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iv

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viiivii

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9

fuu isysm;a lr Èfï lD;Hh fyj;a iauD;sh iq;% j,g wkqj zzi;shZZ ms<snoj w3⁄4: l:kh jYfhka ±lafjk w;r" tuÕska i;shg wdfõKsl jQ" fuu fndfyda l,lg fmr l< lS oE kej; isyshg k.d .ekSfï yelshdj lshfõ' fuu w3⁄4: l:kh iómj ksÍCIKh lsÍfï§ i;sh i|yd tuÕska u;lh hk w3⁄4:h we;a; jYfhka u fkd fok nj;a" ta fjkqjg u;lhg Wmldr lsÍu" yd ta i|yd yelshdj ,nd fok nj;a meyeÈ,s fõ' hf:dala; ldrKhg wod< iQ;% mdGfha isxy, mßj3⁄4;kh fufia h' zzfyf;u iauD;su;a jQfha lemS fmfkk f,ig W;=ï jQ iauD;sfhka yd m%{dfjka iukajd.; fjhs' fmr l< oE - fmr lshQ oE isys lrkqfha mqk mqkd isys lrkq fjhs'ZZ

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10

hï fudfyd;la wu;l fkdjk fudfyd;la njg m;a lsÍfï§ i;sh ke;sju neß fohla jk w;r" miqj th u;lhg k.d .ekSu i`oyd o i;sh wjYHh h' fuf,i wkqiaurKh i`oyd wod< fudfyd; ;ekam;a njlska hqla; úh hq;=jdla fuka u" úCIsma; nfjka o ÿrej mej;sh hq;af;a h' isys lghq;= hula lrk fudfydf;a§ isysfhka lghq;= l< hq;af;a h' isysh fyd`Èka l%shd;aul jk fujka udkisl jd;djrKhla ;=< mgq zzt,a,ZZ lsÍula fjkqjg jvd mq¿,a njla ,CIKh jYfhka mj;afka h' fuu mq¿,a nj tu fudfyd;g t<ö f;dr;=re yd w;S; i[a[d w;r iïnkaëlrKhla lsÍug is;g bvla ie<fia' hï wjia:djl hfula hg.sh úfYaI wjia:djla fyda ldrKdjla u;la lsÍug ;Èka is; fhdojhs o" ta ;dla u;lhg k.d isgqùug wmyiq jk wjia:djkays § i;sfha fuu .=Kh m%lg fõ' ta fjkqjg wod< isoaê yd ldrKdj mfil ,d is; úfõl ùug bv § i,ld n,k ;;a;ajhg m;a jQ úg yÈisfha u jdf.a th is;g kef.a'

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11 12

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bkaøsh Ou_ yd n, Ou_ w;r fuka u wd3⁄4h wIagdx.sl ud3⁄4.fha iudê ialkaO Ou_ w;r o i;sh ueo ia:dkfha lghq;= lrk w;r" fndÊ®x. Ou_ w;r thg ysñjkafka uq,a ia:dkhhs' tys ,d i;sh wfkl=;a fndaê wx. Ou_ i|yd moku i,ihs' bkaøsh yd n, Ou_ fldgia w;r fukau wd3⁄4h wIagdx.sl ud._ Ou_ w;r o i;sh f;fï ù3⁄4hh" iudê" m%{d jeks wfkl=;a Ou_ w;ßka lemS fmfkk f,i fjkaj isg .kS' tu ksid fjku u O3⁄4uhla f,i ,ehsia;= .;ù we;' 18 fuf,i Ouuúph iïfndÊ®x.fhka fjkiajk neúka i;s iïfndÊ®x.h fyj;a i;sh' Ou_ lreKq fidaÈis lr ne,Su fyj;a úuid ne,Su ish lD;Hh jYfhka bgq lrkq fkd ,efí' tfia fkdue;s kï Oïu úph iïfndÊc®x.h fjku u ix.%y lsßug fya;=jla fkdue;' lreKq tfia jqjo wdkdmdk i;s iq;%hg wkqj fndÊ®x. tllg tlla wkq.dój" tkï t<Uisá i;shg wkq.dñj Oïu úph my< ùu olajk neúka i;sfha l%shdldrlï Oïu úphg n,mdk nj fmfka'19

wd3⁄4h wIagdx.sl ud3⁄4.fhys tla wx.hla jk iïud i;sh .ek l:d lsÍfï §" i;sh ZZiïudZZ hk mofhka úfYaIKh ù ;sîu ie<lsh hq;a;ls'20 ud3⁄4.dx.hla f,i ±lafjk i;sh fyj;a iïud i;sh wfkl=;a wjia:dj, ±lafjk i;s ffp;islfhka .=Kd;aul jYfhka fjkila fuys ±kfjk w;r tu fjki fkd jeo.;a f,i fydA wyïnhla f,i i,lkq fkdjà' fndfyda iQ;%j, i;sfha u úfYaIs; wdldrhla f,i fuka u iïud i;shg m%;smCI O3⁄4uh f,i ñÉcd i;sh i|ykaj we;' 21

uKsNoo iQ;%fha§ nqÿmshdKka jykafia" i;sh Bg wdfõKsl úúO .=K iys; jQjla jQj;a" yqÿ i;sfhka muKla ffjrh ch.; fkdyels nj foaYkd fldg we;22' fï wkqj wl=i,a ffp;isl ch.ekSfuys,d i;shg wu;rjq ;j;a ffp;isl wjYH lrk nj fmfka' fuu rpkfhka flfia kuq;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka i;sh wfkl=;a ffp;islhkaf.ka fjkafldg ks3⁄4jpkh lsÍula ksid" i;sfha m%Odk ,CIK fjkafldg y÷kd.ekSu i|yd wfkl=;a ffp;islhkaf.ka yqol,d fldg ;ksj i,ld n,kq ,efí'

2' i;s ksrEmkh - ms<sôUqj

iQ;% msGlfha úúO Wmud w,xldr yd jK_kd wkqj i;sh ksrEmKh fldg we;' fïjd úu3⁄4Ykh lsÍfuka tajdhska ms<sôUq lrk oE Wlyd .ekSfuka nqÿmshdKka jykafia fuka u iuld,Skhka tod i;sh hk moh f;areï .;a wdldrh ms<sn| jeä úia;r ,nd .; yelafla h'

oafõOdú;ll iQ;%fha ±lafjk f.damd,l Wmudjg wkqj meiqKq YiH-fNda. iys; fl;a hdhlg .j /< fkd nisk f,ig f.damd,lhd n,d lshd .; hq;= fõ' kuq;a wiajekak fk,d.;a miq f.damd,l f;fï .ila uq, jdä ù úfõlSj .; lrñka .j /, n,hs 23'

fuu ÿria: jQ;a úfõls jQ;a ne,Su i;sh ksrEmKh lrhs' fuu Wmudfõ ±lafjk yeisÍï rgdj jvd;a ,sysÉp" ksõÉp iajNdjhla olajhs' fujka ÿria: uDÿ ksÍCIKhla f,i

13 14

lrk i;smÜGdk Ndjkdj" f:r .d:djlg wkqj Wia l=¿klg ke.Sula Wia fõÈldjla u;g ke.Sula yd iulr olajd we;24' ldu m%jdyhka yd we<S .e<S .; lrk iajNdjfhka yd;amiska fjkia jQ njla fuu l=¿K Wmudfjka wÕjk w;r" tuÕska ÿria: jQ;a" uOHia: jQ;a ne,Sula yqjd olajhs' j,a w,sfhl= yS,E lsÍfï l%shdj,shlg i;smÜGdk Ndjkdj iufldg olajk oka;N+ñ iQ;%fha§ fuu ÿria: jQ iajNdjh kej;;a wmg u;la lr fohs' hï fia w¿;ska w,a,d .kakd ,o wixjr w,sfhl= Wf.a j,a .;sh ÿre lsÍu i|yd l%ufhka ys,E l< hq;= jkafkao" tfiau i;smÜGdkh NsCIqjla ;u .DydY%s; Ôú;fhka yd tyd iïnkaO u;lfhka áflka ál wE;a lrhs' 25'

;j;a Wmudjlg wkqj i;sh ztiKSz - l+rlg iudk fldg olajhs'26 Y,H ffjoHjrhd ;=jd,h ms<sn| jeä úia;r ,nd .ekSug l+r Ndú;d lrk w;r" u;= m%;sldr i|yd;a th fhdod .kafka hïfiao" tfiau i;sh we;s ieáh u;=lr .ekSug;a" tuÕska u;= hï ms<shï i|yd fyd| miqìula ilialr§u o lrhs' fuf,i i;sh u;= lghq;= ioyd miqìu ieliSu fjk;a kso3⁄4Ykhl f.dúhdf.a yS je, fyj;a k.=,a M,lhg yd flúgg Wmdud fldg olajhs' fuu Wmudj uÕska" f.dúrd< flúg wdOdrfhka ySh wLKavj yiqrejdf.k hk w;r wïnrejka yS mdr Èf.a bÈßhg lrk nj;a" yS je, fyj;a kÕ=,a o; fï w;rjdrfha fmdf<dj midre lrf.k lvdf.k hñka wuq mi u;= lr,k nj;a w3⁄4:j;a fjhs' fï uÕska me<m; f.dhug iß,k fia fl; l,a we;sj iQodkï flfrhs' tfiau i;sh wLKavj ukisldrfha ^uki& mj;ajhs kï tu wjia:dfõ wruqK ms<sn|j zls|dZnei ne,Sug wjfndaOh bv ,nhs' wruqfKka fyj;a j3⁄4;udk ixisoaêfha fkdfmfkk ienEj ^;s%,CIKh& u;=lr fohs' u;= m%{d îc j3⁄4Okhg bv i<ihs' i;sfha m%Odku ,CIK fjka fldg y÷kd .ekSu i|+yd fuys§ wfkl=;a ffp;islhka f.ka yqol,dfldg ;ksj i,ld n,kq ,efí' wfkl=;a wÕ miÕ yd Ndjkd ffp;isl O3⁄4uhka .,mñka olajk ;j;a Wmudjlg wkqj m%{d my<ùug Wmldrl iajNdjfhka i;sh l%shd lrk wdldrh olajd we;'

tys ,d i;sh ixikaokh fldg we;af;a we;df.a ysi ord isák f.,gh tys§ we;a ysi hkq m%{djhs29' nqÿmshdKka jykafiaf.a .=Khla jkakd jQ o we;dg wdfõKsl fohla jQo zzy;aÓ úf,dalkhZZ" me;a; n,k úg ysi muKla fkdyrjd uq¿ YÍrh;a iuÕu yeÍu kï jQ .=Kh ksid fuu f.f<a Wmudj jvd;a w3⁄4:j;a fjhs30' fuuÕska i;sh we;a ysi fuka hulg uq¨ wjOdkhu fhoùu uq¨ys;skau lsÍug ie<iaùu kï jQ .=Kfhka hqla; nj lshefõ'

we;a ne,au jkdyS nqÿmshdKka jykafiag u wdfõKsl .=Khla jk w;r" t<U isá ldrKhg wLKav jQ;a iïmQ3⁄4K jQ;a wjOdkh fh§u ish¿u ry;ka jykafia,dg fmdÿ ,CIKhls'31' r: frdaaohl tlu wrhlg i;sh Wmud lrk fjk;a Wmudjla uÕska f.kyer olajd we;'31' ta wkqj bÈßhg wefok r:hlg Wmudfldg ry;ka jykafiaf.a ldhsl l%shdldrlï olajk w;r ta l%shdldrlï ish,a, r: frdaofha t<ô nr orK tlu wrh fuka jQ i;sfha Wmldrfhka isÿfõ'

iq;a; ksmd; .d:d Ou_hlg wkqj m%{dfõ j3⁄4Okh i|yd i;sfha Wmldrh kej;;a yqjd olajk w;r" i;sh f,dalfha we;s úúO zzOdrdjkaZZ uäkakla f,ig olajd we;' fuf,i uev,Su isÿùu ksid m%{dfjka tajd lmd yeßu myiq fõ' fuuÕska i;sfha we;s b÷rka yslauùfï lD;Hh ksid m%{dfõ uQ,sl moku ielfik nj m%lg lrhs'33'

fuu Y,H ffjoHjrhdf.a l+r" k.=,a M,lh" we;a f., iy Odrdjka uev,Su wd§ Wmud rEmlj,ska lshefjk fmdÿ ,CIKh jkafka úmiaikdj ioyd i;sfha we;s iqodkï lr§fï lD;Hhs' ta wkqj m%{djg uÕmdok ffp;islh f,i i;sh ±lafõ34'

ixhqla; ksldfha§ jfrl zi;shZ r:dpd3⁄4hjrfhl=g Wmud fldg we;35' tuÕska bkaøsh" - n, O3⁄4u w;r i;shg we;s fidhd ne,Sfï lD;Hh yd yeisrùfï lD;Hh isyshg kxjhs' tuÕska iqmßCIdldÍ nj yd uOHia: ne,aula hk .=K u;= lr olajhs' i;sfha fuu iunr lsÍfï .=Kh b;du;a

15 16

úÑ;% f,i fmkajk ;j;a Wmudjlg wkqj" i;sh iudk fldg olajkafka lg uÜgug f;,a mqrjk ,o Ndckhla ysiska f.k .uka lrkafkl=gh36'

;j;a kso3⁄4Ykhlg wkqj i;sfha ziaurKZ .=Kh yd iqmßCIl Ndjh k.rfha m%Odk fodrgq md,lhdg iudk lr olajhs37' tys§ rc;=ud fj; Tmamq l< hq;= zmhsKavhlaZ iys; ¥;fhl= k.roajdrhg ,Õdjk cjksldjla f.k yermdhs' tys § fodrgq md,lhdf.a rdcldßh jkafka rc;=ud neye±lSug hd yels blaukau uÕ ±laùuhs' fjk;a ;efkl fufiau fodrgq md<lhdf.a m%;srEmh k.rdrCIdj yd iïnkaO fldg olajd we;' tu Wmudfõ§ k.rfha n, yuqodj ù3⁄4hhs' zm%{djZ fldgq ;dmamhhs' i;sh keu;s fodrgq md,lhdf.a ld3⁄4h jkafka kshu wjHdc k.r jeishd y÷kd .ekSu;a" Tyqg we;=,aùug bv ,nd §u;ah38' fï Wmfïh foflkau t<U isá i;sh we;s wjia:dfõ mj;sk ;;a;ajh ukdj biau;= fldg olajhs'

fuhska fojekak jkdyS" bkaøsh ixjrh yd iïnkaO i;s ud;%h bgq lrk yslauúfï fufyjr biau;= lrhs39' hg ±lajQ i;sh i;= f,!lsl iev myrj,a fu,a, lsÍfï lD;Hh fï fofjks Wmudfjkao isysm;a lr,hs' fodrgq md,lfhl= we;s ksid wkjirfhka k.rhg we;=¿ùug bvla fkd ,nkakd fia i;sh t<U isá úg bkaøsh oajdrj, my<jk m%;sl%shd yd wl=i,a ffp;isl my<ùug" wjirhla fkd ,nk whqre fmfka' i;sh tlu wdrCIdj-taldrlafLda nj i|yka jk ;j;a mdGhla uÕska o i;sfha fuu wdrCIl N+ñldj m%isoaO lrhs40' tfukau is;sú,s yd fÉ;kd úIfhys wêm;slu o i;sfha .=Khls41' zzwx.=;a;r ksldfhaZZ ±lafjk iQ;%hlg wkqj i;smÜGdk y;r ms<sn| h:d N+; ±kSu f.damd,lhdf.a ;u .j/, iïnkaO f.dapr N+ñh ms<sn| oCInj yd iu fldg olajd we;42' fuu ksoiqk uyd f.damd,l iQ;%fhA§ o yuqfõ' i;smÜGdk Ndjkdfõ jeo.;alu" fuu Oïu-úkh jDoaê Ndjhg" úmq, Ndjhg m;a lr,Sug wdOdrlhla f,ig yqjd olajd we;' iq;% msglfhau fjk;a ;ekl ks;r ovhïlrejka ylal,x .ik ^ießirk& ia:dkhla j÷rka fk.ejiS uÕ yßk iajNdjh ±laùfuka fhda.djprhd bÈka wdrCIdùug leu;s kï yeisÍu f.dapr

N+ñhg muKla iSud l< hq;= nj;a u;la lr fohs' tfiau ud3⁄4. m%{dj leu;s fhda.djprhd ;udf.a f.dapr N+ñh f,i i;smÜGdkfhau yeisÍu l< hq;= nj olajhs' fï ksrEmKh uÕska i;s ud;%fha we;s wruqKq w,a,d .ekSu iïnkaOj mej;sh hq;=44 ixjrh biau;= fldg olajhs' wf.dapr N+ñ f,i" mr úIh f,i hg fþofha ±lafjkafka ldu iqLhhs' ta wkqj" f.dapr N+ñh i;smÜGdkhhs45'

ihdldr bkaøshkag zwdmd;Z .;jk iq¨ úúO fudayKSh wruqKq bÈßfha ziqm;sÜÀ;Z i;sh olajk fkdief,k nj" úúO j,a i;=ka ih fofkl= ne| we;s fmdf<dfõ isgjQ l=¿klg ;j;a ;ekl Wmud fldg olajd we;46' fujka iqm;sÜÀ; i;shla mqyqKq fldg ke;s" lïmd fkdjk .;shla ke;s i;smÜGdk Ndjkdfõ úfYaIfhka wdrïNl wjia:dfõ miqjk fhda.djprhdf.a is; b;d blaukska ldu wruqKqj,g f.dÿreùu fkdje,elaúh yels isoaêhls' ud;=u iQ;%fha§ msKavmd;fha jäk NsCIqka jykafia kula fuf,i ukdf,i msysá i;shla fyda bkaøsh oukhla fkdue;sj msg;g jeãfï isoaêhla jd3⁄4;d fú' úkS; f,i iNH f,i yeo me<o fkd.;a ldka;djla uqK .eiSfuka ±ä ldudidj my< ùu ksid Ndjkdfõ Wlg,S jQ tu NsCIqj thskau isjqre yer .sh isoaêhla" wi;su;alfï wdÈkj ±laùula f,ig jd3⁄4;d fõ47'

i;sfha ,CIK yd ri i;smÜGdk iQ;%fha ,d bÈßm;a fldg we;s wkqYdikdjka ie,ls,af,ka mÍCId lsÍfï§ lsisu ;ekl ukig bÈßm;a jk foaj,aj,g yria lemSula lsÍug fhda.djprhdg Wmfoia §ula lr ke;s nj fmfkaa' ueÈy;a ùulao wkqu; lr ke;s nj fmfka' isf;a lsishï u kSjrK O3⁄4uhla mek k.S kï" i;sfha l3⁄4;jH jkafka tu ndOl O3⁄4uh weia mkd msg uQKg-uQK,d ±l .ekSuhs' tys ksreoaOùulg flfia uÕ mEfoa±hs ±k .ekSuhs' Bg tyd .sh il%sh odhl;ajhla i;shg whs;s ke;' we;a; jYfhkau th iïmc{×fha úIh fCIa;%hhs' nqoaO foaYKdjg wkqj ±k .; hq;= b;du;a jeo.;a ldrKh jkafka" uQ,sl ksÍCIK wjêh yd ta wkqj l%shd;aulùfï wjêh y÷kd .ekSuhs48' fuys ,d ir, jQ;a" Rcq jQ;a" ldrKh jkafka" lsishï ixisoaêhl§ wod, ksis mshjr .ekSug flfkl=g

17 18

19 20

oCI Ndjh ,efnkafka" ZZuq,ska u th b;d iómj ksrjq,aj ksÍCIKh l< yels úg muKsZZ' hkak jgyd .ekSuhs'

fuf,ig i;sh iuHla jHdhduh i|yd fhduq lrùug wjYH f;dr;=re iïmdokh lrk kuq;a" mj;sk wvq-jeälï ms<sn| ;=<kh lsÍulaa ;=<ska ms<shï ms<sn|j fidhd n,k kuq;a ;ud jYfhka uOHia:j uE;lg ù isg ksÍCIKh lsÍfï ;u .=Kh /lf.k isà" ;udg jvd l%shdYS,s fjk;a ffp;isl iu. mEys wfkHdkH f,i n,mdñka lghq;= lsÍfï yelshdj i;shg we;;a" fl,skau ueÈy;a ùula i;sh fkdlrhs49'

tf,i fkdmeg,efjk" ,sys,a ziqL.%dySZ ,CIKhla i;sh i;=j mj;S' i;sfha ld3⁄4hh jkafka isÿùu ms<sn|j yqÿ ±kqj;a lsÍuhs' ke;sj tajd ÿre lsÍu fkdfõ' ksyvj ksÍCIKh lrkafka" fm%aCIlfhl= l%Svd ;rÕhla n,kakd fiah' ueÈy;a ùula tys ke;50' fujka ksYaYío ksÍCIKhlg wl=i, Ou_ uev,Sug ;rï jk ksid t<U isá isysh b;d m%n, wdksixY f.k foa' tfia jk kuq;a tys lD;Hh jkdyS zzúhqla;ZZ jQ ksÍCIKhlg iSud fõ' i;sh w;a±lSu fjkia fkdlrhs' ta fjkqjg th .eUqre lrjhs'

ke. tkakd jQ m%;sl%shd fukau fm<öï meyeÈ,sj ±l .ekSug kï" fuu ueÈy;a fkdjkiq¿ .=Kh i;sh i;= úh hq;= fõ' fudkhï whqrlska fyda ueÈy;a ùulg ndOd lsÍula lsÍug" m%;sl%shdjlg hfula fm<fò kï i;sfha fuu úhqla; .=Kh tmuKlskau jydu keiS hhs' i;sfha fuu úhqla; jQ ,sys,a jQ" iqn.%dyS jQ ,CIKh wkqj" flfkl=g ;ud bÈßhg bÈßm;ajk ixisoaêfhka u|la fjka ù th ±l .; yelsùu ksid ;udf.a wd;au.; ueÈy;aùu wmCImd;sj ksÍCIKh l< yelsùu fukau uq¿ ixisoaêfhkau uqla;j isàug o yelshdj ,nkafkah' fuu úhqla; mrdih jvd;a úIh uQ, ±lSug uÕ mdok w;r" fï ;=<ska by; ±la jQ l=¿kla uqÿkg keÕ n,k ne,Su w3⁄4:j;a flf3⁄4'

zzi;smÜGdkfhaZZ fuu zúix.;Z fukau iqL.%dys yeisÍu jkdyS m%;sl%shd lsÍu yd m%;sfCIam lsÍu hk wka; fol uÕ yrjd uOHu m%;smodj mdod fohs52' ;udf.au wvq mdvq yd widOdrK m%;sl%shd fhda.djprhdf.a idjOdk yeisÍu bÈßfha

fy<sorjq jkafka iajlSh wd;au m%;srEmh ms<sn| wdfõKsl <ne¢hdjg mSvd fkdjk fiah' fuf,i t<eU isá isysh mj;sk úg by< uÜgfï ±kqï mriamr;djhka bjid isàfï yelshdj <x fjhs' iajlsh wvq mdvq yd ÿj_,;d ±lSfïÈ idudkHfhka bfígu jf.a wñysß fõokd wvq lr,Sfï m%h;akhlg fyda ta iïnkaO f;dr;=re úlD;s lr ±laúulg fyda flfkla fm<fò' kuq;a" i;sh i;= jq jvd;a úIh uQ, jq ,sys,a o3⁄4Ykhlg kefuk keïu w.;s.dñ fkdjQQ" wúêu;a jQ iajhx ksßCIKhlg fodr ljq¿ újD; lr fohs' fuu uOHia: jQ;a" wúêu;a jq;a iajNdjh" i;sfha ffki3⁄4.sl .=Kh" zzÅv~dmfodisldZZ kï jk foaj ksldhg iïnkaO fldg olajk újrKhl ±lafjkafka fufiah' tu Åvvdmfodisld kï foúhka ldu .=K-ldu l%Svd j, u;a jQq l,ays Tjqkaf.a i;sh .s,syS hhs' tf,i wi;su;aùfï wdÈkjhka f,i Tjqka tu foaj ksldfhka pq;j my;a ksp Ndjhlg m;aafõ53' fuhg m%;HCI idCIshla olajk ;j;a iq;%hlg wkqj" m%udÈ NsCIqjla my;a foaj ksldhl m%;sikaêh ,en isysh t<U isá l, jydu Wiia foaj f,dalhlg m;afõ54' fï ixisoaê folg wkqj i;sh i;= {dkh yd .=Kh ÈhqKq lrk iajNdjh;a" wdksixih;a olajhs'

i;sh jkdyS zukisldrhZ kï ffp;islhg iómpdÍ h" wNsO3⁄4u újrKhg wkqj tys uQ,sl lD;Hh jkqfha' ish¨u is;aj, fhÈ mej;Suhs55' ;u wêldßh jYfhka fuu ukisldrh kï jk idudkH is; fhduqlrùu uq,au Ñ;a;dl3⁄4IK fhÈu" ^y÷kd .ekSug;a fjkafldg ±k .eksug;a ufkdaNdj ke.Sug;a l,ska& wruqK ie<lSfï .=Kdx.h úoyd olajhs' i;sh jkdyS fuu m%:u i,ld ne,Su blaujd .sh ÈhqKqjla" jO_khla f,i ±laúh yel' ta wkqj w;s CIKsl jQ ukisldrh fyj;a wjOdk ud;%h jvd;a .eUqre ù meyeÈ,sùula i;sh uÕska i,ihs56'

i;sh yd ukisldrh hk ffp;isl fofla we;s o< jYfhka iudk pßhdj" i;smÜGdk yd fhdaksfidaukisldrh hk fol w;r we;s iudk;djhg lSm w;lska iudk njla olajhs' tys,d kSjrK O3⁄4uhkag m%;smË O3⁄4uhka foig wjOdkh fhduq lrùu;a' m[ap WmdodkialkaOhkays yd wruqKqj, wks;H;dj ms<sn| idjOdk nj;a" fndc®X. Ou_ ;yjqre lr<Ssu;a" p;=rd3⁄4h i;Hhka kqjKska fufkys lsßu;a hk lreKq fhdksfid ukisldrh iïnkaOfhka olajd we;s wjia:d iQ;% j,

yuqfõ57'

ukfia we;s bfí flfrk mqreÿ fyj;a weíneysh wkqj hñka" flfrk lghq;= neyer lr,Su iïnkaOfhka i;sfha fuu wjOdk ud;%h kï jk prshdj jeo.;a fõ' i;s ud;%h ;=<ska flfkl=g ;u bfí flfrk l%shd - m%;sl%shd yd Wml,amkj,ska is; fírdf.k we;a; we;s ieáfhka ±l .ekSug yelshdj ,efnkafkah' bkaøsh {dkhg u uq¨ wjOdkh fhduq flfrk ksid bfíg fuka mqreoaog fuka lrk m%;spdr ms<sn| f;dr;=re wkdhdifhkau fy<sfõ' isf;a uq,a neif.k we;s ydkslr mqreÿ yd krl .;s fjkia lr,Sfï uq,au mshjr f,i fuu bfí flfrk m%;spdr ±l-±k .ekSu w;HjYHhh'

i;sh i;= fuu zzyqÿ wjOdkhZZ b÷rka ixjr lsßfï§s úfYaIfhka jeo.;a fõ' wkql%ufhka jefvk fuu jev ms<sfjf,a § wdÈlïñl fhda.djprhd ihdldr wruqKq ms<sn|j uq,ska u fuu i;s ud;%h fh§u flfrys Wkkaÿ lrjkq ,efí' ndOdjlska f;drj fuu i;s ud;%h t<U issá muKskau" is;g úúO fodrgqj,ska ßx.d .kakd wruqKq úNd. lrñka ne,Su fyda j3⁄4. lsÍu hï m%udKhlg isÿfõ58' i;smÜGdkh jkdyS fhda.djprhdg f.dapr N+ñhhs' tys ,d zzi;sh jkdyS fodrgq md,lhdZZhs hkqfjka ±lajk Wmudj ;=<ska i;sfha wdrCIl N+ñldj úfYaIfhka bkaøsh ixjrh m%lg lrhs'

iQq;%dka; l%uhg bkaøsh ixjrh jkdys wNsÊ®d-fodaukii fol ÿre lsÍu i|ydhs' fï foflka f;dr Ndjh i;smÜGdkfha o uqLH mrud3⁄4:h hs' fï wkqjZZ wNsÊ®d- fodaukii folg hg ù isÿ lrk m%;sl%shd ÿre lsÍï fyj;a uld ±óu bkaøsh ixjrfha yd i;smÜGdkfha fmdÿ ,CIKh hs59' fï ksid fuu ld3⁄4hhka foflys ,d iEfyk iu.dñ Ndjhla ±l .; yel'

idudkH weíneysùï j,g fmdÿ ,CIKhla jk bfí isÿjk nj fyda mqreoao wkqj" fkd ±kSu isÿjk m%;sl%shd j,g fl<ska u tÈßj lghq;= lsÍu" hg lS bkaøsh ixjrh yd i;smÜGdkh hk m%;sm;a;s fofla § u isÿ fõ' i;su;a nj uq,a wÈhf3⁄4§ u t<U isàu ksid flfkl=g ±k ye¢k.ekSï iïnkaOj yeisrùfï m%ia:djla ,;a ;eku ,efnk w;r"

tuÕska ;udf.a mqreÿ kej; i,ld n,d yev.iajd .ekSug yelshdjla ,efí' fuys ,d w.h lghq;= .=Kh jkafka i;sfha we;s iqL.%dys nj;a tuÕska ;ud weia mkdmsg w;aolsk foag iïmQ3⁄4K wjOdkh wNsuqL lrùug;a tuÕska i;sfha we;s jydu ;Skaÿjlg fkd t<öfï .=Kh wkqj jyd m%;sl%shd fkd lsÍu jeo.;a fõ'

fï wkqj i;sfha we;s iqL.%dys nj fyj;a ,sys,aj ta;a;= .kakd nj wdrïNl wÈhf3⁄4§ u fhfok ksid mqreoao wkqj isÿfjk foaj,a ms<sn|j ±kqj;aùu;a" tuÕska ;ud fldhs ;rï ÿrg wfÉ;kslj" hdka;%slj fuka l%shd lrkafka ± hs ;lafiarejla lsÍug bvla wef3⁄4' fuh;a wruqK ms<sno f;dard fírd ms<s.ekSfï" j3⁄4Khlg hg lsÍfï i;sh i;= .=Kh ms<sìUq lrkakls' fï wkqj fu;=jla l,a yqÿ weoySï u; úYajdih u; fldf;la ÿrg ;ud fkd ±k kuq;a t,anf.k isáfha ± hs ±ka ±ka w;aolsk m%;HCIh wkqj fy,sorõ fõ' wiïNdjk l%shd fyj;a weíneyshlg wkqj fyda bfíg isÿfjk - isÿlrk l%shd yd há isf;a uekSï yd .eUqre m%Yak lrk ;;a;ajhka biau;= lrf.k" tajd kej; i,ld ne,Sfï" kej; yev.iajd .ekSfï bv m%ia:djla i;sh ,nd fok nj fuhska fmfka'

i;sh i;= fuu wmCImd;S jq o" uOHia; jQ o" .=Kh iuyr úg f;aÍulg fkd t<öu fyj;a ;SrKhlg blauka fkdùu (Choicelessness) hehs olajd we;' ;SrKhlg blauka fkjQ kuq;a mQ3⁄4K wjOdkfhka lsisu m%;sl%shdjlg fkd t<ö miq ùu fuhska woyia flf3⁄4' fujka wmCImd;S fukau WfmaCId iys; ksÍCIKhla iQ;% msglfha fjk;a ;ekl ±lafjkafka" levm;l Wmudfjks60' nqÿmshdKka jykafia iajlSh udkisl;ajh ms<sn| t<U isá wjOdkh ;udf.au uqK ne,Sug fhdod .kakd lKakdählg Wmud lsÍfuka levm; ;ud fj;g m;a fohla lsisu f;aÍulg ,la fkd fldg ms<sôUq lrkakd fia fhda.djprhd wdidjlska fyda wukdmhlska fyda fkd ueã t<fUk udkisl;ajh WfmaCIdfjka hqla;j n,hs hkak foaYKd lrk fial' fuf;la bÈßm;a lrk ,o f;dr;=re ms`vq lr.;a l,ays" i;sh ;yjqre ùfï§ zzúmrïldÍZZ njla olajk kuqÿ" th iqL.%dys fyj;a iqL kuH" ,sysÉp ksÍËKhla njg m;a

21 22

fõ' WfmaËl nj yd yqÿ wjOdk ud;%hla jYfhka" tys ,ËK fmfka' ±kqj;aùfï uq,a lD;Hfha uq,a wÈhrfha§ u jdf.a fhfok fuu i;sh kï ffp;islh l,n, fkdù m%fõYfuka jeäh hq;= w;r" tuÕska wjOdkfha jO_kh iqLkuH f,i we;slrjhs' tys,d jeo.;a ,ËKhla f,i wmËmd;S jQ jgyd .ekSñ ud;%h" ks;r úmrïldÍ ùu' mq¿,a fukau újD; Ndjh ±laúh yel' fuuÕska isÿ lrk m%Odk lD;Hhla jkafka iajhxl%Shj flfrk mqreÿ-m%;sl%shd l%ufhka neyer,Su;ah i;sh fuf,i ta;a;= .ekSfï ;lafiare lsÍfï jev ms<sfj, m%.;sYS,Sj m%;sjHqy.; lsÍula yryd we;a; we;s ieáfhka ±lsfï ksrdl+, njla" fyj;a wúCIsma; o3⁄4YKhla olajñka ksudj igyka lrhs' fuu fkd.efgk iq¨ kuq;a úmrïldÍ" iqL kuH kuq;a fkd mels< .ekSu iys; i;sh tu wkqN+;skaf.a wka;3⁄4.;h fkd blaujñkao" jyd m%;sl%shd lsÍfukaa je<lSfukao" hqla; ù uOHu m%;smodjg m%fõYhla fukau mokulao i,ihs' i;sh i;= iuyrla ,CIK ms<sn| jQ fuu úuiqug wk;=rej l%shdldÍ i;sh hkak i;r i;smÜGdkhg wkqj ú.%yhlg nisuq' Bg iqÿiq miqìula iQodkï lsÍula jYfhka m%:ufhka i;smÜGdkh hk moh ú.%y lruq'

4' i;smÜGdk' i;smÜGdk hk moh i;s+WmÜGdk hk f,ig fnod oelaúh yel' fuys§ iajrf,damh isÿùfuka ZZWZZ hkak f,dma fõ' WmÜGdk hk md<s jpkh ZZt<U isàuZZ hk w3⁄4:h okjk w;r Wla; iïm%fhda.fha§ i;sh iuÕ hulg t<öu fyda i;sfhka hqla;j fmkS isàu woyia flf3⁄4' iQ;% O3⁄4u w;r zzWmÜGdkZZ hk fï l%shd moh t<öu fyda Wmia:dkh hk mohkaf.a úúO jQ;a ishqï jQ;a w3⁄4: fNao iys;j fkdfhla ;ekaj, ±lsh yel'61-62' fuf,ig f;areï fíreï lr.;a úg i;smÜGdkh hehs lshkafka úoHdudk wjia:djg ,xj isàfï w3⁄4:fhka i;sh t<U isàu yd ZZwf;a ÿßkaZZ kuq;a iQodkñka isák w3⁄4:fhka Wmia:dkh fõ' fjk;a wdldrhlg olajf;d;a i;smÜGdkh hkq t<U isá isysh fyda i;sh;a iuÕ Wmia:dkh hk w3⁄4:hhs' flfia kuq;a wÜG l;d j, i;smÜGdkh hkak mÜGdkh hk mohg wkqj w3⁄4: olajk w;r mÜGdkh hkq moku" fya;=j hk w3⁄4: okjhs63' wÜG l;dj, ±lafjk fuu ú.%yhg wkqj i,ld n,kafka kï iïm%hqla; moh i;smÜGdkh fkdj zzi;smamÜGdkhZZ úh hq;=

neúka fuh úh yels hehs is;Sug wmyiq njla fmfka' ;j ÿrg;a mÜGdk hk l%shd moh lsis úfgl;a i;s hkak iuÕ fh§ we;s ;eka iq;% msGlfha yuq fkdfõ' wvq ;rñka mÜGdk hkak mjd uq,a iQ;%j, lsis;ekl fhoS ke;s w;r miq ld,SK wNsOïu yd wÜG l;dj, muKla yuq jk mohls' ixikaokd;aulj i<ld ne,Sfï§ iQ;%j, ks;r ks;r i;s hkak WmÜGd;s hk l%shd moh iuÕ fhfok ksid WmÜGdk hkak ksrela;s Ydia;%hg wkqj ksje/È zzjHq;amkakhZZ fõ64' fuhg wkq.dó ixialD; moh jk ZZiauD;Hqmia:dkZZ hkak fuh jvd;a m%lg lrhs' fï fhÿu md<sfha Wmia:dk hkakg iudk jk w;r iïm%hqla; mohg ksje/È ú.%yhla o imhhs'

Wla; wÜG l;d újrKh uÕska mek kÕsk .eg¿j jkafka" i;smÜGdkh hkak wjOdkfha úfYaI wdldrhla hk f;areug jvd i;sfha moku fyj;a i;sh msysgqùu i|yd jk fya;=j hk w3⁄4:h §uhs' tuÕska" wjOdkh l%shdldß;ajfha isg wruqK foig udre lsÍula lrhs' kuq;a i;smÜGdkh jkdys i;sh i|yd yqÿ fya;=j fyda moku muKla fkdfõ65' ulaksido h;a i<dh;k úNx. iQ;%fha§ nqÿmshdKka jykafia i;r i;smÜGdkhg wu;rj ;j;a i;smÜGdk ;=kla foaYkd fldg we;s fial' fï ;=k;a i;smÜGdk jYfhka u kï fldg we;af;a" i;smÜGdkh hkq wruqKq f;aÍula ms<sn| m%Yakhla jkjdg jvd ;yjqre lr.; hq;= wod, udkisl .=K ,S,djla jk neúkah'

5' i;r i;smÜGdkh' i;smÜGdk lD;Hfha§ i;sh fCIa;% y;rla ms<sn|j ie<ls,su;a fõ' tajd kï lh" fõokd" is; yd Oïu hk fCIa;% y;rhs' fï y;r ;=<ska Oïu hkak kSjrK hgm;a lsÍu" fndaÊ®x. jeãu" mxp ialkaOhka jgyd .ekSu" i<dh;k iy wd3⁄4h i;Hhka y;r hk nqoaO foaYkdfõ úfYaI jákdlula we;s W.ekaùï woyia flf3⁄4' iómj mÍCId lsÍfï§ fuu i;r i;smÜGdkhka ;=< .eíù we;s l%ñl;ajh mshjfrka mshjr bÈßhg hEula ksrEmKh lrhs'^igyk wxl 02 n,kak& ldhdkqmiaikdj YdÍßl bßhõ yd YÍr.; l=Km fldgia úNd. fldg ne,Su jeks m%:ñl wNHdij,ska mgka f.k bosßhg .uka lrhs' fõokdkqmiaikdj wjêh i|yd fu,i l%ufhka ÈhqKqjk ixfõ§ ;djhlg moku i,ihs' i;sh fuf,i jyd jgyd .;

23 24

yels ldhsl w;a±lSï" ´<dßl foaj, isg jvd ixfõ§ w;a±lSï jk fõokd fyj;a úúO úkaok lrd wNsuqL lrhs' jvd ishqï jQ idjOdk wruqKq fj;g fhduqj ,nd foa' zzfõokdkqmiaikdjZZ ;ud l%shd;aul jk iajNdjh jk iqL" ÿlaL" iy wÿlaLuiqL hk ;=ka wdldrhg u iSud fkdù f,!lsl yd f,!lsl fkdjk isoaê olajd u me;sf3⁄4' f,!lsl fkdjk fuu fõokd ms<sn| Ndjkdj wdpdr O3⁄4u ms<sn| úNd.hg wdrïNh ,nd foa' fï wkqj i;sh l=i, wl=i, hk ffp;islhka fjkafldg ±k .ekSu olajd j3⁄4Okh fõ' fuf,i fodrgq újr lrkafka Ñ;a;dkqmiaikdjgh'

i;smÜGdk Ndjkd úldYh $ bÈß .ukigyk wxl 02

zzÑ;a;dkqmiaikdjZZ jkdyS isf;a f,daN" fodaI" fuday" WoaoÉp hk ffp;isl we;s-ke;s nj ±k .ekSu hk ;ekska mgkaf.k l%ufhka ÈhqKq ù f.dia uy.a.; is;a y;frys we;s - ke;s nj olajd wkqmiaikdjla f,i jefâ' fuu uy.a.; is;a ms<sn| Ndjkdj iajNdjfhkau .eUqre iudêhla ,nd .ekSu j,lajk ndOl O3⁄4u ms<sn| úia;r úNd.hlg bfíu bv i,ihs' fïjd jkdyS zzOïudkqmiaikdfjysZZ ,d m%:ufhka u

bÈßm;a jk kSjrK O3⁄4u fõ'

fuf,i Ndjkdjg n,mdk kSjrK O3⁄4u úNd. lsÍulg wk;=rej zzOïudkqmiaikdjZZ wNHka;r.; w;a±lSï úYaf,aIKh lsÍu foúêhlg isÿ lrhs' tkï m[apialkaO jYfhka yd Iâ bkaøsh O3⁄4u jYfhks' fï úYaf,aIkh fndÊ®x. Ndjkdjg myiqlr w;aje,la imhhs' ta i;smÜGdk Ndjkdfõ ó<Õ mshjrhs' wjidk jYfhka wjfndaOh uqÿkam;a lrñka p;=rd3⁄4h i;Hh ms<sn| Ndjkdj ksudj igyka lrhs'

fï wkqj i;smÜGdk Ndjkdj zz´,dßlZZ ;ekska mgkaf.k l%ufhka zziQCIuZZ ;eklg wkql%ñlj ÈhqKq lrhs' fï f3⁄4Çh wkql%ñl ÈhqKqj m%dfhda.sl mokula fkdue;sj lrk yqÿ ufkdauh ks3⁄4foaYhla fkdfõ' WodyrKhla f,i zzldhdkqmiaikdjZZ m%drïN wNHdihla f,i i,ld uQ,slj i;sh jeãfï wruqKla f,i bÈßm;a lrk w;r wjidk jYfhka ±lafjk p;=rd3⁄4Hh i;Hh ms<sn| wNHdihg ksfrdaOh o wvx.= jk neúka i;smÜGdkfha uqÿkam;aùu thska idCId;a fõ'

tfia kuqÿ flfia fyda fuu l%uh u i;smÜGdk m%.;sh i|yd we;s tlu l%uh hehs woyia fkd flf3⁄4' i;smÜGdk Ndjkdfõ ,d ix.%y ù we;s wkqms<sfj,;a we;a;gu Ndjkd lrk fhda.djprfhl=f.a W;aidyh wkqj isÿjk l%ñl j3⁄4Okh;a i,ld ne,Sfï§ mqoa.,slj fhda.djprfhl= w;aolsk m%foaYh n,j;a f,ig iSud jQ tlla nj fmfka' ta fhda.djprhd w;a±lSïj,g f.dÿre jk iSñ; ixisoaê yd w;a±lSï muKla Tyqf.a i;sh jO_kfhys ,d wruqKq jYfhka l%shd lrhs' kuq;a i;smÜGdkfha m%Odk ,CIKh jkqfha bÈßm;a jk ixisoaêh l=ula fyda fõjd" thg we;s ieáfhkau idjOdk ùuhs' tjka wjOdkhla iajNdjfhka u ´,dßl ;eklska mgkaf.k ishqï ;ek lrd bÈßhg .uka l<;a" Ndjkdfõ fh§ .; lrk úg tu iQ;%fha ±lafjk wkqms<sj,ska fjkiaj .uka lsÍug iEfyk bvla we;af;ah'

wkq.ukh lrk ms<sfj, l=ula jQj;a" iQLkuH jQ;a" wx. iïmQ3⁄4K jQ;a i;smÜGdk ÈhqKqjla i|yd ish¿u j3⁄4.- j, w;a±lSïj,ska iukakd.; úh hq;= fõ' flfkl= Ndjkd

25 26

wdkdmdk mín bßhdm: mín iïmc[a[ mín fo;sia fldÜGdY Od;= ukisldr mín kjiSjÓl mín

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lrk úg Ndjkd ÈhqKqj;a iuÕ ta ta i;smÜGdkhka wod< f,i ld3⁄4h idOkh lrhs' WodyrKhla f,i ldhdkqmiaikd fldgi Ndjkdfõ u;= wjêhl § w;yer ±óug fyda neyer lsÍug isÿfõ hehs fkd lshefõ' ulaksido h;a th ry;a W;=uka jykafia,dg;a tlfia jeo.;a jk neúks' ij_{ jQ nqÿ mshdKka jykafia mjd wdkdmdki;s Ndjkdj jßka jr jevQ njg we;s idOl fï nj ;yjqre lrhs66' fuf,i i;smÜGdk iQ;%fha ,d wvx.= jk Ndjkd zzl3⁄4uia:dkZZ tlsfklg wfkHdkH jYfhka WmldÍ nj fmfka' tla tla fhda.djprhdf.a pß;hg WÑ; f,ig l3⁄4uia:dk wkqms<sfj, fjkiaj fhfoa'

fuf,i i;smÜGdk i;r tlsfkld wfkHdkH jYfhka Wmldr jkjdla fuka u ta ish,a, tlu i;smÜGdk zzmj_hlaZZ;=< iuia;hla f,i tlg tl;= fldg ±laùug o yelshdj we;' wdkdmdk iQ;%fha § tlu wdkdmdki;s Ndjkd fldgfia§ ish¨ i;smÜGdkhka jefvk fia bÈßhg hEula iQ;%.; jd3⁄4;dj, we;67' fuu újrKh tlu Ndjkdjla ;=< i;r i;smÜGdkh u ix.%y jk nj yqjd olajhs'

wdkdmdk i;s iQ;%hg wkqj tlu Ndjkd wruqKlska úúO i;smÜGdk jeäh yels jk w;r jev ms<sfj, ksudj olsk úg ish¨ i;smÜGdkhka iïmQ3⁄4K njg m;ajkq we;' fï ksid tla tla i;smÜGdkhla fyda tla tla lugykla fldf;la ÿrg Ndjkd l< hq;= ±hs m%Yakhla mek kÕS'

tl i;smÜGdkhla u jeãfuka i;HdjfndaOh isÿùfï isoaê iQ;% lSmhl u jd3⁄4;dù we;68' we;a; jYfhka ´kE u Ndjkd l%uhlg wkqj i;sh ÈhqKq ùfï § wjOdkfha lemS fmfkk j3⁄4Okhla wkdhdifhka u ie,fik w;r tuÕska idudkH jg msgd ;;aa;ajh ms<sn| wjÈ nfõ .=Kd;aul jO_khla ie,fia' we;a; jYfhka u tu idudkH wjfndaOh ;udf.a uQ, l3⁄4uia:dkhg u isud ù ,nkakla fkd fõ' fuf,i i;smÜGdkh hgf;a úfYaIfhka kï jYfhka i|yka fldg fkdue;s fldgia o ;ud jvk uQ, l3⁄4uia:dkh jeãfï § w;=re M,hla f,i i;sfha wjOdkhg ,laùu isÿ fõ'

wdkdmdk iQ;%hg wkqj ;jÿrg;a .uka lsÍfï§ yqiau ms<sn| wjOdk ud;%h muKska flfkl=g ish¿ u i;smÜGdkhka

ms<sn|j mßphla ,nd§ug fmdfydi;a jk njla wksjd3⁄4fhka fkd lshefõ' nqÿ mshdKka jykafia tys,d u;=lr,Sug W;aidy lrkafka ukd f,i ;yjqre lr .;a i;sh wdkdmdkfha isg jvd mD:q, mrdihlg" úúO m%;HCI wjfndaOhka yryd uÕ fy<s lrkafkah" hk woyihs' ±la jQ mßÈ úúO mD:q, mrdihlg wh;a jk wx.hka wdjrKh l< yels jkafka ta i|yd u is; fhdod lrk Ndjkdfjka nj fuys,d úfYaIfhka ioyka fldg ke;' tu ksid u ish¨ wNsu; w3⁄4:hka bIag lr.ekSu i,ld iïmQ3⁄4K iQ;%h u foaYkd l< nj jgyd .; hq;= h'

fï ksid tla zzmj_hlaZZ fyj;a mqrella uQ, lu_ia:dkh jYfhka f;dard .kafka kuq;a" i;r i;smÜGdkhka u Ndjkd lsÍu" i;rg u is; fhdod Ndjkd lsÍu kqjKg yqre h' oaú;Sh l3⁄4uia:dkh jYfhka i,ld fyda tfia Ndjkd lsÍu fyd| h' fï woyi i;smÜGdk iQ;%fha wjidk ks.ukd;aul fldgfia lshfjk ksjk ms<sn| wkd.; jdlHh ±lafjk fldgi yd iudk njla olajhs' tu.ska w3⁄4y;a M,h i|yd fyda wkd.dó M,h i|yd i;r i;smÜGdkhka u jeäh hq;= nj wjOdrKh lrhs70' fuf,i i;smÜGdk y;rla u we;=<;a fldg foaYkd lsÍfuka zz.uHzz jkafka W;=ï i;HdjfndaOh idlaId;a lr .ekSug kï i;rdx. iukakd.; iuia; Ndjkdj u tl fia jeäh hq;= njhs' fï ldrKh i;smÜGdk zzixhqla;fhaoZZ ±lafjk w;r" iuyrla fldgia jYfhka muKla f.k lrk Ndjkdj my< M, {k wjfndaOhkag fya;= jk nj jeä ÿrg;a olajd we;71'

wdkdmdk ixhq;;fha ±lafjk mdGhlg wkqj i;r i;smÜGdkhka i;r È.ska meñfKk r:j,g Wmud fldg we;' iEu me;a;lskau meñfKk r:" ykaÈh yryd .uka lsÍu ksid y;r ux ykaÈh ueo /iaj ;sfnk hï ¥ú,s f.dvla úh yels kï th úisÍ hkafkah72' ta wkqj iEu i;smÜGdkhlau hï fia úúO È.ska meñfKk r: uÕska yxÈh ueo frdlaj we;s ¥ú,s úiqrejd yßkafka o" tf,ig u kSjrK Ou_ hgm;a lsÍug yeu w;ska u iu;a jkafka h' fuu Wmudj uÕska i;r i;smÜGdk tl tll wfkHdkH iyfhda.h olajhs' túg i;r ux ikaêhl ueo tl;=ùug bv we;s ¥ú,s úúO Èidj,ska meñfKk r: uÕska hï fia b;sßjla ke;sj msi yßkafka o tfia u jkafkah' fï wkqj tla tla i;smÜGdkhla" tla tla mj_hla

27 28

.eUqre úmiaikdjg nei .ekSug m%fõYhla ,nd fokafka h' i;r i;smÜGdkh u iïmQ3⁄4K lsÍug flfkla .kakd W;aidyh lrK fldg f.k" flfia kuq;a" iQ;%fha ±lafjk úúO Ndjkd fldgia j, ta ta iqúfYaI .=Kj,g iudkqmd;slj Ndjkd m%.;sh fõ.j;a jkjdla fukau wx. iïmQ3⁄4K ùu;a" iunr;djhg m;a ùu;a wkql%ufhka isÿ fõ'

i;smÜGdk tl tll we;s úúO .=Kdx.hkag wkqj úúO l3⁄4;jHhka i,id fok ksid mQ3⁄4K;ajh i|yd ish,af,a iduQysl j3⁄4Okh ke;sj neß fohla fõ' fk;a;smamlrKfha yd tys wgqjdfõ fï ldrKh jd3⁄4;d lrkafka" tla tla i;smÜGdkhg wod, iïnkaO;d j.=jla f,isks' igyk wxl 03 n,kak'

wÜG l:d ±laùug wkqj i;smÜGdk tl tlla ialkaO tl tllg wkqrEm fõ' rEm ialkaOh" fõokd ialkaOh yd i[a[d ialkaOh wkqms<sfj,ska uq,a i;smÜGdk ;=kg wkqrEm fõ' i[a[d ialkaOh yd ixialdr ialkaOh Oïudkqmiaikdjg wkqrEm fõ72'

igyk wxl 03 i;smÜGdk i;f3⁄4 mriamr iïnkaO;d

ldhdkqmiaikdj fõokdkqmiaikdj Ñ;a;dkqmiaikdj Oïudkqmiaikdj

ialkaO ldh fõokd Ñ;a; i[a[d$ixialdr

ks3⁄4foaYh ÿj_,f,daN pß;hdg

m%n, f,daN pß;hdg

ÿ3⁄4j, Ñ;lalpß;hdg

m%n, Ñ;lalpß;hdg

msysgqùu málal+, nj

ÿl wks;Hh wkd;au nj

jvd iómj ne,Sfï §" flfia kuq;a" fuu mriamr iïnkaO;d t;rï n,j;a ke;s nj fmfka' ulaksido h;a" ;=kajk i;smÜGdkh jk É;a;dkqmiaikdj ish¨u kdu O3⁄4uhka iïnkaO lrf.k mj;skakla jk w;r yqÿ ú[a[dK ialkaOhg iSud fkd fõ' tfia u Oïudkqmiaikdj;a iajNdjfhka ish¿ ialkaOhka u wdjrKh lrkakla ksid olajd we;s f,ig i[a[d$ixialdr hk ialkaO folg jvd jeä mrdihla mqrd me;sr mj;skakls' flfia kuq;a fuys § olajkakg W;aidy

lrkafka iajlSh m%;HCI Ndjkd w;a±lSï iïnkaO ish¿ u wx. i;r i;smÜGdkhka ;=<ska u;= lr .ekSu úh yel' tf,iska i<ld n,k l," fuu m%h;akh jkdyS ;u Ndjkd m%;HlaIh m[apialkaOh yd i;r i;smÜGdk jYfhka .,md ne,Sula fõ' fuu m%h;akhka foflkau fhda.djprhdf.a wd;aóh udhdj Èhdre lr,Su isÿ fõ' fhda.djprhd m%;HCIhkag úúOdldrfhka i;sh fhduq lr,Su uÕska ;u w;a±lSu u h,s;a wruqKq lsÍfuka tajdfha ieÕù we;s >K i[a[djka yd uu h hk wd;aóh idrhka ì§ úisr hdug mgka .kS' ;udf.a u wd;au .; w;a±lSï wruqKla f,i olsk úg jvd;a uu h - udf.a h hk uudhkh ÿj_, fõ' tla tla ialkaOhla ;jÿrg;a ufula jYfhka ±l.; fkd yels jk ;rug fyj;a ufula we; hk i[a[djg ieÕù isáh fkd yels ;rug ±ä f,i mßCIdjg ,la lrk fuka nqÿmshdKka jykafia lrk wkqYdikdj fuh iuÕ lÈug .e<fma74' ialkaO O3⁄4uhka w;r mriamr iïnkaO;djhkag;a jvd wÜG l:d uÕska i;smÜGdk tl tlla ta ta pß; i|yd ks3⁄4foaY lsÍula lrhs' ta wkqj" ldh-fõokd hk i;smÜGdkhka f,daNdêl pß;hdg m%Odk m%;smodj úh hq;= w;r' Ñ;a;-Oïu hk i;smÜGdkhka nqoaê pß;" Ñ;lal pß; we;a;kag fhda.H f,i wjOdrKh fldg we;75' fï wkqj m<uq yd fojk i;smÜGdk fol yeÕSïnr pß;j,g iqÿiq jk w;r b;sß fol m%{d pß;hlg fyj;a nqoaê pß;hlg ks3⁄4foaY flf3⁄4' fï wjia:d fofla u ;SCIK m%{djka;hdg Ñ;a;-Oïu hk jvd ishqï wkqmiaikdjka o" okaOm[[ mqoa.,hd i|yd jvd ´,dßl jQ ldh-fõokd hk wkqmiaikdo ks3⁄4foaY lsÍu jvd m%{d f.dapr nj .efÕa' fïjd pß; jYfhka fuys ±lafj;;a wjia:dfõ mj;sk udkisl jd;djrKh wkqj;a tf,i iqÿiq fia fhdod .; yelaflah' ta wkqj l=iS; jQ o" wdidjkaf.ka uevqkd jQ o wjia:dj,g ldhdkqmiaikdj iqÿiq nj ksoiqkla f,i ±laúh yelafla h' fkma;smamlrKh yd úiqoaê u.a. hk .%ka: foflys u' i;r i;smÜGdkhka i;rdldr jQ úm,a,di j,g m%;HCI O3⁄4u f,i msysgqjd we;af;a h' tu úm,a,di jkdyS" wiqN" ÿlaL" wks;H" wkd;au jQ foaj,a iqN" iqn" ks;H" wd;au jYfhka jrojd .ekSu fõ76' fïjdg wkqj ldhdkqmiaikdj wiqNh u;=lr ±laúu ;u mrud3⁄4:h fldg we;' fõokdkqmiaikdj flfkl= w;Dma;slrj iem ¨yqne| hEug tÈßj l%shd lrhs' úúO jQ

29 30

Ñ;a; iajNdjhka ;u wd;au.; w;a±lSï jy jyd fjkia jk iq¨ wks;Hh nj;a" wjidk jYfhka Oïudkqmiaikdj iaÓridr jQ wd;auhla lsis ;ekl;a fkd ,eìh yels nj;a olajhs' fï bÈßm;a lsÍug wkqj tl tl i;smÜGdkhla úfYaIfhka iqN" iqn" ks;H" wd;au hk úm,a,dihka fyj;a uq,djka ÿre lsÍug iu;a nj m%ldY lrhs' wod< úmiaikdjka wkq,a,x>kSh f,i tl tlla i;smÜGdkhg iSudù ke;;a" tla úm,a,dihla wêlj l%shd lrk fhda.S pß;hla i|yd l=uk i;smÜGdkhla .e,mS hkafkao hkak i<ld ne,Sfï§ fuuÕska bÕshla iemfha'

wjidkfha§ ish¨u k.roajdrhka tlu k.rhlg m%fõYh ,nd fokakd fia i;r i;smÜGdkhka u tlu ksjka mqrhg m;a lr,Sug" tlu fCIau N+ñhg fhduq lr,Sug fldgia lrefjda fj;a77' wÜG l:dj olajk ksoiqklg wkqj WK ng úhkakd tl u WK nïnqj y;rg m,d l=vhla úhkakd fia fuu y;rg fn§u jkdyS tl tll lD;Hh yd l%shdldß;ajh wkqj lrk fn§uls78'

i;sh i;smÜGdkfha § ;SrKd;aul jkakdla fiau iu: Ndjkdfõ§ o úfYaI N+ñldjla olajhs' ta iïnkaOfhka fu;eka mgka wjOdkh fhduq lrjuq'

06' i;sh yd iudêh ukd f,i ;yjqre lr.;a i;sfha wLKav meje;au OHdk m%;s,dNh i|yd ke;sj neß fohls79' úiqoaê u.a.fha ±lafjk mßÈ i;sfha Wmldrh fkd ,nk iudêh .eUqre uÜgulg wj;S3⁄4K fkdfõ'80' .eUqre iudêfhka keÕS isá kej; wdj3⁄4ckh" mÉpfplaLKh lsÍfï§ fuu i;sh Wmldr fõ81' fuf,i OHdkhlg iu je§fï § tys .; lrk wjia:dfú § fukau ke.S isàfï § fuu i;sh w;HdjYHh'

;=kajk OHdkfha § i;sh úfYaIfhka wjYH fõ 83' i;rjk OHdkhg muqKqjd.;a is; fyd¢ka jYS Ndjhg m;a lr .;af;a kï th wNs[a[d i|yd mdol lr .; yelaflah' tys§ o i;sh .eUqre WfmaCIdj weiqre lrk ksid úfYaI f,i iqoaêhlg m;a fõ84' iQ;% msGlfha lsysm ;ekl § u OHdk bmehsug;a" bka wk;=rej;a wNs[aa[d ,dNh msKsi;a i;smÜGdkh moku i,ik nj olajd we;85' iudê Ndjkdfõ § i;smÜGdkfha

N+ñldj wkqms<sfj,ska bÈßhg hEu olajk iïu; l%uhg wkqj uQ,sl mshjr jYfhka lh ms<sn| zziïmc[a[ZZ fldgi OHdk m%;s,dNhg fya;= jk nj olajhs' tys,d wjidkhg olajk i;r jk zziïmc[a[hZZ jkdys Oïudkqmiaikdj jYfhka kSjrK Ou_ yÿkd .ekSug;a" tajdfha ÿre ù hEu ±l .ekSug;a wdOdrl fõ'

i;smÜGdkh zzOHdkZZ uÜgug ÈhqKqùu" iúia;rj w;=re wjia:d;a iys;j oka; N+ñ iQ;%fha ±lafõ' fuys oelafjk w;=re wjia:dj, § o lsisu is;sú,a,lg bvla fkd;nd86 ldh-fõokd-Ñ;a;-Oïu hk wkqmiaikdjka È.g bÈßhg úldYkh fõ' ixl%uK wjêfha § i;smÜGdk iQ;%fha § i;sh iómj weiqre lrk ffp;islhka jYfhka i|yka jk wd;dms-iïmcdfkd hk fïjd fkdmej;Su lemS fmfkk ,CIKhls' fuu ke;s nj ksid fuu wjêfha§ Ndjkdj ;jÿrg;a i;smÜGdkh fkdjk nj;a" ixl%uK wjêh nj;a olajhs' fuu is;sú,sj,ska f;dr ixl%uK wjêh i;smÜGdk iQ;%fha ±lafjk ,sys,a jQ;a" uOHia: jQ;a ksÍCIK .=Khg iudk njla olajk w;r u i;smÜGdkh .kakd wruqK u .kS' ta jdf.a u fuh úmiaikdfjka iudêhg yerùfï wjêh meyeÈ<sj i<l=Kq lrhs' fuu ixl%uKh;a iuÕ u ZZkshuZZ i;smÜGdkfha isg jvd;a Ydka; jQ Ndjkdjlg yeÍfï§ zzOHdkZZ m%;s,dNhg bv ie,fia'

fuu wjia:djka i,ld ne,Sfï § i;sh iu: Ndjkdfõ § o jeo.;a ld3⁄4h Nd3⁄4hla bgq lrk nj meyeÈ,s fõ' zzpQ, fõo,a,ZZ iQ;%fha § i;smÜGdkh iudêfha ksñ;a; f,i olajd we;af;a fï ldrKh ksid úh yelaflah87' Wiia iudê Ndjkduh jYS Ndjhlska u ,nd .;hq;= oCI;djhla jk wfkl=;a Njhkays isák i;ajhka ±l .ekSfï wNs[a[d Yla;sh w;ska w.% ta i|yd ta;o.a. md<sfhka msÿï ,;a wkqreoaO uy ry;ka jykafia iudêh jeäfï § i;smÜGdkfha we;s j,x.= Ndjh wdo3⁄4Yu;a f,i u;= lr fmkajhs'88' ;u yelshdj ms<sn| m%Yak kÕk yeu jdrhl§u Wka jykafiaf.a wkdhdi W;a;rh jkafka tajd i;smÜGdk iudêfha wdksixY jk nj h89'

tajdf.au i;smÜGdkh Y=oaO iu: wNHdihla f,i ie,lSu iSudj blaujd hEula jk w;r" tjka ie,lSulskaa iu:h

31 32

jeãu i|yd mokï lr.; yels foaj,a yd zzkshuZZ iu: Ndjkd fCIa;%hg wh;a iSudjka fudkjdo hk jeo.;a lreKq fol w;r fjki mjd .s,syS hdu isÿ úh yel' i;sfha yd iudêfha fm!oa.,sl ,CIK jkdyS tlsfklg fjkia h' iudêh ±kqï mrdih iSud lsÍu ;=<ska isf;a f;aÍfï fyj;a jrKh lsßfï lD;Hh ÈhqKq lsßu yd iïnkaO jk w;r" i;sh wjOdkfha mrdih mq¿,a lsßu uÕska iaurKh lsÍfï yelshdj ÈhqKq lrhs' fuu mriamr jq udkisl lD;Hhka fol fud,fha isú fofla md,k hdka;%kh yd wkql+, njla olajhs' fï fol tlsfklg fjkia jQ lD;Hhka folla jqjo tajd tlsfkl tÈß jQ úfrdaë foaj,a fkd fõ' OHdk ,dNh i|yd fï fol u tlsfklg fhÈh hq;= nj u thg idCIshls' tkuq;a OHdk iudm;a;sfha § i;sh t<U we;s uq;a mj;akd iudêfha n,j;alu ksid tald.%;dj ksid tys mq¿,a nj hï muKlg iSud ù we;'

i;smÜGdk iQ;%fha ,d fhdod.kakd jpk ud,dj uÕska fï ffp;isl fofla fjki olajhs' fuys,d i;smÜGdk Ndjkdfõ § úCIsma; jQ fyda l=is; jQ is;a my< jQfha kï ;djld,slj Ndjkdj iu: wruqKlg udre lrk f,ig nqÿmshdKka jykafia wkqYdikd lrk fial' tu.ska we;=<; m%fudaoh yd miaioaêh my< lr,Su tu wkqYdikdfõ mrud3⁄4:hhs' fï ioyd nqÿ mshdKka jykafia Wmfhda.S lr .kafka mKsOdh Ndjkd - is; fhduq fldg fyj;a is; msysgqjd lrk Ndjkdj hk fh§uhs' flfia fyda is; wfmaCIs; mßÈ tuÕska Ydka; Ndjhg m;a ù kï wmKsOdh fyj;a is; fhduq fkd l< fyj;a is; fkd msysgqjd lrk Ndjkdjg fjk;a jpkhlska lshkjdkï i;smÜGdk Ndjkdjg kej; is; fhduq l< hq;=hs90' fufia is; msysgqjd yd fkd msysgqjd lrk Ndjkd w;r fmkajd fok fjki uÕska fhdackd jkafka tajd tlsfklg meyeÈ,s jYfhka fjkia jk nj h' tfia jQjo uq¨ iq;%h u wjOdrKh lrkafka fï l%u fol oCI f,i iïnkaO lr .ekSu ksid tajd w;r fudk ;rï mriamr njla ;snqfka ù kuq;a ta foa tlsfklg iïnkaO jk w;r u m%;s Wmldrl nj fmfka'

iudêfha ,CIKh jkafka is; fhoùu yd fhduqlrùu hk fol jk w;r" ta i|yd tl wruqKla fj;g wNsuqL lrjñka ndysr oE neyer lr,Suhs' fuf,i ukfia tald.%;dj j3⁄4Okh ùu wkqj fmdÿ-idudkH w;a±lSï jk jia;=j wdrïuKh hk

foflka wdrïN fldg l%ufhka tald;añl w;a±lSula foig wNsuqL lrjhs' fï l%shdj,sfha § flfia kuq;a iudêh yd ixisoaê w;r mq¿,a ±kqu yd tajd w;r wka;3⁄4 iïnkaO;d neyer lr,hs' tfia kuqÿ" tu wka;3⁄4 iïnkaO;d fuka u isoaê w;r jk mq¿,a iïnkaO;d ms<sn| wjfndaOh" úuqla;shg fhduqj fok wjfndaOfha .;s ,l=Kq ms<snoj ±kqj;aùu iïnkaOfhka i,ld n,k l," úfYaIfhka w;HjYHh fï zzikao3⁄4NhZZ yuqfõ' i;sh i;= iqn.%dys nj úfYaI jákdlula Wiq,hs'

fuf,i i;sh OHdk m%;s,dNh msKsi ke;sj neß wdldrfha N+ñldjla ±lajqj o" th Bg u wdfõKsl jQ ,CIK w;ska iudêfhka lemS fmfkk f,i fjkia jq ffp;islhls' we;af;ka u b;d Wiia OHdk iudêhla jqj o úuqla;sodhs úmiaikdjg iul< fkdyels jkafka" i;sfha fuu wúfrdaê ksÍCIK .=Kh .eUqre iudêfha we;s hf:dla; flakaø.; lsÍfï" n,fhka ksfYaOkh flfrk ksid úh yelafla h'

iudêh yd i;smÜGdkh ioyd i;sfha N+ñldj i,ld ne,Sfï§ mQ¿,A mrdihl ;u yelshdjka ±laùfï .=Kh fyj;a yqrenqyqá nj uekúka lemS fmfka' iu: Ndjkd fCIa;%fha§ i;sfha ld3⁄4hNdrh jkdyS kSjrK Ou_ biau;= jk úg" ta nj yÿkd.kakd ;eka mgka Wiia u OHdkh f;la me;sr mj;S' fujeks u mq¿,a mrdihla ;=< l%shd;aul ùula i;smÜGdk fCIa;%fha § i;sh olajhs' tys,d b;du;a ´,dßl ;ek mgka tkï" leisls<s - jeisls<s lD;Hfha mgka b;du;a W;=ï wjia:dj jk ksj_dkdjfndaOh isÿjk wjia:dfõ tu isf;a mj;sk ffp;islhla jk ;ek olajd i;sh ish fufyh wLKavj bgq lrhs' we;a; jYfhka u i;sh i;= fuu ueÈy;a fkdùfï .=Kh wkql%ufhka j3⁄4Okh lsÍu kï jk i;smÜGdkh ks3⁄4jdKdjfndaOh ioyd m%{dj wx.iïmQ3⁄4K lsÍug" W;a;u jQ i;=g g zzúIhl%dka;ZZ jq úuqla;shg we;s Rcq jq taldhk ud3⁄4.hhs92'

33 34

fuu mßÉfÊofhys ,d i;sfha ,ËK .fõIKh lsÍug leue;af;ñ' m%:ufhka ;%smsglfha úúO zzWoaOD;ZZ wkqj i;sh fkdue;slfï" wi;sfha wd§kj fmkajd fokafkñ' wk;=rej i;sh wdrËdj iïmdokh lr fok wldrh o" wjidk jYfhka i;sh yd u;lh w;r iïnkaO;djh o f.kyer olajk w;r" th óg l,ska lrk ,o zzi;smÜGdkhZZ kue;s uf.a uq,a fmdf;a o iEfyk ÿrg ilÉPd lrkakg fhÿKq lreKls' wi;sh fyj;a i;sh ke;s nj ^uqÜGiai;s& uq,a nqoAOd.fï i;sfha fyj;a isysfha wdksYxi w.h lsÍu i|yd l%uhla jYfhka" wi;su;a nj fyj;a" uq<d isysfha wd§kj f.kyer mEu isÿ flf3⁄4' wi;su;aùu ksid isÿfjk ydksh ms<sn| úia;r i,ld ne,Sfuka miq" jl% f,i i;sfha lD;Hh jgyd .; yelsh' ks;r yuqjk tjka ;%smsgl mdGhkag wkqj wi;su;a nj fyj;a" uq<d isysh ksid ldu wdYdjkag hg ùu f.k yer olajhs'

fï wkqj i;su;a nfõ tla lD;Hhla jk wdrCIl lD;Hh ksid iodpdrd;aul yd wdpdr O3⁄4udkql+, wdksYxihla fhda.shdg ,efí' ixhqla; ksldfha fuka u tys uydhdk fmd; jk ixhqla; wd.fuys ±lafjk tla iQ;%hlg wkqj wi;su;aj uq<d isysfhka hqla;j msKavdmd;fha jeä NsCIqjlg isÿjQ tla weneoaÈhla olajd we;' ixhqla; ksldfha ta WoaOD;h fufiah' fudav fukau fkd±kqj;a lñka hqla; .fï msKavmd;fha fhfok fï NsCIqj Wofha isjqre fmdrjd md;%h f.k ms`vq msKsi .ug msúfikafka yslauùfuka hqla;j ;udf.a b÷rka ixjr lrf.k fkd fõ' i;su;aj fkd fõ'

ldka;djl ±l wfhdaksfida ukisldrfhka hqla;j wef.a wÕ miÕ n,d zzrd.ks#Y%s;jZZ ldudYdjkaf.ka ueã is; wehg jiÕ fõ' is; rd.ks#Y%s; ùfuka rd. .skafkka ±ú is; lh ;=< odyh yg .kS' ixhqla; ksldfha fuka u ixhqla; wd.u fmdf;a tk mßÉfÊofha we;s mßÈ i;su;a nj" bkaøsh ixjrh" wdpdrYS,s;ajh hk fïjd n%yaupßh i|yd ióm iïnkaO;djlska l%shd lrhs' we;a; jYfhkau i;sh t<eU isà kï flfkla yg wdpdr O3⁄4u yd b`ÿrka ms<sn`o ixjrh bfí ilia fõ' iqmÜÀ; i;sh fyda wLKav i;sh ;sfí kï

flfkl=g isf;a my<jk pxp," lïmk" wixjr;d jyd jegfykak mgka .kS' ^ix'ks 4$228&

by; ixisoaêfha §" tu NsCIqj ;uka lrk foa u;l ke;sùu" fuu wi;sh ksid isÿ jQ njla fkd lshefõ' Tyqg ;udf.a md;%h wu;lùula fyda wdmiq wdrKHhg jäk uÕ wu;lùula fyda i`oyka fkd fõ' m%Odk jYfhka u wjOdrKh flfrkafka" fyf;u l%ufhka isjqre yer ouk ;;a;ajhg m;a jQ njhs' ixhqla; wd.u uydhdk fmd;& fuys ,d jeäÿr úia;r f.kyer olajñka is; lh fol rd. .skafkka r;a jQ úg Tyqg ;jÿrg;a úfõlS ia:dkj,g leue;a; fyda .ila uq, úiSu m%sh fkdjQ nj úia;r fõ' fï wkqj Tyqg B<Õg jyd u l< hq;a; ms<sn`o m%Yakhla mek ke.S ke;' kuq;a wi;su;aùu ksid rd.h my<ùu yd Bg wkqrEmj ;udf.a Ôjk rgdj krlg fmr,Su wkqj wkql%ufhka isjqre yer ±óu olajd u lreKq fh§ we;' ^ix'ks'2$416& ta wkqj i;su;a nj fuys yqjd olajk wdldrhg ;ud msg;a jQ ldrKh bgq lr .ekSug fkd yels ùula .ek i`oyka fkd fõ' wi;su;aùu ksid tu NsCIqjg ;u NsCIq;ajh yd tys j.lSï wu;lù o@ flfia kuq;a NslaIqjf.a j.lSï yß yeá u;l ;snqKd kï fyf;u ldka;dj foi rd.ks#Y%s; f,i fkd n,kq we;' ixhqla; ksldh yd ixhqla; wd.u hk foflys u yd fjk;a iQ;%hlg wkqj o i;sfha m%Odk lD;Hh fuh fkdfõ' tu iQ;%hg wkqj" rc flfkla iudk wmyiq;djhlg m;a fõ'^ix'ks'4$228& rc;=ud ;u wka;#mqrhg wi;sfhka hqla;j we;=¿ jQ úg rd.fhka uqim;a fõ' tu ksid wi;su;a ùu wkqj rd.fhka flf<iSu flfrys fhduqlr,Su wkqj flfkla ;udf.a N+ñldj wu;l fldg lghq;= meyer yeÍula woyia fkd flf3⁄4' fmd;a j, ;jÿrg;a wi;su;aùu fyj;a uqÜGiai;sh ksid rd.d§ flf<iaj,g bv fkd ,eîu ms<sn| .d:d je,la ixhqla; ksldfha iy ixhqla; wd.u fmd;aj, ±lafõ' áfnÜ mßj3⁄4;k o tajd tfiau rCIKh fldg we;' ixhqla; md<s .d:djkag wkqj ^ix'ks' 4$156& b;du;a iúia;rj yd iqCIuj" fufia hula olsk flfkla ÿgq fofhys ÿgqu;ska k;rùug" wik flfkla wik fofhys weiQ muKska k;r ùug wkqYdikd lrhs' ^Wodk$nq'ks'142&

35 36

ixhqla; ksldh fmdf;a th ±lafjk mdGh fufiah'zzrEmx Èiajd i;s uqÜGd - mshx ksñ;a;x ukis lfrdf;d" idr;a; Ñ;af;d fjfo;s - ;[ap wÊf®di ;sÜG;s'ZZzz;iai jâVka;s fjokd - wfkald rEm iïNjd" wNsÊCvd p úfyid p-Ñ;a; uiaiq my[a[;S" tjx wdÑkf;d ÿlaLx-wdrd ksíndk jqÉp;s' ^ix'ks'4$156&

Yío - .JO - ridÈfh;a fï f,ig u fhfok nj tu ud¨lH mq;a; iQ;%fhys u ±lafõ' fuu .d:djkag wkqj bJøsh oukh yd ldh ixjrh úfYaIfhka u f.kyer olajd ke;' ta wkqj" is;l rd.dê flf<ia my<ùug wdikak ldrKh i;sh fkdue;sùu - zzuqÜGiai;shZZ nj ksiel f,i lsh fõ' wfkla w;g i;sh t<U isà kï ±lSudÈfhys flf<ia ú;3⁄4l my< lr fkdf.k isáug we;s yelshdj lshefõ'

fï wkqj i;su;a nfõ wdksixYh f.kyer ±laùu" wi;su;a nfõ wd§kj ±laùu uÕska yqjd olajhs' i;sh t<eô úg j3⁄4;udk Ñ;a; m%jD;a;sfha yrialv ms<snoj wjêu;a njg wjfndaOh ,efnk w;r" flf<iaa m%jdyhg yiq fkdù isáfï yelshdj ,efí' taa wkqj i;su;a úg ±lSu yqÿ ^w;aa& ±lsfuka k;r l< yels h' ta wkqj m%h;akh úh hq;af;a" ±lsu je,elaúu fkdj ta fjkqjg flf<ia my< lr fkd f.k flf,iska fkd lsmS-fkd fl<iS isàuhs' fï wkqj i;sfhaa wdrCIl lD;Hh kï j3⁄4;udk Ñ;a;CIKh flfrys mQ3⁄4K wjêfhka hqla;j flf,iqkaf.ka fkdfl,iSS isáu f,i w3⁄4:l:kh l< yelsh' wdrlaL mÉpqmÜGdkd- wdrCIdj jegfyk whqre ixhqla; ksldfha iy ixhqla; wd.u hk fmd;a j< ±lafjk" ß<fjl=f.a Wmudmjlg wkqj i;sfha wdrCIl l3⁄4;jHh fufia ±lafõ' fuu mßj3⁄4;kh weiqre lrkafkaa" ixhqla; wd.u fmd;hs'

zzysud, m3⁄4j;fha b;d nEjqï iys; zziS;ZZ ysu iys; ia:dk we;aaf;aah' tu ia:dk ß<jqkag-jÿrkag mjd úiSug fyda ,Õdùug ÿIalrh' ñksiqka .ek lshkqu ljf3⁄4 o@ ;j;aa iuyr ;eka j, ß<jqkag-j÷rkag úiSug yels kuq;a ñksiqkag msúiSug

fkdyel' ;j;a ;ekaj, ß<jqka o" j÷rkaaa o" ñksiqka o jdih lr;aa' ovhlaldr jeoafoda ,dgq j3⁄4. f.k ,S fldagqj, ;jrd ß<jqka .ejfik ia:dkj, wgjd ;n;a' oCI jÿfrda tajdhska je<lS wE;afj;s' kuq;a fudav jÿrkag .e<ùula ke;' <x ù w;ska w; .Efuka w; tys we, fõ' th .e<ùug wks;a w;ska W;aidy lrk úg w;a fol u tys we,fõ' ±ka ll=,a mdúÉÑ lsÍfuka jvd;a ,dgqfhys we,fõ' láka w,a,kakg hefuka lg;a tys we,fõ' w;a fol" md fol" lg hk mia wx.h u iudkj we,fõ' ,dgq we,ù .=,s fjk ß,jd .=<slr ;enQjdla fuka Èiafõ' jeÈ ovhlaldrhd meñK W!j zzfy,a,hlZZ wuqKdf.k hhs' óg iudka;rj úia;r olajk ixhqla; ksldh fmdf;aa ulalg iQq;%fha ^ix'ks'5-1$270& fuu kso3⁄4Ykh olajd ;udf.a iïm%odhdkql+, f.dapr N+ñfhka mßndysrj úiSfï wd§kj f,i fuh f.kyer olajhs' tkï" fhda.djprhd i;r i;smÜGdkfhka f;drj úiSfï wdÈkjhs' mdrïmßl f.dÿre ìfuka mßndysrùu hkq bÿrka mskúfï m%jk;djhs' tu jehslalsh udrhdf.a rdcOdksh nj" n, fmfoi nj" ixhqla; ksldh jeäÿrg;a olajhs' fn!oaO W.ekaùug wkqj udrhd hkq ksjka .ukg ndOd muqKqjkakdh'

by; ixhqla; wd.u iQ;% mßj3⁄4;kh ;jÿrg;a lreKq olajñkaa flfkla ;udf.a f.dÿre ìfï ^i;smÜGdkfha& úiSfï w.h olajhs' wi;su;a j msKavmd;fha jeä hg lS NsCIqjlf.a isoaêhg wkqj" Tyq wdpdr-f.dapr iïm;a;sfhka yd bkaøsh ixjrfhka f;drùu fï wjdikdjka; isoaêhg fya;=jhs' zzrd.ks#Y%s;ZZ oY_kfha § isf;a ldu rd. yg .kS' tu ksid ieu w;ska u we,S.kakd NsCIqj udrhdf.a jiÕhg ,lafõ' fï tu NsCIqjf.a fuu wi;su;a nj wkqj ia;%shla ÿgq u;ska b;d myiqfjka lduÉPkaohg k;= ùu mqk mqkd lshhs'

j÷rdf.a Wmudjg wkqj i;sfha wdrCIl l,dmfhka msg § flfkla bkaøshka mskùfï f,dalhg wef,a' nef|a' jrla we¨k úg" neÿk úg ;j ;j;a fudav is;sú,s Èf.a fudav wdNdih Èf.a ;j ;j;a we,S" ne£" meg,s .kS' yßhg j÷rd ish¨ wÕmiÕska ,dgqfjys we,S" meg,S .kakd fiah' fuf,i ,dgqfjys fkd we<S isàug kï i;sh keu;s YsLrfhys jdih weÕg .=K h'

37 38

i;smÜGdkfha ;j;a ksoiqklg wkqj ;udf.a wdrCIdj msKsi mdrïmßl f.dÿre ìu ±laùug rdcd,sfhl=g yiq jQ leg l=re,af,l=f.a isoaêhla olajhs' ixhqla; wd.u fmdf;a iQ;%hl ±lafjkafka fufia h' we; w;SS;fha Èkl leg l=re,af,la fl;l úiS h' W! Èkla ^l=re¿ f.dfhl=g& rdcd,sfhl=g yiqúh' rdcd,shd leg l=re,a,d veyef.k by, wdldihg mek kexf.a h' by< wdldifha§ leg l=re,a,d" zzuu wjÈfhka fkd isá ksid fuu wk;=rg ,laùï hs uqr .d lS h' zzuu mdrïmßl f.dÿre ìfuka ÿria ùñ' wf.daprfhys ieß ierefjñ' tu ksid fuu wk;=rg ,laùñZZhs" mdfmdÉpdrKh lf<ah' zzke;s kï flfia kï Wl=iafil=f.a .%yKhg ,lafjñ o@ ±ka .e<ùula bÈka ke;'ZZ hs ;udg u fodia lshd .;af;a h'

fuh weiQ rdcd,shd zz fudllao Tnf.a ksoyi /lfok f.dÿre ìuZZhs leg l=re,a,df.ka weiS h' zzudf.a mdrïmßl f.dÿre ìu kï ìï keÕ=u msKsi ydk ,o f.dú ìfï mia msve,s w;rhs' tysÈ uu wdrCIdj ,nñ' wk;=rla ke;ehsZZ leg l=re,a,d ms<s;=re ÿks' rdcd,shdf.a j.dvïnrh u;= úh' leg l=re,a,dg lshkqfha zz uu ±ka kqUj ksoyia lrkjd' w;yßkjd' Wfò Th wdrCIl f.dÿre ìug kej; m,hka' WU ys;kjdo tysÈ kqUg udf.ka .e<ùula ;sfhkjdZZ lsh,d' rdcd,shdf.a w;amyqßka .e<ùu ,o leg l=re,a,d" w¨;ska ìï ke.=u msKsi ydk ,o l=Uqrl miamsve,s w;r l=vd mia msve,a,la ;=<g mshEUqfõ h' wk;=rej Èfkl leg l=re,a,d mia msve,a,la Wvg kexf.aa h' rdcd,shdg wNsfhda.hla fokakg is;=fõ h' wNsfhda.h ,;a rdcd,shd fï mqxÑ l=re,a,d ug wNsfhda. lrkak ;rï T< fud, hehs is;S h' ;ry .sfha h' jyd u W! w,a,d .kakg Bhla fuka mshEUqfõ h' th ±k.;a leg l=re,a,d jyd u f,dl= mia msve,a, ;=<g ßx.=fõ h' f.dÿr jerÿk rdcd,shd zzmshdießfiaZZ cjh jeälug f,dl= mia msve,af,a mmqj je§ w;a;gq úisr ñheÿfka h' ^ixhqla; ksldfha ^ix'ks'5-1$268& iqqq;%hg wkqj leg l=re,a,d rdcd,shdf.a w;amyqrg yiqù ;udg ;udf.a wjdikdjka;lu;a" wl=i,;djh;a .ek ueisú,s ke.+ uq;aa ;udg u fodia k.d .;a nj fkd lshefõ' ixhqla; wd.u iqq;%h ta fjkqjg ;udf.aa u mudj wi;su;anj&

wk;=rg fyaa;=j jYfhka yqjd olajhs' fuu ±laùsug wkqj fï ksoiqfkaa m%Odk ldrKh tkï" ;udf.a f.daapr wÊ®;a;fhka - f.dÿre ìfuka ^i;r i;smÜGdkfhka & neyerj mudjg jeà fkd isàu i;=rdg yiq fkdù isàug ldrKh njhs'

tu ksoiqkg wkqj i;smÜGdkfha wdrCIdj fCIau N+ñhlaa f,i ±laùu" flfkl=g ldu ks#Y%s; wruqKq jYSNdjfhka .e,ù lghq;= lsßug yelsúu wkqj" by; WoaOD;fha ±lafjk wi;su;a nj lduhg weÈ hEug fya;=jk lreK;aa iuÕ wkqhd; fõ' wi;su;a nj bÈßfha fmdr neÈh fkd yels ;rï fuu ldudYdj" i;su;aùu yryd" hgm;a l< yels fohla njg m;aaùu" t;rï ÿ3⁄4j, leg l=re,a,dg n,j;a rdcd,shd ch .; yels nj fmkaùfuka iaMqg flf3⁄4' fuu leg l=re,a,d iy j÷rd ms<sn| Wmud fol i;su;a nj yryd ,efnk wdrCIdj yqjd ±laùu w;ska iumd; fõ' wfkl=;a iQ;% ±laúï j,g wkqj i;sh tlu wdrCIdjh' ^wx'ks'6$56& fï wkqj i;sh msysgqùu wkqj flfkl=g ndysr f,dalfhka meñfKk we,Sï ne£ï m%jdy bÈßfhaa fkdie,s isàug" .idf.k fkd hEug we;s Yla;sh ;yjqrej ,efí' fï m3⁄4fhaIKd;aul fidhd .eksï j, wka;3⁄4.;h iq;a; ksmd;h yd iudka;r zzfhda.dpdr N+ñZZ keue;s uydhdk fmdf;a fufia ±lafõ'

zzhdks fid;dks f,dl iñx iq(ksi;s f;ix ksjdrKxZZ wð; iQ;%h

^nq'ks$iq'ks' 1039 .d:dj&

i;sh fodrgqmd,l f,i uyd mßjdr k.rhl k.roajdrfha fodrgq md,lfhl=g WmudlsÍfuka i;sfha wdrCIl lD;Hh fjk;a wdldrhlskaa f.k yer ±la fõ' Wmud follska ^ix'ks'4$368& ±lafjk WoaOD;h fufia h' mßjdr rgl rfcla ;u we;=¿ kqjr fyd| yeá wdjrKh lrk ,o fldgq neïulskaa wdrCId fldg" ±ä Yla;su;a uqrldj,a ;nd" Rcq iu msúiqï ud3⁄4. idod ;nhs' tfiau fyf;u uqrldj,a i|yd fodrgq md,lhka isõ fofkla i;r uqr ljq¿j,g m;a lrhs' ta iEu fodrgq md,lfhla u oCI h' läir h" tys hkakka tkakka .ek úuis,su;a h' tu

39 40

š

k.rhg msúiqï ud3⁄4. i;rls' ta ud3⁄4.j,ska k.rdêm;s isák uKavmhg <Õd úh yelsh' bÈka fmr È.ska mKsúvlrefjl= meñfKkafka fodrgq md, fufia úuihs'

zzfuu k.rfhaa k.rdêm;s fldfya o @

zzk.rdêm;s k.r uOHfha i;r ÈYdfjka meñfKk ud3⁄4. tl;=jk iaa:dkfha uKavmfha jev isàZZ fodrgqmd, ms<s;=re fohs'

mKsúvlre th wid ±kf.k k.rdêm;s yuqfõ mKsúvh Tmamq fldg ,efnk m%;spdrh o /f.k wdmiq ud3⁄4.hg niS'tfiau ol=Kq foiska''' ngysr foiska''' W;=re foiska''' mKsúvlrefjda meñK ta ta fodrgq md,lhkaf.ka fufia úui;s'zzfuu k.rfha k.rdêm;s fldfyo@ZZ zzk.rdêm;s k.r uOHfha i;r ÈYdfjka meñfKk ud3⁄4. tl;=jk ia:dkfha uKavmfha jev isáZZhs fodrgqmd, ms<s;=re fohs' mKsúvlre th wid ±kf.k k.rdêm;s yuq fjhs' mKsúvh Tmamq fldg ,efnk m%;spdrh o /f.k wdmiq meñKs ÈYdjg u hhs' ixhqla; wd.u fmd;g wkqj i;r os.ska meñfKk i;r mKsúvlrejka i;r i;smÜGdkh f,i y÷kd.kS' ixhqla; ksldh kso3⁄4Ykfha fodrgq md,lhka tla flfkl= .ek i|yka jk w;r fyf;u i;sh f.kyer olajhs' áfnÜ cd;sl fmdf;a i|yka jk wkaoug" ;=kajk me;slvla olajñka tys ;ks fodrgq md,lfhla f,i olajd we;' fyf;u lh ms<sn| isysh fyj;a ldh.;di;sh ksfhdackh lrhs' tfiau ixhqla; wd.u fmdf;a ±lafjk mßÈ mKsúvlre úmiaikdj f,i olajd we;s w;r ixhqla; ksldh iy áfnÜ fmd;aj, th zziu:-úmiaikdZZ f,i kï lsÍu;a fuys ±lsh yels fjkils'

mKsúvlre ;ks úmiaikdj fyda iu: úmiaikd hehs folla jqj o fodrgq md,lhdf.a lD;Hh fuu kso3⁄4Ykhg wkqj mKsúvlreg k.rdêm;s yuqùug mdr lshd§u jk w;r" k.rdêm;s hkq ú[[dKh f,i iEu fmd;l u fmdÿfõ kï flf3⁄4' fodrgq md,l f,i fuys ,d ±lafjk iu:h fyda

úmiaikdj u i;sfha we;s ukisldr lD;Hh f,i f.k yer oelafõ' i;sh fuu ldhdkqmiaikdj muKla fyda fõjd" i;r i;smÜGdkh u fõjd" th Wmfhda.s lrf.k flfkla iu: - úmiaikd jeãug ksje/È m%;smodjg m;a jk nj jgyd .; hq;=h'

fuu kso3⁄4Ykh wkqj;a fufia i;sh uOHu m%;smodj Èf.a m%.ukh iy;sl lrk w;r jerÈ uÕ hEug bv fkd§" wdrCId lsÍfï lD;Hh lr fokakla f,i ie,lSu wkqj is;g f,dl= myiqjla i,id fohs'

wx.=;a;r ksldfha fuka u tys uydhdk uOHu wd.u fmdf;a oelafjk ;j;a ksoiqklg wkqj" i;sh fodrgq md,l lD;Hh lr fok wdldrh biau;= fldg olajhs' uOHu wd.u fmdf;a fufia oelafjhs'ZZ fuys,d mßjdr k.rhl rcq ;udf.a m%Odk weu;sjrfhl= oajdrmd,l f,i m;a lrhs' Tyq läir oCI flfkla f,i úksYapfhys fhfoa" tä;r h" fmr oelaula iys; h' fyd| ;dkdm;sjrfhls' fyd| ys;jd§ we;a;ka we;=¿ lrk w;r krl wh neyer lrhs' ta wkqj k.rh ;=< iduh wdrCId lrk w;r ndysr i;=rka oukh flf3⁄4'ZZ

fuf,i fiaL mqoa.,hd" ksrka;r i;sfhka jdih lrhs' iïud i;sh Wmhd .kS' fndfyda l,lg fmr l<-lS oE" weiQ úrE oE ms<sn|j ks;r isysh t<U isà' isys uq,d ùula ke;'

fï fian mqoa.,hd fodrgq md,lfhl= f,i" m%Odk weu;s jrfhl= f,i i;sh Wmhk uqjdfjka wl=i,a neyer lrhs' l=i,a jvhs' wfma wx.=;a;r ksldh fmdf;a ±lafjk mßÈ fuu fodrgq md,lhd i;sh fndfyda l,lg fmr weiQ úrE" l, úrE foaj,a isys lsÍfï yelshdj olajhs' ^wx'ks4$440&fuu kso3⁄4Ykhkag wkqj fmr weiQ úrE" l< úrE foaj,a kej; isys le|ùfï yelshdj w¨;a u;lhka f.k yer olajhs'

m%:ufhka ;udf.a Ôú; l;dj yd iïnkaaO merKs u;lhkaa lshefõ' fmr weiQ úrE oE u;la lsÍfï yelshdj" merKs bkajh nyqY%e; Ndjh olajhs' fmr úiQ NdKl NsCIQqka jykafia,d fuf,i lg mdvï fldg u;l ;nd .ekSfï oCI;djh yryd nqoaO jpkh yd foaYkd u;= mrmqrg odhdo

41 42

hym;a wh we;=¿ lr ùug;a whym;a wh msgux lsÍug;a we;s yelshdj flfrys wjOdrKh lrhs'

fjk;a me;a;lska" fodrgq md,lhdg ;u rdcldßh l=ulaoehs u;la lr §u u u;lh yd iïnkaO fldg fuys olajhs' fuh ksoiqk wkqj h;;a" Bg miqj flfrk úia;rj,g wkqj tu iïnkaOh t;rï meyeÈ,s ke;' ta úia;rhg wkqj ksoiqk f.k olajk Wmfïh kï i;sh wkqj flfkl=g fndfyda l,lg fmr isÿ jQ foh u;l ;sîuhs' fuh flfkla úiska l<hq;= Rcq iïnJOhla fkdolajhs'

fï ;dla lreKq wi;su;a nj fkd olajk fþofha oelafõ' kuq;a ksoiqfka flfkla msg;a jq ldrKh l=ula oehs wu;lùula .ek fkd lsh fõ' fodrgq md,lhdg ;udf.a l<hq;= rdcldß l%shdjla lsÍfï ,d" tkï fyd| wh we;=<;a lr,Sug;a" krl wh we;=<;a fkd lsßug;a k.roajdrfha isÿfjk oE iïnkaOfhka wjOdkh wjYH h' fï fudfydf;a ljqreka k.rhg we;=¿ jkafka oehs hkak ms<sn| wjOdkh w;Ss; u;l ksid j,au;a fkd úh hq;=h' fï wkqj ug kï jegfykafka" oajdrmd,lhdf.a i;sh fyj;a j3⁄4;udk fudfyd;g t<U isàu" tkï krl wh msgqjy,a lr,Sfï ,d Rcqj wjYH jk ,CIK njhss' tf,i fodrgq md,lhdf.a ksoiqfka oelafjk i;sh wdrCIl lD;Hh j÷rdf.a iy leg l=re,a,df.a Wmudfõ oelafjk lD;Hhg iudkh'

fï wkqj i;sh yd kej; u;lhg keÕSu w;r iïnkaOh iïnkaO lsÍfï È ^ f.dvke.Sfï §& j3⁄4;udk fudfyd;g mq3⁄4K f,i wjÈùu i|yd w;SS; u;lhg msúisug myiqúu ;=<ska iajNdúlj u u;= fõ' flfkla ;ud okakd foa muKla isys le|ùug i;shg yelshdj ;sfí' oekSu jeä u kï isys le|ùu jvd;a id3⁄4:lh' i;sh msysgqù kï" w;S;fha l< lS oE fld;rï wE; w;s;fha jQj;a u;la lsÍu myiq fõ'

wdrCIl fodrgqfõ isÿfjk foa iïnkaOfhka oek .ekSug kï fodrgq md,lhd Tyqf.a fudfyd;g t<eU isáu iúiaa;r yd mq¿,aa úh hq;=h' tys ,d Tyq fj; meñfKk tla flfkl=g muKla jeä wjOdkhla fhduq lsÍug hEfuka fodgqfõ tyd fuyd hk tk whf.a wkHhka .ek fkd

43 44

lf<da h' fï wkqj" merKs nqÿ oyu yd wm%udo m%;smodj fuu fndfyda l,lg fmr l< lS oE u;lfha ;nd .ekSfï yelshdj u; m%dfhda.slj r|d mej;s nj myiqfjka jgyd .; yelsh'i;sh yd u;lh by; olajk ,o ksoiqk wkqj tys i|yka u;lhka fj;ska isys leoùï j._ fol w;r fjki ne¨ ne,aug t;rï meyeÈ,s ke;' Wmud Wmfïh .e,mSu wkqj oajdr md,lhdf.a i;sh krl foa oek we;=<g fkd .ekSfï iy fyd| foa we;=<g .ekSsfïÈ isÿ lrk jdrKh m%lg h' u;lh fuys ,d lrfok l3⁄4;jHh jgyd .ekSug ;jÿrg;a úuid ne,SSSu jà'

we;=<g .; hq;= iy fkd.;hq;= wh ms<sn|j fyda tys ,d iqÿiqlï ms<sn|j fodrgq md,lhdg ;u w;Ss; u;lh u; rod mej;Su idudkHfhka fld;klg;a wod< h' fodrgq md,lhdf.a rdcldßh fyda tÈfkod lghq;= hehs úfYaIhla fkdue;' ojfia jev ksu ùs wdmiq ksji n,d hk uÕ oek .ekSug;a th wjYH jkjd fia u fyg;a Wofha u kej; uqrfmd<g" meñKSug;a uf.a uqrfmd<-uf.a /lshdj hk u;lh wjYH h'

fuf,i u;lh iïnkaOfhka isf;a l%shd lrk ffp;islh i[[djhs' i[[dj j3⁄4;udk w;aoelSï ;=<ska .;a foa merKs woyia iuÕ .e<msu" ieiÈu lrhs' fuh ish¿u udkisl ;;a;ajhka j,g tl fia jeo.;a fõ' fï wkqj lsis u zzifÉ;kslZZ l%shdjla fuf,i merKs w;aoelSsï" woyia yd u; j,ska f;drj isÿfjk njla is;Su mjd W.yg h' fuf,i fuu w;S; u;l" woyia yd is;eÕs j3⁄4;udk i;sh iuÕ .e<mSSu tl w;lska m%Yaklr h' ulaksido h;a i;shg tjeks lsisu w;S; u;lhla fyda tjka woyila fkdue;sj zziaffjÍj;ajZZ lghq;= l< yels ksid h' fuf,i i;sfha ffki3⁄4.sl ,CIK ms<sn| ukd jegySula ,nd .ekSug kï" uu ys;kafka" fuu uQ,sl b.ekaùu wkqj;a" i;sh jkdyS flfkl= úYsIag W;aidyfhka u Wmhd imhd .; hq;a;la njhs' fuys oelafjk ldrKdjkag wkqj yqÿ zzixl,amZZ kej; isyshg keÕSu i;sfha w;Hka; wx.hla f,i wjOdrKfhka fkd lsh fõ' by; § we;s jQ ksoiqkg wkqj oajdr md,lhdf.a rdcldßfha y÷kd .ekSfï yelshdj u;= lr fkd olajk w;r

i,ld yeÍu l< fkd yels h' m%Odk fodrgq md,lhdf.a ksoiqkg wkqj" ;udf.a fodrgqj fj; fhduq jQ wjOdkh ksid iuia;hla f,i tys isÿjk ish,a, fj; wjOdkh isud fkdfõ' tf,i mj;soa§;a Tyq mKsúvlreg k.rdêm;s yuqùfï ud3⁄4f.damfoaaYh ksjeßÈj lrhs' ta w;r u fodrgqfõ /£ isák w;r j3⁄4;udkfhaa isÿfjk ish,a, flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lsÍfï hq;=lu meyer fkdyeÍu wkqj fyd| hym;a whf.ka whym;a krl wh fjka lr .kSS'

m%dfhda.slj fuhska woyia jkafka" flfklaa ksis wjOdkfhkaa hqla;j hula lrkafka kï th miqj u;la lsÍug myiq nj;a" ta wkqj i;sh wdrCIdjk nj;aa h' Ndjkd Yd,djg weúof.k hk .uka ug .uk .ek i;su;a úh yels jkjdla fuka u is; msg hEu ksid is;sú,s w;r w;ruxùu;a isÿ úh yelsùu wkqj miq.sh u;l igykaj, .e,S isàul=;a o ke;' ta w;r wkql%ufhka uu Ndjkd Yd,djg <.d jqKs kï uu .uk isÿ l, nj meyeÈ,s h' uu .uk .ek i;su;a fkdjqKs kï ug .uka l< wdldrh ms<sno u;lh wjÈ l< fkd yels úh yelsj ;snqKs' fï isoaêhg wkqj uu oekaa Ndjkd Yd,djg <Õd ù we;s ksid uf.a .uk isÿú we;s nj wkqudk l< yels w;r" .uk .ek u i;su;a jQjd kï .ufka úia;r jHxck wkq jHxck iys;j u;la l< yels jkq we;' mdf3⁄4 mshjrla mshjrla mdid u;la l< yels njla ke;;a Ndjkd Yd,djg <Õd ùu u;la l< yelsùu fmkajd fokaafkaa" tu l%shdj,sh ms<sn| w;a±lSu$w;aú§u wjOdkfhka isÿl< nj hs' i;su;aa fkdjqk o" .ufka§ hï m%udKhl wjOdkhla ;sìh hq;= h' tfia fkdjqKfyd;a uÕ jer§u fyda mshjr udre lsÍfï wmyiq;d u;=jkq we;' mqreoaog lrk fujka lghq;== i|yd wjYH lrk wjOdkh t;rï .eUqre tlla fkdfõ' isf;a fndfyda úg wu;r foaj,a fh§ ;sîu idudkH h' ^Wod# oj,a isysk" merKs u;lhka" bÈß ie<iqï"& hfula ilauka Ndjkd lrk úg i;sh mshjfrys fh§ .uka lrk úg is; újD; kï idor kï" mshjf3⁄4 w;aoelSu w;a olsk w;r" tys úia;r ksje/Èj oek .kS' fuf,i wjOdkfhka hqla;j .uka lrk úg ukisldrh úÑ;%h' iuia:h oek .kakd w;r tllg muKla is; zzwdmd; .;zz ù b;sßh is;ska .s,syS hEug bv we;' fujka újD; idor wjÈ;djhla we;a; jYfhka u ilaufka § isÿù miqj

isyslr ne,Sfï§ u;lhg keÕSu isÿúh yelsh' fujka mq¿,a wjênj;aa" idor nj;a" we;a; jYfhka u miqj u;la lr ne,SfïÈ ;udg u tys fjki jegfyk ;rï h'

fuf,i w;aoelSfï .eUqr yd mq¿,a nj tlsfklg iïnkaOh' fyd¢ka i;su;aj" m%;sl%shdj,ska f;drj" úksYaphkaf.ka f;drj isák úg" is; m%m[p lsÍfuka f;drj u j3⁄4;udk fudfydf;a úúO me;slv oel n,d .ekSu úIfhys ukisldrh bfí we§ hhs' tjka wjia:d j,È is; úis;=re úúO wdldr iy iajNdúl ,CIKh Wlyd .kS' th ;yjqre f,i msßisÿ ldphla iys; leurdjlska .;a PdhdrEmhla fia meyeÈ,s úia;r iys; h' i;smÜGdk Ndjkdj me;af;ka n,k úg" iuia:hla f,i i;sfha u;l ;nd .eksu flfrys olajk myiqlu" olajk wjOdkfha ;Sj%;dj;a" mq¿,a nj;a j3⁄4;udk ixisoaêhg ,nd §u wkqj jegySu ireùu wkqj miqj u;laa lsÍsug myiqj i<ihs' fuu j3⁄4;udk fudfydf;a i;sh t<U isàfï ksjeßÈ nj wkqj úúO i;smÜGdkhka yryd bÈß iïnkaO;djh f.dvkÕhs' ;udf.a YÍrh ms<sn| wjêh yd isf;a j3⁄4;udk yrialv hk fïjd yryd iïnkaO;djh f.dv k.hs'

fï i;sfha we;s j3⁄4;udk w;aoelSfï .=Kdx." is; ;nd .ekSfï .=Kdx.hg wu;rj" th u;l igyka .nvd lrkjdg;a jvd we;s iyiïnkaO;djka miqj u;lfha .e<mSug o WmldÍ fõ' fï rpkfha m%:u fldgfia ,d fhdackd l< mßÈ i;sfha fuu .=Kh jvd;a m%lg jkafka" flfkla hula i|yd wêl wjOdkhla fhduqlr u;la lrk úfgl th h,s u;lhg kÕd .ekSsug wmyiq jk wjia:djl§ h'

m%Yakh mfil ;nd is;g ksis kskafoa újD;j mq¿,a f,i th is;kakg yeÍfuka bfíg u tu lrKh u;la fõ' i;sfha fuu w;S; u;lhka fj; isys t<ùfï lD;Hh wkq.%y lsÍu fyj;a zzwkqiai;shZZ i;smÜGdk Ndjkdjg iDcq iïnkaOh ÿ3⁄4j,h' fï me;slv fol fndfyda fmdÿfõ Ndjkdjg wod, kuq;a i;smÜGdk Ndjkdfõ § jvd lemS fmfkkafka wms,dmk ,CIKh fyj;a t<ô fudfyd;g" wruqKg lsod nisk .=Kh hs' fkd b,smafmk .=Kh hs' tys ,d i;sfha lD;Hh f,i ;u YÍrh" lh j3⁄4;udk jYfhka .fõYKh lsÍu" j3⁄4;udkfha

45 46

flfkla úÈk ú§u" isf;a j3⁄4;udk l%shdldß;ajh ms<sn| .fõIKh w;S; u;lh isysm;a lsÍug jvd i;smÜGdkfha§ jeo.;a fõ' fuf,i j3⁄4;udk fudfydf;a wjê Ndjh i;smÜGdkfha § jvk w;r" th ud3⁄4. wx.hla f,i ksjkg fhduq lrjhs'

bÈka" i;sh yqÿ w;S; u;l isysm;a lsÍug u" isñ; kï i;smÜGdkh fldgia i;rl wkqms<sfj, l%shdud3⁄4.hla yryd iïud i;sh j3⁄4Okh lsÍfula wjYH ke;' w;S;h isysm;a lsÍu ÈhqKq lsÍug kï" iQ;%-md<s lg mdvï lsÍu" wkd.; mrmqrg nqoaO jpkh f.k hdu i|yd" w;S; nqÿ oyfï flrekq wdldrh fyd|g u m%udKj;a h' fõo Ydia;% yd uka;%" mrmqfrka mrmqrg f.k hEfï È Ndú;d l< ta l%uhg wkqj" Tjqkaf.a m%Odk;u mqyqKqj jQfha u;l ;nd .ekSfï yelshdj ÈhqKq lsÍuhs' zukqiauD;sZ W.ekaúïj,g wkqj w;S; wd;auNdj oel .ekSug kï fõo uka;% lgmdvïfldg isf;a ;nd .ekSu ;mi yd p3⁄4hdj fuka u" wjYH h' i;smÜGdk Ndjkdj wkqms<sfj,ska fuf,i bÈßm;a lsÍfuka fmkShkafka" uq,a nqÿ oyug wkqj i;sh hkq w;S;h isys lsÍfï yelshdj muKla u fkdùu h' i;sh i;smÜGdkfha ,d w;S;h u;la lsÍfï lD;Hh biau;= lr fkd olajkjd fuka u" tf,i u;la lsÍfï lD;Hfhys il%sh f,i fh§ .; lsÍu wjOdrKh lr fkd olajhs' wfkl=;a ^uydhdk& fmd;a j, o úúO ^i;smÜGdk& Ndjkd l%u j, i;sh .ek oelaùfï§ ta ta l%uj, id3⁄4:l ksudj ;jÿrg;a i;sh ;yjqre lr,Sug" fhduq jk njla jegfya' fï l%u j, È i;sh il%sh wNHdihla f,i bÈßm;a fkd lrhs' ta fjkqjg wm%ud§j wdikakj ukfia t<U isàu" idor nj" i;sfhka ,efnk wkq.%yh f,i ta ta Ndjkd lrk úg ^i;sh& isÿ lr foa' md<s jd.aud,dj wkqj" i;smÜGdk iQ;%fha Rcq wkqYdikdjkag wkqj" i;smÜGdk Ndjkdjg wod< l%shdldrlï j, § fhda.djprhd-mcdkd;s zzoek.kSZZ" - mÉpfjlaL;s - zzi,ld n,hsZZ Wmixyr;s - ZZii|d n,hsZZ' fuu i,ld ne,Su" ii|d ne,Su" m<uq i;smÜGdk l%u ;=kg ^´,dßl ldhdkqmiaikd& idOdrKh' tkï b;sß isshqï i;smÜGdk l%u j, È fhda.djprhdf.a ld3⁄4hh mcdkd;s -zzoek .ekSuhsZZ' tjka oek .ekSu" i,ld ne,Su yd ii|d ne,Su" ukfia

i;sh msysgqùu j3⁄4;udkfha Yla;su;aj w;mh È.yer isàu ;=<" il%sh fõ' fï wkqj" i;smÜGdkh hkq" i;sh ;yjqrej msysgqùu yd wdrCId lsßu m%Odk lr .;a lD;Hhls' fjk;a úêhlg lsjfyd;a i;sh hfula lrk fohla fkd fõ' jvd;a u i;smÜGdkh hkq i;sfhka isàug ^i;sh uq,a;ek isàug& .kakd fufyhquls'

fuf,i i;su;a ù isàu fndÊ®x.hla fõ' fuf,i jgyd .;a úg i;r i;smÜGdkhka hkq i;s fndÊ®x.h ;yjqre Ndjhg f.k taug lrk m%h;akhls' fï wkqj" wkq.dó fndÊ®x. fm< .efik w;r ta wkqj fndaêh idlaId;a ùu isÿ fõ' m%Odk .=Kh ta wkqj j3⁄4;udkhg t<U i;sfhka isàSu hs'

ukfia m%nqoaO Ou_ wjêùug;a jvd" i;sh j;_udkfha t<eU jdih lrk úg" tÈfkod Ôú;fha § ,efnk f,dal Ou_ bÈßfha wk;=rlg ,la fkdù isàfï yelshdj o ,efí' i;sfha fuu .=Kdx.h ixhqla; ksldfha tk r:hl Wmudjg wkqj r:dpdH_ jrhdg iu lr olajhs' ixhqla; wd.u fmdf;a thg iudka;r iQ;%hlg wkqj fuh iïud i;sh f,i olajd we;' th fufia h' iïud i;sfhka wdvH kï" yßhg fyd| oCI r:dpdH_jrfhl= jf.a h' i;s wdrCL idr;s ix'ks' 5-1$10

fuys oelafjk lreK ms<sn|j" ;jÿrg;a is; fhdod n,k úg fyd| mfriaiïldß r:dpd3⁄4hjrhd ish,a,g u m<uq j;_udk fudfyd;g t<U isà' ndysr lror uqyqK È we;s j.lSug wjysrhla lr fkd .kSs' iïmQ3⁄4Kfhkau t<U isàfuka r:dpd3⁄4h jrhdg wfkl=;a ud3⁄4." jdyk ;onoh ms<sn| wjfndaOh ,nd foa' ;ud weia mkd msg fmfkk foa okakjd muKla fkdj me;af;ka yd miqmiska tk foaj,a o m%udKhlg fidhd n,hs' r:h j3⁄4;udkfha yeisrùu" yd meoùu" ksishdldr ÈYd.; ùs we;' .uk hd hq;= ;ek okS' we;s ud3⁄4." jdyk" ndOd b,lalh lrd hEfï läuqäh ksid zzbÉPdNx.;ajhgZZ m;a fkd úug j. n,d .kS' Èidj fkd ±kSu wk;=reodhl úh yels h' r:pd©Hjrhd hd hq;= ;ek fkd ±kSu wjia:dkql+,j j3⁄4;udk Ndjkdj yiqrejd .ekSug neß ;rï Ndjkdfõ m%;sM, wfmaCId lsÍu yd iudkh' fï

47 48

ish,a, ;udf.a i;smÜGdkhg fl,ska u wod< Èidj oek .eksug jqjukdjg jvd m%;sM, wfmaCId fkd lsßu yd .,md ieiÈh hq;= h' ish,a,g u uq, j;_udkhg t<eU isàuhs' tys ,d i;shg meyeÈ,s nj iy mq¿,a nj iyfhda.S úh hq;=h' fldáka lshf;d;a" j3⁄4;udkhg t<U úish hq;= h' i;su;aúh yels úúO l%u i;r i;smÜGdkfha úia;r fõ'iudf,dapkh i;sh fkdue;s ùu ksid flfkla m[pldu .=Kfhys we,S .e,S meg,S f.k fudav jÿfrl= f,i úkdihg m;a fjhs' flfkl=f.a wjOdkh rd. ks#Y%s; wruqKqj,g jYS ùfuka ;udf.a mdrïmßl f.dÿre ìu blaujd .sh leg l=re,af,l= f,i f.dÿrla njg m;a fõ' fhda.djpr f.d÷re ìu kï iqm;sÜÀ; i;sh hs' th oCI fodrgq md,lfhl= f,i ;udf.a is; wdrCId lrhs' fï nj fyd¢ka jgyd .kakd flkd miq lf,l fï ish,a, ukd fldg isysm;a lrhs'

49

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