italian cheat sheet
DESCRIPTION
Italian Cheat SheetTRANSCRIPT
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March, 2010
Note: This CheatSheet was constructed to help me learn Italian. As a tourist, I dont have a need for a comprehensive language course, so,this CheatSheet contains only what I deemed necessary for me to learn. I hope you find it useful.
Bert [email protected]
Also Theres a Windows program available that I wrote to help you drill the words, phrases and verbs download the ZIP file here:
http://www.photobert.com/italian/id.zip
Just unzip both files in ONE folder and run it. (Youll need the .NET 2.0 framework, but that should be installed already on most Windows computers)
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Constructing and Answering Questions Posso poss-o I can / Can I ho una domanda I have a questionPosso avere poss-o av-ay-ray Can I havePossiamo avere Can we haveScusi, posso usare il bagno?
Excuse me, can I use the bathroom?
Ci d chee da Give usQuanto How muchquanto l' How much is itNon posso I cannotNon voglio non voll-yo I dont wantnon lo voglio I dont want itVoglio voll-yo I wantPrendo pren-doh I will takeVorrei vor-ray I would likeNo, non Posso No, I cantNon non notDare To GiveAvere av-ay-ray to havePossiamo poss-ee-arm-o We can / Can weNon Possiamo We cannotVogliamo We wantPrendiamo We will takeVorremmo vor-raym-mo We would likeChe or Che Cos' Kay Whatche cosa ha Ka-cos-aa What do you haveCos' cos-ay What is itCos' quello cosa kway-lo What is thatCos' questo cosa kwes-to What is thisDov' il bagno Where is the bathroomquale Qual-a Whichqual' Qual-eh Which isSi, pu Yes, you canD You GiveMi d You give meLei vuole You would like
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Timea che ora At what timeChe ora kay-or- eh What time is it?nella mattina In the morningnel pomeriggio In the afternoonnella sera In the eveningdi notte At night mezzogiorno It is Noon mezzanotte It is midnight luna It is one oclockLuna 1pm l'una e dieci It is 1:10pmSono le due (sono tre, quarto, etc)
It is 2 oclock (3 oclock, 4 oclock, etc)
Le nove 9pmLotto 8pm mezzogiorno meno dieci Noon minus 10 Its 11:50 amsono Undici e cinquanta 11am plus 50 Its 11:50 am
Fractions of an hour are expressed by e + minutes elapsed. From the half hour to the next hour, time can also be expressed by giving thenext hour meno (minus) the number of minutes before the coming hour. Un quarto (A quarter) and mezzo a half often replace quindici and trenta.Un quarto d'ora and mezz'ora mean a quarter of an hour and half an hour.
To indicate A.M., add di mattina to the hour; to indicate P.M., add del pomeriggio (12 P.M. to 5 P.M.), di sera (5 P.M. to midnight), or di notte (midnight to early morning) to the hour.
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Small WordsA to Al/Alla (masc. / fem.) At the/to the (fem.)del / della (masc. / fem.) Some Dal / dalla (masc. / fem.) From the/by the/of the Sul / Sulla (masc. / fem.) On theNel / Nella (masc. / fem.) In the / Into theDa da From / byDi dee ofPer per Fore (no accent) ay andMa ma Butquesto Thisdove doh-vay WhereDov' doh-veh Where isC' Che There isCi sono chee sono There areQui vicino kwee vee-cheen-o NearbyQuando kwan-doh When
Questo / questiQuesta / queste
Masc Fem
This / these
Quello / quelliQuella / quelle
Kway-lo That / those
eh Is/it isPerch per-kay Why / BecauseQuanto / QuantiQuanta / Quante
Masc Fem
How much / how many
d'accordo Allright or OKChi WhoCertamente CertainlyQualcosa SomethingMio My / mineIn een InMoltoMoltoMoltiMolta Molte
(adverb)(adject. masc sing ) masc plural fem. sing. fem plural
Many (as in molto bene)(as in molto caro)(as in molti soldi)(as in molta bella)(as in molte tazze)
Troppo/i Too much abbastanza Its enoughIo sono I amVostra / Nostra Yours / oursPersona / Persone Person / People, personsPi Pyoo More / pluspi lento Pyoo lento slowerLentamente / lento LEHN-tah-MEHN-tay Slowly / slowvelocemente fastSimpatico Nicefreddo coldscaldare warmCaldo hotaspetti Wait (you wait)Bello/bella/belli/belle (masc. / fem.) BeautifulPiccolo / a / i / e (masc. / fem.) smallGrande largeThe Use withIlLoLaIGli
Le
Sing. Masc words that start with a consonantSing. Masc words that starts with S or Z + a consonantSing. Fem words that start with a consenantPlural Masc or Fem for most words starting w/a vowelPlural Masc words starting with a vowel or S or Z + a consonantPlural for all feminine words
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Verbs
Standard Verbs
Present Conjugation Future Conjugation
First (-ARE) Second (-ERE) Third (-IRE) Third (-ISC) First Second Third (-IRE & -ISC)
Verb: Parl-are Ved-ere Part-ire Cap-ire Parl-are Ved-ere Part-ire
Io parl-o ved-o part-o cap-isco parl-er ved-r part-ir
tu parl-i ved-i part-i cap-isci parl-erai ved-rai part -irai
lei, lui, Lei parl-a ved-e part-e cap-isce parl-er ved-r part -ir
noi parl-iamo ved-iamo part-iamo cap-iamo parl-eremo ved-remo part -iremo
loro parl-ano ved-ono part-ono cap-iscono parl-eranno ved-ranno part -iranno
Abitare (first) to Live in, to Inhabit, to Dwell inAndare (irregular) To Go / will go
io vado / andrlui, lei, Lei va / andrnoi andiamo / andremoloro, Loro vanno / andranno
Aprire (third) to OpenAscoltare (first) to Listen (to)Avere (irregular) to Have / will have
io ho / avrlui, lei, Lei ha / avrnoi abbiamo / avremoloro, Loro hanno / avranno
Bere To Drink / will Drinkio bevo / berrLui, lei, Lei beve / berrnoi beviamo / berremoloro, Loro bevono / berranno
Cambiare (first) to ChangeCapire (third -ISC) To UnderstandCenare (first) To DineChiamare (first) To CallComprare (first) to Buy, to PurchaseDare (irregular) to Give
io do, dlui, lei, Lei dnoi diamoloro, Loro danno
Dire (irregular) to Say / will sayio dico / dirlui, lei, Lei dice / dirnoi diciamo / diremoloro, Loro dicono / diranno
Dormire (third -IRE) To SleepDovere (irregular) to Owe
io devo, debbolui, lei, Lei devenoi dobbiamoloro, Loro devono, debbono
Entrare (first) to EnterEssere (irregular) To Be / will be
io sono / sarlui, lei, Lei / sarnoi siamo / saremoloro, Loro sono / saranno
Fare (irregular) to Do/Make; / will makeio faccio / farlui, lei, Lei fa / farnoi facciamo / faremo
loro, Loro fanno / farannoMandare (first) To SendMangiare (first) To EatMettere (second) To PutOrdinare (first) To OrderPagare (irregular) To Pay
io pagolui, lei, Lei paganoi paghiamoloro, Loro pagano
Parlare (first) To SpeakPartire (third -IRE) To LeaveP ensare (first) to ThinkPotere (irregular) to be Able to, Can / will be able
io posso / potrlui, lei, Lei pu / potrnoi possiamo / potremoloro, Loro possono / potranno
Pranzare (first) to have Lunch, DinePeferire (third ISC) To PreferPrendere To TakeRicevere (second) To ReceiveRipetere (second) To RepeatSapere to Know / will know
io so / saprlui, lei, Lei si / saprnoi sappiamo / sapremoloro, Loro sanno / sapranno
Sedersi To Sit Down / will sit downio mi siedo / mi siederlui, lei, Lei si siede / si siedernoi ci sediamo / ci siederemoloro, Loro si siedono/ si siederanno
Tenatare (first) To TryTornare (first) To ReturnVenire To Come / will come
io vengo / verrlui, lei, Lei viene / verrnoi veniamo / verremoloro, Loro vengono/ verranno
Volere (present) (irregular) to Want / will wantio voglio / vorrlui, lei, Lei vuole / vorrnoi vogliamo / vorremoloro, Loro vogliono/ vorranno
Volere (conditional) (irregular) Would likeI Would LikeHe/she/you/it would likeWe would like
io vorreilui, lei, Lei vorrebbenoi vorremmo
Weather PhrasesC' il sole. / luminoso It is sunny.C' vento. It is windy. nuvoloso. It is cloudy.Fa bel tempo. It is nice.Fa caldo. It is hot.Fa freddo. It is cold.
Il tempo burrascoso. It is stormy.Nevica. It is snowing.Piove. It is raining.Che tempo fa oggi? What is the weather today?Piover oggi? Is it going to rain today?Sar oggi luminoso? Is it going to be sunny today
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Misc NounsLa farmacia la farm-a-chee-a the chemist/pharmicistLa posta la posta the post officeIl treno eel train-o the trainL'albergo lal-berg-o the hotelIl duomo eel dwor-more the churchIl francobollo eel frank-o-bowl-o the stampla cartolina la cart-o-leen-a the postcardIl biglietto eel beel-yay-to the ticketbanca bank-a bankIl duomo eel dwor-mo the churchIl bagno eel ban-yo the bathroomCappotto CoatSedie chairTelefonie/telefonini Telephone/telephonesUn Letto A bedIl Cappello The hatIl Poliziotto The PolicemanLa palla The ballIl PantonoliUn museo The MuseumUn bar A barUna biblioteca A libraryBenzina GasolineChayna supper, dinnerSoldi moneyStasera sta-say-ra tonightMattina mat-teen-na MorningStamattina stam-at-teen-na This morningPomeriggio pom-ay-reeg-eeo AfternoonQuesto pomeriggio kwesto- pom-ay-
reeg-eeoThis Afternoon
macchina Ma-keena carstrada RoadSedia chairindirizzo address
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DaysLunedi loon-ay-dee MondayMartedi mart-ay-dee TuesdayMercoledi merco-lay-dee WednesdayGiovedi gee-o-vay-dee ThursdayVenerdi vayn-ayr-dee FridaySabato sab-a-to SaturdayDomenica du-maynee-ka Sundayquesta sera / stasera this eveningdomani du-man-ee tomorrow oggi TodayIeri Yer-ee YesterdayMattina Mat-teen-na MorningStamattina This morningPomeriggio Pom-ay-reeg-eeo AfternoonA domani A du-man-ee See you tomorrow
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MonthsGennaio jen-eye-o JanuaryFebbraio fe-bry-o FebruaryMarzo mart-so MarchAprile ap-pree-lay AprilMaggio magg-ee-o MayGiugno joon-ee-o June
Luglio loo-lee-o JulyAgosto a-gost-to AugustSettembre set-taym-bray SeptemberOttobre ott-oh-bray OctoberNovembre no-vaym-bray NovemberDicembre dee-chaym-bray December
NumbersZero Za-ro 0Uno oono 1Due do-ay 2Tre tray 3Quattro kwat-tro 4Cinque cheen-kway 5Sei say 6Sette set-tay 7Otto ot-to 8Nove no-vay 9Dieci dee-ay-chee 10Undici oon-dee-chee 11Dodici doh-dee-chee 12Tredici tray-dee-chee 13Quattordici kwat-tor-dee-chee 14uindici kween-dee-chee 15
Sedici say-dee-chee 16Diciasette dee-chas-set-ay 17Diciotto dee-chot-to 18Diciannove dee-chan-no-vay 19Venti vayn-tee 20ventuno 21ventidue 22ventitr 23ventiquattro 24venticinque 25ventisei 26ventisette 27ventotto 28ventinove 29trenta 30trentuno 31
trentadue 32trentatr 33quaranta 40cinquanta 50sessanta 60settanta 70ottanta 80novanta 90cento 100 duecento 200trecento 300quatrocento 400mille 1,000duemille 2,000tremille 3,000millenovecentonovantaquattro 1994
SignsAttenzione! Caution!Pericolo! Danger!Alt! StopAperto / Chiuso Open / Closed
Tirare / Spingere Push / PullIngresso / Uscita Entrance / ExitFreddo / Caldo Cold / HotReservato Reserved
Occupato OccupiedAcqua non potabile Non-potable waterVietato fumar! No smokingDivieto de sosta! No Parking
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Italy Emergency Phone Info: State Police: 112/113 (English) Ambulance: 118 Fire: 115 Coast Guard: 1530
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ExpressionsPer piacere parli lentamente. Please speak slowlyTutto bene tu-to bay-nay Alls wellE lei ay lay and you?anche As well, tooPosso collegarmi con internet?
Can I get on the internet?
Posso andare a piedi poss-o an-dar-ray a pee-ay-dee
Can I walk there (Can I go by foot)
entre En-tree Come inComplimenti comp-lee-men-tee Complimentsnon parlare velocemente
Do not speak fast
Mi scusi me scoos-ee Excuse me (bump)Mi dispiace me dis-pee-arch-ay Excuse me (very sorry)Buona note bwona not-tay Good NightArrivederci ar-ree-vay-dayr-chee Goodbye E' molto che aspetti? Have you been waiting
long?Buona sera bwona sayra Hello (late aft - eve)Buon giorno bwon jorno Hello (morn-late aft)Pronto Hello (on telephone)
or Readyecco Here isCome sta / Come va komay sta How are youPer andare al museo how do I get to the
museum (For to go to the museum)
Com How isLa do La-doe I am giving youSono felice I am happyNon lo so I dont knowNon la capisco I dont understand youla capisco I understand youAllora, In that case / Then,C un telefono pubblico vicino?
Is there a public phone here?
delizioso eh day-leez-ee-o-so Its delicious per lei Its for yousono io Its meNo sono daccordo Its not OK with mepi tardi Pew tard-ee laterSinistra seen-ees-tra LeftSignore see-nuor-ray mancarta della citt Map of the cityAnche io Me toomio marito My husbandmia moglie My wifeNo no No adesso NowL'ufficio turistico Official Tourist OfficeVa bene va bay-nay OK / That's OKPer favore per fav-o-ray PleasePiacere pee-a-chay-ray Pleased to meet youRipete per favore Repeat pleaseRipeta, per favore. Repeat, please.Destra des-tra RightA presto a presto See you soonA domani a do-man-ee See you tomorrowparlare pi lento Speak slowerSempre dritto -or- di dritto
straight ahead
mi dice Mee-dika Tell meGrazie grats-yay Thank youMolto bene grazie mollto bay-nay grats-
yayThank you very much
Gratzie mille Thank you very muchGiri a sinistra jee-ree a seen-ees-tra turn leftaspetti waitCosa desidera cosa day-zee-day-ra What do you want
(What desires you)Che cosa prende kay cosa prend-ay What will you have
(What thing you take)Signora see-nuor-ra womanSi See Yesparla troppo velocemente
You speak too quickly
Prego pray-go Your welcome is commonly used in Italy as a reply to thank you
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Shopping ExpressionsQuanto costa? How much will it costMi deve You owe meLe devo I owe youQuanto le devo How much do I owe
you?un Euro Oon a-urow One Eurodue Euro Two EurosSono tropi soldi Its too much money molto It is a lotSono molte soldi Thats a lot of money troppo Its too muchsono troppi soldi Its too much money qui It is hereQuando apre When do you open?Quando Chiude kew-day When do you close?A che ora apre What time do you
open?Quanto costa un biglietto
kwan-to cost-a oon bill-ee-et-to
How much does a ticket cost
La posso aiutare? Can I help you?Sto solo dando un'occhiata.
I'm just looking.
Lo/li prendo. I'll take it/them.E' tutto. That is all.Vorrei questo. I would like this.Vorrei pagare con la carta di credito.
I'd like to pay by credit card.
Mi pu aiutare? Can you help me?Il prezzo? The price?economico inexpensive
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Metric Conversions1 km 0.62 miles100 km 62 miles1 mile 1.6 km100 miles 161 km10 C 50 F20 C 68 F30 C 86 F37 C 98.6 F40 C 104 F0 C 32 F20 F -7 C30 F -1 C40 F 4 C50 F 10 C60 F 16 C70 F 21 C80 F 27 C90 F 32 C100 F 38 C500 milliliters 16.9 ounces1/2 Liter 16.9 ounces1 Liter 1 Quart + 1.8 ounces4 liters 1 gallon + 7 ounces8 ounces 240 milliliters1 Quart .94 liters4 quarts (1 gal) 3.78 Liters
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Restaurant ExpressionsUna birra A beer Un cappuccino A cappuccino una tazza (oon-ah tah-tz-ah) a cupun forchetta (oon fork-ett-ah) a forkun bicchiere (oon bick-y-air-eh) a glassUna limonata A lemonade Un latte A milk un tavagliolo (oon tah-val-yee-oh-loh) a napkinun panino (oon pan-een-oh) a rollun cucchiaino (oon kook-y-aye-een-oh) a teaspoonUn' acqua A water (Un' is used instead
of Una when word starts witha vowel.)
mandorla (man-door-lah) almondsUn espresso An espressoUn'aranciata An orangeade acciughe or alice (ah-chee-oo-geh OR ah-lee-chay)
anchovies
antipasto (ann-tee-pah-stow) Appetizermela (may-lah) applecarciofi (kar-chof-fee) artichokesasparagi (ass-pair-ah-gee) asparagusmanzo (man-zoh) beefBiscotti Biscuits pepe nero (pep-eh ner-oh) black pepperPane Bread il pane (eel pah-neh) bread colzaione (koh-lah-tsee-oh-neh) breakfast brodo (broh-doh) brothburro (boo-roh) butter lacqua minerale gassata (lah-kwah mee-nair-ah-leh gah-zah-tah)
carbonated water
gas carbonationcaroti (kar-ot-ee) carrotscavolfiori (kavoh-fee-or-ee) cauliflower il formaggio (eel for-mah-joh) cheese formaggi (form-ah-gee) cheese courseciliege (chill-edge-ay) cherriesceci (chay-chee) chick peaspollo (pohl-loh) chicken il caffe (eel kah-feh) coffee (same if plural)grancho (grahn-key-oh) crabPanna Cream Carta di credito credit cardPatatine Crisps / chips crema inglese (kray-mah een-glay-say) custard il dolce (eel dole-che) dessert la cena Dinneranitra (ah-nee-truh) duckmelanzana (mehl-ann-zhan-ah) eggplantgrasso (grah-so) fatfinocchio (fee-nyok-ee-oh) fennelfichi (fee-key) figsUn caff americano filter coffee primo (pree-mo) first coursepesche (peh-shay) fish la forchetta (lah for-ket-tah) fork macedonia (di frutta) mah-chey-do-nee-ah) fresh fruit saladfrutta (froot-ah) fruit aglio (ah-lee-oh) garlic prociutto cotto (pro-shee-yoo-toh kought-oh
ham, cooked
prociutto crudo (pro-shee-yoo-toh krood-oh)
ham, cured uncooked
pepe rosso (pep-eh ro-so) hot red peppersGhiaccio Ice il gelato (eel jeh-lah-toh) ice cream Marmellata Jam / Marmalade il coltello (eel kol-tell-oh) knife
agnello (an-nyel-loh) lambLimone lemonlenticchi (lent-ik-ee) lentilslattuga (lah-toog-ah) lettucearagosta (ar-ah-gohst-ah) lobster pranzo (prawn-tsoh) lunch il latte (eel lah-the) milk antipasto misto (ann-tee-pah-sto mee-sto) mixed appetizersfungi (foon-ghee) mushrooms lacqua minerala naturale (lah-kwah mee-nair-ah-leh na-too-rah-leh)
non-carbonated water
polipo (poh-lee-poh) octopusolio di olive (oh-lee-oh dee oh-lee-veh) olive oilarancia (ah-ran-see-ah) orangeostriche (ost-ree-kay) oysterspiselli (piss-el-lee) peasPepe Pepper peperoni (pep-er-ohn-ee) (not the American pizza topping)
peppers
fagiano (fah-jee-ah-noh) pheasant(il) piatto Platepatate (pah-tah-tay) potatoesquaglia (kwawl-ee-ah) quailconiglio (kon-eel-ee-oh) rabbitriso (ree-soh) riceInsalata saladSale Salt secondo (sek-un-doh) second or main coursefrutti di mare (froo-tee dee mahr-ay) shellfishlumache (loo-mah-keh) snailsDella birra Some beerDel vino Some winezuppa (zoo-pah) soupAspro Sourpiccante Spicy il cucchiahio (eel koo-kee-eye-oh) spoon calamari (kal-ah-mar-ee) squid la bistecca (lah bee-steh-kah) steak fragole (frag-oh-leh) strawberriesZucchero SugarChayna supper, dinnerDolce SweetTavolo TableAcqua del rubinetto Tap waterTe Tea (same if plural)Il bagno the bathroomIl panino the breadrollIl conto the check or the billIl menu the menula pizza the PizzaIl pomodoro the tomatotartufi (tar-toof-ee) trufflesTono tunatacchino (tak-ee-noh) turkeycervo (cher-voh) venison cameriere (cah-mair-ee-air-eh) waiterCon With Senza Without Yogurt Yogurt
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Restaurant Types
Bar (aka Snack Bar)
Caffe' describes espresso. If you are looking for brewed coffee, request un caffe' Americano. It is typical to pay first at the cassa (cashier) and then present the receipt to the barman/barmaid while repeating your order. A small tip (
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CoffeeCaff ExpressoCaff Doppio Double ExpressoCaff Stretto or Ristretto Stronger expressoCaff Freddo Lukewarm or cold expressoCaff HAG brand of decaf coffee - can also be a way to
indicate a decaffeinated coffee when orderingCaff dOrzo Expresso made from barleycaff lungo Large Expresso (less strong)caff corretto Expresso with a liquorcaff macchiato Expresso with a little milkCaff Macchiato Freddo Expresso with milk on the sideCaff Americano Expresso with hot water addedil latte a parte milk on the sideCappuccino Espresso w/ steamed frothy milk Marocchino / Espressino Espresso w/a sprinkling of cacao Latte Macchiato Milk stained with expressoGranita di Caff Icy coffee treatCaff Completo Coffee w/whipped cream & cocaoCaff Shaker Coffee shaken with ice and sugarBicerin Hot chocolate, coffee & frothy milkCaffe con Panna Espresso with fresh-whipped cream
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ColorsMasc Sing / Fem Sing / Masc Plural / Fem Plural
Color
rosso / rossa / rossi / rosse Redgiallo / gialla / gialli / gialle Yellowbianco / bianca / bianchi / bianche Whitenero / nera / neri / nere BlackDorato / Dorata / Dorati / Dorate Goldrosa (same for all forms) Pinkarancione (same for all forms) Orangeverde (same for all forms) GreenBlu (same for all forms) BlueViola (same for all forms) Violetbeige (same for all forms) BeigeMarrone (same for all forms) BrownPorpora (same for all forms) Purple
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Pronunciation
Consonants b like b in boy, but softerc before e or i - like ch in chin otherwise - like c in catch like c in catd like d in dog, but softerf like f in fishge like g in gymnastics g like g in gogh like g in gogl like lli milliongn like ni in oniongu like gu in anguishh always silentl like l in limem like m in men like n in nicep like p in pit, but softerqu like qu in quickr rolled/trilled like r in Spanish or Scottishs When between vowels, like s in nose
otherwise like s in sitschische
like sk in skip
scisce
like sh in shut
sc like sk in skipt like t in tape, but softerv like v in vasez either like ts in spits or ds in padszz like ts in spits
Vowelsa long like a in fathere () short like e in set, or
() long like a in say (always at the end of a word)i like ee in meet or the i in marineo short like o in often, or
long like o in hopeu Like u in rude
Vowel Groups:a, e, o
Strong Vowels
I, u
Weak Vowels
strong + strong: pronounce as two separate syllablesstrong + weak: pronounce the weak one more quickly and with less stress than the strong one, unless the weak vowel in stressed, in which case pronounce it as a separate syllable.weak + weak: generally the second is stressed more strongly
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