issued by sintesio; all rights reserved type approval laboratory for electronic communication...

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Type Approval LaboratoryType Approval Laboratoryfor electronic communication for electronic communication

equipmentequipmentBasic Concepts & Requirements

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www.sintesio.org

Scope of the WorkshopScope of the Workshop

Normative, regulatory and standardization frameworksNormative, regulatory and standardization frameworks Basic concepts of Type Approval Test MethodologiesBasic concepts of Type Approval Test Methodologies Conformity Assessment Concepts & RequirementsConformity Assessment Concepts & Requirements

Safety and EMCSafety and EMC Spectral EfficiencySpectral Efficiency Fixed Coommunications (Legacy & NGN) equipmentFixed Coommunications (Legacy & NGN) equipment Mobile Communications equipmentMobile Communications equipment Broadcasting services equipmentBroadcasting services equipment

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Participation

Regulators (Tanzania, Kenya)

Standardisation Bodies (TBS)

Opearators

Sintesio Team - consisting of experts from the industry (EMC, fixed networks, mobile networks, broadcasting), specially selected for this particular project

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Workshop Overview

Introductions

TCRA presentations

Sintesio presentations (general, EMC, safety, broadcasting, mobile networks, fixed networks)

Breakaway sessions

Wrap-up on breakaway sessions

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Results of the WorkshopResults of the Workshop Summary Summary Inputs to Cost Evaluation: Inputs to Cost Evaluation:

Normative, regulatory and standardization Normative, regulatory and standardization frameworksframeworks

Agreement on Basic Conformity asses. conceptsAgreement on Basic Conformity asses. concepts Applicable Type Approval ProceduresApplicable Type Approval Procedures Laboratory RequirementsLaboratory Requirements

Next step(s): Next step(s): Evaluating the cost of Type Approval Lab. Evaluating the cost of Type Approval Lab. Designing the Type Approval LaboratoryDesigning the Type Approval Laboratory

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Current Status

Regulatory Framework well established Type Approval in place Testing limited at the most to field trials Installation personell has to be certified Vendors/ distributors have to be rgistered with the

authority Problem of counterfeit, sub-standard mobile terminals More normative framework still needed More enforcement needed

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Type Approval is ...

Type approvalType approval is granted to a product that meets a minimum set of regulatory, technical and safety

requirements.

Generally, type approval is required before a product is allowed to be sold in a particular country, so the

requirements for a given product will vary around the world.

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Operator Vs “Regulator” Perspective

Operators essentially want to assure revenue and therefore strive to create/preserve value for their customers

While the aim of regulators is to protect the people, the environment and the resources

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Operators do

Performance measurement (KPIs, network element counters, signalling monitoring)

Implementation / protocol conformance testing field trial testing/ drive tests – real environment interoperability testing load testing E2E testing Sometimes have test plants / laboratories and are

better placed to conduct some tests

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Regulators/Governments Enforce

Essential requirements:

- Safety (LVD, SAR, radiated emissions)

- Electromagnetic Compatibility (emissions and immunity)

- Efficient use of radiofrequency spectrum

Other

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Testing

Conformity

- To essential requirements

- Additional, e.g. interoperability, emergency …

Interoperability (Interconnection, interworking, roaming, multiple vendor network)

- Not practical in type approval

- This is a real problem everybody faces

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Conformity Assessment cost depends Conformity Assessment cost depends on a wider Type Approval frameworkon a wider Type Approval framework

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Two dimensions of Conformity Two dimensions of Conformity Assessment costsAssessment costsSubject of the discussion Subject of the discussion of this workshop!of this workshop!

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Different Test & Measurement methods Test methods Applicable for

Type ApprovalMean of Testing

(MoT)Note

Conformance testing

YES Laboratory ISO 9646 test methodology

Interoperability Testing

CONDITIONAL Laboratory/Network

ETSI recommendation

EG 202 237 Spectral

compatibilityYES Laboratory

/NetworkPart of the

R&TTE 1999/05 directiveQoS

testingNO Network Rec. ITU-T X.902

QoS QoE

testingNO Network Statistical methods,

e.g. Mean Opinion Score (MOS)

Acustic

measurement

CONDITIONAL Laboratory Rec. ITU-T P.64, P.79 and

ETSI EG 201 377-2

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Point of Reference: CE mark ApprovalPoint of Reference: CE mark Approval

R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC on radio and telecommunications terminal equipment defines a normative framework for CE mark approval and represents a good example and a point of reference for setting a type approval process on a national and international level. Low Voltage Directive (LVD) – Directive 2006/95/EC Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive – Directive

2004/108/EC radio equipment shall be so constructed that it effectively

uses the spectrum allocated to terrestrial/space radio communication

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R&TTE Requirements

Essential Essential RequirementsRequirements

Directive(s)Directive(s) Standards(s)Standards(s)Presumption of Presumption of ConformanceConformance

Other(s)Other(s)Technical justificationTechnical justification

SafetySafety

EMCEMC

Efficient use of RF SpectrumEfficient use of RF Spectrum

OptionalOptional

3.1.a3.1.a

3.1.b3.1.b

3.23.2

3.33.3

R&TTE … Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment R&TTE … Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment

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Safety StandardsSafety Standards IEC 60065 for Household Audio/Video Equipment IEC 60335 Household and similar electrical appliances IEC 60601 Medical Electrical Equipment IEC 60691 Thermal Links IEC 60730 Automatic Electrical Controls IEC 60745 Hand-held Electric Tools IEC 60950 Information Technology Equipment IEC 61010 Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control and

Laboratory Use IEC 61058 Switches for Appliances IEC 61215 and IEC 61646 for Photovoltaic (PV) Modules IEC 61965 for Cathode Ray Tubes

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Good practiceGood practiceLow Voltage Directive (LVD) 2006/95/EC http://ec.europa.eu/safety

Harmonized standard IEC/ETSI EN 60950• Electric shock • Energy hazards • Fire • Mechanical and heat hazards • Radiation hazards • Chemical hazards • Electric strength • Leakage current • Resistance to fire • Protection from electric shock • Protection from energy hazards • Physical and constructive requirements and more then 400 pages in std. EN 60950

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EMC - What We Need?

EMC standards knowledge measurement equipment laboratory good will (intentions)

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EMC Standards

IEC CISPR 16 IEC CISPR 22 (EN 55022) IEC CISPR 24 EN 300 386 v 1.4.1 EN 61000

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Broadcasting technologiesBroadcasting technologies

VIDEO BROADCASTING (Digital)

TRANSMISSION EQUIPMENT

(Transmitters, Repeaters, Gap fillers)

RECEIVERS(STB's, IdTV's, PC

receivers)

BROADCASTING

AUDIO BROADCASTING (Analogue: AM, FM)

VIDEO BROADCASTING (Analogue)

AUDIO BROADCASTING (Digital: DRM, T-DAB)

PLAYOUT EQUIPMENT(Encoders, Multiplexers,

Terminal equipment)

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TECHNOLOGY

ANALOGUE BROADCASTING DIGITAL BROADCASTING

AUDIOVIDEOAUDIO

T-DAB, DRM

VIDEO

TRANSMISSION EQUIPMENT

(Transmitters, Repeaters, Gap fillers)

RECEIVERS(STB's, IdTV's, PC

receivers)

PLAYOUT EQUIPMENT(Encoders, Multiplexers,

Terminal equipment)NETWORK

DIRECTIVES

STANDARDS

TEST PROCEDURES

R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC(LVD Directive 73/23/EEC (2006/95/EC))

(EMC Directive 89/336/EEC (2004/108/EC))

SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS

(NATIONAL)

EMC: EN 301 489 – 1 v1.8.1, EN 301 489 – 14 v1.2.1SAFETY: EN 60065:2002 + A1:2006, EN 60215:1989 + A1:1992 +

A2:1994

RADIO: EN 302 296 v1.1.1, IEC 244-5 (clause 5.1)

Requirement specifications for DVB-T receivers

Test specifications for DVB-T receivers

GOVERNMENTAL AND REGULATORY

SUPPORT

''INFORMATION CAMPAIGN''

''VERIFICATION PROCESS''

''ASO PLAN''

''PERMANENT TEST PLATFORM''ETSI ETR 290

IEC 60244-1IEC 60244-6

…….

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Testing of receivers

Assuring that the receivers comply with (future!) DVB-T network characteristics

Two approaches are proposed: One-time testing at TAL (testing of one type, preparing

a report, support in solving problems, database support for Communication campaign)

Permanent testing – permanent platform for compatibility and interoperability testing (DVB-T network is a changing environment!) using all approved receivers on the market

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Mobile Communications Systems

1st Generation ( Analogue, e.g. AMPS, NMT, TACS)

2nd Generation (digital, e.g. GSM, PCS)

3rd Generation (IMT-2000/UMTS)

4th Generation (LTE Advanced)

Other (PMR, TETRA etc)

MAIN SCOPE?MAIN SCOPE?

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Main Subsystems

User User Equipmet Equipmet

Access NetworkAccess Network Core Network – Core Network – Circuit SwitchedCircuit Switched

Core Network – Core Network – Packet SwitchedPacket Switched

RadioRadio (Non-Radio)(Non-Radio)..

..

..

UUMM

UUUU Mobility, Call & Session ManagementMobility, Call & Session Management

R&TTE (Including safety & EMC) safety & EMC

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Fixed network equipment

Types of UE Types of NE Softswitch IMS system Core routers L2/L3 switches BRAS IPTV system platform Legacy networks (ATM, FR) SDH, PDH DWDM, CWDM

Access network Broadband MSAN equipment (xDSL, FTTH, POTS, …)

Home Gateway IP phone (IP) PBX POS PC (softphone) Set-top-box (STB)Broadband access

Core and aggregation network

Transport network

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Scope of the Breakaway sessionScope of the Breakaway session

Decide upon TAL framework Which user eqipment and network elements should be

type approved? What test methodologies should be used? Which standards & recommendations should the

equipment comply to?

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Wrap-Up of the Breakaway Sessions – Common

R&TTE Directive is a good point of reference

Technology Independence is important

Phased approach is encouraged

The most problematic issues are to be addressed first (i.e. user equipment, receivers)

(Harmonised) standards and their references to be used wherever possible

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Issues Identified

Counterfeit mobile terminals

- cannot be solved by means of TA as those terminals enter the market illegally

Questionable quality of network equipment, i.e. equipment not meeting the declared operation parametres

- can be solved by menas of TA only to some extent

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Cocluding Remarks

An independent testing facility is important for the region.

Phased approach encouraged. Start with essential requirements and then expand the scope based on the demand

There is adequate regulatory framework but not enough normative framework and, consequently, little enforcement

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Concluding Remarks

Fake phones issue cannot be solved by means of testing and TA alone if they enter the market illegally, i.e. without TA

Operators and regulators should equip themselves with detailed technical (protocols, architecture, testing) knowledge. Ideally by menas of university courses and other “neutral” sources

Operators to concentrate on interoperability, performance and QoS. Signalling monitoring essential

In the beginning, regulators to concentrate on essential requirements

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Discussion

?

[email protected]

[email protected]

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More …

Support Slides

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Conformance for Each OSI Layer!Conformance for Each OSI Layer!

OSI Model

Data unit Layer Function

Hostlayers

Data

7. Application Network process to application

6. Presentation Data representation and encryption

5. Session Interhost communication

Segment 4. Transport End-to-end connections and reliability

Medialayers

Packet 3. Network Path determination and logical addressing

Frame 2. Data Link Physical addressing

Bit 1. Physical Media, signal and binary transmission

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Why safety?Why safety?

Electrical products are now the cause of 80% of all fires.

Technology trend leads to reduction and minimization of electronic circuits.

The concentration of elements and concentration of electric power per mm2 is increasing.

Electrical products can fail and may not guarante full life time.

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Step 1Step 1

Select the product categories

Choose the corresponding standards

Equip the test laboratory,

acquire knowledge and experience

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Step 2Step 2

Enforce safety regulations in the country

Determine the penalty

Implement controls on the market

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How to build the test siteHow to build the test site

Prepare enough place for: Warehouse for measurement and IUT equipment Filtering the Internal AC main power and IT network

(safety fuse and separate distribution) Long term tests (tests can take more than 1 month) Temperature&humidy tests (to assure separate

place for noisy test equipment (temperature&humidity chamber))

AC/AC or DC/DC variation

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EMC definition

Electromagnetic compatibility is the ability of a device, unit of a device or system to function satisfactorily in the electromagnetic environment, without the unacceptable electromagnetic disturbances

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EMC laboratory Dilemma:

• Pre-complianceor

• Compliance test

• OATS (open area test site)or

• EMC anechoic chamber (shielded room)

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EMC laboratory - 2

For civil use or military use

As a help of the domestic electronics industry or just interception of the poor products on the market

big difference for the investor

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EMC laboratory - 3

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Types of Mobile User Equipment

Equipment Types

Access Network – With Radio Parts

-NodeB

- BTS

- Repeater

.

.

.

Terminals / User equipment

-MS

- UE

.

.

.

Access Network – No Radio Parts

-RNC

-BSC

-TRAU

.

.

.

Core Network

- MSC/ VLR

-MSCS/ VLR

-HLR/AuC

-VLR

-SGSN

-GGSN

-EIR

-SCP

-SMSC

issued by sintesio; all rights reserved type approval laboratory for electronic communication...

Documents

type approval type approval

cost of type approval

type approval laboratory

established type approval

interoperability test

safety requirements

mobile networks

concepts agreement