“It is Science alone that can solve the problems of hunger and poverty….The future belongs to science and to those who make friends with science “ this was said by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.

comfort

Every day use 1.TV2.Internet3.Mobile4.GPS5.Radio6.Weather forecasting7.ATM

1. Natural resources management2. Environmental monitoring3. Disaster management3. Tele Education4. Tele medicine5. Spying

1. Natural resources management2. Environmental monitoring3. Disaster management3. Tele Education4. Tele medicine5. Spying

An orbit is a path that a satellite will take around the Earth, depending on its job.

Orbit Application

Low-Earth orbit Mobile communication, Reconnaissance, Astronomy

Polar orbit Weather, Navigation

Highly elliptical orbit

Communications at orbit northern latitudes

Geostationary orbit Communications, Weather

Take offTake off

First Stage First Stage SeparationSeparation

Second Second StageStage

SeparationSeparation

LEO Injection LEO Injection

CS SeparationCS Separation

SLV ASLV PSLV Geosynchronous Satellite Launch

Vehicle(GSLV)-Mark I&II

Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III

Height 22m 23.8m 49 m 42.4m 44m

Weight 17 t 40t 295t 414t 630t

Pay load and orbit

40kg Low earth orbit

150kg Low

earth orbit

1600 kg in to 620 km Polar Orbit,

1060 kg in to Geosynchronous

Transfer Orbit (GTO)

2 to 2.5 t in to Geosynchronous

Transfer Orbit (GTO)

4t in to Geosynchronous

Transfer Orbit (GTO)

Fuel Solid Solid Solid, Liquid Solid, Liquid, & Cryogenic

Solid, Liquid, & Cryogenic

C-Band Ku-Band

Most commonly used bands: CC--band band (4 to 8 GHz) , Ku, Ku--band band (11 to 17 GHz) , and Ka-band (20 to 30 GHz ).

The first successful satellite launch was by the Sovietsin 1957.

At initial stages main drives for the development were▪ Critical military applications,

▪ national prestige

▪ enabling space exploration In later years, many civilian applications of satellites

have been identified and extensively developed. India is amongst the first few countries to realize the

potential of space technology and its applications.

Space program

SATELLITE COMMUNICATION

WEATHER FORECAST AND

DISASTER MANAGEMENT

MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL

RESOURCES

• CHANDRAYANN, SROSS

• IRS (RISAT-1, OCEANSAT)

• ARYABHATTA, STUDSTAT, ANUSTAT

• INSAT (EDUSAT, GSAT)

GeoGeo--Stationary Stationary SatellitesSatellites

Experimental Experimental SatellitesSatellites

Space Space MissionsMissions

Earth Earth Observation Observation SatellitesSatellites

Earth Observation: Observing the Earth fromspace provides crucial data to supportimportant national requirements, such asweather and warning services, disastermitigation and climate change.

It helps protect and manage our naturalresources for sustainable development andthe future health and prosperity

AGRICULTURE & SOIL

Crop Acreage & Production Estimation

Soil & Land Degradation Mapping

Watershed Development

Horticulture Mission for North-East

AGRICULTURE & SOIL

Crop Acreage & Production Estimation

Soil & Land Degradation Mapping

Watershed Development

Horticulture Mission for North -East

WATERWATER

Potential Drinking Water Zones

Command Area Management

Reservoir Sedimentation

WATERWATERWATERWATER

Potential Drinking Water ZonesPotential Drinking Water ZonesPotential Drinking Water Zones

Command Area ManagementCommand Area ManagementCommand Area Management

Reservoir Sedimentation Reservoir Sedimentation Reservoir Sedimentation Reservoir Sedimentation

FOREST, ENVIRONMENT, BIOFOREST, ENVIRONMENT, BIO

Forest Cover & Type Mapping Forest Cover & Type Mapping

Forest Fire and Risk MappingForest Fire and Risk Mapping

Biodiversity Biodiversity CharacterisationCharacterisation

Environmental Impact StudiesEnvironmental Impact Studies

FOREST, ENVIRONMENT, BIOFOREST, ENVIRONMENT, BIOFOREST, ENVIRONMENT, BIOFOREST, ENVIRONMENT, BIO

Forest Cover & Type Mapping Forest Cover & Type Mapping Forest Cover & Type Mapping Forest Cover & Type Mapping

Forest Fire and Risk MappingForest Fire and Risk MappingForest Fire and Risk MappingForest Fire and Risk Mapping

Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity CharacterisationCharacterisationCharacterizationCharacterization

Environmental Impact StudiesEnvironmental Impact StudiesEnvironmental Impact StudiesEnvironmental Impact Studies

DISASTER SUPPORT

Flood Damage Assessment

Drought Monitoring

Land Slide Hazard Zonation

DISASTER SUPPORTDISASTER SUPPORT

Flood Damage AssessmentFlood Damage AssessmentFlood Damage Assessment

Drought MonitoringDrought MonitoringDrought Monitoring

Land Slide Hazard Land Slide Hazard Land Slide Hazard ZonationZonation

OCEAN

Potential Fishing Zone (PFZ)

Coastal Zone Mapping

OCEAN

Potential Fishing Zone (PFZ)

Coastal Zone Mapping

LAND

Landuse/Land Cover Mapping

Wasteland Mapping

Urban Sprawl Studies

Large Scale Mapping

LAND

Landuse/Land Cover Mapping

Wasteland Mapping

Urban Sprawl Studies

Large Scale Mapping

WEATHER & CLIMATE

Extended Range

Monsoon Forecasting

Ocean State Forecasting

Regional Climate Model

WEATHER & CLIMATE

Extended Range

Monsoon Forecasting

Ocean State Forecasting

Regional Climate Model

Earth ObservationEarth Observation-- ApplicationsApplications

PLANNING COMMISSION• Agro-Climatic Zone Based Planning

(Land Use / Land Cover)

• Agroclimatic Planning Info. Bank-APIB

PLANNING COMMISSION• Agro-Climatic Zone Based Planning

(Land Use / Land Cover)

• Agroclimatic Planning Info. Bank-APIB

GEOLOGY & MINERALS• Vasundara

• GEOISMM

• Coal Fire studies

• Mineral Exploration

GEOLOGY & MINERALSGEOLOGY & MINERALS• Vasundara

• GEOISMM

• Coal Fire studies

• Mineral Exploration

Indian National Centre for Coastal and Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) www.incois.gov.in

Approach for Potential Fishing Zone based onChlorophyll & Sea Surface Temperature have beendeveloped, validated and transferred to IndianNational Centre for Coastal and Ocean InformationServices (INCOIS) for operational use.• 80% success rate is achieved.• 18 controlled experiments shows that search time has

reduced by 60-70%,• Average catch per unit effort has increased 2-4 times.• The average increase in net profit is about 2-4 %

Objectives

•

•

•

•

Objectives

•Improve productive potential of degraded watersheds

•Strengthen community institutions

•Poverty alleviation

•Create alternate livelihood options for vulnerable Group

Modern Technology

• Remote Sensing• Geographical Information System (GIS)• Management Information System (MIS)• SATCOM

Constraints and Problems

• Rainfall - Low, uncertain & uneven

• Recurring occurrence of drought

• Considerable area under wastelands

• High incidence of poverty

• Migration for employment

• Degraded Lands - Erosion, overgrazing

• Lack of infrastructure and facilities

Effectively used for

• Participatory Planning• Implementation• Monitoring & Evaluation• Impact Assessment • Capacity Building

Study

Area

KARNATAKA STATEKARNATAKA STATE

Sujala Watershed Development ProjectSujala Watershed Development Project

• Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission, funded by the Department of Drinkingrecharge

•

• %

• Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission, funded by the Department of DrinkingWater Supply of the Ministry of Rural Development, ground water prospects and rechargezone

• The maps have been used for locating well sites and recharge structures.• The feedback shows that about 275,800 wells have been drilled with more than 90%

success rate 9000 recharge structures have been constructed.

Phase Required Information

Flood preparedness (Before Flood)

-chronically flood prone area-Prior information onprobable flood affected areaswith considerable lead time-Optimum evacuation plans

Relief and Rescue(During Flood)

-flood affected areas-flood damage statistics

Flood Mitigation(After flood)

-Change in the river course-the status of flood control works-river bank erosion -drainage congestion-flood risk zones

Deliverable Utilization

Flood map To map inundatedareas for organizing relief operation

Flood damages- Extent of inundation- Crop area submerged- Number of villages

marooned - Length of road/ railway

network affected

Quick assessment of flooddamages, for providing relief & rehabilitation

Flood control works and river configuration

Strengthening of existing & planning of future flood control works

River bank erosion Planning anti erosion works

Indication of chronic flood prone areas and floodplainzoning

Hazard zonation & floodplain regulation, planning flood control works

Deliverable from satellite

Flood relief action plan

The project also includesmapping1.2. protected

3.4.5. coastal

The project also includesmapping and monitoring1. vital / critical habitats,2. marine protected

areas,3. shore line changes4. impact of sea level rise5. integrated coastal

zone management.

Coastal Zone Studiesproject, &monitoring(i)(ii) coral

(iii) ofZone

Coastal Zone Studiesproject, mapping &monitoring of(i) coastal zone(ii) mangroves and coral

reefs and(iii) development of

Coastal ZoneInformation System

Generation of GlacierMorphological usingmulti IIIsatellite ancillarydata, Glacierinventory whichprovides detailsmainly glacieridentification ofnumber location,elevation, dimensions,orientation,

Generation of GlacierMorphological Maps usingmulti-temporal IRS LISS IIIsatellite images and ancillarydata, Generation of Glacierinventory data sheet whichprovides glacier-wise detailsmainly related to the glacieridentification in terms ofnumber and name, location,elevation, dimensions,orientation, etc.

Systematic observations and measurements on glacial features using glacier inventory maps/layers serves as an input to Himalayan Snow and Glacier Information System and Natural Resources Census Database

Systematic observations and measurements on glacial features using glacier inventory maps/layers serves as an input to Himalayan Snow and Glacier Information System and Natural Resources Census Database

(INFFRAS)

http://applications.nrsc.gov.in/fire/http://applications.nrsc.gov.in/fire/

To meet therequirements of theforest department atfollowing threelevels.Pre fire : Preparatory planning for fire control; During fire : Near real time active fire detection and monitoring; Post fire: Damage and recovery assessment and mitigation planning.

Satellite

1 IRS 1A

2 IRS 1B

3 IRS P1 (also IE)

4 IRS P2

5 IRS 1C

6 IRS P3

7 IRS 1D

8 IRS P4 (Oceansat-1)

9 Technology Experiment Satellite (TES)

10 IRS P6 (Resourcesat-1)

11 IRS P5 (Cartosat 1)

12 Cartosat 2 (IRS P7)

13 Cartosat 2A (IRS P?)

14 IMS 1 (IRS P?)

15 Oceansat-2

16 Cartosat-2B

17 Resourcesat-2

18 Megha-Tropiques

19 RISAT-1

Mission Completed

Crashed, due to launch failure of PSLV

In Service

IRS 1A, IRS 1B, IRS 1C were launched by Russian Launch Vehicle. All other satellites were launched by PSLV

Satellite Communications: Space can be asignificant tool for direct-to-home delivery ofinformation, including TV broadcasting andbroadband services, ensuring universalaccess, in addition to supporting defencecommitments around the world.

Space systems can be used to collectinformation and provide advancedcommunication networks with globalcoverage.

Position, Navigation and Timing: Space basednavigation and timing devices are critical tosmart infrastructure and social, economic andnational security.

They improve the regulation of air traffic andshipping

Provide precision measurements for civilengineering

Agriculture and water management. They assist individuals with navigation tasks and

enable location-based services.

India launched the Satellite InstructionalTelevision Experiment (SITE) in 1975-76 totelecast a series of educational TV programmeson health, family planning, agriculture, and adulteducation covering 2,500 Indian villages via theUS satellite, ATS-6

The Satellite Telecommunication ExperimentProject (STEP), conducted using Franco-GermanSYMPHONIE satellite during 1977-79, wasanother major demonstration of long-distancesatellite telecommunication application ofspace.

BROADCASTBROADCAST

Television Broadcasting

Direct To Home (DTH)

TV & Radio Networking

Speech Circuits On

Trunk Routes

VSAT Connectivity

METEOROLOGICALMETEOROLOGICAL

Meteorological Imaging

Data Collection Platform

Disaster Warning

Tele-health

Tele-education

Emergency Communication

OTHERSOTHERS Mobile Satellite Service

Search and Rescue

Satellite Navigation

DEVELOPMENTALDEVELOPMENTAL

COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION

INSAT-1A First operational multipurpose communication and meteorology satellite

INSAT-1B Identical to INSAT-1A

INSAT-1C Identical to INSAT-1A

INSAT-1D Identical to INSAT-1A. Still in service

INSAT-2A Multi purpose Communication, meteorology andSatellite based search and rescue

INSAT-2B

INSAT-2C Increased to improve communication facilities in remote areas like Northeast and Andaman & Nicobar Islands.

INSAT-2D Communication

INSAT-2DT Communication

INSAT-2E Multi - purpose satellite for telecommunication, television broadcasting and meteorological services.

INSAT-3A Telecommunication, broadcasting and Meteorology

INSAT-3B Communication and Meteorology

INSAT-3C Communication, broadcasting and Meteorology

INSAT-3E Multi - purpose satellite for telecommunication, television broadcasting and meteorological services.

INSAT-4A First in INSAT-4 Satellites series provides services in Ku and C-band frequency bands.

INSAT-4B Communication

INSAT-4C Mission failed

INSAT-4CR Designed to provide Direct-to-home (DTH) television services, Video Picture Transmission (VPT) and Digital Satellite News Gathering (DSNG).

GSAT series

• GSAT-1-Digital audio broadcast, internet services and compressed digital TV transmission

• GSAT-2- Communication

• EDUSAT or GSAT-3 -First dedicated "Educational Satellite"

• GSAT-4- Failure

• GSAT-5P-Failure

• GSAT-8-More accuracy of the positioning information obtained from the GPS Satellite

• GSAT-12-Tele-education, Telemedicine and for Village Resource Centres

19.04.1975

Aryabhata

APPLE

19.06.1981

10.08.1979

RTP

18.07.1980

RS-1

10.01.2007

20.04.2009

ANUSAT

STUDSAT

12.10.2011

SRE-1

12.07.2010

YOUTHSAT

12.10.2011

Jugnu

SRMSat

Designed by Students

Experimental satellites by organization

Experimental / Small Satellites

Aryabhata

APPLE

RTP

RS-1

ANUSAT

STUDSAT

SRE-1

YOUTHSAT

Jugnu

SRMSat

Experimental / Small Satellites

To gain experience in building and operating a satellite in space.

Enabled experimentation in the advanced communications technology.

Second experimental remote sensing satellite.

Used for measuring in-flight performance of second experimental launch of SLV-3.

Demonstrate the capability to recover an orbiting space capsule.

SRMSat: To monitor Greenhouse gases in atmosphereJUGNU : Used to provide data for agriculture and disaster monitoring

YOUTHSAT: For the investigation of the composition, energetics and dynamics of earth's upper atmosphere.

Demonstrate the technologiesrelated to message store andforward operations.

mission to Moonmission to Moon

ASLV Experimental satellites

Satellite based communication and navigationand

resource

of

demonstrator

Satellite based communication and navigationsystems for rural connectivity, security needs andmobile services

Enhanced imaging capability for natural resourcemanagement, weather and climate change studies

Space science missions for better understanding ofsolar system and universe

Planetary exploration Development of Heavy lift launcher Reusable Launch Vehicles - Technology demonstrator

missions leading to Two Stage To Orbit (TSTO) Human Space Flight

Energy

1. Man’s quest for perennial sources of cleanenergy such as solar and other renewableenergies and thermonuclear fusion.

2. Helium-3 from the moon is seen as a valuablefuel for thermonuclear reactors.

3. Mining in planets or asteroids.

Food 1. Locating vegetation area

2.

1. Locating vegetation area

2. Artificial rain

Terrorism1. Technology to detect the bomb.

2. Technology to safe guard nuclearpower plants.

3. Spying the movement of people.

Corruption 1. Technology to monitor corruption

Whether we need to invest money in Spaceexploration ?

For all these above said application we need tobeg for other countries help.

They will sell this to our country. Like petrol and diesel price it will be increasing

day by day. Isro budget is only ~0.34% of central

government expenditure.

No

You people need to tell the importance of space technology.

You people need to teach the common man. You need to involve in the development of

new technologies. You people need to show interest in space

science.

Safety

Security