DARA O’SULLIVAN

PCIM 2015

Isolated Gate Drivers for Industrial Motor Drives

®

2

Presentation Outline

► Industrial motor control► Gate drive functionality► Gate driver parts from ADI► System level benefits

3

Motors in Industrial Applications

Water Treatment

Factory Automation

Energy Production

Printing

Pre

cisi

on Pow

er

4

Motor Control in Industrial Applications

Advanced Automation

Heavy Industry

Factory Automation

Cranes & Hoists

Elevators & Escalators

Commercial HVAC

Conveyors

Mining

Textiles

Food Bev. & Tobacco

Other Machinery Sectors

Packaging & Labelling

Printing

Paper & Paperboard

Rubber & Plastics

Woodworking

Machine Tools

Semiconductor

Robotics

Dom

inated by Inverters &

Drives

Dom

inated by S

ervos

5

Motor Control System Architectures

PowerStage

ControlDigital

Velocity

PWM

Inverter

Analog

6

Low Precision

Motor Control System Architectures

PowerStage

ControlDigital

Velocity/Torque

PWM

Drive

Current Monitoring

Bus VMonitoring

Analog

PositionFeedback

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Motor Control System Architectures

PowerStage

ControlDigital

Velocity/Torque/Position

PWM

Servo

Current Monitoring

Bus VMonitoring

PositionFeedback

Analog

High Precision

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Gate Driver Functionality

ACMotor

ACGate

Drivers

PWM

DC+

E

C

G

ControlSignal (Vg-0)

DriveSignal(Vdrv-SN)

DC_gnd

ACMotor

U

V

W

From Phase U

From Phase W

0

Switch Node (SN)

VSN0-3.3V

0-15VPhase V

• Referencing of control signal

• Drive current

• Drive voltage levels

• Isolation

• Withstand large CM voltage swing

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Additional Gate Driver Features

+400V (Shorted)

I nput

nFault

Desat

LOAD

Output

9V

nFaultnReset

Input

Output

CollectorX400V250V

Load Current

Collector

Latch

vSN

Vdc

VBH

Control

3.3V

VBL CgdZdriver

vGEVth

i=Cgd (dVSN/dt)

Spurious turn-on prevention

Short circuit prevention

Asymmetric switching

• Enhanced reliability• Optimised performance

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Gate Driver Isolation Requirements

< ~25A

> ~25A

Isolated ControlNon-Isolated Control

Servos

Hig

h en

d dr

ives

Inve

rter

s –

low

end

driv

es

Drive Performance

Pow

er R

atin

g

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ADuM7223 – Functional Isolated Gate Driver for ½ Bridge Applications

► Functional Isolation Rating LGA-14 - 5x5 mm 3.5mm creepage Input-to-output 1000Vrms input-to-output 1.0mm creepage between outputs 700V output-to-output isolation

► High-speed Gate Driver 4A Peak Drive Propagation Delay – 44 ns, 12ns skew Low voltage operation 4.5V Channel-to-channel matching - 5ns CMTI>25kV/ms Low cost

► Other Features 3 UVLO pre-set options(4.5, 7,5, 11.5V) Thermal Shutdown

VOB

VOA

VDDA

VDDB

GNDA

GNDB

GND1

VIA

VIB

DISABLE

VDD11

4,7

2

5

3

14

13

12

10

9

8

5 x 5 mm, LGA-14

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ADuM4135 Key Features

► Advanced Gate Driver Integrated Miller Clamp Desaturation protection Asymmetric switching Bipolar driver supply capability

► 4A peak drive output capability

► 100kV/ms CMTI

► 16 Lead Wide body SOIC >8mm creepage & clearance

► Low propagation delay (50ns typical), 15ns max skew

► Operating temperature range (-40 to 125ºC)

► Output Voltage Range to 30V

► 50 Year life-time for 500Vrms or 1200V dc working voltage

► Proven iCoupler Isolation (>1 Billion Channels Shipped) UL, CSA, VDE regulatory approvals (Pending)

ADuM4135

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Selection Guide

Product ADuM3220/1 ADuM4223/ 3223 ADuM3123 ADuM7223 ADuM4135 ADuM4136

Features Basic Basic Basic Advanced

Drivers 2 2 1 2 1 1

Peak Output Current 4A 4A 4A 4A 4A, 4A

Output Vdd 18V 18V 18V 18V 35V 35V

Features

Desat Detection, Soft-shutdown

Fault, Ready, Reset

Disable

Bipolar Supply

Miller Clamp

Split Output

Safety

Working Voltage 400Vrms Basic

400Vrms Reinforced

1000Vdc Basic

400Vrms Basic

400Vrms Functional

500Vrms Reinforced

1200Vdc Basic

500Vrms Reinforced

1200Vdc Basic

Creepage 4mm 4mm/ 7.6mm 4mm 3.5mm 8mm 8mm

Package R-8 R-16/ RW-16 R-8 5 x 5 LGA RW-16 RW-16

1 Min Withstand 2.5kVrms 3kVrms/ 5kVrms 2.5kVrms 2.5kVrms 5kVrms 5kVrms

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System Level Benefits – Low Prop Delay Skew

► Blanking or ‘dead time’ must be inserted into the PWM to prevent both being accidentally on at the same time

► Effect of excessive dead time include low speed vibration, torque ripple, and harmonic heating

► ADUM4135 with 15nS prop delay skew allows use of minimal dead time

► Decreases motor current distortion and torque ripple Smoother Motor operation Reduced bearing/coupling wear

Dead time insertion

500ns 1ms

𝑉 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟=𝑡𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑑+𝑡𝑜𝑛− 𝑡𝑜𝑓𝑓

𝑇 𝑆(𝑉 𝑑𝑐−𝑉 𝑠𝑎𝑡+𝑉 𝑑 )+

𝑉 𝑠𝑎𝑡+𝑉 𝑑

2

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► Short Circuit Withstand time of IGBT’s is decreasing

► Delay in Signalling of Overcurrent/Error status and subsequent response must decrease in response

► ADum4135 Delay time of 50nS is ~ 10% of delay associated with similar optocouplers (>500nS)

► Allows reduced IGBT size, saves on system board space/cost

System Level Beneifts - Low Propagation Delay

► Evaluation Boards EVAL-ADUM4135Z EVAL-ADUM4136Z

► Access to all Status signals

► Outputs for connection to Power switch board

► User configurable external components

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ADuM4135 Family Resources

Product Data Sheets

App Notes and Training Videos(in development)

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System Platforms

► Isolated Inverter Platform– Flexible subsystem platform with significant

connectivity and evaluation capability– Isolated current and voltage measurement and

feedback using sigma-delta modulators– Earth-referenced controller and communications– Open loop or sensorless motor control development– Isolated IGBT gate drivers – ADuM4223 (-ISOINV)

and ADuM4135 (-ISOINVEP)– Gate driver power supplies reference design

http://www.analog.com – Go to Design Center and search for Isolated Inverter

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Further Education

► www.analog.com/webcasts

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Elektronik Cover Story PCIM Europe

► Gate Drive and Current Feedback Signal Isolation in Industrial Motor Drives

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Thanks for listening..

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Additional Slides

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Min or Max ADuM413x HCPL-316J ACPL-330J 1ED020I12

Working voltage 500Vrms1200Vdc

VIORM = 1kVrms

VIORM = 1kVrms VIORM = 1kVrms

1 minute withstand 5kVrms 5kVrms 5kVrms 3.75kVrmsVDD2 30V 30V 30V 28VVDD1 2.3 to 5.5V 4.5 to 5.5V - 4.5 to 5.5VPropagation delay 50ns typ 500ns 250ns 195nsFault Response time 50ns 3us 1.25us 2.25usCMTI 100kV/ms 15kV/ms 15 or 50 kV/ms 50kVmsPeak Current 4A 2A 1.5A 1.5ARds-on 1W max 1.2 W typ 0.7/1.6W typMiller clamp X - X X

Desaturation X X X XTemperature range -40 to 125 C -40 – 100C -40 to 105C -40 to 105C

Split Output X - - -

ADuM413x versus Competitive Solutions

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ADuM4135 CMTI/Prop Delay versus competitors

50nS

100nS

150nS

200nS

250nS+

25kV/uS 50kV/uS 75kV/uS 100kV/uS

ADuM4135

Competitor B

Competitor B

Competitor A

CMTI

Prop

agat

ion

Del

ay

Competitor C