is 14900 (2000): transparent float glass 14900:2000 indian standard transparent float glass —...
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है”ह”ह
IS 14900 (2000): Transparent Float Glass [CHD 10:Glassware]
Is 14900:2000
Indian Standard
TRANSPARENT FLOAT GLASS — SPECIFICATION
ICS 81.040
0 BIS 2000
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002
December 2000 Price Group 4
Glassware Sectional Committee, CHD 10
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by GlasswareSectional Committee had been approved by the Chemical Division Council.
The float process, which is becoming principal method of float glass manufacture the world over, has replacedthe sheet and plate glass. This fuel efficient process, which gives high optical clarity glass with uniformthickness has now been introduced in India. A need was, therefore, felt to formulate a standard for float glass sothat optimum quality of the product is ensured.
Float glass is manufactured by allowing the glass from the tank furnace to flow across a bath of molten tin in acontrolled atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen which yields transparent glass sheet, the surfaces of which areflat and parallel so that they provide clear, undistorted vision and reflection. The primary use of this glass is forvehicles, windows of buildings mirrors and other similar applications.
While formulating this standard, due weightage has been given to the standards and practices prevailing indifferent countries including India. There is no 1S0 standard for Transparent Float Glass at the time of prepara-tion of this standard.
. .In preparation of this standard assistance has been derived from:
ASTM C 1036-91 ‘Specification for flat glass’, American Society for Testing and Materials, U.S.A.
CAN/CGSB 12.3- M91 for ‘Glass, polished plate or float, flat clear’, Canadian Government SpecificationBoard (CGSB), Canada.
JIS R 3202:1996 ‘Float and polished plate glasses’, Japanese Industrial Standard, Japan.
The composition of technical committee responsible for the formulation of this standard is given in Annex F.
For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value,observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance withIS 2:1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of significant places retained in therounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
IS 14900:2000
Indian Standard
TRANSPARENT FLOAT GLASS — SPECIFICATION
1 SCOPE
1.1 This standard prescribes requirements and methodof sampling and tests for flat, transparent, clear floatglass having glossy, plain and smooth surfaces.
1.1.1 This standard covers cut sizes or stock sheetssquare, rectangular and of other shapes.
1.1.2 This standard does not cover tinted, coated,frosted, heat absorbing andlor light reducing glasses.
2 REFERENCES
The Indian Standards listed below contain provisionswhich through reference in this text, constituteprovisions of this Indian Standard. At the time ofpublication, the edit?ons indicated were valid. Allstandards are subject to revision, and parties toagreements based on this standard are encouraged toinvestigate the possibility of applying the most recent
editions of the standards indicated below:
IS No. Title
1382: 1981 Glossary of terms relating to glassand glassware (/M revision)
2835: 1987 Flat transparent sheet glass —Specification (third revision)
3 TERMINOLOGY
For the purpose of this standard, the definitions givenin IS 1382 in addition to the following shall apply.
3.1 Bloom - Bloom is bluish disco~oration on theglass bottom surface due to high level of dissolvedstannous oxide in the ribbon’s bottom surface. Itappears when the glass is heated to a temperatureabove 630C.
3.2 Bubbles - Gaseous inclusions (see 3.6) in glass.These inclusions are normally brilliant in appearance.
3.3 Cords - Heavy strings incorporated in the sheetrather than on the surface, occurring without anyregularity of direction and of considerable thickness[see also Ream (3.10)].
3.4 Crush - A lightly pitted area resulting in a dullgrey appearance over the region.
3.5 Digs - Deep, short scratches.
3.6 Gaseous Inclusions - Round or elongated bubblesin the glass.
3.7 Knots - A transparent area of incompletely
assimilated glass having an irregular, knotty or tangledappearance.
3.8 Linear and final Defects - Defects on the surfaceor inside of the glass such as the non-uniformity of thebase, scratch etc.
3.9 Open Gaseous Inchsions - Bubbles at the surfaceof glass that are open, leaving a cavity in the finishedsurface.
3.10 Ream - Inclusions within the glass, or layers orstrings of glass, that are not homogeneous with themain body of the glass.
3.11 Rubs -Abrasion of the glass surfaces producinga frosted appearance, A rub differs from a scratch inhaving appreciable width.
3.12 Scratches - Any marking or tearing of the surfaceappearing as though it had been done by either a sharpor rough instrument.
3.13 Seeds (Fine and Coarse) - Bubbles less than1.$)mm in diameter. Fhe seeds are visible only uponclose inspection, usually appearing as small specks,and are an inherent imperfection in glass. Seeds above1.0 mm in diameter are usually considered coarseseeds.
3.14 Stones - Any opaque or partially melted particleof rock, clay or batch ingredient embedded in theglass.
3.15 Strings - Wavy, transparent lines appearing .asthough a thread of glass had been incorporated intothe sheet.
3.16 Wave - Defects resulting from irregularities ofthe surface of glass making object viewed at varyingangles appear wavy or bent.
4 REQUIREMENTS
4.1 Dimensions and Tolerances
The thickness of glass shall be measured in accordancewith Annex A, The length and width of the glasson cut sizes shall be measured in accordance withAnnex B. The tolerances on ttilckness shall be asspecified in Table 1. The tolerances on length andwidth on cut sizes shall be as specified in Table 2.
4.1.1 If agreed to between the purchaser and thesupplier, thicknesses other than those specified inTables 1 and 2 may be supplied. In such cases, thetolerance on thickness as well as dimensions shall be
1
Is 14900:2000
those which are applicable to immediate lower
thickness specified in Tables 1 and2.
Table 1 Thickness and Tolerance of Float Glass
(Clauses 4.1 and 4.1. 1)
All dimensions in mill imetres.
Nominal Thickness
(1)
1.9
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
8,0
10.0
12.0
15.0
19.0
(2)
* 0.2
* 0.3
* 0.3
* 0.3
* 0.3
i 0.6
i 0.6
k 0.8
* 0.8
* 1.2
Table 2 Dimensional (Length or W:dth) andTolerance of Float Glass
(Clauses 4.1 and 4.1.1)
All dimensions in millimetres.
Nominal Thickness
(1)
1.9
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
15.0
19.0
Tolerance (Length or Width)
Up to and Above 3 mIncluding 3 m
(2) (3)
+1-2
+1-2+1-2+2-2+2-2
+2 +3–3 –4+2 +3–3 -4+3 +4–3 -4+3 +4-3 -4+5 +6-5 -6
4.2 Allowable Imperfections
4.2.1 The allowable imperfections when tested inaccordance with Annex C shall not exceed theindividual requirements given in 4.2.2 to 4.2.6.Perspective distortion shall not exceed therequirement when tested in accordance with Annex Das given in 4.2.7. The diameter of the bubble andforeign matter shall be the largest external diameterexcluding the halo part.
4.2.2 As for bubbles of diameter 1.5 mm or more andforeign matter of diameter 1.0 mm or more, the distancebetween two bubbles, two foreign matter, or bubblesand foreign matter shall be not less than 150 mm.
4.2.3 Bubbles
The number of bubbles shall not exceed the followinglimits when tested in accordance with Annex C(rounded to the integer value):
Diameter of Permissible
Bubble, mm Number
0.5 to 1.45 5.5XS
1.5 to 2.94 l.l XS
3.0 to 4.94 0.44 x s
5.0 to 9.94 0.22 x s
10 and above Nil
where S = Area of float glass expressed in m2 roundedoff to the second decimal place.
4.2.4 Foreign Matter
The number of foreign matter shall not exceed thefollowing limits when tested in accordance withAnnex C (rounded to the integer value):
Diameter of Permissible
Foreign Matte< mm Number
0.5 to 0.94 2.2 x s
1.0 to 1.94 0.44 x s
2.0 to 2.94 0.22 x s
10 and above Nil
where S= Area of float glass expressed in m 2roundedoff to the second decimal place.
4.2.5 Reams, Strings and Lines
There shall be no reams, strings and lines defectdistinguished visually when tested in accordance withAnnex C.
4.2.6 Scratch, Rubs and Crush
The length of the individual defects and sum total oftheir length in one plate (rounded off to integer value)shall not exceed the following limits when tested inaccordance with Annex C.
Area of One Permissible Length
Plat< m2 of Scratch, Rubsand Crush, mm, h4in
Less thari 1 240
1 and above 240 X S
where S = Area of float glass expressed in m2 roundedoff to the second decimal place.
2
1s 14900:2000
4.2.7 Perspective Distortion
The linear stripe pattern shall nc!t be observed asdistorted when the glass is tested in accordance withAnnex D.
4.2.8 Defects on Outside
Defects in shape such as chipping of cut side, shelling,protrusion, slicing off, corners on/off, etc(see Fig. 1)shall be that the deviation from the cutting line whenseeing perpendicularly to the surface of plate glass isnot more than the nominal value of thickness of plateglass and not more than 10 mm.
4.3 Squareness
The corners of any rectangular piece of float glassshall not deviate from a right angle by atr amountgreater than that represented by 0.075° or 1.3 mm/m.
4.3.1 It shall be measured with a steel tape which isgraduated to 1 mm.
4.4 Optional Requirement
4.4.1 Freedom from Other Defects
The material shall be tested for bloom freedom fromdefects as per Annex E whenever required by thepurchaser (see 3.1).
5 PACKAGXNG AND MARKING
5.1 Packaging
Float glass shall, be packed in a suitable shock-
+u=PROTRUSION
CLtT LINE
.T
(a) Chipping and Protrusion
rI CORNER ON
absorbing material. Further they shall be packed in awoodeh case.
5.2 Marking
Each package of the float glass shall be marked withthe following information:
a) Name of the material— “Float Glass”,
b) Size and thickness, “
c) Number of pieces per package, and
d) Indication of the source of manufacturer.
5.2.1 Each piece of tloat glass shall be also markedwith the following details:
a) The words “Float Glass”,
b) Indication of source of manufacture, and
c) Thickness of glass.
5.2.2 BIS Certijlcation Marking
Each glass may also be marked with the Standard Mark.
5.2.2.1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed bythe provisions of the Bureau of Indian Standards Act,1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder.The details of conditions under which a Iicence forthe use of the Standard Mark may be granted tomanufacturers or producers may be obtained from theBureau of Indian Standards.
6 SAMPLING
6.1 Representative samples shall be drawn inaccordance with Annex C of IS 2835 for testing.
(b) Shelling
PLATE
~CUT LINE A I
SLICING OFF
(c) Corners On/Off (d) Slicing Off
FIG. 1 DEFECTSONCUT SIDE
3
IS 14900:2000
ANNEX A
(Clause 4.1 )
THICKNESS MEASUREMENT
A-1 Float glass thickness shall be measured with or with a measuring instrument having an equivalentmicrometer or calipers, which is graduated to 0.01 mm accuracy.
ANNEX B(Clause 4.1)
LENGTH AND WIDTH MEASUREMENT
B-1 Length and width shall be measured with a steel measurement shall be made on adjacent two sides.scale (tape) which is graduated to 1 mm. The
ANNEX C
(Clauses 4.2.1,4 .2.3,4.2.4,4.2.5 and4.2.6)
DETERMINATION OF BUBBLES, FOREIGN MATTER, REAMS,STRINGS, LINES, SCRATCH, RUBS AND CRUSH
C-1 Examine the glass and detect bubbles, foreignmatter, reams, strings, lines, scratch, rubs and crush bysetting a group of fluorescent lamps (see Note )horizontally in four parallel steps separating each otherat an interval of 50 cm on the vertical wall with blackmat surface coated as shown in Fig. 2 illuminating thespecimen glass put on the position 1 m apart from andparallel to the wall from the back side, and observingvisually the specimen from the front side. Theobservation shall not be affected by the light from theoutside.
NOTE — The fluorescent lamp shall be a cool white40W fluorescent lamp of 120 cm in length and, if thelength exceeding 120 cm is required, plural lamps shallbe installed touching end by end in tandem.
C-2 The distance between the specimen glass and theobserver shall be approximately 50 cm in the case ofbubbles, foreign matter and 4 m for reams, strings,lines, scratch, rubs and crushes.
C-3 Measure the largest size of diameter of bubbleand/or foreign matter, excluding halo portion, using amagnifying glass or a metal scale with minimumgraduation of 0.1 mm.
.
EBLACK MAT ‘FINISHED WALL
5
t SPECIMEN GLASS
Ij
FLUORESCENT ({E LAMP
&
;~
4,#
: ,
9
///////2jzz//////////// fl//////////////A 7////
loOcm APPROX 50cmOR 400 cm
. .
FIG.2 ARRANGEMENTFORDETECTINGDEFECTS
4
Is 14900:2000
ANNEX D
(Clause 4.2.7)
PERSPECTIVE DISTORTION
D-1 Examine perspective distortion by seeing through NOTE — If the drawn direction at manufacture is not
the specimen glass at the position approximately clear, the observation shall be made in two dkections.
4.5 m distant from it in the direction such that theincident angle to it is as shown in Table 3, and
Table 3 Incident Angle of Sight Line in
observing the screen set up perpendicularly to the sightPerspective Distortion Test
line approximately 4.5 m further ahead of the specimen (Clause D-1 )
over the total width of about middle part of thespecimen from the horizontal direction, as shown in Thickness Incident Angle, Degree
Fig. 3. The specimen glass shall be kept with the drawn (1) (2)
direction (see Note) at manufacture vertical and, on 2mm 40
the surface of the screen, the stripe patter% of white 3mm 45
and black parallel straight lines of 2S mm width and 4 mm or above 50
inclined at 45° shall be provided, and its surface shallbe lusterless.
25mm ,
SPECIMEN SCREEN
-@
LAPPROX 4.5m APPROX4*5m L==-e.l
FIG.3 ARRANGEMENTFORTESTONPERSPECTIVEDISTORTION
ANNEX E(Clause 4.4. 1)
DETERMINATION OF BLOOM
E-1 EQUIPMENT
E-1.l Electric Furnace
The furnace can accommodate a glass of minimumsize 600 mm x 600 mm in vertical position. The heatingarea should be minimum 150 mm bigger all aroundthan the glass size. The temperature of the furnaceshould be such that a temperature of the glass may beattained at 650 & 5(’C within 3 to 4 min. The furnaceshall be controlled by a temperature indicator-cum-controller and the temperature may be sensed withthe help of thermocouple inserted inside the furnaceatmosphere. The furnace shall have a peep windowthrough which an optical pyrometer can be focussed
on the glass surface from outside. The generalarrangement of the furnance shall be as per Fig. 4.
E-1.2 Optical Pyrometer, of the range up to 1000 “C.
E-2 PROCEDURE
E-2.1 Place the glass inside the furnace and close thedoor. Focus the optical pyrometer on the surface ofthe glass which shall indicate gradual increase of thesurface temperature of the glass. When the temperature
is reached to 630 +~“C. Switch off the furnace and
allow the glass to reach till it attains room temperature.
E-2.2 The glass shall be inspected for bloom in naturallight.
5
Is 14900:2000
E-3 RESULTS
No fogginess, rainbow colour shall be visible on the
glass surface.
r50)s 50PEEPWINDOW
-&
-~”:--:
OpTICALpYROMETER
Chairman
DR R. N. DWIVEIR
.
.
.
.
TH ERMO COUPLE
t
400m APROX
9
FURNACE
NGTE — An area of 20 mm width all along the periphery
of the glass shall be excluded for inspection.
wHEATING ZONE TONGS
6
II~ 4
––– —1
iI I
III
I II
~ -_./-_ &
1 / HEATING AREA
POSITION
All dimensions in milIimetR~.
FIG.4 GENERALARRANGEME~OFELECTRICHEATINGFURNACE
Members
DR ANUP KUMARCHAUOHURY(Alternate toDr R. N. Dwivedi)
ANNEX F(Foreword)
COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
Glassware Sectional Committee, CHD 10
SHRIN. K. A(iARWA1.
SHIiI P. K. AGARWAL(Altemute)
SHRIR. BAILUR
SHRI R. P. SHARMA(Alfemufe)
SHRIS. S. BHAIIA
SIIRI S. K. SHARMA(Alternate)
SHKIP. K. CHATIFXJX
SHRI M. M. RAKTAVAOE(Alfernafe)
Representing
OF GLASS
Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute (CSIR), Calcutta
Hindustan Safety Glass Works Ltd, Calcutta
Hindustar ~acuum Glass Ltd, New Delhi
Hind Lamps Ltd, Shikohabad
Victory Flask Co Pvt Ltd, Mumbai
(Continued on page 7)
6
IS 14900:2000
(Continuedfiom page 6)
Members Representing
Central Revenues Control Laboratory, New DelhiCHIEFCHF31ET
DmJTY CHIEFCHEMIST(Alternate)
SHIUOM P. DHAMIJA
SHRIP. P. SAxt+rA(Alternafe)
Export Inspection Council of India, New Delhl
SHKIN. S. GHOSHSHRIS. B. PrrAsm (Alternute)
The lndo-Asahl G1ass Co Ltd, Calcutta
SHRIA. A. JUSHtSHRIM. KRISHNAMURTHY(Alternate)
Indkm Institute of Packaging, Mumbai
Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals, New DelhiSHRJP. J&yAKWUN
SHRIN. K. KAUSHAL(Altemure)
Philips hsdlaLtd, MumbtriSHRIA, R. JUNNARKAR
SHRt H. K. GHOSH(Alternute)
SHRIA. B. KARANDIKARSHRIV. K. MAHAJAN(AhemU/e)
Ballarpur brdustries Ltd, New Delhi
SHRIS. K. KALHAN
SHRI K. K. SAXENA(Altemute)
MohtorCrystal Glass Works, Ghaziabad
Dlrectomte General QualityAssurance, KwtpurSHRIA. A. KHANSHRIS. S. SHUKLA(Alternate)
SHRIN. H. MALKAMPATESHRINANDLAL (Alfemufe)
Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion, Ministry ofIndustry, New Delhi
United Breweries Ltd. Bangrdore
Gujamt Guardian Ltd, New Delhi
SHRID. S. MATHUR
SHIUALOKKUMARMomSHRIPRATAPMUHAN(Altemute)
SHRIN. V. PATEL
SHRIN. S. PATSL(Alfernure)
SHRI 1. V. RAO
SHRI D. N. DAVE (Alternate)
Alembic Glass Industries Ltd. Vadodam
Maruti Udyog Ltd, Gurgaon
Research Designs & Standards Orgmrisation (RDSO), Lucknow
All India Glass Manufacturers’ Federation, New Delhi
Triveni Glass Ltd, Alkrbabad
Development Commissioner, SS1, Ministry of Industry,New Delhi
Eagle Flask Industries (India) Pvt Ltd, Mumbai
Hmymsa Sheet Glass Ltd, Sonepat
REJRF.%mrATrvE
REJTu31.NrAlrvs
DR A. P. PM+ALKAR
RJ317SlSt7WATtVE
Rlm?EsslrrAm
SHRIA. K. ROY
SHIN R. N. GUHA (Affernufe)
National Buildings Organisation, New DelhiSHIUJ()HAR,%N(;UIWA
SHKIA. G. DHON(iAOE(Alfernute)
SHIUA. P. SIN~H
SHRIG. C. PANI(iRAHi(Aherrrute)
Floatglass India Ltd, Mumbai
The Mahalakshmi Glass Works Pvt Ltd, MumbaiSHRIUMIi$HSINHA
SHKI M. J. lSNANI (Alfernure)
SHk[C. K. SI)MANY
SHIU J. N. KUNDU (Aherrrute)
Hindusttur National Glass & Industries Ltd, Calcutta
Director General, BIS (Er-nflicio Member)SHkI LAKNIR:RSIN(iH,
Director & Head (Chem)
Member-SecretaryDR DEVENORAMOHAN
Additional Director (Chem), BIS
(Continued on page 8)
7
Is 14900:2000
(Continued from page 7)
Float Glass and Other Glass Building Material Subcommittee CHD 10:3
Convener Representing
SHRIALOKKUMARMum Gujmat Guardian Ltd. New Delhi
Members
SHRIP. K. A~ARWAL Hindustan Safety Glass Works, Crdcutta
SHSUS. K. AOARWAL(Alternate)
SHRIS. BHAmACHARYA Triveni Gkrss Ltd, Allabrtbad
SHRIT. K. CHATMIUEE(Alternate)
SHRIT. K. CHUU~HURI Htndustan Motors Ltd, Calcutta
SHR[R. S. DOSH[ Premier Automobiles Ltd. Mumbai
SHSOV. R. KULKARNI(Alternate)
SHRIO. P. GULATI Atrd Glass India Ltd. New Dc[hl
SHRIATULGULATI(Alternate)
SHMS. K. GULATI Glirss Age industries, New Delhl
SHRIS. C. KUMAR(Ahemute)
SHRIH. S. GHUSH Indo Asabi Glass Works Ltd, Calcutta
SHRIS. B. PANOEY(Affemate)
SHRiJ. D. HARMAS Tim Engineering & Locomotive Co Ltd, Pune
SHRtV. K. NATH(Alternate)
.Wru P. JAYAKuh4ARN Director GeneraI of Supplies & Dkpostds, New Delhi
SHRIN. K. KAUSHAL(Afremare)
DR S. K. KAKWR Development Commissioner, SS1, New DelhiSHRI SURESHYAOAV(Aftemate)
SHRI P. K. KHERUKA Window Glass Ltd, Bimdel
SHRI D. K. GUFFA (Alternate)
SHR[K.W. KOH DCM Daewoo Motors India Ltd, New DelhiSHRt K. S. LEE (Alternate)
SHR[A. K. MAITRA School of Planning & Architecture, New Delhi
SHRIK. R. MURLI Maruti Udyog Ltd, GurgaonSHRI D. N. DAVE((Altemufe)
REIWSNATNE Chandmlakshmi Safety Glass Ltd, New Delhi
Rrmuiw4r..I1vE General Motors India Ltd, Halol
RFrwmrr.xnw Research Designs and Standrrrds Organisation (RDSO),Lucknow
SHRIA. K. ROY Hirrymm Sheet Glass Ltd, SonepatSHR[ R. N. GUHA(Ahemute)
SHRIP. L. SAFAYA Asahi hrdiir Safety Glass Ltd, New De(hiSHR[RAMNEEKVIKAS(Ahemute)
SHRIA. P. SIN~H Float Glass [nd~a Ltd, MumbaiSHR[G. C. PANRiRAHI(Alternate)
8
Bureau of Indian Standards
,-
>BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promoteharmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goodsand attending to connected matters in the country.
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Review of Indian Standards
Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed
periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes areneeded, if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standardsshould ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards: Monthly Additions’.
This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc : No. CHD 10 (621).
Amendments Issued Since Publication
Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected
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