islamic glossary ( dictionary )

8/6/2019 Islamic Glossary ( Dictionary )

1/35

ISLAMIC GLOSSARY

Verbal English equivalents and explanations are given for the purpose of helping the reader develop some initial notionconcerning such technical Islamic terms, although their meanings would require considerable background to understand.

-A-

bid:

One who worships much; devoted.

Ad:

Performing acts of worship, such as salt, fasting, hajj or zakt, in their appointed times.

Adab: (pl. db)

There is a special adab in doing everything. The adab of doing something means to follow the cond itions necessary for doingit in the best way.

Adhn:

At each namz time, a Muslim goes up the minaret and calls all Muslims to namz. He has to recite prescribed words.

dil:

A Sunn Muslim who avoids grave sins and who does not habitually commit venial sins.

Adilla ash-Shariyya:

The sources from which Islamic rules were derived: the Book (The Qurn al -karm), the Sunna, qiyas al-fuqah, and ijmal-Umma.

Afdal:

It means more meritorious.

Ahdth: pl. of hadth.

Ahd-i Atik:

The Old Testament.

Ahd-i Jadid:

The New Testament.

Ahkm:

Rules, conclusions.

Ahl:

People.

Ahl al-Bait:


2/35

Immediate relatives of the Prophet: (according to most ulam) Al (first cousin and son -in-law), Ftima (daughter), Hasanand Husain (grandsons).

Ahl as-Sunnat: see Ahl as-Sunna (wal-Jama)

Ahl as-Sunna (wal-Jama):

The true pious Muslims who follow our Master the Prophet and as -Sahbat al-kirm. These are called Sunn Muslims. ASunn Muslim adapts himself to one of the four Madhhabs. These Madhhabs are Hanaf, Mlik, Shfi and Hanbal.

Ahl-i Kitb: [lit. the people of the Book]

Jews and Christians.

Ahl-i Qibla:

A Muslim who believes all those religious matters that are indispensable and known through tawtur (consensus).

Ahl-i zimmat: see zimm.

Aimmat al-madhhib:

It is the plural of imm al-madhhab.

isa:

Old woman; older than 55 for Hanaf, 70 for Mlik.

khirat:

It is the endless life which begins when a person dies.

Alaihissalm:

A supplication said or written whenever the names of prophets mentioned, meaning Peace be upon Him.

Alastu:

Allahs declaration: Alastu bi-rab-bikum? Am I not your Rabb? which, when He created Hadrat Adam, He asked all thesouls of Hadrat Adams descendants that would come until the end of the world.

lim: (pl. ulam)

A Muslim scholar of Islam.

Alm:

One of the 99 Beautiful Names of Allahu tal, which means the Omniscient.

Allahu tal:

Allah the Most High.

Amal: (pl. aml)

Deed; practice of, living up to ilm; ibda.

Amal-i kasr:


3/35

Actions that are so many as to nullify the namz are termed amal-i kasr.

Amal-i qall:

Few actions that do not nullify the namz are termed amal -i qall.

mantu:

The prayer in which all six tenets of belief in Islam are declared.

mn:

(To Allahu tal) Accept my prayer.

Amr-i-bi-l-marf:

Duty to teach Allahu tals commandments and prohibitions.

Angels of Haphaza:

The two angels called Kirman ktibn, who are on a persons shoulders and who write down good and bad deeds, and thoseangels who protect a person against genies are called An gels of Haphaza.

Ansr:

Those Muslims who lived in Madna and helped Raslullah when he migrated to Madna. Those companions of the Prophetwho migrated to Madna from Mecca are called Muhjir.

qilbligh:

Sane and pubert, who has reached the age when he or she started to perform ghusl.

Aqqa:

It means killing an animal (by cutting its throat) to thank Allahu tal for a newly born child. Two are killed for a son, w hileone is killed for a daughter. It is not fard, but mustahab, to kill it. That is, it is not sinful not to kill it.

Aql:

Wisdom; it is a comprehensive power that has been created so as to distinguish right from wrong, good from bad, useful fromharmful.

Aql-i salm:

The wisdom which is salm never goes wrong and never errs. It never does anything to necessitate repentance. It does notmake mistakes in the things it considers. It always follows the course of actions that are good and that turn out good. It th inks

properly and finds the right way. Its deeds are always correct. This wisdom ex isted in Prophets only. They were successful inevery activity they had started. They would not do anything that would make them repent or that would harm them. The one

which is close to theirs is the wisdom of the Sahba, of the Tbin, of the Taba -i tbin, and of the religious imms. Theirswas a wisdom that was suitable for the rules of the Sharat.

Aql-i saqm:

The wisdom that is saqm is quite the opposite. It errs in its acts and thoughts, which always incur sorrow, repentance, harmand trouble.

Araft:

The open space located 24 kilometers north of Mecca.


4/35

rif:

A great scholar who comprehended through his heart the knowledge about Allahu tal and His Attributes. For one to be anrif, it is necessary to make progress and be promoted in the way of tasawwuf.

Arsh:

The end of matter bordering the seven skies and the Kurs, which is outside the seventh sky and inside the Arsh.

Ashb-i Kahf:

The seven Believers (in a cave in Tarsus) who attained high status because of emigrating to another plac e in order not to losetheir faith when disbelievers invaded their land.

Ashb-i Kirm:

A person who saw Hadrat Muhammad at least once when he was alive, is called a Sahb. It goes without saying that aSahb is a Muslim. Ashb is the plural form of Sa hb. All the Sahbs are called Ashb -i Kirm. If a Muslim has seen theProphet, or talked to him, at least once when the Prophet was alive, he is called Sahab. Plural form of Sahab is Sahba orAshb. The word Sahba-i Kirm includes all those great people each of whom has seen the Prophet at least once. Thelowest of the Sahba is much higher than the highest of other Muslims. If a person has not seen the Prophet but has seen ortalked to one of the Sahba at least once, he or she is called Tbi. I ts plural form is Tbin. In other words, the Tbin arethe successors of the Sahba. If a person has not seen any of the Sahba but has seen at least one of the Tabin, he or she iscalled Taba Tbin. The Sahba, the Tbin and the Tabai tabin altogether are called the Salaf-i Slihin (theearly savants).

Asr-i awwal:

The beginning of the time of the late afternoon namz according to Imm -i Ysuf and Imm-i Muhammad.

Asr-i thn:

The beginning of the time of the late afternoon namz according to Imm-i Azam.

Asr as-Sada:

The Era of Prosperity, the time when our Prophet lived.

A'dhu:

Adhu billhi min-ash-shaytnirrajm (I seek refuge with Allah from the cursed Satan).

Awmir-i Ashara:

The Ten Commandments which Allahu tal gave Ms (Moses alaihissalm) on Mount Tur.

Awl:

It means better.

Awliy:

A person whom Allahu tal loves is called a wal. Awliy is the plural form of wal, though we sometimes use the wordfor both singular and plural.

Awrat parts:

They are parts on ones body which one must not open or show others and it is forbidden for others to see outside or duringnamz, parts of the body that men and women have to cover, both during namz and elsewhere. In Hanaf and Shfi


5/35

Madhhabs a mans awrat parts for namz and at all times are between his navel and lower parts of his knees. The knees areawrat in Hanaf and the navel is awrat in Shfi. All parts of women, except their palms and faces, including their wrists,outer parts of their hands, hanging parts of their h air and under their feet are awrat for namz, in Hanaf. There are alsovaluable books saying that outer parts of hands are not awrat. When alone and not performing namz, it is fard for women tocover between their knees and navels, wjib to cover their b acks and bellies, and adab to cover their other parts. It is harm inall the four Madhhabs for women to show nmahram men and female non -Muslims their bodies other than their faces andinside and outside their hands, and for these people to look at them.

yat (karma): (pl. yt)

(1) a sign, a miracle; (2) a verse of the Qurn al -karm. There are 6236 yats in the Holy Koran.

yat-al-Kurs:

One of the yats in the Qurn. It explains the greatness of Allahu tal and the fact that His power is infinite.

Ayn-ul-yaqn:

Certainty coming from direct observation and seeing.

Azmat:

The more meritorious and difficult ways in carrying out commandments, which Islam holds superior.

Azril:

One of the four archangels, who takes the souls of human beings.

-B-

Balghat-i ilh:

Divine Eloquence.

Bligh:

A boy whose genitalia has started producing spermatozoa becomes a bligh. When a girl first begins menstruating, shebecomes a bligha (adolescent). From that day forth, it is incumbent on them to observe the com mandments and prohibitionsof Islam. The age limit for them to be considered as such is 9 for girls and 12 for boys. A boy who has not had sperm yet anda girl who has not experienced menses are counted bligh and bligha once they are beyond the age of fi fteen.

Ban Israil:

Sons of Israel; Israelites; Jews.

Barakat:

Abundance; blessing.

Basmala:

The Arabic phrase Bismillhirrahmnirrahm (In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful).

Btil:

Invalid, wrong, vain.

Btin:


6/35

Interior, hidden knowledge pertaining to the heart and soul; btin, of btin.

Btin:

A follower of the Batiniyya heresy or Btinism.

Bayyad-Allahu wajhah:

May Allahu tal make his face luminous.

Bida: (pl. bida)

Heresy; a heretical conduct or belief. Bida means something that was concocted afterwards. They are things that had notexisted during the time of our Prophet and his four caliphs radiy -Allahu anhum which were, afterwards, fabricated anddone in the name of Islamic belief or worships. All bida are corrupt.

Bithat:

The year in which Hadrat Muhammad sall-Allahu alaihi wa sallam was informed that he was the Prophet.

Bughd-i fillah:

To dislike for the sake of Allah.

Burq:

The animal of Paradise which took Raslullah from Mecca to Jerusalem during the Mirj event. It was white, very fast,sexless, smaller than a mule, and bigger than an ass.

-D-

Dajjl:

He will appear in the time period close to Doomsday. He will be an enemy of Islam commanding innumerable soldiers. He

will kill Muslims and bring discomfort and disord er. After shedding much blood, he will be killed by Mahd.

Dallah:

Deviating, going astray; deviating from the true path which our master the Prophet and his Ashb showed.

Dalk:

To rub the washed limbs gently with the palm or with a towel.

Dr-ul-Islam:

It refers to those countries where the Muslim law is in force.

Darrat:

(1) Strong necessity, a samw (involuntary) reason that forces one to do something, that is, a situation which arises beyondones will, is called a darrat; (2) an involuntary excuse such as the danger of dying or losing a limb, or severe pain. Theseexcuses make it mubh [allowed] to perform an act that is normally harm [forbidden] in Islam.

Dht:

Person, essence.


7/35

Dhikr:

Remembering, keeping in mind, Allahu tal every moment.

Dn: (also Deen)

It means religion. It generally refers to Islam.

Du:

Supplication, invocation. Human beings present their needs and requests to Allahu tal through du

-E-

Effendi:

A title given by the Ottoman State to statesman and especially to religiou s scholars; a form of address, meaning Your GreatPersonage.

Emn:

Pardon; protection; guarantee.

-F-

Faid: (also fayz)

Outpouring that flow from the guides heart to a heart, which thus gains motion, cleanliness, and exaltation; marifa.

Fiz: (or fidh=interest)

A percentage of a sum of money loaned to someone or borrowed from someone, which is harm.

Fan:

It means forgetting everything except Allahu tal.

Faqh: (pl. fuqah)

lim of fiqh.

Faqr:

(1) Form of introduction of oneself, meaning po or, humble servant in need of Mercy; (2) a poor Muslim who has more thanhis or her subsistence but less than nisb.

Fard:

Obligatory; an obligation clearly commanded by Allahu tal in the Qurn al -karm. It is a grave sin to omit a fard. Whenthis commandment is incumbent on every individual Muslim, it is termed fard -i-ayn. Otherwise, if all Muslims are absolvedfrom a certain Islamic commandment when only one Muslim performs it, it is termed fard -i-kifya.

Fsid:

Wrong, invalid, null and void.

Fsiq:


8/35

A Muslim who commits sins habitually and frankly.

Ftiha:

The first sra in the Qurn al-kerm. It is recited during every standing position when performing namz. It is also recited forthe souls of dead Muslims.

Fatw:

It means communicating if somethin g conforms or not with the Sharat. It is not a fatw only to say It conforms or It isnot permissible. It is necessary also to say from which book of fiqh and from which writing this answer has been derived.The fatws that are not conformable with b ooks of fiqh are wrong. It is not permissible to depend on them.

Fermn:

Command, especially given by the Ottoman Sultans.

Fiqh:

Jurisprudence; knowledge dealing with what Muslims must do and must not do, actions, deeds, ibdt; rules pertaining toreligious practices.

Fitna:

It means mischief, commotion, sedition, turmoil, chaos, instigation, etc. Any act, behaviour, statement, writing, article orattitude that would lead to harmful consequences is fitna, and therefore harm, even if it is done with good intentionsapparently.

Fitra:

Alms that must be given when the month of Ramadn is over.

-G-

Ghaban fhish:

(Being cheated much by buying at a) price higher than the current prices; an exorbitant price.

Ghayb:

The unseen; the unknown; not being present; hidden.

1. Things that are not communicated by Islam, by calculations, or by experiments;

2. Those things that cannot be known through the mind and sense organs but can be known only through prophets informingus about them, e.g., Allahs Attributes, the Day of Judgement, resurrection after death, creatures assembling in the place ofMahshar, etc;

Having mn in the ghayb is to confirm, that is, to accept and to approvingly believe in the religion which Raslullahcommunicated as the Prophet without consulting mind, experience, and philosophy to see whether it accords with them.

3. Things that are known by some creatures but not known by the others.

Ghaz:

A battle against non-Muslims to convert them to Islam; jihd.

Ghz:


9/35

A Muslim engaged in ghaz.

Ghin:

A human voice accompanied with instrumental music is called ghin [that is, music].

Ghusl:

It is ritual washing. It is fard for every woman or man who is junub and for every woman after haid (menstruation) and nifs(puerperium, postnatal bleeding) to perform a ghusl when there is enough time to perform the times namz before thatnamzs time expires.

-H-

Hadth (sharf):

Any blessed word or tradition of Raslullah [the Messenger of Allah] sall -Allahu alaihi wa sallam.

Hadth-i quds:

A hadth inspired by Allahu tal but said by the Prophet.

Hadji:

A Muslim pilgrim.

Hadrat:

A title of respect used before the names of great people like prophets and Islamic scholars.

Haid:

Menstruation.

Hajj:

It is the pilgrimage to Mecca, performance of which once in ones life time becomes fard under certain conditions andcircumstances prescribed by the Islamic Sharat.

Hl:

Continuous variation of the kashfs and manifestations that come to the heart.

Halk:

Lexical meaning of halk is destruction, perishing, exh austion. In the context, it is used to mean the measure of harm ordanger which Islam dictated as a gauge whereby to decide about the step to be taken.

Hall:

Things that are not prohibited, or though prohibited, their prohibition has been abolished thro ugh one of the reasons whichthe Sharat accepts as an excuse, a hindrance, or a necessity, are called hall.

Halwat:

Staying together at a lonely place.

Hamd-u than:


10/35

Thanking, praising, and lauding.

Hanaf:

(a member) of the madhhab founded by Imm-i Azam.

Hanbal:

(a member) of the madhhab founded by Imm-i Ahmad bin Hanbal.

Haqq-ul-yaqn:

Certainty coming from experience.

Haraj:

When it is difficult to prevent something from hindering the doing of a fard or from causing a harm to be committed, thecase is called haraj; difficulty.

Harm:

Prohibited, not permitted in Islam. It is a grave sin to commit a harm act.

Harb: see zimm.

Hsh:

It means Never! This exclamation is used before saying a blasphemy.

Hshiya:

Footnotes, annotation; explanatory notes written on the page margins of a book.

Hashr:

Assembling in the space of Arast after the Resurrection.

Haw:

The things which the nafs loves; desires.

Hegira:

Hadrat Muhammads (alaihissalm) emigration from Mecca to Medina in 622; al -Hijra.

Hidyah:

It has these senses: the true path, the righteous path, Islam. Its opposite is dallah [going astray, deviating]. Hidyah is toenter the right path after seeing right as right and wrong as wrong; it is to turn away from dallah and wrong path, to havemn, and to become a Muslim.

Hijr:

Of the Hegira.

Hikmah: (1) prophethood; (2) useful knowledge; (3) word of wisdom; (4) a hidden cause, benefit; (5) the knowledge of fiqh,the knowledge pertaining to halls and harms; (6) ilm -i ladun, spiritual knowledge; (7) the sunnat of our Prophet.


11/35

Hikmat-i amal:

Ethics of Islam.

Hikmat-i nazar:

Scientific knowledge.

Hubb-i fillah:

To love for the sake of Allah.

Hujrat as-Sada:

The room where the graves of the Prophet and of his two immediate caliphs are.

-I-

Ibda: (pl. -t)

An act of worship, rite; carrying out the rules of our religion as prescribed by it.

Ifrt:

Too much of something.

Iftr:

The act of breaking a fast. Iftr is done when the sun sets.

Ihrm:

A special garment worn during the rites of pilgrimage in Mecca.

Ijz-i ilh:

Divine Conciseness (of the Qurn al-karm).

Ijm:

The Sahbat al-kirms and the Tbins common act or unanimous comment on an affair; such unanimity or consensus.

Ijtihd:

It means working with all ones might, striving and taking pains. In other words, it is to strive to derive the rules to solveproblems that have not been explained clearly and openly in the Qurn or in the hadths by likening them to matters thathave been explained clearly and in detail. This can be done only by our Prophet (sall Allahu alaihi wa sallam), by all hisAshb, and from among other Muslims, by those who have been promoted to the grade of ijtihd; these exalted people arecalled Mujtahids.

Ikhls:

Sincerity; doing all the good deeds and worships for the sake of Allahu tal and for the purpose of obtaining His love andpleasure.

Ilh:


12/35

God. (God means mabd [that which, or who, is, or is to be, worshipped]. Anything which is worshipped is called a god.The name of Allahu tal is Allah, not God. There is no ilh [god] besides Allahu tal. It would be a very vile mistake tosay God instead of Allah.)

Ilhd:

Deviating from the right path.

Ilm:

Knowledge, science.

Ilm-i hl book:

A book written for the religiously non-educated people and that briefly and clearly describes the knowledge of kalm, moralsand fiqh which every Muslim must know and do.

Ilm-i Kalm:

This is the branch of knowledge that explains the Kalimat ash -shahdat and the six tenets of mn relative to it.

Ilm-i Ladun:

It is the knowledge imparted by Allah without you making any effort. It is a kind of ghayb or secret knowledge.

Ilm-i Tasawwuf:

It explains the things to be done or avoided with the heart and the ways to purify the heart and the soul. This is a lso calledilm-i akhlq or ilm-i ikhls.

Ilm-ul-yaqn:

Certainty coming from knowledge.

m:

It means making signs with ones head instead of making ruku and sajda (when there is an excuse prescribed by ourreligion). Those who perform namz by m bend a little for the ruku and again bend even more for the sajda.

Imm: (pl. aimma)

(1) Profound savant; Imm-al-Madhhab, leader, founder of a Madhhab; twelve aimma (imms), three male members of theAhl-i bayt and their nine successors; Imm-i azam (the greatest leader), title of Ab Hanfa, leader of the Hanaf Madhhab.(2) Leader in public salt (namz in jamat).

Immayn:

The two imms, namely, Imm-i Muhammad and Imm-i Ab Ysuf.

mn:

Belief; faith; mn means believing in the six fundamental principles of faith (mantu) along with all the commandments andprohibitions revealed to Hadrat Muhammad by Allahu tal and delivered by him to us, and stating this belief with thetongue.

Imsk:

It is the time when fasting begins. Imsk is the time whe n the whiteness appears on any place on the horizon. Six to tenminutes after imsk time, when the whiteness has spread over the horizon like a thread, the time of morning namz starts.


13/35

Inbat:

Repenting for having sinned. It has been used to mean to get a ttached and to adapt oneself to an Islamic savant.

Insh-Allah:

It means If Allah wills.

Iqmat:

The words recited while standing before beginning one of the five daily fard namzes.

Irda-i juziyya:

Partial will.

Irshd:

Enlightenment; guiding; inspiring.

Ishrq:

The time when the lower edge of the Sun is as high as the length of a spear from the line of the apparent horizon.

Ism-i Azam:

It is a Name of Allahu tal which He likes best among His Names which He has communicated. He will positively accept aprayer sent by mentioning this Name. We do not know this Name.

Isrf:

Spending or using wastefully.

Istibr:

Lexical meaning of istibr is to exert yourself, to free yourself from something disagreeable or impure. In the Islamicbranch of fiqh, it means after urination, to make sure that there is no urine left in the urethra lest it should drop into yourpants afterwards and dirty them and break your ablution. Istibr is done by gently squeezing urine drops out of the penis, b ywalking up and down for a while (about twenty minutes), or by lying on your left -hand side for a while. Istibr has yetanother meaning in the branch of fiqh, used in matters pertaining to conjugal relationships.

Istidll:

It means inferring the existence of the doer of t he workby seeing the work, that is, to know the existence of the Creator by seeing creatures.

Istidrj:

Allahs inciting a sinner to perdition by granting that person success.

Istighfr:

Seeking forgiveness from Allahu tal; prayer for repentance; prescribed prayer recited in order to entreat Allahu tal forforgiveness.

Istihda:


14/35

Excuse; flux of blood from a woman other than catamenia and lochia. Istihda does not prevent the performance of eithernamz or fast.

Istikhra: see salt of istikhra.

Istinbt:

It means extracting the essence of something.

thr:

Giving precedence to others despite your own acute needs and necessities.

Itiqd:

mn; the tenets to be believed.

Itiqf:

Retreat, religious seclusion during Ramadn.

Iyd:

One of the two Islamic festivals.

Izzat:

Superiority, honor, and glory.

Izr:

An outer garment worn below the waist.

-J-

Jiz:

Permitted, permissible.

Jalsa:

Sitting for a while between the two sajdas.

Jamat:

A congregation of Muslims who perform namz together adaptin g themselves to the movements of the imm, the person whois staying in the front.

Janbat:

The state of being junub; impurity caused by sexual intercourse or by the flow of semen.

Janza:

Funeral.

Jannat:


15/35

Paradise.

Jriya:

A woman slave captured in a holy war.

Jazm:

It means not adding a vowel to a final consonant.

Jihd:

War against non-Muslims (or the nafs) to convert them (it) to Islam. Jihd means amr -i-marf and nahy-i-an-il-munkar. Theformer means introducing Islam to disbelievers, and thereby re scuing them from the blight of disbelief, and the lattermeans teaching Muslims Islams practices, and thereby protecting them from committing Islams prohibitions. There arethree ways of performing either one of these two duties (of jihd). The first w ay is to do it physically, or in clearer terms, to

perform jihd by employing all sorts of weaponry; this sort of jihd is conducted against dictators and imperialistic powersfor the purpose of eliminating their obstructive policies over hapless masses of people who have fallen into the pit of disbeliefas a result of being unaware of Islam or blindly following others or living under tyranny, oppression, persecution,exploitation, or misguidance. This type of jihd is done only by Islamic states or by thei r armies. It is never permissible forany individual Muslim to attack and rob any disbeliever without the prior order, permission, and knowledge of an Islamicstate. The second way of Islamic jihd is to exploit all sorts of means of communication to sprea d Islam and to announce it to

humanity. This type of jihd is done only by Islamic scholars with the help and under the control of Islamic states. The thir dway of jihd is to do it through prayer [supplication]. It is fard -i-ayn, or in other words, it is a must duty for every Muslimto perform this type of jihd. Not performing this type of jihd is a grave sin. Performing this third type of jihd is done by

praying for those who perform the first two types of jihd. Those who are doing the first two ty pes of jihd are in need of theprayers of those who are not actively participating in the first two types of jihd. All prayers performed with sincerity wil lsurely be accepted.

Jizya:

The tax which disbelievers under Muslim control pay to a Muslim govern ment. Allahu tal commands the jizya in theQurn in order to disgrace disbelief.

Junub:

A person who needs a ghusl. What causes a person to become junub is prescribed by Islam.

-K-

Kba:

The big structure in the great mosque in Mecca.

Kfir:

Islam divides people into two groups: (1) Muslims; (2) Those who are not Muslims. People who are not Muslims are calleddisbelievers (kfir) or non-Muslims.

Disbelievers in turn are divided into two groups: (1) Disbelievers with a holy book; (2) Disbelievers withou t a holy book.Christians and Jews are disbelievers with a holy book. But atheists, polytheists, Buddhists, Zoroastrians, and the believers inother religions are called disbelievers without a holy book. All disbelievers, those with a holy book and those w ithout a holy

book alike, will go to Jahannam.

Kalimat:

Word or statement.

Kalima-i shahdat:


16/35

It is the statement Ash-hadu an l ilha ill-Allah wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadan abduh wa rasluh. It is the first of thefive fundamentals of Islam; declaring ones belief in Islam.

It means: There is no ilh (being to be worshipped) except Allah; and Muhammad (alaihis -salm) is His born slave and HisMessenger whom He has sent to (guide) all humanity.

Kalimat at-tawhd:

It is the statement L ilha ill -Allah Muhammadun Rasl-Allah. It means There is no ilh except Allah and Muhammad(alaihis-salm) is His Messenger.

Kmil:

Perfect.

Karhat time:

The time wherein it is not permissible to perform namz.

Karmat:

Phenomena which happen beyond the laws ofcausation through the awliy of the ummats of prophets are called karmat.

Kashf:

Manifestation, appearance of Allahu tals Attributes.

Khair:

Good, goodness.

Khalfa: (pl. khulaf)

Caliph.

Khrijs: (also Khrijites, Khawrij)

Those heretics who are hostile to Ahl al-Bait and to their posterity.

Khatm:

It is to read the Qurn al-karm from beginning to end. There is much thawb in it, especially in the holy month of Ramadn.

Khatm-i tahll:

Saying L ilha ill-Allah seventy thousand times.

Khawf:

Fear.

Khodja:

Master (especially in a religious school); a person who leads people in religious affairs.

Khush:


17/35

Deep and humble reverence.

Khutba:

Sermon, the speech made in the mosque by the mm during Friday namz or iyd namz.

Kufr:

Disbelief, blasphemy; to disbelieve, to reject those matters that must be known and believed in indispensably in Islam andthose Islamic rules that have been communicated through tawtur (consensus); not to accept a commonly known Islamic rule.

There are three types of kufr (disbelief):

Kufr-i jahl (Disbelief out of ignorance):

This is the disbelief of those who have not heard (about a certain Islamic tenet) and do not think about it.

Kufr-i juhd (Disbelief out of obstinacy):

People who are in this group choose disbelief knowingly either because they are fond of worldly ranks or they are haughty orthey are afraid that people may despise them when they convert to a new religion. It is kufr -i juhd to deny Islams rules or

to despise them or Islamic scholars. For example, Pharaoh and his companions had this type of disbelief.

Kufr-i hukm (Disbelief by judgement):

A person who says or does something which Islam dictates as a sign of disbelief will become a disbeliever even though he orshe really believes by heart and professes to be a Muslim. It is kufr to mock, to insult, or to despise anything which Islamholds valuable and precious. Anyone who says something which is not worthy of Allahu tal becomes a disbeliever.

Kutub-i Sitta:

Of the Hadth books that have been unanimously confirmed to be correct by all Islamic savants, six have become famous allover the world. These six books are called Kutub -i Sitta. It is stated in ijm (unanimity of scholars) that the hadth -i sharfsin these books are sahh.

-L-

L-madhhab:

A person who does not follow any madhhab.

Lawh-i Mahfz:

In pre-eternity, Allahu tal knew everything that would happen in the world. He explains His knowledge of eternity and Hiseternal Word to angels at a place called Lawh-i mahfz. Angels do what they learn from the Lawh-i mahfz.

Leave a namz to qad:

To postpone a namz till after its prescribed time is over.

-M-

Mal:

The explanations given for the yats under the light of tafsrs written by tafsr scholars.

Madhhab:


18/35

All of what a profound lim of (especially) fiqh (usually one of the four Hanaf, Shafi, Mlik, Hanbal) or mn (one ofthe two, namely Ashar, Mturd) communicated.

Madnat al-Munawwara:

The illuminated city of Medina.

Mahd:

In the time period close to Dommsday, Hadrat al-Mahd will appear. He will be a descendant of the Prophet Muhammad(alaihis-salm). His name will be Muhammad and his fathers name will be Abdullah. He will preside over Muslims,strengthen Islam and spread it everywhere. He will meet s (a laihis-salm), and together they will fight and kill ad -Dajjl.During his time, Muslims will settle everywhere and live in comfort and ease.

Mahr:

According to Islam, the mahr comprises things like gold, silver, banknotes, or any kind of property or any k ind of benefit thatis given by a man to the woman he is to marry.

Mahram:

Within forbidden (harm) degrees of relationship for marriage; one of the eighteen women whom the Sharat has prescribedas a mans close relatives, and vice versa.

M-i mustamal:

Water that has been used for ghusl or ablution.

Make ida:

To perform a namz for the second time for any reason whatsoever.

Make jam:

To perform the early and late afternoon prayers or the evening and night prayers one immediately after the other within the

time prescribed for either one of them.

Make khill:

To comb with fingers; insert one or more fingers to wash or moisten; takhll.

Make niyyat:

To intend by heart.

Makkat al-Mukarrama:

The honored city of Mecca.

Makrh:

Acts, things that are improper, disliked, or abstained by the Prophet. There are two kinds of makrh:

Makrh tahrm:

Makrh tahrm is the omission of a wjib, and it is close to harm. It is a venial sin to do an act which has been declared tobe makrh tahrm.


19/35

Makrh tanzh:

Makrh tanzh is an act that has been declared to be close to hall, or an act that is better not to do than to do. Omitting theacts that are sunnat-i ghayr-i muakkada or mustahab is makrh tanzh.

Mlik:

(a member) of the madhhab founded by Imm-i Mlik.

Mandb:

An act for which there is thawb [blessing] and if omitted there is no sin.

Manskh:

Some yats were abrogated by some other yats that descended later. The former are called manskh, which meansabrogated. The latter are called nsikh, which mea ns the one that has abrogated the other. The yat about wine is anexample.

Marifa:

Knowledge pertaining to Allahu tals Person. Religious knowledge that cannot be comprehended through the five sensesor through the intellect can be learned from th e Prophets words. Within religious information there is such knowledge whichcannot be recorded in books or which cannot be explained through words. No words can be found to explain them. They arecalled marifats. The owner of these marifats is called Murshid. They can be obtained only as a result of flowing from themurshids heart or from the dead ones souls into the hearts of those who desire them. There are some conditions to befulfilled for attaining this.

Marf:

Good acts approved by Islam.

Masah:

Rubbing your wet hands gently.

Masbk:

A person who has not caught up with the imm in the first rakat.

Mashrat:

Things that Muslims are commanded to do.

Masjid:

Mosque.

Masts: (also mests)

Waterproof shoes covering the part of the foot which is fard to wash (in ablution).

Masiyyat:

Sinful actions.

Mawl:


20/35

(1) It means helper and protector. It refers to Allahu tal; (2) the one who is loved; beloved; (3) the owner, the master o f aslave who has not been freed; (4) a slave who has been freed; (5) a person who has freed his or her slave.

Mawlid:

The Prophets birthday; writings that describe the superiorities and excellences of the Prophet.

Mazy: (also maz)

A few drops of white fluid liquid that comes out when one is aroused.

Mihrb:

It is a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the qibla.

Minbar:

The high pulpit in a mosque climbed wit stairs where the khutba is performed.

Mirj:

The Prophets ascension from Jerusalem to the heavens.

Mzn:

In the Hereafter, there will be a Mzn, balance , for weighing deeds and conduct. It does not resemble worldly balances.

Muadhdhin:

A person who calls the adhn.

Muakkad sunnat: see sunnat-i muakkada.

Mubh:

Permissible; a thing, action permitted in Islam; an act neither ordered nor prohibited. Things that are mubh earn you sins orthawb depending on the intention of a person who does them.

Mubhala:

When two persons do not believe each other, they say, May Allah curse the one among us who is lying. This process istermed mubhala.

Mufassir:

Expert lim of tafsr.

Mufsid:

Act, thing that nullifies (especially namz).

Muftabih qawl:

The report preferred as the fatw from among the various ijtihds of mujtahid scholars.

Muft:

Great lim authorized to issue fatwa.


21/35

Muhabbat-i ztiyya:

Love for only Allah without including His Attributes. Divine love is love for Allah together with His Attributes.

Muhdis:

a Muslim who does not have an ablution.

Mujaddid:

Restorer. Hadrat Muhammad informed that every hundred years there will be an Islamic savant restorin g Islam.

Mujiza:

Phenomena that happen from prophets beyond the Divine laws of causation but within the Divine power are called mujiza.Prophets have to exhibit mujizas.

Mujtahid:

Great lim capable of employing ijtihd.

Mukhls:

Owners of permanent ikhls.

Mukhlis:

Those who have inconstant ikhls and who strive to obtain ikhls.

Mulaffiq:

A person who looks for and gathers the facilities of the four madhhabs.

Mulhid:

A person who goes out of Islam by giving wrong meanings to yat -i-karmas and hadth-i-sharifs, that is, whose mn iscorrupt, is called a mulhid.

Mulk-i habis:

If you mix all of the harm goods taken from various people with one another or with your own property or with the thingsentrusted to you, and if you cannot easily disting uish the harm ones from the others, this mixture becomes your own

property. This mixture is called mulk -i habis (tainted property).

Mumin:

Believer, Muslim.

Munfiq:

Hypocrite; a person who pretends to be a Muslim though being a disbeliever.

Munazzah:

Free from any unworthy thing.

Muqm:


22/35

It means settled. A person who is settled in a place where he was born or got married or where he established his homewith the intention of living there permanently, or a person who intends to stay at a place which i s 104 km or more away forcontinuously fifteen days or more, excluding the days of arrival and departure.

Murshid:

Guide, director; an lim and a wal person who trains people in order for them to be good Muslims.

Murshid al-kmil:

A great guide who has attained perfection and can make others attain it.

Murtad:

Renegade, apostate; a person who abandons Islam, though previously being a follower of it. Such a person becomes a kfir.

Musfir: (safar)

Being safar or musfir means being a traveler. If a perso n intends to go to a place that would take three days by the shortdays of year by walking or by riding a camel during the short days of the year, he becomes a musfir as soon as he reaches

beyond the last houses of the place he lives in or on one or both sides of his way.

Musabbiha:

Those who believe Allahu tal to be a material being.

Mushaf:

It is the state of the Qur'an collected between two covers with the style as starting from the chapter Ftiha and ending with thechapter Ns.

Mustahab:

An act for which there is thawb (blessing) and if omitted there is no sin.

Mustamal water:

Water used for the ghusl or ablution.

Mutashbih:

(of an yat or hadth) with unintelligible, hidden meaning.

Mutazila:

One of the 72 heretical groups in Islam.

Muttaq:

One who fears Allahu tal and abstains from sinful things.

Muwlt:

Quickness; to wash the limbs one right after another.

Muzdalifa:

The area between the city of Mecca and Araft.


23/35

-N-

Nab:

A prophet who did not bring a new religion but invited people t o the previous one.

Nfila:

Acts of worship that are supererogatory, optional, and non -compulsory in contrast to fards and wjibs. They are highlyrecommended and bring much thawb.

Nafs:

A negative force within humans that prompts them to do evil.

Nafs-i ammra:

Headstrong nafs.

Nafy:

To dispel the thought of creatures from the heart.

Nahy-i-ani-l-munkar:

To prevent, to debar people from sins and evil deeds.

Najsat:

Substances which Islam prescribes as dirty.

Najs:

Religiously dirty.

N-mahram:

Within permitted degrees of relationship for marriage; not one of the eighteen women whom the Sharat has prescribed as amans close relatives, and vice versa.

Namz:

Salt, ritual prayer. It is the second of the five fundamentals of Islam.

Naql:

Conveying Islamic tenets, both pertaining to belief and practice, communicated by Islamic scholars without making anychanges.

Nashr:

Dispersing after the settling of accounts to go into Paradise or Hell.

Nass: (pl. nuss)

General term for yats and hadths.

Nifq:


24/35

Faction.

Nifs:

Postnatal bleeding, lochia.

Nikh:

Marriage contract made in accordance with Islam.

Nisb:

Nisb means border. The border between richness and poverty prescribed by Islam is termed nisb. It is the minimumquantity of specified wealth making on e liable to do certain duties.

Niyyat:

Intention.

-Q-

Qad:

Not to perform acts of worship in their due times but to perform them after their due times are over. A namaz of qad is theone which is performed after its prescribed time. It is fard to make q ad of a fard, and it is wjib to make qad of a wjib.

Qad:

The [instance of] creation of anything just compatibly with qadar.

Qada-i khira:

Last sitting in a namz.

Qada-i l:

First sitting in a namz that contain three or four rakats.

Qadar:

Allahu tals predestination in eternity of things that have been and will be created from eternity in the past to theeverlasting future.

Qdi:

A judge ruling in accordance with the Islamic religious law.

Qawl:

A mujtahid scholars conclusion, ijtihd for the solution of a religious matter.

Qawma:

Standing upright and motionless after ruku.

Qibla:

The direction a Muslim turns when performing namz, the direction pointing to Kba.


25/35

Qirat:

Standing and reciting the Qurn when performing namz; recitati on.

Qirat-i Shzza:

The Qurn which follows the rules of Arabic grammar and which does not change the meaning, but which is unlike the one

that was collected together by Hadrat Uthman. It is not permissible to read it during namz or at any other place; it is a sin.

Qiym:

Standing position in namz.

Qiys:

(conclusion drawn by a mujtahid through) likening or comparing a matter not clearly stated in the Nass [yats and hadths]and ijm to a similar one stated clearly.

Qiyma:

The end of the world; Resurrection; Doomsday.

(1) After Isrfils (alaihis -salm) sounding the last trump called Sr (and something we do not know its true nature) with thecommand of Allahu tal, all beings will die and everything will be annihilated. The order and the system i n the universewill be dissolved. This time is called Qiyma, the end of the world.

(2) After all beings have died and the order in the universe has been dissolved, Isrfl (alaihis -salm) will sound the Sragain with the command of Allahu tal. Then a ll the dead will rise up from their graves and will gather at the place ofArasat. There will be questioning and settlement of accounts on every action. Then they will go to either Jannat or Jahannam.This time, too, is called the Day of Qiyma (Resurrecti on).

Quddisa sirruh:

Used for scholars and other notable personalities in Islam in the meaning of May Allahu tal make his secret very sacred.

Qurn al-karm:

The Holy Koran.

Qurbn:

(1) Sacrifice; (2) the animal to be slaughtered.

Qurbat:

If you do a tat knowing that you do it for Allahs sake, it is called qurbat.

-R-

Rabb:

It refers to Allahu tal, meaning the One who creates, educates, and brings up everything.

Rady-Allahu anh:

Used for any righteous and noble male companions of the Prophet i n the meaning of May Allah be pleased with him.

Raj:


26/35

Hope.

Rakat:

Units of namz each of which comprises the actions of standing, bowing and two times prostration.

Ramadn:

The sacred month in Muslim calendar.

Rasl:

A prophet who brought a new religion.

Raslullah: (Rasl-Allah)

Muhammad (alaihis-salm), the Prophet of Allahu tal; the Messenger of Allah.

Rawdat al-Mutahhara:

The space between the Prophets shrine and the pulpit of the Masjid ash -sharf.

Rib:Charging or paying interest.

Riyda: (pl. -at)

Not doing what the nafs likes.

Rizq:

Sustenance.

Rukhsat:

Permission; the easy way in carrying out a fard or avoiding a harm.

Rukn:

The fards in namz are called rukn. Recitation of an yat, the ruku, the two sajdas and sitting in the last rakat are each arukn.

Ruku: bowing by putting hands on the knees.

-S-

Safar:

Travel.

Safar: (also see musfir)

Traveler.

Sahba: (see Ashb-i Kirm)

Sahh:


27/35

(1) religiously lawful, valid; congruous to Islam; (2) (of a hadth) soundly transmitted, authen tic according to the conditionslaid by the scholars of hadth.

Sahr:

The time when you get up to eat meal before beginning the fast.

Sajda:

Prostration.

Sajda-i sahw:

Two sajdas (prostrations) done as soon as namz is over in order to have some errors th at may have been done whileperforming namz forgiven.

Sajda-i tilwat:

Prostration after the recitation of certain verses in the Qurn al -karm.

Salaf-i Slihn: (also see Ashb -i Kirm for further information)

The Sahba, the Tbin, and the Taba-i tbin are called the Salaf-i Slihn.

Salm:

(1) greeting; (2) saying Assalm-u alaikum wa rahmat-ullah at the end of a namz.

Salt:

(1) prayer; (with salm) =salawt; (2) namz.

Salt of istikhra:

A namz performed to seek Allahu tals guidance whe n one is unsure about a decision.

Salawt: (pl. of salt)

Special prayers in which blessings and high ranks invoked on the Prophet (alaihis -salm).

Slih: (pl. sulah)

One who is pious and abstains from sins.

Sallallahu alaihi wa lih wa sallam:

Used exclusively after the name of Hadrat Muhammad in the meaning of May blessings of Allahu tal be upon him andhis family.

Samw:

Involuntary.

Sayr-i fq:

fq means outside a person. Sayr-i fq means ones making progress outside oneself.

Sayr-i anfus:


28/35

Sayr means to go, to make progress. Anfus means inside a person. Sayr -i anfus means ones progress insideoneself.

Sayyid:

Title given to the Prophets descendants. When they are through Hadrat Husayn, Hadrad Alis second son, t hey are calledSayyid, and when they are through Hadrat Hasan, Hadrat Alis elder son, they are called Sharf.

Shad: (in Arabic) means to soundly fasten something with a wire.

Shafat:

Intercession.

Shfi:

(a member) of the madhhab founded by Imm-i Shfi.

Shaikhayn:

Imm-i Azam and Imm-i Ab Ysuf. In another register of Islamic nomenclature, e.g., when matters concerning the Sahba

are being dealt with, Shaikhayn means Hadrat Ab Bakr as -Siddq and Hadrat Umar-ul-Frq.

Shaikh-ul-Islm:

The chief religious official during the Ottoman State.

Sharh:

Explanation, commentary; to expound, to give the detailed explanation of a text in a book word by word.

Shar:

Of, relating to, required by, or conforming to the Sharia, Islam.

Shariat

Divine rules that were sent to prophets; religion; Islam.

Sharr:

Evil.

Shaitn:

Satan.

Shites:

One of the 72 non-Sunn groups in Islam.

Shirk: (polytheism)

To attribute a partner to Allahu tal.

Silsila-i Aliyya:


29/35

It is the chain of Islamic savants beginning with our Prophet up to today, each of whom saw the one previous tohim, and followed his path, footsteps.

Sim:

A voice without instrumental music is called sim.

Sirt:

The Bridge in the Hereafter.

Sf:

One who has trained and has become perfect on the way of tasawwuf.

Sufiyya-i Aliyya:

Great men of tasawwuf.

Suhbah: (also sohbah)

Companionship; to make friends, to stay together for a long time; to talk to one another and to drive use from one another.

Sultn:

A Muslim ruler in the past.

Sunnat:

Act, thing, though not commanded by Allahu tal, done and liked by the Prophet (alaihissalm) as an ibda; there isthawb if done, but no sin if omitted, yet it is a sin if continually omitted and disbelief if despised;

Sunnat-i ghayr-i muakkada:

Unemphatic, omitted from time to time by our blessed Prophet.

Sunnat-i kifya:

They are the sunnats which lapse from other Muslims if they are done by a few Muslims.

Sunnat-i muakkada (=sunnat-i hud):

Emphatic, practised regularly by our blessed Prophet. They are the shir (symptoms) of the Islamic religion. [That is, theyare peculiar to Islam; they do not exist in other religions.]

Sunnat-i zawid:

Things which Raslullah (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) has done continuously not as ibdat (worship) but as dat (hab it) arecalled sunnat-i zawid.

Sunn:

(one) belonging to Ahl as-Sunna.

Sra(t):

A chapter of the Qurn al-karm.


30/35

-T-

Taann:

Opposite of hastiness.

Tat:

Those actions which Allahu tal likes, such as giving alms. These are also called hasana. He ha s promised that He willgive ajr, that is, thawb (blessings) to a Muslim who performs tat. When the tats are done without an intention orintended for Allahs sake, blessings are given. When one does a tat, it will be accepted whether one knows or not that one isdoing it for Allahs sake.

Tabaat Tbin:

Those who had seen neither the Prophet nor a Sahb but saw (one of) the Tbin; so their successors.

Tbin:

Those Muslims who had not seen the Prophet but saw (one of) the Ashb -i Kirm; so their successors.

Taban makrh:

That which is repugnant to the human nature.

Tadbb:

To wind a band or something wide and flat like the sliding iron bolt of a door around an object.

Tadl-i-arkn:

To remain motionless for a while after becoming calm at fi ve places in namz, namely, at ruku, at two sajdas, at qawma, andat jalsa.

Tafrt:

Too little of something.

Tafsr:

It means understanding murd-i ilh (divine purpose)from the yats in the Qurn al -karm. He who does tafsr is called a mufassir. Mufa ssir does not mean a person who writes

books of tafsr. Mufassir is a person who understands what Allahu tal means by His Word. Tafsr is only the informationthat comes from Raslullahs (sall -Allahu alaihi wa sallam) blessed speech to the Sahba (rid wnullahi tal anhumajman), thence to the Tbin, thence to the Taba -i tbin, and thence, through the communication of such reliable andvaluable people, to writers of books of tafsr; to be more exact, to savants of fiqh and kalm. Any informatio n other than thiscannot be called tafsr; it is called tawl. Correctness of tawls is assessed by measuring them with tafsrs. If a tawlcontradicts a tafsr, it is discarded. Those who wrote books of tafsr accepted the sections that were tafsrs as tafsrs and thesections that were tawls as tafsrs again because they agreed with the tafsr.

Taghann:

To recite with a melodious voice. Taghann falls into two categories as being sunnat and harm. The taghann which is sunnatis to recite it compatibly with tajwd. The latter, which is harm, is to resonate your voice in your larynx so as to producevarious sounds, and it causes words to defile. It is not permissible to recite by making taghann, that is, by defiling the w ords.As is seen, if saying the words melodiously does not defile their meanings, if the letters are not prolonged by a length of twoletters, and if it is intended to beautify the voice and to embellish the recitation, it is permissible. In fact, it is musta hab to doso when performing namz as well as when not performing namz.

Tght:


31/35

Satanic powers and beings that rebel against Allahs commandments and prohibitions and prevent you from performing actsof worship.

Tajdd:

Renewal.

Tajwd:

The branch of knowledge teaching how to read the Qurn correctly.

Tahrat:

Cleaning private parts after urinating or defecating.

Takbr:

It is the word Allahu akbar. It means Allah is the greatest.

Takbr-i tashrq:

According to the Immayn, from morning namz on the Arafa day, that is, th e day preceding the Iyd of Qurbn, until lateafternoon namz on the fourth day, which amounts to twenty -three prayers of namz in all, it is wjib for everyone, men andwomen alike, for hadjis and for those who are not making the hajj, for those who are performing namz in jamat and forthose who are performing it alone to say the Takbr -i tashriq (Allahu akbar, Allahu akbar. L ilha illallah. Wallahu akbar.Allahu akbar wa lillahil -hamd) once immediately after making the salm in any namz that is far d or when making qad ofany fard namz for the days of this Iyd. This (takbr) is said after the namz of Friday, too

Takbr of iftith:

The takbr said at the beginning of a namz.

Takfr:

Declaring a Muslim a kfir.

Takhr:

(when combining two namzes) performing the earlier one of two namzes in the time of the later one.

Takhll:

To comb with fingers; to insert one or more fingers to wash or moisten.

Talfq:

Eclecticism; unification of madhhabs; collecting the permitted, easy things of madhhab.

Tama:

Using forbidden means to obtain worldlies.

Taqdm:

(when combining two namzes) performing the later one of two namzes in the time of the earlier one.

Taqdth:


32/35

To declare to be without defects or faults.

Taqiyya:

It means saying or doing the opposite of what one has in ones heart.

Taqw:

Taqw is to abstain from harms by fearing Allahu tal.

Tarafayn:

Imm-i Azam Ab Hanfa and Imm-i Muhammad.

Tartb:

Observing the prescribed order.

Tasawwuf: see ilm-i tasawwuf.

Tasbh:

Subhnallah, Alhamdulillah, Allahu akbar, 33 times each after five daily prayers. It is also used for only Subhnallah.

Tasfiya:

Purification in the heart.

Tashahhud:

In every sitting posture in namz, sitting and reciting the prayer called Attahiyytu or sitting as long as to rec ite theAttahiyytu.

Taswf:

Procrastination in performing pious deeds.

Tawakkul:

Trust in, expectation of everything from Allahu tal exclusively; expecting from Allahu tal the effectiveness of the cau se[sabab] after working and holding on to the cause.

Tawtur:

State of being widespread, which is a document for authenticity and against denial.

Tawba:

(after committing a sin) to repent, to promise Allah not to do it again, to entreat Him for forgiveness. People do their tawb aby themselves.

Tawhd:

(belief in) the Oneness of Allahu tal.

Tawl:

From among different senses of a word, tawl is to choose the one that accords with Islam.


33/35

Tayammum:

It is a simple procedure you follow as a substitute for an ablution and ghusl and which is permissible in want of water. Youdo it by rubbing your arms and your face with your hands dusted with clean soil.

Tazr:

General name for various types of punishment which the Islamic religion inflicts for some crimes.

Thawb:

Muslims will be rewarded in the next wo rld for all their pious actions which they have done in the world. The rewards whichMuslims will be given in the next world are called thawb. The word is used as an adjective as well as a noun. Forexample, when we say that an action is very thawb, it means that Allah will give many rewards for that action, it isrewardful.

Tumnnat:

Keeping all ones limbs motionless in ruku, in sajda, in qawma, and in jalsa.

-U-

'Udhr:

A good excuse; by an udhr, we mean a situation which Islam recognizes as an ex cuse that will absolve a Muslim from theresponsibility of not performing an Islamic commandment. An excuse of this sort is termed udhr.

Ummat:

The community, the body of Believers, of a prophet.

Umm al-balw: a common plight, tribulation that plagues th e masses.

Umra:

The performance of the tawf and si with the ihrm on and the shaving or cutting of the hair on any day of the year exceptthe five days allotted for hajj. Doing umra once in a lifetime is sunnat -i muakkada in the Madhhabs of Hanaf and Mlik,while it is fard in the Madhhabs of Shfi and Hanbal. The hajj which is fard is called hajj -i akbar [major pilgrimage]orhajjat-ul-Islam. Umra is called hajj -i asghar [minor pilgrimage].

Ushr:

The zakt of production obtained from ones land is termed ushr. It is fard also to pay ushr. Even a person in debt has to payit.

Usl-i fiqh:

The knowledge of usl-i fiqh explains how learnings of fiqh are derived from yats and hadths.

-W-

Wad:

Turbid white thick liquid that issues after urination .

Wahhbs:

People in Arabia whose beliefs originate from the heresies of Ibn Taymiyya.


34/35

Wahy:

Divine revelation; Allahs commands that come to prophets directly or through an angel. The entire Qurn is wahy that hascome through the angel Jabrl (alaihissalm).

Wjib:

Essential, almost obligatory, almost as compulsory as fard, so not to be omitted; that never omitted by the Prophet. Allahutals commandments that are not as clear as a fard, but are inferred through deduction are called wjib.

Wal: see awliy.

War:

To abstain from the dubious. [By dubious we mean the actions which we do not know for sure whether they are permitted orforbidden.]

Wasl:

It is to combine a final consonant with the vowel sound of the following word.

Waswasa:

Evil suggestions insinuated by the devil.

Watan:

The place where one is settled or where one has settled ones home is called watan.

Watan-i asl:

Ones real home.

Watan-i iqmat:

Ones transient home.

Waty:

Sexual intercourse.

Wilyat:

The grade reached by a Muslim who has managed the very hard job of adapting his every word, every action, and everythought to Islam. Such a person is called a wal.

Witr:

The namz performed after the night namz. It is wjib.

Wud:

Ablution.

-Y-

Yddsht:


35/35

To become accustomed to thinking of Allahu tal all the time. If one wants to think of anything besides Allahu tal, onewill not be able to do it.

Yaqn:

Absolute belief; belief which is as positive as the conviction you feel when you have seen something you are to beli eve.

-Z-

Zhid:

Those people who do not set their hearts on worldly possessions.

Zakt:

To give every year a certain amount of ones property to the people prescribed by the Qurn.

Zlim: pl. zlimn

(1) cruel, a person who trespasses upon others property, rights; (2) a disbeliever who stubbornly keeps persisting in his/herdisbelief.

Zawl:

Midday; the time at which the Sun is at its highest point from the horizon and after which the time of early afternoon namzbegins.

Zimm (or dhimm):

The Islamic religion recognizes two kinds of countries in the world: (1) The Muslim country called Dr -ul-Islm; (2) Thecountry of disbelievers called Dr-ul-harb. Those disbelievers who live in Dr-ul-Islam and who have submitted to paythe jizya, are called ahl-i-zimmat or zimm. They live comfortably and peacefully possessing Muslims rights andfreedom fully. They perform their worships freely. Those disbelievers who live in Dr -ul-harb and who are not under Islamsauthority are called Harbs.

Zindiq:

An insidious enemy of religion; one who endeavors to defend and spread ones own thoughts under the name of Islam,though they are, in fact, incompatible with Islam.

Zuhd:

To abstain from the majority of the mubh for fear that they may be dubious.

Zulm: (also see zlim)

Injustice; to exceed the limit of justice; to infringe peoples rights.

islamic glossary ( dictionary )

Documents