it session 1

7/29/2019 IT Session 1

1/24

INTRODUCTIONTO IT ASA

MANAGEMENTTOOL


2/24

COURSE STRUCTURE

20 sessions

Quizzes : 410 = 40 marks

Class Participation : 10 marks

Mid Term Exam : 20 marks End Term Exam: 30 marks


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LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Why organizations should invest in IT based

solution

Should organizations invest in networking and

processing capacity ahead of applications needs, or

be driven by the current business;

What are the major changes that needs to be

addressed in terms of organization and

management;

The different level of activities being performed by

various level of managers and their information

solutions needs.

The latest trends in Information Technology.


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WHYORGANIZATIONSHOULDINVESTIN IT BASED

SOLUTION?

Because the business is changing; competition is

changing; and technology is changing.

Because of emergence of Globalisation,

Liberalisation and Privatisation

Business Process Outsourcing

Knowledge Process Outsourcing

Digital Economy & Knowledge Economy

Organization Level Transformation


5/24

WHYORGANIZATIONSHOULDINVESTIN IT BASED

SOLUTION?

Information technology can help all kinds of

businesses improve the efficiency and effectiveness

of their business processes, managerial decision

making, and workgroup collaboration, thus

strengthening their competitive positions in a rapidlychanging marketplace.

Internet-based systems have become a necessary

ingredient for business success in todays dynamic

global environment. Information technologies are playing an expanding

role in business.


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DIGITAL ECONOMY

Digital Economy is defined as economy based on

Information Technologies including computers,

internet, intranets, and extranets.

Allows management of Digitally-enabled

relationships with Customers, Suppliers and

Employees.


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WHATIS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Collection of

Computer hardware

Software

DatabasesNetworking

and Telecommunication devices

To manage business processes more effectively and

efficiently.


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DATA, INFORMATIONAND KNOWLEDGE

Data is a collection of raw facts.

Information is collection of data arranged in a

meaningful manner that helps in decision making.

Knowledge is the experience and expertisegathered by an individual to interpret information.


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USESOF INFORMATION

Identification

Collection

Controlling

Measuring Decision making


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INFORMATION SYSTEM

System

A group of entities that work together to

perform a predefined goal.

Information SystemA set of procedures that collect, process,

store and disseminate information to support

decision making.


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FEATURESOF INFORMATION SYSTEM

Intrinsic

Accurate

Meet the objectives of the system

Accessibility Should be accessible

Users should be authenticated

Contextual

Representation

Interoperable

Ease of usage

Economical

Flexible and Adaptable


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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Organizations are structured in a many ways, which is

dependant on their objectives and culture.

The structure of an organization will determine the

manner in which it operates and its performance.

Structure allows the responsibilities for differentfunctions and processes to be clearly allocated to

different departments and employees.

Organizational structures are created in such a way that

it aims at maximizing the efficiency and success of theOrganization.

Common organization structures that exist are:

Hierarchical, Flat and Matrix.


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FUNCTIONSOFAMANAGER

Planning

Setting goals and objectives

Determining how to achieve them

Organizing

Division, coordination and control of tasks and flow of

information

Directing Influencing staff through motivation, communication, group

dynamics, leadership and discipline.

Controlling

Evaluating the firms performance against its objectives


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DECISIONS AT DIFFERENT MANAGERIAL

LEVELS

Decisional Roles

Strategic

Management(Top Level)

TacticalManagement(Middle Level)

OperationalManagement(Lower Level)

Decisio

ns

Information

Decision Characteristics

Unstructured

Semi-

structured

Structured


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ORGANIZATIONAL FUNCTIONS

Factors of Production

Accounting and Finance

Human Resource

Sales and MarketingAdministration

R&D


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TYPESOF IS

Transaction Processing System

Office Automation System

Management Information System

Decision Support System Expert System


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TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEMS

It collects, stores, processes and retrieves transaction

data in an organization.

Types of processing

Batch Processing Real Time Processing


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FEATURESOF TPS

Serves mostly at the operational level

Performs daily transactions

Tasks are predefined

Major producers of information Feeder of information to other systems


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APPLICATIONSOF TPS

Manufacturing and Production System

Accounting and Finance System

Human Resource System

Sales and Marketing


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MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

Supports the information needs of the middle level

or tactical level managers.

Gets the information from TPS

Examples: Sales report, inventory system etc


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FEATURESOF MIS

Provide reports to managers on organization

performance

Serves at the control level

Address structured questions Relies on existing data


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DECISIONSUPPORTSYSTEM

Designed for top/strategic level managers for taking

decisions

Features

For semi and unstructured decision making Modeling and knowledge based

Known for effectiveness but not efficiency


23/24

EXAMPLESOF DSS

For fraud detection

Analysis of customer profiles by banks

Used for scheduling, forecasting etc


24/24

THANKYOU

it session 1

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