria defeatedItaly unites. The kingdom of Italy (March 1861). Rome missing?
Cavour dies
Napoleon III
south
The Mezzogiorno. North and South. Bandits or rebels?
Garibaldi gives the South to the King of Italy
florence
Florence capital of Italy (1864-70).The “destra storica”, a liberal ruling class
Baron B. Ricasoli Marco Minghetti
1866
1866. Third war of independence. The Prussian ally. Kingdom of Prussia winner in the Austro-Prussian war.Italy defeated both at sea and on the field. Veneto to Italy.
battle of Lissa
battle of Custoza
General La Marmora
Otto von Bismarck
1870
1870. Rome to Italy. End of papal state. Napoleon III defeated by Bismarck1871. Declaration of German Reich.
pio IX
Pius IX. The prisoner Pope. The infallible Pope. The Pope of Syllabus. The enemy of Savoy and liberalism
depretis
Agostino Depretis (1813-87)
1876-87. The “sinistra storica” to power.“Trasformismo?”
1882
1882. The conservative alliance. Austria, Germany and Italy. Rivalry with France on North Africa.
Francesco Crispi(1818-1901, Sicilian statesman, prime minister, former republican, crushed first social movements in Sicily, tried to conquer colonies to Italy in Africa
crispi
The “fasci” siciliani
socialism
The “fourth Estate” / 1892: Italian socialist party
colonies
Italian colonialism
1890. Erithrea and Somalia
Adua 1896. Italian army defeated by ras Menelik
1911-12. Italy conquers Lybia
Italy: a late joiner?
emigration
End of XIX century – first decades of XX: mass emigration1913: 900.000 left Italy to America and Europe
1898
1898. Political crisis. People killed in Milan by soldiers.1900. King Umberto Ikilled by anarchist anarchist
Giovanni Giolitti. Statesman, Piedmontese, the man of compromise
giolitti
industrialisation
1900-1913. Industrial Italy takes off
social unrest
1913. Universal suffrage (for men)1914. Social unrest. The “red week”
GabrieleD’AnnunzioThe “vate”
war
1915-18. Italy joins France and Great Britain, or the fourth war of independence.Trent and Triest. 600.000 soldiers dead
Vittorio Emanuele Orlando (1860-1952), Sicilian statesman and jurist, the “president of victory”. Italy triumphant but..
orlando
D’Annunzio:a “mutilated victory?”
reds
Italy 1920-21.The “biennio rosso”. 1921: Italian Communist Party founded
Vladimir Lenin
Antonio Gramsci
duce
Benito Mussolini, the “duce” of fascism1922. Fascism at power
1929
empire
May 1936 (XIV). Conquest of Ethiopia.The Italian Empire